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Linear Algebra: Chapter 3 Part 3

This document discusses determinants and invertible matrices. It defines the determinant of a matrix as well as the adjoint and inverse of a matrix. It states that a square matrix is invertible if its determinant is not equal to 0, and provides the formula for finding the inverse of an invertible matrix using its determinant and adjoint. The document also discusses how determinants can be used to determine whether systems of linear equations have unique solutions or an infinite number of solutions.

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101 views10 pages

Linear Algebra: Chapter 3 Part 3

This document discusses determinants and invertible matrices. It defines the determinant of a matrix as well as the adjoint and inverse of a matrix. It states that a square matrix is invertible if its determinant is not equal to 0, and provides the formula for finding the inverse of an invertible matrix using its determinant and adjoint. The document also discusses how determinants can be used to determine whether systems of linear equations have unique solutions or an infinite number of solutions.

Uploaded by

رغوووودي رغوووودي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3 part 3

3.3
Determinants
Linear Algebra
s 6
Ch03_2
Theorem 3.7
A square matrix A is invertible

A
1
exists

Example 1
Use a determinant to find out which of the following matrices are
invertible.
(
(


=
(
(

=
(

=
(


=
0 8 2
2 1 1
1 2 1

1 0 1
7 12 4
3 4 2

1 2
2 4

2 3
1 1
D C B A
Solution
3.3 Determinants, Matrix Inverse
and Systems of Linear Equations
Ch03_3
Definition
Let A be an n n matrix and C
ij
be the cofactor of a
ij
.
The matrix whose (i, j)th element is C
ij
is called
the .. of A.
The of this matrix is called the .. of A and
is denoted .





cofactor of matrix
2 1
2 22 21
1 12 11
(
(
(
(

nn n n
n
n
C C C
C C C
C C C

adjoint matrix
Ch03_4
Theorem 3.6
Let A be a square matrix with |A| = 0. A is invertible with



1
.................... A

=
Ch03_5
Example 2
Give the matrix of cofactors and the adjoint matrix of the
following matrix A.
Then Use the formula for the inverse of a matrix to compute the
inverse of the matrix

(
(

=
5 3 1
2 4 1
3 0 2
A
Solution
Ch03_6
Theorem 3.8
Let be a system of n linear equations in n variables.
(1) If |A| , there is a solution.
(2) If |A| , there may be . or solutions.
Example 3
Determine whether or not the following system of equations has
an unique solution.
9 4 7
5 3 4
2 2 3 3
3 2 1
3 2 1
3 2 1
= + +
= + +
= +
x x x
x x x
x x x
Solution
Ch03_7
Homogeneous Systems of linear Equations

For a Homogeneous system
(1) If |A| , there is a solution ().
(2) If |A| , there are . solutions ().
Ch03_8
Example 4
Determine values of for which the following system of
equations has nontrivial solutions.Find the solutions for each
value of .
0 ) 1 ( 2
0 ) 4 ( ) 2 (
2 1
2 1
= + +
= + + +
x x
x x


Solution
Ch03_9
Theorem 3.9 Cramers Rule

Let .. be a system of n linear equations in n variables
such that ... The system has a .. solution given by


Where A
i
is the matrix obtained by replacing column i of A with B.
1 2
.......... , ......... , ... , ........
n
x x x = = =
Ch03_10
Example 5
Solving the following system of equations using Cramers rule.
6 3 2
5 5 2
2 3
3 2 1
3 2 1
3 2 1
= + +
= + +
= + +
x x x
x x x
x x x
Solution

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