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Types of Text Structures

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Types of Text Structures

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Types of Text Structures in Informational Texts Elementary Language Arts

Text Structure Definitions Critical Words Graphic Organizer Example of Texts


Description
Descriptive details about
characteristics, actions,
etc.
Descriptive
adjective and words
like on, over,
beyond, within


A butterfly doesnt have teeth. Instead, it eats by
using its proboscis, which is a tongue that works
like a straw. Most butterflies feed on nectar from
flowers, but some like rotting fruit and tree sap.
A Butterflys Life (Kelly, 2007)

Problem/
Solution
Sets up a problem and
its solution
Propose, conclude,
a solution, the
reason for, the
problem or question


How do caterpillars adapt to survive? Many caterpillars
rely on camouflage to avoid being seen. Some look like
their backgrounds, whether a twig, leaf or a flower.
Others have bright colors to tell predators that they taste
bad. Some caterpillars even have false legs or eyes to
confuse predators.
Face to Face with Caterpillars (Murawski, 2007)

Time/Order
Chronological
Gives information in
order of occurrence
First, second,
before, after, finally,
then, next, earlier


When writing a thank you note, first express your
appreciation for their thoughtfulness. Next,
mention the present by name. Tell how much you
like it or how you plan to use it in the future. Write
in your best handwriting. Finally, reread the
message to check for any errors before sending it
off. Be prompt in sending it on its way.

Comparison/
Contrast
Looking at two or more
items to establish
similarities/differences
While, yet, but,
rather, most, same,
either, as well as,
like, and unlike, as
opposed to


It is pretty easy to tell the difference between a
bee and a wasp. A wasp is thinner and more
aggressive than a bee. Bees are plumper and not
as aggressive. Wasps will usually hover around
food and garbage, whereas bees are more
interested in flowers.

Cause/Effect
Give reason/explanation
for happening
Because, since,
if/then, due to, as a
result, for this
reason, on account
of, consequently


The wind speed during a hurricane can reach up
to 200 mph. These high winds can cause damage
to buildings and land. Hurricanes also cause the
water to rise and huge waves to hit the coast.
These waves and high water levels, called storm
surges, cause erosion. Erosion is the breakdown
of the land.

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