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SWT - Lecture 8 - (Supplement W3C Tutorial)

DATA INTEGRATION and INTEROPERABILITY USING the Semantic Web Adapted from W3C Tutoriad f o the Semantic Web by ti Web b Ivan Herman. Queries not possible on the individ id al data sets dual data sets.

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73 views

SWT - Lecture 8 - (Supplement W3C Tutorial)

DATA INTEGRATION and INTEROPERABILITY USING the Semantic Web Adapted from W3C Tutoriad f o the Semantic Web by ti Web b Ivan Herman. Queries not possible on the individ id al data sets dual data sets.

Uploaded by

api-19981384
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: INTEROPERABILITY AND

DATA INTEGRATION USING THE SEMANTIC WEB

BY AMNA BASHARAT
7TH FEBRU
UARY, 2009

Adapted from W3C Tutori
Ad ted f o  W3C T to ial on the Semantic Web by 
i l o  the Se ti  Web b  
Ivan Herman, W3C
(Last update: 0
04 February 2009)
THE ROUGH STRUCTUREE OF DATA INTEGRATION
™Map the various data onto
o an abstract data 
representation
™ make the data independent of its  internal representation…
™Merge the resulting repre
g g p sentations
™Start making queries on th
he whole!
™ q eries not possible on the indi id
queries not possible on the individ
d al data sets
dual data sets

Copyright © 2009, W3C (2


2)
A SIMPLIFIED BOOK STORRE DATA (DATASET “A”)
ID Author Title Publisher Year
ISBN0-00-651409-X id_xyz The Gla
ass Palace id_qpr 2000

ID Name Home P Page


id_xyz Ghosh, Amitav http://ww
ww.amitavghosh.com

ID Publ. Name
Publ City
id_qpr Harpers Collins London

Copyright © 2009, W3C (3


3)
ST
1 : EXPORT YOUR DATA
A AS A SET OF RELATIONS

Copyright © 2009, W3C (4


4)
SOME NOTES ON THE EXPORTING THE DATA
™Data export does not necessarily mean physical 
conversion of the data
™ relations can be generated on‐the
e‐fly at query time
™via SQL “bridges”
™scraping HTML pages

™extracting data from Excel sheets

™etc.

™ One can export part of the d
 data

Copyright © 2009, W3C (5


5)
ANOTHER BOOK STOREE DATA (DATASET “F”)
A B C D E

1 ID Titre Auteur Traducteur Original


ISBN0 2020386682 Le Palais A7 A8 ISBN-0-00-651409-X
des
2
miroirs
3
4
5

6 Nom
7 Ghosh, Amitav
8 Besse, Christianne

Copyright © 2009, W3C (6


6)
ND
2 : EXPORT YOUR SECOND
S SET OF DATA

Copyright © 2009, W3C (7


7)
RD
3 : START MERG
GING YOUR DATA

Copyright © 2009, W3C (8


8)
RD
3 : START MERGING YOUR DATA (CONT.)

Copyright © 2009, W3C (9


9)
RD
3 : MERGE IDENT
TICAL RESOURCES

Copyright © 2009, W3C (10)


START MAKIN
NG QUERIES…
™ User of data “F” can now assk queries like:
™ “give me the title of the original”
™ This information is not in th
he dataset “F”…
™ …but can be retrieved by m
but can be retrieved by m
merging with dataset  A !
merging with dataset “A”!

Copyright © 2009, W3C (11)


HOWEVER, MORE CAN
C BE ACHIEVED…
™We “feel” that a:author and f:auteur
a should be 
the same
™ But an automatic merge does not know that!
™ Let us add some extra inforrmation to the merged data:
™ a:author same as f:auteur
™ both identify a “Person”
™ a term that a community may have
e already defined:
™a  Person  is uniquely identified by h
a “Person” is uniquely identified by h
 his/her name and  say  homepage
 his/her name and, say, homepage
™it can be used as a “category” for cer
rtain type of resources

Copyright © 2009, W3C (12)


3RD REVISITED: USE TH
HE EXTRA KNOWLEDGE

Copyright © 2009, W3C (13)


START MAKING RICHER
R QUERIES!
™ User of dataset “F” can now
w query:
™ “give me the home page of the orriginal’s author”
™ The information is not in daatasets “F” or “A”…
™ …but was made available b
but was made available b
by:
™ merging datasets “A” and datasetts “F”
™ adding three simple extra stateme
ents as an extra “glue”

Copyright © 2009, W3C (14)


COMBINE WITH DIFFFERENT DATASETS
Via, e.g., the “Person”, the d
™  dataset can be combined 
with other sources
™For example, data in Wikipe
edia can be extracted using 
dedicated tools

Copyright © 2009, W3C (15)


MERGE WITH WIKIPEDIA DATA

Copyright © 2009, W3C (16)


MERGE WITH WIKIPEDIA DATA

Copyright © 2009, W3C (17)


MERGE WITH WIKIPEDIA DATA

Copyright © 2009, W3C (18)


IS THAT SU
URPRISING?
™ It may look like it but, in facct, it should not be…
™What happened via automa
pp atic means is done every day 
y y
by Web users!
™The difference: a bit of extrra rigour so that machines 
could do this, too

Copyright © 2009, W3C (19)


WHAT DID
D WE DO?
™ We combined different dataasets that
™ are somewhere on the web
™ are of different formats (mysql, ex
xcel sheet, XHTML, etc)
™ have different names for relationss
™We could combine the data because some URI‐s were 
identical (the ISBN‐s in this c
 case)
™We could add some simple a
 additional information (the 
“glue”), also using common 
g ue ), a so us g co o  terminologies that a 
te o og es t at a
community has produced
™ As a result  new relations co
As a result, new relations co
ould be found and retrieved

Copyright © 2009, W3C (20)


IT COULD BECOME EVVEN MORE POWERFUL
™ We could add extra knowledge to the merged datasets
™ e.g., a full classification of variouss types of library data
™ geographical information
™ etc.
™ This is where ontologies, ex
xtra rules, etc, come in
™ontologies/rule sets can be relativ
g / vely simple and small, or huge, or 
y p , g ,
anything in between…
™ Even more powerful querie
es can be asked as a result

Copyright © 2009, W3C (21)


WHAT DID WEE DO? (CONT)

Copyright © 2009, W3C (22)


THE ABSTRACTION PA
AYS OFF BECAUSE…
™… the graph representation
n is independent of the 
exact structures
™… a change in local databasse schema’s, XHTML 
structures, etc, do not affect
, , t the whole
™ “schema independence”
™ … new data, new connectio
ons can be added seamlessly

Copyright © 2009, W3C (23)


THE NETWO
ORK EFFECT
™ Through URI‐s we can link a
 any data to any data
™ The “network effect” is exttended to the (Web) data
( )
™ “Mashup on steroids” beco
ome possible

™ Very important to understa
y p nd the Network Effect.
™ Read the paper:
™Metcalfe's Law, Web 2.0, and t
M t lf '  L  W b 2 0   d t   he Semantic Web
h  S ti  W b
™Will be included in the Mids I

Copyright © 2009, W3C (24)


So where is the  Semantic Web?

The Semantic  Web provides 
technologies to make such integration 
posssible! 

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