San J ose State University

Department of Electrical Engineering

Exam III


EE 210 Spring 2008

Closed Book, Closed Notes,

Instructions: There are 5 problems. Interpretation of questions will not be
given during the exam. If you are unsure about the meaning of a question,
make an assumption, state what it is and continue.

Problem Score Possible
1 20
2 25
3 15
4 15
5 25
Total 100

Problems are weighted as shown. Please write your name and Student ID at
the bottom of this page and work all 5 problems. Show all your work. No
credit will be given for work not shown. Use back of page if necessary but
label clearly.




Last Name: First Name: ID: .

2

PROBLEM 1: (20 points)
Consider the discrete-time LTI system shown below




















a) Find the state and output equations of the system. Find A, B, C, and D matrices. (10 points)





























3
b) Find the system function ( ) H z (5points)





























c) Find difference equation relating
[ ]
x n and
[ ]
y n (5points)






















4
PROBLEM 2: (25 points)
Consider the system below

+
+
+
+
+

( )
1
q t ( )
1
q t &
3
( )
2
q t
( )
2
q t &

+
( ) y t
( ) x t


a) Find the State and output equations. Find A, B, C, and D matrices. (10 points)





























5
b) Is the system controllable? (5points)





























c) Is the system Observable? (5points)






















6
d) Find the system function ( ) H s .(5points)


7
PROBLEM 3: (15 points):
Consider a sequence

[ ] [ ] 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 x n =

a) Determine the DFT ( ) X k , using the decimation-in-time FFT algorithm or decimation-in-frequency
technique.














































8
PROBLEM 4: (15 points):
Find
n
A for

0 1
1 3
8 4
A


=

9
PROBLEM 5: (25 points)
Consider the ideal low-pass filter with frequency response
( )
1
0
c
c
H

<

=

>

The input to this filter is

( ) ( )
2t
x t e u t

=

Find the value of
c
such that this filter passes exactly one-half of the normalized energy of the
input signal ( ) x t .
(Hint: use Parseval's identity:
( ) ( )
2 2
1
2
x t dt X d

=


10

11


12



13

14


15


16

17
Trigonometric identities
e cos sin
j
j

=
( )
1
cos e e sin
2 2
j j

= + = +



( )
1
sin e e cos
2 2
j j
j

= =



2 2
sin cos 1 + =
2 2
cos sin cos2 =
( )
2
1
cos 1 cos2
2
= +
( )
2
1
sin 1 cos2
2
=
( )
3
1
cos 3cos cos3
4
= +
( )
3
1
sin 3sin sin3
4
=
( ) sin sin cos sin cos =
( ) cos cos cos sin sin = m
( )
tan tan
tan
1 tan tan

=
m

( ) ( )
1
sin sin cos cos
2
= +


( ) ( )
1
cos cos cos cos
2
= + +


( ) ( )
1
sin cos sin sin
2
= + +


sin sin 2sin cos
2 2


+
+ =
cos cos 2cos cos
2 2


+
+ =
cos cos 2sin sin
2 2


+
=
2 2 1
cos sin cos tan
B
A B A B
A



+ = +



( )
1
sinh e e
2

=
( )
1
cosh e e
2

= +
18
sinh
tanh
cosh

=
2 2
cosh sinh 1 =
cosh sinh e

+ =
cosh sinh e

=
( ) sinh sinh cosh cosh sinh =
( ) cosh cosh cosh sinh sinh =
( )
tanh tanh
tanh
1 tanh tanh

( )
2
1
sinh cosh2 1
2
=
( )
2
1
cosh cosh2 1
2
= +
19
Exponential and logarithmic Functions
Special Functions
ln ln ln = +
ln ln ln

