SITI HAJAR BT MD SELIMAN

NUR AZZATI BT MANAP

TIARA BALQIS BT YOEP AHMAD
Solving mathematics problems are activities
involving problems in the form of
mathematics language, including mechanical
problems, puzzles, quiz and the use of
mathematics skills in actual situations.
According to Lester, a prominent
mathematician in the 1970s, defined
problem-solving as : Problem involving a
situation whereby an individual or a group is
required to carry out the working solution.
In doing so, they have to determine the
strategy and method of problem-solving
first, before implementing the working
solution.
The strategy of problem solving needs a set
of activities which will lead to the problem-
solving process.

Contains elements which can be found in the
environment
Its solution needs proper strategy in planning,
including selection of suitable methods for
problem-solving.
Proper strategy in planning and selection of
suitable method depend on the pupils acquired
knowledge and experience as well as
understanding of the relevant problem.
The ability of problem-solving is closely related
to the pupils level of cognitive development, at
least at its application level.

The way used for problem-solving cannot be
memorized as In the case of reciting
mathematics formula or solving mechanical
question by means of memorization. Every
mathematics problem ought to have its own
specific solution.
The method of problem-solving may consist
of more than one approach.
The process of problem-solving needs to
implement by means of a set of systematic
activities.
The process of problem-solving needs to
apply mathematics skills, concepts or
principles which have been learned and
mastered.

In the other words, Understanding the
Problem can be explain by this question :
1.Can you state the problem in your own
words?
2.What are you trying to find or do?
3.What are the unknowns?
4.What information do you obtain from the
problem?
5.What information, if any, is missing or not
needed?

Guess and check
Make an orderly list
Eliminate possibilities
Use symmetry
Consider special cases
Use direct reasoning
Solve an equation
Look for a pattern
Draw a picture
Solve a simpler problem
Use a model
Work backward
Use a formula
Here are some tips to use:
Implement the strategy in Step 2 and perform
any necessary actions or computations.
Check each step of the plan as you proceed.
This may be intuitive checking or a formal
proof of each step..
Keep an accurate record of your work. Can you
see clearly that the step is correct? Can you
prove that it is correct?

A partial list of strategies is included:
Check the results in the original problem. In
some cases, this will require a proof.
Interpret the solution in terms of the original
problem. Does your answer make sense? Is it
reasonable?
Determine whether there is another method of
finding the solution.
If possible, determine other related or more
general problems for which the techniques will
work.
Non routine problem solving is stresses the
use of heuristics and often requires little to
no use of algorithms.
Actually, Non-routine problem is a unique
problem-solving which requires the
application of skills, concepts or principles
which have been learned and mastered.
Method for solving non-routine problem in
mathematics is different from answering
mechanical question.
To identify
the problem
To look for
clues/
information
To set up
hypothesis
To test the
hypothesis
To evaluate
and record
final
conclusion
How many addition signs should be put
between digits of the number 987654321 and
where should we put them to get a total of
99?

1) UNDERSTAND:
What do you need to find?
You need to know that how many addition
signs.
2) PLAN:
How can you solve the problem?
1.a) Guess and Check
You can guess and check



3) SOLVE:
First Guess:
9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1 = 45
Second Guess:
98+76+54+3+2+1=23
Third Guess:
9+8+7+6+5+43+2+1 = 81
Forth Guess:
9+8+7+65+4+3+2+1=99
These numbers do work!
ANSWER: 7 addition signs

+ + + + + + + =



9

8

7

65


4

3 2 1 99
7 addtion signs get 99
4) LOOK BACK
Determine whether the total number
addition signs recalculated.
Every purpose is applied in order to find
number of addition signs

I strongly belief that guess and check is the
best strategy to solve the questions one. As
the results, they can easily answer the
question.
Besides that, this strategy is easy to carry
out.. Sometimes, we are lack of ideas on
how the question can act. The conclusion,
guess and check strategy is the best strategy
because it easier to be carry out.


How many ways to get the total 0f 20 using
the number 54321

1)UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM
Use number 54321
How many ways

2)PLANNING A SOLUTION
How can you solve the problem?
Guess and Check Strategy
You can use guess and check strategy to help
you find all the different ways.

3)FINDING THE ANSWER
First Guess:
(5x2+3x4)+1 =23
Second Guess:
(5x3-1/2)+4=11
Third Guess:
(5x4)-3+2+1=20
These numbers do work!
ANSWER: 4 ways

4) LOOK BACK
Determine whether the ways get the asnwer.

