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Ram and Rom Chips

RAM is the main memory of a computer system. It uses a bidirectional data bus to allow transfer of data between memory and the CPU. The RAM chip described has a capacity of 128 bytes using a 7-bit address and 8-bit data bus. ROM can only read data and has a larger storage capacity than RAM for the same chip size, so the example shows a 512 byte ROM chip using 9 address lines. A memory address map is used to assign addresses to RAM and ROM chips to distinguish between them and access the different memory locations in the system.

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252 views10 pages

Ram and Rom Chips

RAM is the main memory of a computer system. It uses a bidirectional data bus to allow transfer of data between memory and the CPU. The RAM chip described has a capacity of 128 bytes using a 7-bit address and 8-bit data bus. ROM can only read data and has a larger storage capacity than RAM for the same chip size, so the example shows a 512 byte ROM chip using 9 address lines. A memory address map is used to assign addresses to RAM and ROM chips to distinguish between them and access the different memory locations in the system.

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hardikbhandari12
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MANINDER KAUR

prof es s ormani nder@gmai l . c om


RAM and ROM Chips
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RAM Chip
RAM is the main memory.
It has bidirectional data bus that allows the transfer of data either
from memory to CPU during a read operation or from CPU to
memory during a write operation.
The capacity of the memory is 128 words of eight bits (one byte) per
word.
This requires a 7-bit address and an 8-bit bidirectional data bus.

The read and write inputs specify the memory operation and the
two chip select (CS) control inputs are for enabling the chip only
when it is selected by the processor.
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ROM Chip
ROM can only read, the data bus can only be in an output
mode.
For the same size chip, it is possible to have more bits of
ROM than of RAM, because the internal binary cells in
ROM occupy less space than in RAM.
For this reason, the diagram specifies a 512 byte ROM,
while the RAM has only 128 bytes.
The nine address lines in the ROM chip specify any one
of the 512 bytes stored in it.
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ROM Chip
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Memory Address Map
A memory address map, is a pictorial representation of
assigned address space for each chip in the system.
Let us assume that a computer system needs 512 bytes of
RAM and 512 bytes of ROM
The RAM chips have 128 bytes and need seven address lines.
The ROM chip has 512 bytes and needs 9 address lines.
The Xs are always assigned to the low order bus lines: lines 1
through 7 for the RAM and lines 1 through 9 for the ROM. It is
now necessary to distinguish between 4 RAM chips by
assigning to each a different address.
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MEMORY CONNECTION TO CPU
The configuration gives a memory capacity of 512
bytes of RAM and 512 bytes of ROM.
The particular RAM chip selected is determined from
lines 8 and 9 in the address bus. This is done
through a 2 x 4 decoder whose outputs goes to the
CS
1
inputs in each RAM chip.
The selection between RAM and ROM is achieved
through bus line 10.
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