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Day 2

The document discusses basic Unix commands for navigating directories, listing files, creating/removing files and directories, copying/moving files and directories, and renaming files and directories. Some key commands covered are pwd, ls, mkdir, rmdir, rm, cd, cp, mv, and touch. Detailed syntax and examples are provided for each command. The directory structure and login processes for normal users and administrators are also overviewed.

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73 views26 pages

Day 2

The document discusses basic Unix commands for navigating directories, listing files, creating/removing files and directories, copying/moving files and directories, and renaming files and directories. Some key commands covered are pwd, ls, mkdir, rmdir, rm, cd, cp, mv, and touch. Detailed syntax and examples are provided for each command. The directory structure and login processes for normal users and administrators are also overviewed.

Uploaded by

automationqtp123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC UNIX COMMANDS

DAY-2
DIRECTORY STRUCTURE OF UNIX
cdrom
devices
floppy
login: root
Password:*****
#
SYSTEM LOGIN PROMT
login: zoom
Password:*****
$
System Administrator or Super User Login.
Normal User Login.
GENERAL UNIX COMMANDS
To Know the current directory
login: root
Password:*****
# pwd
/
#
Command: pwd
login: zoom
Password:*****
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$
Examples:-
Printing Banner
Command: banner
Example:
# banner zoom
Calendar
Command: cal
Syntax: # cal <month> <year>
Example:
$ cal
$ cal 1985
$ cal 03 1985
Date and Time:
Command: date
Syntax: $ date

Example:
$ date
Tue Jun 24 04:48:52 GMT 2003
$
Clear The Screen
Command: clear
Example:
$ clear
FILES AND DIRECTORIES
Case sensitive
Any character can be used.
(a-z, A-Z,0-9,-,_,etc)
Avoid /, >, , !,
they are legal but hard to use with shells
File and Directory Names
Listing Files and Directories
Command: ls
Syntax: $ ls <options> <arguments>
To view hidden files
$ ls a
.profile test.c cisco
$
Example:
$ ls
test.c cisco
$
bash$ ls -l
total 306
-rwxr-xr-x 1 zoom sales 30 Aug 26 2003 test.c
-rwx------ 1 zoom sales 50 Aug 26 2003 sa1
-rwx------ 1 zoom sales 22 Aug 26 2003 sa2
-rwxr-x--- 1 zoom sales 73728 Aug 26 2003 syam
-rwx------ 1 zoom sales 42 Aug 26 2003 raj
bash$
Long Listing Files
type
access permission
# of links
owner
group
size
(bytes)
modification
date and time
name
Creation Of files:
Examples:
Command: cat
Syntax: # cat <options> <argurments>
$ cat file1
This is a test file
$
1) To create a file
$ cat > file1
This is a test file
(ctrl+d)
$
2) To view contents of a file
Examples:
$ cat file1
This is a test file
Test for appending
$
3) To append a file
$ cat >> file1
Test for appending
(ctrl+d)
$
4) To view contents of a file
$ cat file1 > file2
5) To add contents of file1 to file2
6) To append contents of file1 to file2
$ cat file1 >> file2
Example:
$ touch test.c
Touching files:
Touch command creates a file with zero bytes.
Command: touch
Removing/Deleting files
Command: rm
Syntax: $ rm <options> <filename>
Example:
$ rm test.c
WORKING WITH
DIRECTORIES
Creating Directories
Command: mkdir
Syntax: $ mkdir <options> <DirectoryName>
Example2:
$ mkdir p /dir2/dir3
WORKING WITH DIRECTORIES
Example1:
$ mkdir dir1
Navigation of Directories
Changing Directory:
Command: cd
Syntax: $ cd <arguments>
Example1:
To change to other directory
login: zoom
Password:*****
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$ls
cisco sun mcse
$ cd cisco
login: zoom
Password:*****
$pwd
/export/home/zoom/cisco
Example2:
To change to one directory back
Example2: To
change to two directories back
login: zoom
Password:*****
$pwd
/export/home/zoom/cisco/ccna
$ cd ..
$ cd ../..
System Administrator
login: root
Password:*****
#pwd
/opt/sun
Normal User Login.
login: zoom
Password:*****
$pwd
/opt/sun
$cd
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$
#cd
#pwd
/
#
Changing the directory using cd command
Removing/Deleting a Directory
Command: rmdir and rm
Syntax: $ rmdir (if directory is empty)
$ rm rf (if the directory is NOT empty)
Example:
# rmdir dir1
Example:
# rm rf dir1
Recursively
and forcibly
Recursively
and forcibly
Copying of Files / Directories
Command: cp
Syntax: # cp <options> <source> <destination>
Example1:
(copying a file to same location)
$ cp file1 file2
Example2:
(copying a file to different location)
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$ cp file1 /opt/
Example3: (Directories)
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$ cp r dir1 /opt/
Moving of Files
Command: mv
Syntax: $ mv <source > <destination >
Example1:
Moving file to a directory
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$ mv file1 /opt/
Example2:
moving and renaming a dir
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$ mv f dir1 /opt/dir2
Renaming of Files / Directories
Command: mv
Syntax: $ mv <options> <old file > <new file >
Example1: (file)
$ mv file1 newfile1
Example2: (Directories)
$pwd
/export/home/zoom
$ mv f dir1 /opt/

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