Intro
Intro
California
Just fur you!
Endangered Mammals
beaver, Point Arena mountain* (Aplodontia rufa nigra )
fox, Sierra Nevada red (Vulpes vulpes necator)
fox, San Joaquin kit* (Vulpes macrotis mutica)
fox, island (Urocyon littoralis)
mouse, Pacific pocket (Perognathus longimembris pacificus)
mouse, salt-marsh harvest (Reithrodontomys raviventris)
otter, southern sea (Enhydra lutris nereis)
rabbit, riparian brush (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius)
rat, Fresno kangaroo (Dipodomys nitratoides exilis)
rat, giant kangaroo (Dipodomys ingens)
rat, Morro Bay kangaroo (Dipodomys heermanni morroensis)
rat, San Bernardino kangaroo (Dipodomys merriami parvus)
rat, Stephens' kangaroo (Dipodomys stephensi)
rat, Tipton kangaroo (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides)
seal, Guadalupe fur (Arctocephalus townsendi)
sea lion, Steller (=northern) (Eumetopias jubatus)
Common Name Scientific Name
beaver, Point Arena mountain* (Aplodontia rufa nigra )
fox, Sierra Nevada red (Vulpes vulpes necator)
fox, San Joaquin kit* (Vulpes macrotis mutica)
fox, island (Urocyon littoralis)
mouse, Pacific pocket (Perognathus longimembris pacificus)
mouse, salt-marsh harvest (Reithrodontomys raviventris)
otter, southern sea (Enhydra lutris nereis)
rabbit, riparian brush (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius)
rat, Fresno kangaroo (Dipodomys nitratoides exilis)
rat, giant kangaroo (Dipodomys ingens)
rat, Morro Bay kangaroo (Dipodomys heermanni morroensis)
rat, San Bernardino kangaroo (Dipodomys merriami parvus)
rat, Stephens' kangaroo (Dipodomys stephensi)
rat, Tipton kangaroo (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides)
seal, Guadalupe fur (Arctocephalus townsendi)
sea lion, Steller (=northern) (Eumetopias jubatus)
sheep, California (=Sierra Nevada) bighorn (Ovis canadensis californiana)
sheep, Penninsular bighorn (Ovis canadensis nelsoni (=cremnobates))
shrew, Buena Vista Lake (Sorex ornatus relictus)
squirrel, San Joaquin antelope (Ammospermophilus nelsoni)
squirrel, Mohave ground (Spermophilus mohavensis)
vole, Amargosa (Microtus californicus scirpensis)
whale, blue (Balaenoptera musculus)
whale, finback (Balaenoptera physalus)
whale, gray (RECOVERED) (Eschrichtius robustus)
whale, humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae)
whale, right (Balaena glacialis (includes australis))
whale, Sei (Balaenoptera borealis)
whale, sperm (Physeter macrocephalus (=catodon))
wolverine (Gulo gulo)
woodrat, riparian (Neotoma fuscipes riparia)
What is a Mammal?
Vertebrate
Mammary glands
Hair (fur)
Placental, Marsupial and Monotreme
Origins: Synapsids in Permian (290-248mya)to
oldest true mammals 220 mya in Triassic.
Synapsids: Dimetrodon
Synapsids = proto-mammals
Carboniferous to Permian
A few non-mammalian
survivors in the Cretaceous
Lateral temporal fossa
7 cervical vertebrae
Evolutionary
Chronology
Monotremes
Marsupials
Placental Mammals
Big
Evoluitionary
Picture
Mammal lineage
Cryptodontian Therapsid
Mammals have only one jaw bone
Crytodont has 2 jaw bones; reptiles have
3 jaw bones.
Mammals have 2 occipital condyles
Mammals have Temporal fossa
Turbinate bones in nasal cavity
Mammalian Branch of Evolutionary Tree
Sauropods (reptiles, birds, archosaurs)
Aminotes
Casids
Synapsids
Edaphosaurids
Eupelycosaurs
Sphenacodontids
Sphenacodontians
Therapids
Mammals
Mammalia
Phylogenetic
Tree
Early Key Innovations
Internal fetal development
Placenta