1*nb

^tn^{

Ta(.a

[--(r,

+a

-S

nnooth Pipe

rrary l;wearly w ith

,,

dV r4

m
taf/

Pr<(w)

Y\

c =.,(,

l=

Rt

/r
-R/

.2
dv

d"
K

"l Y'

(#)"
v+

ie

elod,

Y=o ,q ) ct,
7= K , v? vP
dv

e otla.t

vx

corl\eol

tu.{. gr&;"1 {,,

b

tha fr,.t-^ velo.ity

c*n/.

r,ts

,'\3 thn

Lu

,\/,;ti a n s

u=l-t
v* KL

+ !.n(r-

ll is {r,^"A that thr fr.* , f 4[.e eq^a(;on

tt',"f

ali

t{iut

vx

"x Pa.irnen

= -2.S

The &qwalion 6hove

,t"+: sTtln*. (Q.*)

h,

i9,

v = tt*
v* v*

t,.l' Aol,- it

al.l. p ip es

s ls

!'q"ft + 5 7s A,rY

u=ft;

=c

+ s.l g,l%Y

lrlit. nrad,Eu c&rrieA

9 nna

a*t

expr,ruents

with

otk f ;?nt o,,.), oile^in./

v*Y
Y' =- 5-so
r-t>*O3
J txr rr s-TsL
V*

(1.il)

F.r* thz a6ovz e7n.,*lr,z n{zqs\ vtloa,ty n ig Siven by

; = Vr*[rtstry$-

r1sl

Smou& pip

n.r4)

F-* eI^.ol .tl , ^han y=f.,v=v?

+u=sr+s7sfu{#
ubt aatinq tan.4. q 'fi-r* thle e4n, d^ /, {\rn ucin3
J
a1n .1-+) a^/, {no(Q al,6wstin4
a4^. v"" -- t

t(z

e1^

eo

ffi(
is t, L\rz(

tuith 2(

Yri'nre

aI

rath
iP{
P

Snn

v-alat; onc a((

?,*y\u:La*
l,venby
?owz,
"In.

,wt olla,i

H.zo)
ttn"

Y:
(L)+
n l;esbziw(et\Faq/,q
u? \K/
'h.Kl-Ar*\Dslolo'b.
'
+t . uo(i.t o( 1 ic
Lar"rrwr

nty

^'

,n t,

F-* th; s ,alr&irnsk,p ,*hz u\zan vo\oc',\

t ig 1.ur^
Uty

V:

vo
I

2n

?-

[nr*r)(Zn+t)

rgl rl,g.i

-trt.b*[z^t l\o* ,^ c, A '3 * f)i?z , tkn5D *nn

ir
*
v3.[ r c ity af tha rc^tz'l '\a^
t' lt ,o^(
*/s
*if
It
5,
5'7
.te\u\dtz
tPf
- t/L\ t'"Jrt'
ri
is
th"
f
V
{r-r*
\"Ll
ratz

(n

+\.;

f"i.tion Tr,t-r,r a-^A'-the fit'"r

Veta c i

ty di s-tt ib,atio',

YrJ
vx
6

s'z
v*

2'

V*

s lno'os
0'15

o-zq */s

M.ean v a\oc ity

V

vt
Axial

vato

= 5.7 S !.og

Rv*

l-75

city

v?
Va

5-1

s!%Y + 5'gO

N"?E

5eo

v : +-q */s

a ? +d't
=

*r
+

o.Z'*+.1

: 0'35 -'/t
V

V;

f=

T
o.ozB

p.; atia n
c

Cr\

Fric{

io n

il B las;us
Fq.

Re bciw&eft 3,0oO a^r{ Io0,ooo,

Blag

n' uY pa.ri*. n-F s ha* g

iu,r.

o-01

C{=

Re"*
0 .3t

f:

of

( ?'z+1

Ket/+

ii ) ?.ondt I - Vo n (arr'na

t
F.a

= s 7t

l.,gif

+ r-7s

-:.

nn

T_o

c+:

.L

v
Vrrk

-2:
ov
\

v*'
-2

t eu

Th us

rT

IE

Fram th;s

WZ
I

lc+

s'l s loo 3v lrl + t.7s

-,l-

ob*arn

: * o7 !.oqn. .E

Coe({;cients +.o1 an.d 0.6

nel.d,

n/5" ttn{, h, ['rln4 thannt c\o ler

r,
rn'antal
t'" (lt
n* tVeri
'.