=
ln ln

=
ln is the inverse of [ ] exp ; that is,
[ ] exp ln = and [ ]
1 1
exp ln exp ln


= =



log ln M = , log 0.4343 M e =
1
ln log
M
= ,
1
2.3026
M

log is the inverse of 10

; that is,
log
10

= and
log
1
10

ln
( ) exp

Special Functions
( )
1
0
e
t
t dt

( ) ( ) 1 + =
( ) 1 ! k k + = , 0,1,2,... k =
1
2


=



Incomplete Gamma Functions
( )
1
0
, e
t
I t dt

( )
1
, e
t
Q t dt

( ) ( ) ( ) , , I Q = +




20
Beta Functions
( ) ( )
1
1
1
0
, 1
v
v t t dt

, 0 > , 0 v >
( )
( ) ( )
( )
,
v
v
v

=
+

Power-Series Expansion
( )
( )
2
1
1 1
2!
n
k n
n n n
x nx x x x
k

+ = + + + + + +


L L
2
1 1
e 1
2! !
x n
x x x
n
= + + + + + L L
( ) ( )
2 2
1
ln 1 1
2 3
n
n x x x
x x
n
+
+ = + + L L, 1 x <
( )
( )
3 5 2 1
sin 1
3! 5! 2 1 !
n
n x x x
x x
n
+
= + + + +
+
L L
( )
( )
2 4 6 2
cos 1 1
2! 4! 6! 2 !
n
n x x x x
x
n
= + + + + L L
3
5
2
tan
3 15
x
x x x = + + + + L
( ) ( )
2
ln ln
1 ln
2! !
n
x
x a x a
a x a
n
= + + + + + L L
( )
3 5 2 1
sinh
3! 3! 2 1!
n
x x x
x x
n
+
= + + + + +
+
L L
( )
2 4 2
cosh 1
2! 4! 2 !
n
x x x
x
n
= + + + + + L L
( )
( ) ( )( )
2 3
1 1 2
1 1
2! 3!
a
a a a a a
x ax x x

+ = + + + +L, 1 x <
Sums of Powers of Natural Numbers where a is negative or a
fraction.
( ) ( )
1 1
2 3 1
0
1 1 1
k
k
k
x x x x x

=
+ = + + =

L
( )
1
2 3 4
2
1 11 113 1135
1 1
2 24 246 2468
x x x x x + = + + +L
21
Sums of Powers of Natural Numbers
( )
1
1
2
N
k
N N
k
=
+
=

