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Fetch Decode Execute2 PDF

When a program runs, its executable binary file is copied into memory. The CPU then repeatedly fetches and executes instructions using a fetch-decode-execute cycle. During fetch, the program counter addresses memory to load an instruction into the instruction register. In decode, the instruction is analyzed to determine the operation. In execute, the specified operation such as an arithmetic, logic, or I/O function is performed. Key components involved are the CPU, memory, and bus that transfers instructions and data.

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Sonofabch Maginer
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57 views

Fetch Decode Execute2 PDF

When a program runs, its executable binary file is copied into memory. The CPU then repeatedly fetches and executes instructions using a fetch-decode-execute cycle. During fetch, the program counter addresses memory to load an instruction into the instruction register. In decode, the instruction is analyzed to determine the operation. In execute, the specified operation such as an arithmetic, logic, or I/O function is performed. Key components involved are the CPU, memory, and bus that transfers instructions and data.

Uploaded by

Sonofabch Maginer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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An executable binary file contains

The machine instructions to be executed


Data
When a program is run
The executable binary file is copied from the disk drive into memory
The CPU repeated fetches an instruction and executes it using the fetch-decode-
execute cycle
Components of the computer involved in execution
Memory: since the instructions and data are stored there
The bus: since the instructions and data must be transferred to the CPU
The CPU:
o The ALU manipulates both instructions and data
o The control logic decodes instructions and identifies what should happen
during execution
o The PC records where the next instruction is in memory
The PC is initially set to the starting address of the block of memory
o The Instruction Register (IR) holds the current instruction
o The Status Register (SR) records the results of the last instruction
The Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle
Fetch
o The PC is copied to the MAR
o A read signal is sent to memory
o The instruction is transferred from memory to the MBR
o The PC is incremented
o The MBR is copied to the IR
Several fetch steps may be required to get all the parts of an instruction
Decode
o Part or all of the instruction in the IR is extracted to determine what is to be
done
o Part of the instruction may contain
Data
A memory address to get data from
A memory address to put data
Execute
o The specified operation is performed
o Examples
Arithmetic operation
Logic operation
Read or write data from memory
Change PC to implement jumps
Send data to or from an I/O device
Terminate program (by causing an interrupt)

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