UNION.
"Employees_Norway":
E_ID E_Name
01 Hansen, Ola
02 Svendson, Tove
03 Svendson, Stephen
04 Pettersen, Kari
"Employees_USA":
E_ID E_Name
01 Turner, Sally
02 Kent, Clark
03 Svendson, Stephen
04 Scott, Stephen
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Norway
UNION
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA
E_Name
Hansen, Ola
Svendson, Tove
Svendson, Stephen
Pettersen, Kari
Turner, Sally
Kent, Clark
Scott, Stephen
UNION ALL
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Norway
UNION ALL
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA
Result
E_Name
Hansen, Ola
Svendson, Tove
Svendson, Stephen
Pettersen, Kari
Turner, Sally
Kent, Clark
Svendson, Stephen
Scott, Stephen
INNER JOIN
The "Persons" table:
P_Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
2 Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
3 Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
The "Orders" table:
O_Id OrderNo P_Id
1 77895 3
2 44678 3
3 22456 1
4 24562 1
5 34764 15
Now we want to list all the persons with any orders.
We use the following SELECT statement:
SELECT [Link], [Link], [Link]
FROM Persons
INNER JOIN Orders
ON Persons.P_Id=Orders.P_Id
ORDER BY [Link]
The result-set will look like this:
LastName FirstName OrderNo
Hansen Ola 22456
Hansen Ola 24562
Pettersen Kari 77895
Pettersen Kari 44678
The INNER JOIN keyword return rows when there is at least one match
in both tables. If there are rows in "Persons" that do not have matches
in "Orders", those rows will NOT be listed.
LEFT JOIN
Now we want to list all the persons and their orders - if any,
from the tables above.
We use the following SELECT statement:
SELECT [Link], [Link], [Link]
FROM Persons
LEFT JOIN Orders
ON Persons.P_Id=Orders.P_Id
ORDER BY [Link]
The result-set will look like this:
LastName FirstName OrderNo
Hansen Ola 22456
Hansen Ola 24562
Pettersen Kari 77895
Pettersen Kari 44678
Svendson Tove
RIGHT JOIN
Now we want to list all the orders with containing persons - if
any, from the tables above.
We use the following SELECT statement:
SELECT [Link], [Link], [Link]
FROM Persons
RIGHT JOIN Orders
ON Persons.P_Id=Orders.P_Id
ORDER BY [Link]
The result-set will look like this:
LastName FirstName OrderNo
Hansen Ola 22456
Hansen Ola 24562
Pettersen Kari 77895
Pettersen Kari 44678
34764
The RIGHT JOIN keyword returns all the rows from the right table
(Orders), even if there are no matches in the left table (Persons).
FULL JOIN
Now we want to list all the persons and their orders, and all the orders
with their persons.
We use the following SELECT statement:
SELECT [Link], [Link], [Link]
FROM Persons
FULL JOIN Orders
ON Persons.P_Id=Orders.P_Id
ORDER BY [Link]
The result-set will look like this:
LastName FirstName OrderNo
Hansen Ola 22456
Hansen Ola 24562
Pettersen Kari 77895
Pettersen Kari 44678
Svendson Tove
34764
The FULL JOIN keyword returns all the rows from the left table
(Persons), and all the rows from the right table (Orders). If there are
rows in "Persons" that do not have matches in "Orders", or if there are
rows in "Orders" that do not have matches in "Persons", those rows
will be listed as well.
