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© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Redundant switch topologies eliminate single points of failure but can cause issues like broadcast storms from repeated frame flooding between switches, multiple copies of the same frame being transmitted, and instability in switches' MAC address tables from learning incorrect port information. Loop avoidance protocols are needed to solve such problems in redundant networks.

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Nishant Mishra
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15 views9 pages

© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Redundant switch topologies eliminate single points of failure but can cause issues like broadcast storms from repeated frame flooding between switches, multiple copies of the same frame being transmitted, and instability in switches' MAC address tables from learning incorrect port information. Loop avoidance protocols are needed to solve such problems in redundant networks.

Uploaded by

Nishant Mishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-2 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2
Redundant Topology Overview
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-3
Objectives
Upon completing this lesson, you will be
able to:
Describe the features of redundant switch and
bridge topologies
Explain the problems associated with broadcast
storms, multiple frame transmissions, and MAC
address table instability
Describe loop avoidance and explain how it can
solve redundant switch topology issues
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-4
Redundant topology eliminates single points of failure.
Redundant topology causes broadcast storms, multiple
frame copies, and MAC address table instability problems.
Redundant Topology
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-5
Host X sends a broadcast.
Switches continue to propagate broadcast traffic
over and over.
Broadcast Storms
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-6
Host X sends a unicast frame to router Y.
MAC address of router Y has not been learned by
either switch yet.
Router Y will receive two copies of the same frame.
Multiple Frame Copies
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-7
Host X sends a unicast frame to router Y.
MAC address of router Y has not been learned by either switch.
Switches A and B learn the MAC address of host X on port 0.
The frame to router Y is flooded.
Switches A and B incorrectly learn the MAC address of host X on port 1.
MAC Database Instability
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.03-8
Summary
Bridged and switched networks are commonly designed
with redundant links and devices, which can introduce
problems, such as broadcast storms, multiple frame
transmission, and MAC database instability.
A broadcast storm is when each switch on a redundant
network floods broadcast frames endlessly.
In a redundant topology, multiple copies of the same
frame can arrive at the intended host, potentially
causing problems with the receiving protocol.
MAC database instability results when multiple copies
of a frame arrive on different ports of a switch.

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