0-6

+" be
+b

Er
o(

ft

= zoL1K"ft

Va(lr( +" be
+0. Ka l>zY,t eQ-^ 5,otto
^ruA
aod, 3 K [06

(q.2r)

F'o*

VVo

". fr
=

- 5 rs !,s& (,fJi ,) e',)

+ s'7 s !.%fr

"

s'7s

L3t

is the F^ean ton/. rou3h^Qss

V^Y

"'

=C

5"7s !o3e

N i ktnc-alra (acrieola tct eyl)corinn

ntr t y sl i.k in4

Sovr/. ?a"t;cl<s.c)n t[,a tnside ruo{ac'"

tl ;s to""a( t\at

#*= Bsrs7sfu*
I4eo^

:rty v =#
velarjL,;-J"'o

of fiP"s]

([ruh) rc.t>

= V* [s rc.1.18

t +]r]
( q,so)

F i.ti,n

arta,

Fri chon

cae#;.;ent

By tt^" gar,te r^.&l,,od nrn,U

?i?os,

it

cd
I

6
or

n bn P.o, tnA tho-t

= +.o7

tl

otaath

lZF + 3 36

: )'ozt,|.f^ t

_t

fi,

l'6s

Cr"f{;cia^,ti 4.01 fi o;) a*d.3 ?i(t'69)

ne<&t,, bt Anttu-A *a n^.a[. e-tlte^ ctose.
man{o{ ft s,*l{s
+" a-t

f.i

lcr

0(J

= 4.o

r 7+8

) o bSt r

n:

,I

Iog e

(q.3r)

n *e*^n.r a {

the /io*e len A ,

obS# r
4
{q
I

oY

t.7s

{r

2 o bS{ +

2 2e

t t+

(u;f) )

(q.:t)

}hsarvr *t^af -f{".c *ranq)&,o^ 4** srl,"\sof{.pip{

fo raur.4h
{rif ie, nrt evifrg^{ ta" csrnru,,,r,.di;t
-Tka
*fra*'q if i o ,rr ,:
fr"
c"d nn $o *.rc ir.
s
ip*
1;rq
'(o{abrarlr's
f
i"3
b-e ta-iutdeA
'ie
t rfr, .*on
'

Rqu\{^\tdn.
v

le
7'+g - 4.o lo1 l.R+

.q:

q.3 5

?e {tlC,
-

f-\nd

LIo,JC
- = l'l+ -2 r,3 [r

r;

Jf

1t e-+ 0 (s*ooth p;f.).

altnatio

0,\e t, ro oL' s

n \z acomas

4.o1%n..8

or E : z'o !1R.f
fu\ ebro o[''
I

f+
0r

l_

IT

s 21,^4{ion

= 4.0 hSE

o'+

o'g

)
U Ka -+ 04 ( +^tt, raurn\
bzco.'.

* 1-ze

+ 3"+g

d
t.o
Io3
=
e+ t.t+

"Gtrj

0z+7

- Sla ortr,' D-'ag.

B { a s i'as

c\^

f he tr.
* oto.s -f". {he {rlo-tir^ {u.flo"s *haf
'bzn
r).eual'owA r-an' I>e sho-^ trr

haoe
{3

[a{,iu,t

0.1
0.09
0.08
0.07

- 91a t, n ,{ ;a3"","t

\
U

0.05

0.04

sflil .RI

0.03

\.f

0.02

i\

zone

I:lj

\s!

fSrftl

ffi \

,5

trx'

I
I
I

iii

103

0.01633

.. . L

0.00833

dd

{-

a\

l""*d

: i:
iii
:!;

.'>

;mooth.r'
Eq. 9.21

iii
i;i
51042

q I

0.003 97

0.001985

J;q-\.;-

iii
rit

ii

0.033 3

-it

I
!

r-sN--T

ibi

Er

- - ,- t_ s--oa
ftt

-0

'.*

rTt
i
I
I

it

0.01

-Wholly rough -

,Laminar Eq. 9.10i

0.06

t|.e

105

0.000985

I
I
!
!
!

I
;
I

I
!

106

R.

F-4rna-tio"n

?.ro

n 9-Z

is

n
l-

6+
Ke

3 z-o!,1.K.F

is

La*ur.{;rn 9-gt

es

*:roQ*+I'r+

E4'^at;o

a-g

tkz r0^4hnee r o{ cdwrnarclcc,(

flil.ec ig not thr gar'\z'o9 +he a.tr{'cial
irl.rknrgs -t[,.al is p.oAuce/, .,tsi\ q' ga,.o(,
4ralnr Thr Moa/y'/nt,"lr.t^ tr ot*r, (t o(
-th J^3 k ntr r\y zy
{hz arvrz " to
le.iu.,ie,.ts.

In

Art,na,l Lqst,

61 1p

^/K

-!

o6
ci d

(oN-OO
ooo060

ci o

.o@ a

ddd ci

o d

8 8
D
6888
o
ooo o 8
q
o q

lr)to6

ct

cio'ct

ct

oJc o.o1l

6^Y
</

^Q-

-' ooo'
'a'
-,/
o

-r
I

rO

o
\t

(o

X
I
I

:
I
I

!o
E

-r
.|

---1

lr)

I
I

I
I

.lY

(o

E
X
I
I

I
iOD@

ciq oo q

\\96i+('lr)Nn
Ceoodnlo
oooooqcjq

OO

/,i
I

(t

c
ri

Pipe diameter - mm

200

500

.05

1000

1250 2500

.o4
.03

.01

.008

\\

-.02

.001

tn

c,

o.
'a

,) .oooa

'.018 -c
o0
5
o

.E .0006

I .ooos
i .oooa

.016

.ooog

=3
o

\
.014
.000I

.000 08
.000 06
.000 05
.000 04
.000 03
.000 02

.000 01
.000 008
.000 006
.000 005

8 10

20

Pipe diameter

30 40 5060 80100
- inches

No|-ci.cula. f,'pz - h*r/ra^li. nall,^s

-ih hy/rar,.[ic .alir,., Rr is luftnnol ot
A

K6=F
A

ir the

7 ig

Fc,t

a{ 6xr2& o( lb*

Lro se sectio^

tha u, s*uA

pzri

,,lz, ol

6i,c.ula"

Nt

d";orweler A

ft: fra' oJ, ?: nd,

Re,=
Ex ;t rlseions
Rh is

.nL- f I

and.