If Jane is older than Kim, Kim is older than
Shawn. Shawn is younger than Jane and
Rachel is older than Jane .List the people
from oldest to youngest.

1) UNDERSTAND:
What do you need to find?
You need to list the people from oldest to
youngest.

2) PLAN:
How can you solve the problem?

2.a) construct a table
You can Solve a construct a table to find the
answer.

name kim jane
rachel shawn
first

Second
Third
forth

The aswer : Rachel,jane,kim and shawn
Rachel Jane Kim Shawn


ANSWER = Rachel,jane,kim and shawn

4) LOOK BACK
Determine list the people from oldest to
youngest.
In my opinion, draw a diagram strategy is the
most suitable strategy to use . It is because
the strategy are easier to understands and to
carry out the question. Moreover, student
can get the answer the questions directly.
The conclusion is, draw a diagram strategy is
the most suitable strategy for the questions
two.

If Ali is taller than Abu, Abu is taller than
Ahmad. Ahmad is shorter than Ali and Akmal
is taller than Ali .List the people from taller
to shorter.
1)UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM
What do you need to find?
You need to find how many number of faces,
edges and vertices.
2)PLANNING A SOLUTION
How can you solve the problem?
Make a Diagram.You can draw diagram
strategy to help you find all the different
ways.

Akmal Ali Abu Ahmad


Answer: Akmal,Ali,Abu,Ahmad

4) LOOK BACK
Determine whether the answer was accepted
Question: Judy is taking pictures of Jim,
Karen and Mike. She asks them, " How many
different ways could you three children stand
in a line?"

1) UNDERSTAND:
What do you need to know?
You need to know that any of the students
can be first, second or third.
2) PLAN:
How can you solve the problem?
3.a) Make a List
You can make a list to help you find all the
different ways. Choose one student to be
first, and another to be second. The last one
will be third.

3) SOLVE:
When you make your list, you will notice that
there are 2 ways for Jim to be first, 2 ways
for Karen to be first and 2 ways for Mike to
be first.

First Second Third
Jim Karen Mike
Jim Mike Karen
Karen Jim Mike
Karen Mike Jim
Mike Karen Jim
Mike Jim Karen
ANSWER
there are 6 ways that the children could stand in line.
Firstly, let say start with:
Jim, follow by Karen and lastly is Mike
Karen, follow by Jim and lastly is Mike
Mike, follow by Karen and lastly is Jim
But, there have another ways that the children
could stand in line,so eliminate this step.
Jim, follow by Mike and lastly is Karen
Karen, follow by Mike and lastly is Jim
Mike, follow by Jim and lastly is Karen.
ANSWER * Thats mean there are 6 ways that the
children could stand in line.

4) LOOK BACK
Determine whether the three children stand
in a line
Every purpose is applied in order to find ways
that the children could stand in line.
For this question, make a list strategy is the
most suitable strategy to solve the questions.
We will face the problems which is unable to
determine the answer accurately when we
use eliminate possibilities strategy. So, to
make the question easily to solve and we can
understand most on how to carry out the
questions, make a list strategy is the most
suitable to it.


Theres only one bicycle at the Perlis
matriculation collage that Sara, Tirah and
Ezzaty can borrow. How many times could
each of them borrow the bicycle?

1) UNDERSTANING THE PROBLEM
What do you need to know?
You need to know that any of the students
can be first, second or third.
2) PLANING A SOLUTION
How can you solve the problem?
You can make a list to help you find all the
times they can borrow the bicycle. Choose
one student to be first, and another to be
second. The last one will be third.
3) FINDING THE ANSWER
When you make your list, you will notice
that there are 2 times for Sara to be first, 2
times for Tirah to be first and 2 times for
Ezzaty to be first.

First Second Third
Sara Tirah Ezzaty
Sara Ezzaty Tirah
Tirah Sara Ezzaty
Tirah Ezzaty Sara
Ezzaty Tirah Sara
Ezzaty Sara Tirah
So, there are 6 times that the students could borrow the bicycle.

4) LOOK BACK
Determine whether the combination

In my opinion, draw a diagram strategy is the
most suitable strategy to use . it is because
the strategy are easier to understands and to
carry out the question. Moreover, student
can get the answer the questions directly.
The conclusion is, draw a diagram strategy is
the most suitable strategy.