( )( )
2
1
1 2 1
6
N
k
N N N
k
=
+ +
=

( )
2
2
3
1
1
4
N
k
N N
k
=
+
=

( )( )( )
4 2
1
1
1 2 1 3 3 1
30
N
k
k N N N N N
=
= + + +

( ) ( )
2
5 2 2
1
1
1 2 2 1
12
N
k
k N N N N
=
= + +

( )( )( )
6 4 3
1
1
1 2 1 3 6 3 1
42
N
k
k N N N N N N
=
= + + + +

( ) ( )
2
7 2 4 3 2
1
1
1 3 6 4 2
24
N
k
k N N N N N N
=
= + + +

( )
2
1
2 1
N
k
k N
=
=

( ) ( )
2
2
1
1
2 1 4 1
3
N
k
k N N
=
=

( ) ( )
3
2 2
1
2 1 2 1
N
k
k N N
=
=

( ) ( )( )( )
2
1
1
1 1 2 3 5
12
N
k
k k N N N N
=
+ = + + +

( ) ( )
1
! 1! 1
N
k
k k N
=
= +

Sums of Bionomial Coefficients
0
1
1
m
k
n k n m
n n
=
+ + +
=

+

1
1 2
2 4
n
n
n



+ + + =



L
1
2
1 5 3
n
n n
n



+ + + =



L
( )
( )
( )
1
0
1 2 2
N
N
k
N
k n
k

=

+ = +

22
( ) ( )
0
1 1 !
N
k N
N
k
N
k N
k
=

=

0 N
2
0
2
N
k
N N
k N
=

=

Series of Exponentials
1
0
1
1
N N
n
n
a
a
a
+
=

, 1 a
0
0, 1 1
2
exp
, 0,
N
n
k N
kn
j
N k N N

=


=


=

0
1
1
n
n
a
a

=
=

, 1 a <
( )
2
0
1
1
n
n
na
a

=
=

, 1 a <
( )
2
2
3
0 1
n
n
a a
n a
a

=
+
=

, 1 a <
Definite Integrals
2
exp x dx

=


2
0
1
exp
2
x dx

=


2
0
1
exp
2
x dx

=


1
0
!
exp[ ] , 0
n
n
n
x x dx

+
= >

2 2
3
0
1
exp[ ]
4
x x dx

2 2
0
exp[ ]cos , 0 x x dx

= >
+

2 2
0
exp[ ]sin , 0 x x dx

= >
+

2 2
0
1
exp[ ]cos exp[ ( ) ]
2 2
x x dx

23
0
sin
sgn
2
x
dx
x

2
0
1 cos
, 0
2
x
dx
x

0
1 cos sin
, 0, , 0
( )
x
dx real b
x x

= >

0
cos cos
ln , 0, 0
x x
dx
x

= > >

2
0
sin sin
ln , 0, 0
x x
dx
x

= > >

2
0
cos cos ( )
, 0, 0
2
x x
dx
x

2 2
0
2
dx
x

=
+

0
sin(2 1)
sin
n x
dx
x

0
sin2
0
sin
nx
dx
x

2
0
sin(2 1)
sin 2
n x
dx
x

1 2
0
sin2 1 1 ( 1)
1 ...
sin 3 5 2 1
n
nx
dx
x n

= + +

0
cos(2 1)
( 1)
cos
n
n x
dx
x

+
=

2
0
sin2 cos
sin 2
nx x
dx
x

2
0
(1 cos ) sin 0
n
x nx dx

2
1
0
(1 cos ) cos ( 1)
2
n n
n
x nx dx

0
0,
sin cos
, , odd sin
0, ,
n m
nx mx
dx
n m m n x
n m m n

=

> +

= > +

24
INDEFINITE INTEGRALS
u dv uv v du =


1
1
, 1
1
n n
x dx x C n
n
+
= +
+

x x
e dx e C = +

2
1
( 1)
ax ax
x e dx ax e C
a
= +

1
1
n ax n ax n ax
n
x e dx x e x e dx
a a

=


ln
dx
x C
x
= +

ln ln x dx x x x C = +

1
2
ln [( 1)ln 1]
( 1)
n
n
x
x x dx n x C
n
+
= + +
+

1
lnln
ln
dx x C
x x
= +

cos sin x dx x C = +

sin cos x dx x C = +

2
sec tan x dx x C = +

2
csc cot x dx x C = +

tan lnsec x dx x C = +

cot lnsin x dx x C = +

sec lnsec tan x dx x x C = + +

csc ln csc cot x dx x x C = +

sec tan sec x x dx x C = +

csc cot csc x x dx x C = +

2
1 1
sin sin2
2 4
x dx x x C = +

2
1 1
cos sin2
2 4
x dx x x C = + +

2
tan tan x dx x x C = +

2
cot cot x dx x x C = +

3 2
1
sin (2 sin )cos
3
x dx x x C = + +

25
3 2
1
cos (2 cos ) sin
3
x dx x x C = + +

1 2
1 1
sin sin cos sin
n n n
n
x dx x x x dx
n n

= +


1 2
1 1
cos cos sin cos
n n n
n
x dx x x x dx
n n

= +


sin sin cos x x dx x x x C = +

cos cos sin x x dx x x x C = + +

1
sin cos cos
n n n
x x dx x x n x x dx

= +


1
cos sin sin
n n n
x x dx x x n x x dx

=


sinh cosh x dx x C = +

cosh sinh x dx x C = +

tanh lncosh x dx x C = +

coth ln tanh x dx x C = +

1
sech tan sinh x dx x C

= +

csch ln tanh x dx x C = +

2
sech tanh x dx x C = +

2
csch coth x dx x C = +

sech tanh sech x x dx x C = +

csch coth csch x x dx x C = +

2
1
( ln )
x dx
a bx a x C
a bx b
= + +
+

2
2 2
3
1
[( ) 4 ( ) 2 ln ]
2
x dx
a bx a a bx a a bx C
a bx b
= + + + + +
+

1
ln
( )
dx x
C
x a bx a a bx
= +
+ +

2 2
2 2
ln
dx
x x a C
x a
= + +

2 2
2
2 2 2
dx x a
C
a x
x x a

= +

3
2 2 2
2 2
2
( )
dx x
C
a x a
x a
= +

1
2 2
1
tan
dx x
C
a x a a

= +
+

2 2
2 2
ln
dx
x a x C
a x
= + + +
+

26
2 2
2 2
1
ln
dx a x a
C
a x
x a x
+ +
= +
+

2 2
2
2 2 2
dx a x
C
a x
x a x
+
= +
+

3
2 2 2
2 2
2
( )
dx x
C
a a x
a x
= +
+
+

1
2 2
sin
dx x
C
a
a x

= +

1
2
cos
2
dx a x
C
a
ax x

= +

2 1
2
2 cos
2
x dx a x
ax x a C
a
ax x

= + +

2
2
2
2
dx ax x
C
ax
x ax x

= +

1
2 2
1
sec
dx x
C
a a
x x a

= +

2
2 2 1
2 2 cos
2 2
x a a a x
ax x dx ax x C
a

= + +

2 2 2
2 2 1
2 3
2 2 cos
2 2
x ax a a a x
x ax x dx ax x C
a

= + +