6* ath,o

*'o

of d= 4 R*

sa*ig fu.*0"7

u'

4 Kh23
(+fu)

e- r
pY

h;s

frr k , an{ Ka rir\ te.ntt of

t-

-[

afa-

qlve

c re-s" ltr {d^f

flr"- ln b.r[z# (la*

ar.Q

Exaa"p(r L

The

r^

o(

t5d,^,n
0'7,* y;?" hav in3
kr,eool [, st
9 an /, - qra (.'. ro v,qhnz s t p cd1 e ct ian r 2. S f\^fn

h;r,t ic' tzn^ fo.' ^ ttr,r) .o\. o( o 'zs #/'.

WRat lzod, lisg cavtbz (rVcta/, ulhar.. *lr,e
ttor"^tn iq 0'5d ^t/t ?
'

w
a

V:

0.2

Tr K 0.3

/4

-- ?.q6-^ls

,hr= rAV'
te29

12

r50 3-q6

0.3

23

--0"03

frr*, tkt- !*a^{o^ Arolrar^

-c
I

e
d

0- 03

2-5x

Re = 3

to-3

o-3

x lo+

= Q-0Og?

[{ ''l [.^orun -f

.'.lf

^,t Ke o( G.

A= o-s6 m'/r,
Ke= ]x3xlO'

lL

= ( x lo+

{ = Q'03+ l-*the

f*anton il';a3ri,/\

.Exa*f,{r 3

,t
^
A;oq*et-cr loaF^'"n of lSoL Lt+he rbn)n
,Js).e'c.ty is I
f s ,L^rh4t- is tt^,a f[ ,* ,attWl&e, flrws rn

crrylnqercial steel ?ipa

Ne

Fc,,

nnd^

?.

l, o.C , .( = qqq ' | 1.3 /mt

,"te,

^+ ro-3 k3/r"s
l'l3qx
ln=

Fo, LoFArv\ ercia, gteul f ipe ,

*.
o
F\P

'\L'

F-*

o"ooo+s

Avd qqq'lxf,xo'l

: "L-

,q,n. {q"

l-Bqxtd?

:9ltt7
}o}

+: t+4,TJT
V

o(

| : ,(l+

4.01

tr

Jn-

i;: r +
+07
I%

Sot"e- l, y i tz.na{ i, n

Gltuv auctl,.e +r. 0 , cu\c,.\ofe* ke f-l z'trn- t.

L/A
Wi-th Ka r.nl
,'?eu{, oolue r( t' {.r*
ri.{-a aa^.L
h, oLrla,i
-J/
. 7"t +
M.*/y, cl;uqranA
-{,
T -"-

qv.-'tvv'
^_
Knnn} ,,+( ftcw vaLuz o( n tn eXn'
I

frzruva\ue

t -- o.B3^/'
A--

A; =+(o'rJ 0'93: Q'0065 *t/s.

E m y, ir

; c4(

Fa l. nn,r(4 s

Thr d,etzo nn.,,.r(ian o( ,frirti, ^ loscec (^

0

u. p ti i,t
t +h./(on'(()
r

Cr' +
A ur.

ax a *g

!r ,t

'

b<cancz
dif{i
^rllzXw&;a t,
+t*
o
&.*
i'
\

tut o b,^tz.,t rp4r'mz

ig

4or o*

fi

r;

crJ. -{-a..^*''{^

is

t["r i-trren W*ll*a*E +'s4t\! 4,

h,-=

l{

oqo

[ cijt

-z
v

J7"3

do'0,o *uo'tS

-[hz
y-a^th^ esq
is
-tha
c&",t.
n,corfri
Va:'lwt9 P. varidut e w&e.la,( s is gkaa.',"

rn th
T(r

z {" ,ta w in3 tablz

iq {2.^..t^ ir rt ctr; rfu d, +? tan- bnUn(

;t wn\er a.t norF\a-{ tz^pznatnw

t{r, 1.,r.^*iA
sizt. r-'.{\St- o( rs(ati*ly
i^ a

I no ot[.,

p ipzs

-C

Extremely smooth

pipes-Pvc

^*
150-160

Copper, aluminum tubing

150

Asbestos cement

140

New cast iron

Welded steel

130

130- 140

Concrete

r20-r40

Ductile iron (cement lined)

140

Vitrified clay pipe

Riveted steel

110

Old cast iron

100