File transfer using pipes: if((read(fd,msgbuf,MSGSIZ+1))>0)

Source Code: printf("message received:%s\n",msgbuf);

Server Side }
#include<stdio.h> }
#include<signal.h>
#include<fcntl.h> Output
#include<errno.h>
#define MSGSIZ 63 [root@localhost filetrans]#cc -o server.out
main(argc,argv) server.c
int argc; [root@localhost filetrans]#./server.out
char *argv[];
{ [root@localhost filetrans]#cc -o client.out
int fd,j,nwrite; client.c
char msgbuf[MSGSIZ]; [root@localhost filetrans]#./client.out meet me
if(argc<2) at 7pm
[root@localhost filetrans]#
{ printf("Usage:<filename><message><messa
ge>...\n"); [root@localhost filetrans]#cc -o server.out
exit(1); server.c
} [root@localhost filetrans]#./server.out
if((fd=open("myfifo",O_WRONLY))<0) message received:meet
perror("fifo opened failed"); message received:me
for(j=1;j<argc;j++) message received:at
{ message received:7pm
strcpy(msgbuf,argv[j]);
Process management system call:
if((nwrite=write(fd,msgbuf,MSGSIZ+1))<=0)
perror("message write failed"); Source Code:
}
exit(0); Fork:
}
#include <sys/types.h>
Client Side #include <unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<fcntl.h> int main()
#include<errno.h> {
#define MSGSIZ 63 pid_t pid;
main() char *message;
{ int n;
int fd;
char msgbuf[MSGSIZ+1]; printf("fork program starting\n");
pid = fork();
if(mknod("myfifo",010666,0)<0) switch(pid)
perror("myfifo failed"); {
case -1:
if((fd=open("myfifo",O_RDWR))<0) perror("fork failed");
perror("fifo open failed"); exit(1);
case 0:
for(;;) message = "This is the child";
{ n = 5;
 break; pid=4684 pgrp=4693
default: pid=4684 pgrp=4697
message = "This is the parent"; pid=4684 pgrp=4693
n = 3; pid=4684 pgrp=4699
break; pid=4684 pgrp=4693
} pid=4684 pgrp=4701
for(; n > 0; n--) { pid=4684 pgrp=4693
puts(message); pid=4684 pgrp=4703
sleep(1);
} Exit & getpid:
exit(0); #include<signal.h>
} main()
{
Output: int child;
[root@localhost process]$cc f1.c if((child==fork())==0)
[root@localhost process]$./a.out {
fork program starting printf("child pid %d\n",getpid());
This is the child pause();
This is the parent }
This is the parent printf("child pid %d\n",child);
This is the child exit(child);
This is the parent }
This is the child
This is the parent Output:
This is the parent
[root@localhost process]$vi exit.c
Setgrp & Kill: [root@localhost process]$./a.out
#include<signal.h> child pid 4769
main() child pid 4768
{ Wait and Ignoring Death of Child Signal:
register int i;
setpgrp(); #include<signal.h>
for(i=0;i<10;i++) main(argc,argv)
{ int argc;
if(fork()==0) char *argv[];
{ {
if(i&1) int i, ret_val,ret_code;
setpgrp(); if(argc>=1)
printf("pid=%d pgrp= signal(SIGCLD,SIG_IGN);
%d\n",getpid(),getpgrp()); for(i=0;i<15;i++)
pause(); if(fork()==0)
} {
} printf("child process %x\n",getpid());
kill(0,SIGINT); exit(i);
} }
ret_val=wait(&ret_code);
Output: printf("wait ret_val %x ret_code
[root@localhost process]$ cc grp.c %x\n",ret_val,ret_code);
[root@localhost process]$ ./a.out }
pid=4684 pgrp=4693
pid=4684 pgrp=4695 Output:
 }
[root@localhost process]$cc wait.c Output:
[root@localhost process]$./a.out
child proc 12b1 [root@localhost process]$cc execute.c
child proc 12b2 [root@localhost process]$./a.out
child proc 12b3 uid 500 euid 500
child proc 12b4 fdmjb -1 fdmaury -1
child proc 12b5 after stuid(500): uid 500 euid 500
child proc 12b6 fdmjb -1 fdmaury -1
child proc 12b7 after setuid(500):uid 500 euid 500
child proc 12b8
child proc 12b9
child proc 12ba File management system calls:
child proc 12bb Source Code:
child proc 12bc
child proc 12bd #include<stdio.h>
child proc 12be #include<fcntl.h>
child proc 12bf
wait ret_val ffffffff ret_code b75dad98 main()
{
Setuid int fp;
char ano,ch;
#include<fcntl.h>
struct emp
main() {
{ char name[40];
int uid,euid,fdmjb,fdmaury; int age;
};
uid=getuid();
euid=geteuid(); struct emp e;
char empname[40];
printf("uid %d euid %d\n",uid,euid); long int recsize;

