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GUI Programming: Reading: Savitch, Chapter 12

This document discusses GUI programming in Java and provides examples of numerical input/output and creating menus. The numerical input/output example shows how to take input from a text field, convert it to a double, and display the result. It also discusses the Label class. The menu example demonstrates how to build a menu system using the MenuBar, Menu, and MenuItem classes to create and link menus and menu items to perform actions like saving memos.

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54 views

GUI Programming: Reading: Savitch, Chapter 12

This document discusses GUI programming in Java and provides examples of numerical input/output and creating menus. The numerical input/output example shows how to take input from a text field, convert it to a double, and display the result. It also discusses the Label class. The menu example demonstrates how to build a menu system using the MenuBar, Menu, and MenuItem classes to create and link menus and menu items to perform actions like saving memos.

Uploaded by

mhòa_43
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

35/1

GUI Programming
Reading: Savitch, Chapter 12

35/2
Components, Containers, and
Layout Managers in
AWT(cont)

35/3
Numerical Input and Output
The following example shows the way to
conduct numerical input and output through
GUI.
35/4
Example
//Adder.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
/* numerical input and output */
public class Adder extends Frame implements
ActionListener {
public static final int WIDTH = 300;
public static final int HEIGHT = 300;
public static final int X = 80;
public static final int Y = 50;

private TextField inputOutputField;
private double sum = 0;
35/5

public static void main(String[] args) {
Adder guiAdder = new Adder();
guiAdder.setVisible(true);
}

public Adder() {
setTitle("Adding Machine");
addWindowListener(new WindowDestroyer());
setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
setLocation(X,Y);

setLayout(new BorderLayout());
35/6
Panel buttonPanel = new Panel();
buttonPanel.setBackground(Color.gray);
buttonPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
Button addButton = new Button("Add In");
addButton.addActionListener(this);
buttonPanel.add(addButton);
Button resetButton = new Button("Reset");
resetButton.addActionListener(this);
buttonPanel.add(resetButton);
add(buttonPanel, "South");


35/7
Panel textPanel = new Panel();
textPanel.setBackground(Color.blue);
inputOutputField = new TextField(20);
inputOutputField.setBackground(Color.white);
Label prompt = new Label("Enter a number to add");
prompt.setForeground(Color.white);

textPanel.add(prompt, "Left");
textPanel.add(inputOutputField);
add(textPanel, "Center");
}
35/8
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("Add In")) {
sum = sum +
stringToDouble(inputOutputField.getText());
inputOutputField.setText(Double.toString(sum));
}
else if (e.getActionCommand().equals("Reset")) {
sum = 0;
inputOutputField.setText("0.0");
}
else
inputOutputField.setText("Error in adder code.");
repaint();
}
35/9
private static double stringToDouble(String stringObject) {
return Double.valueOf(stringObject.trim()).doubleValue();
}
}

35/10
Program execution
Java Adder
35/11
35/12
35/13
35/14
Some notes
- The example shows a way to take numerical
input from a text field.

private static double stringToDouble(String stringObject) {
return
Double.valueOf(stringObject.trim()).doubleValue();
}

stringToDouble(inputOutputField.getText());
35/15
- And a way to display a numerical value on a
text field.

inputOutputField.setText(Double.toString(sum));

35/16
- The Label class is defined in API. It is an
object which contains a line of text that can
be added into a container class.
- For example:

Label prompt = new Label("Enter an number to add");
prompt.setForeground(Color.white);
textPanel.add(prompt, "Left");

35/17
MenuBar, Menu and
MenuItem
The following example presents the way to
build up a menu system inside a frame.
35/18
Example
//MenuDemo.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
/* save and retrieve memos using a menu. (by W.
Savitch)*/
public class MenuDemo extends Frame implements
ActionListener {
public static final int WIDTH = 500;
public static final int HEIGHT = 300;
public static final int X = 100;
public static final int Y = 30;
private TextArea theText;
private String memo1 = "No Memo 1.";
private String memo2 = "No Memo 2.";
35/19
public MenuDemo() {
setTitle("Memo Saver");
setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
setLocation(X, Y);
setBackground(Color.blue);
addWindowListener(new WindowDestroyer());

Menu comm = new Menu("System Commands");
MenuItem m;
m = new MenuItem("Clear");
m.addActionListener(this);
comm.add(m);

35/20
m = new MenuItem("Exit");
m.addActionListener(this);
comm.add(m);

Menu saveMemo = new Menu("Save Memos");
m = new MenuItem("Save Memo 1");
m.addActionListener(this);
saveMemo.add(m);

m = new MenuItem("Save Memo 2");
m.addActionListener(this);
saveMemo.add(m);
35/21
Menu getMemo = new Menu("Get Memos");
m = new MenuItem("Get Memo 1");
m.addActionListener(this);
getMemo.add(m);
m = new MenuItem("Get Memo 2");
m.addActionListener(this);
getMemo.add(m);

MenuBar mBar = new MenuBar();
mBar.add(comm);
mBar.add(saveMemo);
mBar.add(getMemo);
setMenuBar(mBar);
35/22
Panel textPanel = new Panel();
textPanel.setBackground(Color.blue);
theText = new TextArea(10, 50);
theText.setBackground(Color.white);
textPanel.add(theText);
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(textPanel);
}
35/23
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String actionCommand = e.getActionCommand();
if (actionCommand.equals("Save Memo 1"))
memo1 = theText.getText();
else if (actionCommand.equals("Save Memo 2"))
memo2 = theText.getText();
else if (actionCommand.equals("Clear"))
theText.setText("");
else if (actionCommand.equals("Get Memo 1"))
theText.setText(memo1);
else if (actionCommand.equals("Get Memo 2"))
theText.setText(memo2);
35/24
else if (actionCommand.equals("Exit"))
System.exit(0);
else
theText.setText("Error in memo interface.");

repaint();
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
MenuDemo menuGUI = new MenuDemo();
menuGUI.setVisible(true);
}
}
35/25
Program execution
Java MenuDemo
35/26


35/27
Some note
- MenuBar, Menu and MenuItem (built in API)
are the three classes we normally use to
establish our menu system.
menu
bar
menu
menu
item
35/28
- We add menu items onto a menu; add menus
onto a menu bar; and add the menu bar to
the frame. We then link an action with each
menu item.

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