This document discusses classical concentration techniques like gravimetric and volumetric methods. It then provides examples of calculations involving molarity, normality, parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb), and parts per trillion (ppt). Specifically, it gives 7 examples of calculations converting between grams, moles, liters, and molar/normal concentrations. It concludes with 4 practice problems involving similar conversions between mass, volume, concentration percentages, and molarity/normality.
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Review of Calculations
This document discusses classical concentration techniques like gravimetric and volumetric methods. It then provides examples of calculations involving molarity, normality, parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb), and parts per trillion (ppt). Specifically, it gives 7 examples of calculations converting between grams, moles, liters, and molar/normal concentrations. It concludes with 4 practice problems involving similar conversions between mass, volume, concentration percentages, and molarity/normality.
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Classical techniques
Gravimetric Method and Volumetric Method
Concentration Units REVEIW on Calculations involving Molarity, normality, ppm, ppb, ppt (tabulated units) 1) Caustic soda, NaOH, can be prepared commercially by the reaction of Na 2 CO 3 with slaked lime, Ca(OH) 2 . How many grams of NaOH can be obtained by treating 1.000 kg of Na 2 CO 3 with Ca(OH) 2 ? How much 83.4% pure salt cake (Na 2 SO 4 ) could be produced from 250 kg of 94.5% pure salt in the following reaction? What volume of 4.40 M H 2 SO 4 solution is need to react exactly with 100 g Al? What is the normality of 2.5 M Al(OH) 3 solution? A solution has a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. What is the concentration in ppm? Find the concentration in ppm of a solution in which 0.0059 g of NaCl has been dissolved making a solution with a volume of 750 mL Find the concentration in ppb of a solution in which 9.6 x10 -6 g of NaCl has been dissolved making a solution with a volume of 2.0 L? Seatwork 1) What is the normality of a solution made by dissolving 8.5 g of H 2 SO 4 in enough water to make 500 mL of solution?
2) There are 3 g of BaCl 2 in 30 mL of solution. What is the molarity of this solution? What is the normality of this solution?
3) How many grams of CaCl 2 does it take to produce 14.3 g of AgCl when treated with excess AgNO 3 ? Ca(NO 3 ) 2 is the other product.
4) What volume of 95.0% alcohol by weight (density 0.809 g/cm 3 ) must be used to prepare 150 cm 3 of 30.0% alcohol by weight (density 0.957 g/cm 3 )