fdmjb=open("mjb",O_RDONLY); fp=open("emp.txt","O_RDONLY");
fdmaury= open("maury",O_RDONLY);
printf("fdmjb %d fdmaury if(fp==NULL)
%d\n",fdmjb,fdmaury); {
fp=open("emp.txt","O_WRONLY");
setuid(uid); if(fp==NULL)
printf("after setuid(%d):uid d euid {
%d\n",uid,getuid(),geteuid()); printf("cannot open file");
exit(0);
fdmjb = open("mjb",O_RDONLY); }
fdmaury = open("maury",O_RDONLY); }
printf("fdmjb %d fdmaury
%d\n",fdmjb,fdmaury); recsize=sizeof(e);

setuid(euid); while(1)
printf("after setuid(%d):uid %d euid {
%d\n",euid,getuid(),getuid()); printf("\n1.Add Record");
printf("\n2.List Record");
 printf("\n3.Modify Record"); close(fp);
printf("n 0.Exit"); exit(0);
printf("\nEnter Choice"); }
scanf("%d",&ch); }
}
switch(ch)
{ [root@localhost filemgmt]$cc prmgt.c
case 1:
ano='y'; [root@localhost filemgmt]$./a.out

while(ano=='y') 1=>Add Record

{ 2=>List Record
printf("\nEnter the name and age:"); 3=>Modify Record
scanf("%s %d",e.name,&e.age); 0=>Exit
write(fp,&e,1);
printf("\n Add no record(y/n)"); Enter Choice:1
scanf("%c",&ano);
} Enter the name and age:Allen 22
break;
Add ano record(y/n):y
case 2: Enter the name and age:Anji 23
while(read(fp,&e,1)==1) Add ano record(y/n):n
printf("\n %s %d",e.name,e.age);
break; 1=>Add Record
2=>List Record
case 3: 3=>Modify Record
ano='y'; 0=>Exit

while(ano=='y') Enter Choice:2

{
printf("\nEnter the name to modify"); Allen 22
scanf("%s",empname); Anji 23

while(read(fp,&e,1)==1) 1=>Add Record

{ 2=>List Record
if(strcmp(e.name,empname)==0) 3=>Modify Record
{ 0=>Exit
printf("\n Enter the new name and age");
scanf("%s %d",e.name,&e.age); Enter Choice:0

write(fp,&e,1);
break; Signals set during process states and
} transitions:
}
Source Code:
printf("\nModify ano record");
scanf("%c",&ano); Signals
}
break; include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
case 0: #include <fcntl.h>
 while(1)
void ouch(int sig) {
{ printf("Hello World!\n");
printf("OUCH! - I got signal %d\n", sleep(1);
sig); }
(void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); }
}
Output
void abc(int sig)
{ [root@localhost signal]$ cc sig.c
printf("you have pressed ctrl key and the [root@localhost signal]$ ./a.out
signal no is %d",sig); you have pressed ctrl key and the signal no is 3
(void) signal(SIGQUIT,SIG_DFL); Enter the value for i and j10 20
}
Result is 2Hello World!
void illegal(int sig) Hello World!
{ Hello World!
printf("\n you have done illegal Hello World!
instruction"); Hello World!
printf("\n The signal number is Hello World!
%d",sig); Hello World!
exit(0); Hello World!
} Hello World!
Hello World!
void call(int sig) Hello World!
{ OUCH! - I got signal 2
printf("\n Illegal use of system call"); Hello World!
printf("\n The signal number is Hello World!
%d",sig); Hello World!
exit(0); Hello World!
} Hello World!
Hello World!
int main() Quit
{ [root@localhost signal]$
int i,j;
int fd; Alarm:
(void) signal(SIGINT, ouch);
(void) signal(SIGQUIT, abc); #include <signal.h>
(void) signal(SIGILL, illegal); #include <stdio.h>
(void) signal(SIGHUP,SIG_IGN); #include <unistd.h>
(void) signal(SIGSYS,call);
static int alarm_fired = 0;
printf("\nEnter the value for i and j");
scanf("%d %d",&i,&j); void ding(int sig)
{
j=j/i; alarm_fired = 1;
printf("\nResult is %d",j); }

fd=open("file1.c",O_RDONLY); int main()

lseek(fd,0l,5); {
int pid;
 printf("alarm application starting\n"); signal(SIGUSR1,def);
if((pid = fork()) == 0) sleep(5);
{ }
sleep(5); }
kill(getppid(), SIGALRM);
exit(0); void abc()
} {
printf("waiting for alarm to go off\n"); sleep(1);
(void) signal(SIGALRM, ding); printf("Bye boys\n");
pause(); exit(0);
}
if (alarm_fired)
printf("Ding!\n"); void def()
{
printf("done\n"); sleep(1);
printf("Hello girls\n");
exit(0); kill(pid,SIGUSR2);
} }

Output: Output:

[root@localhost signal]$cc alarm.c [root@localhost signal]$cc sig2.c

[root@localhost signal]$./a.out [root@localhost signal]$./a.out
alarm application starting Hello boys
waiting for alarm to go off Hello girls
Ding! [root@localhost signal]$Bye boys
done
[root@localhost signal]$ [root@localhost signal]$

Signals between processess:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>

void abc();
void def();
int pid,i;

main()
{
pid=fork();
if (pid==0)
{
signal(SIGUSR2,abc);
sleep(1);
printf("Hello boys\n");
kill(getppid(),SIGUSR1);
sleep(5);
}
else
{