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Devanagari

The Devanagari alphabet contains 14 vowels and 33 consonants. It is used to write both Hindi and other Indian languages. The document provides: 1) A table showing the Devanagari script for each vowel and consonant alongside the English pronunciation and Hindi examples. 2) Information on vowel modifiers and special consonant symbols. 3) A comparison of the Devanagari, Hindi, Gujarati and English alphabets and numbers.

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262 views6 pages

Devanagari

The Devanagari alphabet contains 14 vowels and 33 consonants. It is used to write both Hindi and other Indian languages. The document provides: 1) A table showing the Devanagari script for each vowel and consonant alongside the English pronunciation and Hindi examples. 2) Information on vowel modifiers and special consonant symbols. 3) A comparison of the Devanagari, Hindi, Gujarati and English alphabets and numbers.

Uploaded by

tractorbeaming
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Devanagari/Alphabet

The Devanagari alphabet


In Devanagari, there are 14 vowels and 33 consonants (conjunct consonants
included).
The alphabet written with pronunciation
Here are the symbols in an "alphabetic" order. The vowels are on top, followed by
the consonants.
phoneme
pronunciation,
transcription
example
(in English)
example
(in Hindi)
Vowels
a (short) fun (ab, now)
(long) father (th, eight)
i (short) sick (iml, Tamarind)
(long) sheer (mith, sweets)
ou (short) put
(Urd)
o (long) shoot (on, wool)
ri crystal
(rishi, wise
(person))
e spend
(Edward, English
pronunciation)

(French)
ne
(k, one)
hi (nak, glasses)
o (long, open) robot (oxygen)
(closed) loaf (Oriya)
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a (long) scout (arat, woman)
(long, middle of a word) (smn, baggage)
i (short, middle of a word) (pit, father)
i (long, middle of a word) (gh, butter)
ou (short, middle of a word) (doukn, shop)
o (long, middle of a word) (jot, shoe)
ri (middle of a word) (krichi, agriculture)
e (middle of a word) (credit, credit)
(middle of a word) (dn, to give)
(middle of a word) (h, is (verb "to be"))

o (long, open,
middle of a word)
(kolj, college,
university)
(closed, middle of a word)
(smvr,
Monday)
a (middle of a word) (na, nine)

(anusvr, nasalises the


preceding vowel)
(rang, color)

(chandrabindu, nasalises
the preceding vowel)
on, an
(franss,
French)

ah (in the middle of a word,


only the two points are
used)
(duhkh, sadness)
Consonants
k come (kamr, room)
k (words of arabic origin) crisp (kamz, shirt)
kh khaki (likhn, write)
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kh khaki
(akhbr,
Newspaper)
g girl
(gn, song, to
sing)
g gum (garb, poor)
gh
(ghar, home,
dwelling)

unu nger (Vaadmay, helpful)


tch Tchechen (tchr, four)
tchh (tchh, six)
dj gene (djn, to go)
z (words of arabic origin) zero (mz, table)
djh (djhoth, lie)

gn (only in combination with


)
Gnarl (Knowledge)
t Tommy (pt, stomach)
th (Marathi)
d (d, ankle)
r (rolling) (bhr, sheep)
dh (dhr, accumulation)
rh
(drh, one and a
half)
n
(anou, atome,
molecula)
t (tamil, Tamil)
th thick (hth, hand)
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d (d, two)
dh (dodh, milk)
n name (namak, salt)
p papa (pati, husband)
ph, f (safed, white)
f (words of foreign origin) failure (Farsi)
b balloon (bs, twenty)
bh (bhrat, India)
m mom (mth, forehead)
y yac (tchy, tea/chai)
r rate (ravivr, Sunday)
l lake (ln, bring)
v, w (haw, air)
sh (wet ch)
(German)
mich
(shanivr,
Saturday)
ch shell (bhch, language)
s silk (st, seven)
h hill (hon, to be)

(to supress the implicit


vowel)
m
. (end of phrase)

(marks the end of the rhyme


in poetry)
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English/Hindi/Gujarati Alphabets
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
...................................................
A B bh C ch chh D dh E F G gh H I J K kh L M N O
/ / /
/ / /
..................................................
P ph Q R S sh T th U V W X Y Z
/ /
/ /
..................................................
Which Indian script is easier to learn? Hindi or Gujarati?
Hindi can easily be written without horizontal lines in Gujarati Script.
..........................................
English/Hindi/Gujarati Vowels:
a aa i ee u oo e ai o au am ah


..........................................
k ka ki kee ku koo ke kai ko kau kam kh
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..........................................
English/Hindi/Gujarati Numbers:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10


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