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Application of Sublimation As General Method of Purification

There are two main limitations to using sublimation as a purification method. First, the substance must be able to change directly from solid to gas without passing through the liquid phase. Large molecules or ionic substances cannot typically be purified this way. Second, the vapor pressure of the target substance needs to be significantly different than the impurities so that only the target substance transfers to the gas phase. A good extraction solvent should strongly solubilize the compound of interest while being immiscible with the original solvent containing the compound. It should also be non-toxic, volatile, inexpensive, and pure while having minimal optical absorption at analytical wavelengths.

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2K views1 page

Application of Sublimation As General Method of Purification

There are two main limitations to using sublimation as a purification method. First, the substance must be able to change directly from solid to gas without passing through the liquid phase. Large molecules or ionic substances cannot typically be purified this way. Second, the vapor pressure of the target substance needs to be significantly different than the impurities so that only the target substance transfers to the gas phase. A good extraction solvent should strongly solubilize the compound of interest while being immiscible with the original solvent containing the compound. It should also be non-toxic, volatile, inexpensive, and pure while having minimal optical absorption at analytical wavelengths.

Uploaded by

Wnz Naive
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What limitations are encountered in the application of sublimation as general method of purification?

not all compounds turn to gas in which sublimation does


Well, first your substance has to be able to be sublimed. So very large molecules or ionic substances
probably can't be purified in this way. Second, the vapor pressure of the target substance has to be
much different than the vapor pressure of the impurities, otherwise both substances will be transported
into the gas phase in roughly equal amounts and you will not achieve a good purification.
What are the properties of a good extraction solvent?
A good extraction solvent should have a strong solubilizing capability for the compound of interest, it
should be immiscible or only weakly misciblewith the matrix solvent ( the first solution or mixture
containing the compound from its natural source, e.g., water/ether. water/ chloroform, etc. If possible
the extraction solvent should be non-flammable, non-toxic or of low toxicity, reasonably volatile, and of
low eco-impact. Inexpensive and available, of high purity , and shelf stable. If one is determining the
compound of interest by UV/Vis spectrophotometry or fluorescence, the solvent should have extremely
low absobance or emission at the wavelength of analysis
To isolate caffeine from tea by solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extraction

2. To purify the product by sublimation

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