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Introduction To Laplace Transform

This document provides an introduction to using the Laplace transform and step functions. It defines the step function mathematically as being equal to 0 for times less than a given point and equal to the constant K for times after. Step functions can model discontinuities that occur in signals, such as abrupt changes in voltages and currents. The document demonstrates using step functions in MATLAB to plot a triangular wave signal as an example of how step functions can be used to model real-world signals.

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Matt Imri
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36 views2 pages

Introduction To Laplace Transform

This document provides an introduction to using the Laplace transform and step functions. It defines the step function mathematically as being equal to 0 for times less than a given point and equal to the constant K for times after. Step functions can model discontinuities that occur in signals, such as abrupt changes in voltages and currents. The document demonstrates using step functions in MATLAB to plot a triangular wave signal as an example of how step functions can be used to model real-world signals.

Uploaded by

Matt Imri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO LAPLACE TRANSFORM

(A Review of Signals)
Experiment no. ______
I. OBJECTIVES
1. To illustrate basic signals by the use of MATLAB simple
programming.
II. INTRODUCTION
We encounter functions that have a continuity, or jump, at the
origin. For example, from our discussion of transients behavior, that
switching operations create abrupt changes in currents and voltages.
We can accommodate these discontinuities mathematically by
introducing the step and impulse functions.
Mathematically, a step function is defined by
Ku (t ) 0
Ku (t ) K

t 0;
t 0;

and is illustrated in Figure 1a.


If K = 1, the function is called the unit step. The step function is not
defined at t = 0. Approximation is done to solve this situation. A
discontinuity may occur at some time other than t = 0. A step that
occurs at t = a is expressed as
Ku (t a ) 0,

Ku (t a ) K ,

ta

t a.

and is illustrated in Figure 1(b).


A step function equal to K for t < a is written as Ku(a t). Thus
Ku (a t ) K ;
Ku (a t ) 0,

t a;
t a.

The discontinuity is to the left of the origin when a < 0. The illustration
is on Figure 1(c).

III. Tools and Equipment


(1)PC with MATLAB
IV. Procedure
1. Example illustrating the step function is given in Figure 1. Solving
the slopes and equations of lines gives

Figure 1 A Triangular Wave using Step Function to Plot


figure('Units', 'normalized',...
'Color', [1 1 1],...
'Position', [0.09 0.0595 0.8 0.8],...
'Name', 'Using Step Function to form Triangular Wave',...
'Numbertitle', 'off')
t = -1:0.0001:5;
f = 2*t.*(u(t) - u(t - 1)) + (-2*t + 4).*(u(t - 1) - u(t - 3)) + (2*t - 8).*(u(t 3) - u(t - 4));
plot(t, f,'linewidth', 2), grid on
title('Illustrated functions using Step Function')
xlabel('t')
ylabel('f(t)')
axis([-0.5 4.5 -2.5 2.5])

V. QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS TO PONDER


1. Use MATLAB and step functions to illustrate the following plot.

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