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M M R 3 C R 5 2 R 3 R C R C + + 3R C : P V P V 1 1 o 1 2 3 3 o 3 4/5 5 o 5

This document discusses the thermodynamic cycle of a gas turbine plant using helium as the working fluid. It includes: 1) Calculations to show the adiabatic constant γ = 5/3 for helium. 2) A schematic of the temperature-entropy diagram for the plant's ideal cycle both with and without reheating between the turbine stages. 3) Calculations of the ideal cycle efficiency and specific power output for each case, with efficiencies of 36.9% using reheating and 32.6% without.

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27 views2 pages

M M R 3 C R 5 2 R 3 R C R C + + 3R C : P V P V 1 1 o 1 2 3 3 o 3 4/5 5 o 5

This document discusses the thermodynamic cycle of a gas turbine plant using helium as the working fluid. It includes: 1) Calculations to show the adiabatic constant γ = 5/3 for helium. 2) A schematic of the temperature-entropy diagram for the plant's ideal cycle both with and without reheating between the turbine stages. 3) Calculations of the ideal cycle efficiency and specific power output for each case, with efficiencies of 36.9% using reheating and 32.6% without.

Uploaded by

cataice
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THERMODYNAMICS 201 2004

4 (a) Show for helium that =5/3 where is the adiabatic constant.

A closed-cycle single-shaft gas turbine plant using helium as the working fluid incorporates
the following components in the given order: (a) a compressor, (b) a heater, (c) a two-stage
turbine with reheater and (d) a cooler.

The maximum and minimum pressures and temperatures in the cycle are 40 bar and 700 C,
and 10 bar and 25 C respectively, with reheat to 700 C. The pressure in the reheater is
optimum for maximum specific power (power per kg/s of gas flow).

The molar mass of helium is 4 kg/kmol and the molar heat capacity at constant volume for
helium is 3/2R
~
where R
~
=8.3145 kJ /kmol K is the universal molar gas constant.

(b) Sketch the T-s diagram for the plant and indicate pressures and temperatures between the
components if
(i) the reheater is used,
(ii) the reheater is by-passed.

(c) Calculate the ideal cycle efficiency and specific power for each case. Assume that there are
no losses in the cycle.

(a) For Helium m
~
=4 (mol mass) R =R
~
/ m
~
=8.3145/4 =2.0786 kJ /kg K

2
R 3
c
v
~
~
=

2
R 5
2
R 3
R c R c
v p
~ ~
~
~
~
~
= + = + =

2
3R
c
v
= =3.1179 kJ /kg K
c
p
=R +c
v
=5.1966 kJ /kg K
=c
p
/ c
v
=1.667
p
1
=10 bar
1
=25
o
C T
1
=298 K
p
2
=40 bar
p
3
=40 bar
3
=700
o
C T
3
=973 K
For optimal turbine work p
4/5
=(40)(10) =400 =20 bar
5
=700
o
C T
5
=973 K


K 518.9
10
40
298
p
p
T T
1.667
1
1

1
1
1
2
1 2
=


K 737.4
40
20
973
p
p
T T
1.667
1
1

1
1
3
4
3 4
=


K 737.4
20
10
973
p
p
T T
1.667
1
1

1
1
5
6
5 6
=



HEAT INPUT
(in) =c
p
(T
3
T
2
) +c
p
(T
5
T
4
) =5.1966(973 - 518.9) +5.1966(973 734.7) =3598.1 kW

HEAT OUTPUT
(out) =c
p
(T
6
T
1
) =5.1966(734.7 - 298) =2269.4 kW

Nett Power Out =3598.1- 2269.4 =1328.7 kW per kg/s of gas flow

Cycle efficiency =P/(in) =1328.7/3598.1 =0.369 or 36.9 % with reheater



With the reheater bypassed we have a standard J oule cycle.
0.426
10
40
1 r 1
1
1.667
1
1

1
p
=

= =



HEAT INPUT
(in) =c
p
(T
3
T
2
) =5.1966(973 - 518.9) =2360 kW

Nett Power Out = x 2360 =1005 kW per kg/s of gas flow

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