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Linear Algebra: Chapter 2 Part 2

1. The inverse of an n×n matrix A exists if a matrix B can be found such that AB=BA=In, the n×n identity matrix. 2. To find the inverse of a matrix, Gauss-Jordan elimination is used to reduce the matrix to reduced row echelon form. If the reduced form is In, then the inverse is the reduced row echelon form. 3. Properties of inverses include: the inverse of a scalar multiple of a matrix is the scalar multiple of the inverse, the inverse of the product of two matrices is the opposite order of their inverses, and the inverse of the transpose of a matrix is the transpose of its inverse.

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33 views

Linear Algebra: Chapter 2 Part 2

1. The inverse of an n×n matrix A exists if a matrix B can be found such that AB=BA=In, the n×n identity matrix. 2. To find the inverse of a matrix, Gauss-Jordan elimination is used to reduce the matrix to reduced row echelon form. If the reduced form is In, then the inverse is the reduced row echelon form. 3. Properties of inverses include: the inverse of a scalar multiple of a matrix is the scalar multiple of the inverse, the inverse of the product of two matrices is the opposite order of their inverses, and the inverse of the transpose of a matrix is the transpose of its inverse.

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رغوووودي رغوووودي
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Chapter 2 part 2

2.4

Matrices
Linear Algebra
S 3
Ch2
2.4 The Inverse of a Matrix
Definition
Let A be an n n matrix. If a matrix B can be found such that
., then A is said to be . and B is called
the of A. If such a matrix B does not exist, then A has
no inverse. (denote B = . , and A
k
)
(

=
4 3
2 1
A
Example 1
Prove that the matrix has inverse
.
1 2
2
1
2
3
(
(

=

B
Proof
Ch2
Gauss-Jordan Elimination for finding the Inverse of a Matrix
1. Put

2.Compute

3. If

4. If
An n n matrix A is invertible its reduced echelon form is ..

How to get the Inverse of a nn Matrix A :


The inverse of an invertible matrix is...
Ch2
Example 2
Determine the inverse of the matrix
(
(



=
5 3 1
5 3 2
2 1 1
A
Solution
Ch2
Example 3
Determine the inverse of the following matrix, if it exist.
(
(

=
4 1 2
7 2 1
5 1 1
A
Solution
Ch2
Properties of Matrix Inverse
Let A and B be invertible matrices and c a nonzero scalar, Then




1 1
1. ( ) ........... A

=
1
2. ( ) ........... cA

=
1
4. ( ) ...........
n
A

=
1
5. ( ) ...........
t
A

=
1
3. ( ) ........... AB

=
Example 4
. ) ( compute n to informatio
this Use .
4 3
1 1
shown that be can it then ,
1 3
1 4
If
1
1


=
(

=
t
A
A A
Solution
Ch2
Theorem 2.6
Let AX = B be a system of n linear equations in n variables.
If exists, the solution is . and is given by ..
Ch2
Example 5
Solve the system of equations using the inverse of the coefficients matrix
2 5 3
3 5 3 2
1 2
3 2 1
3 2 1
3 2 1
= + +
=
=
x x x
x x x
x x x
Solution
Ch2
Example 6
Solution
(

=
d c
b a
A
Exercise
If , then .
) (
1
1
(

a c
b d
bc ad
A
1
2 3
, .
4 1
So if A then find A

(
=
(

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