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Mysql Cheat Sheet

This document provides an overview of common SQL commands for interacting with MySQL databases, including how to select, create, populate, and modify databases and tables. Key commands covered are for selecting databases, listing databases and tables, describing table formats, creating and loading data into databases and tables, retrieving and filtering data, sorting results, performing calculations on dates, pattern matching, counting rows, grouping data, joining tables, and backing up databases.

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rhazes
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
225 views

Mysql Cheat Sheet

This document provides an overview of common SQL commands for interacting with MySQL databases, including how to select, create, populate, and modify databases and tables. Key commands covered are for selecting databases, listing databases and tables, describing table formats, creating and loading data into databases and tables, retrieving and filtering data, sorting results, performing calculations on dates, pattern matching, counting rows, grouping data, joining tables, and backing up databases.

Uploaded by

rhazes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Selecting a database:

mysql> USE database;


Listing databases:
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
Listing tables in a db:
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
Describing the format of a table:
mysql> DESCRIBE table;
Creating a database:
mysql> CREATE DATABASE db_name;
Creating a table:
mysql> CREATE TABLE table_name (field1_name TYPE(SIZE), field2_name TYPE(SIZE));
Ex: mysql> CREATE TABLE pet (name VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE);
Load tab-delimited data into a table:
mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "infile.txt" INTO TABLE table_name;
(Use \n for NULL)
Inserting one row at a time:
mysql> INSERT INTO table_name VALUES ('MyName', 'MyOwner', '2002-08-31');
(Use NULL for NULL)
Retrieving information (general):
mysql> SELECT from_columns FROM table WHERE conditions;
All values: SELECT * FROM table;
Some values: SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec_name = "value";
Multiple critera: SELECT * FROM TABLE WHERE rec1 = "value1" AND rec2 = "value2";
Reloading a new data set into existing table:
mysql> SET AUTOCOMMIT=1; # used for quick recreation of table
mysql> DELETE FROM pet;
mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "infile.txt" INTO TABLE table;
Fixing all records with a certain value:
mysql> UPDATE table SET column_name = "new_value" WHERE record_name = "value";
Selecting specific columns:
mysql> SELECT column_name FROM table;
Retrieving unique output records:
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table;
Sorting:
mysql> SELECT col1, col2 FROM table ORDER BY col2;
Backwards: SELECT col1, col2 FROM table ORDER BY col2 DESC;
Date calculations:
mysql> SELECT CURRENT_DATE, (YEAR(CURRENT_DATE)-YEAR(date_col)) AS time_diff [FR
OM table];
MONTH(some_date) extracts the month value and DAYOFMONTH() extracts day.
Pattern Matching:
mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec LIKE "blah%";
(% is wildcard - arbitrary # of chars)
Find 5-char values: SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec like "_____";
(_ is any single character)
Extended Regular Expression Matching:
mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec RLIKE "^b$";
(. for char, [...] for char class, * for 0 or more instances
^ for beginning, {n} for repeat n times, and $ for end)
(RLIKE or REGEXP)
To force case-sensitivity, use "REGEXP BINARY"
Counting Rows:
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table;
Grouping with Counting:
mysql> SELECT owner, COUNT(*) FROM table GROUP BY owner;
(GROUP BY groups together all records for each 'owner')
Selecting from multiple tables:
(Example)
mysql> SELECT pet.name, comment FROM pet, event WHERE pet.name = event.name;
(You can join a table to itself to compare by using 'AS')
Currently selected database:
mysql> SELECT DATABASE();
Maximum value:
mysql> SELECT MAX(col_name) AS label FROM table;
Auto-incrementing rows:
mysql> CREATE TABLE table (number INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name CHAR(10) NOT
NULL);
mysql> INSERT INTO table (name) VALUES ("tom"),("dick"),("harry");
Adding a column to an already-created table:
mysql> ALTER TABLE tbl ADD COLUMN [column_create syntax] AFTER col_name;
Removing a column:
mysql> ALTER TABLE tbl DROP COLUMN col;
(Full ALTER TABLE syntax available at mysql.com.)
Batch mode (feeding in a script):
# mysql -u user -p < batch_file
(Use -t for nice table layout and -vvv for command echoing.)
Alternatively: mysql> source batch_file;
Backing up a database with mysqldump:
# mysqldump --opt -u username -p database > database_backup.sql
(Use 'mysqldump --opt --all-databases > all_backup.sql' to backup everything.)
(More info at MySQL's docs.)

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