Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 963 views

    C331 S02 Test 1

    Uploaded by

    api-19827675
    1. This document contains the answer key for a chemistry exam covering topics like molecular bonding, valence electrons, VSEPR theory, polarity, acid-base chemistry, and organic nomenclature. 2. Questions involved identifying ionic and covalent bonds, drawing structural isomers, naming compounds using IUPAC rules, and explaining relative acidities based on inductive and resonance effects. 3. The last question discusses how acetaldehyde is a stronger acid than ethane due to inductive effects pulling electron density towards oxygen and the conjugate base having a resonance structure that delocalizes the negative charge onto the oxygen.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    C331 S02 Test 1

    Uploaded by

    api-19827675
    963 views7 pages
    1. This document contains the answer key for a chemistry exam covering topics like molecular bonding, valence electrons, VSEPR theory, polarity, acid-base chemistry, and organic nomenclature. 2. Questions involved identifying ionic and covalent bonds, drawing structural isomers, naming compounds using IUPAC rules, and explaining relative acidities based on inductive and resonance effects. 3. The last question discusses how acetaldehyde is a stronger acid than ethane due to inductive effects pulling electron density towards oxygen and the conjugate base having a resonance structure that delocalizes the negative charge onto the oxygen.

    Original Title

    C331_S02_test_1

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. This document contains the answer key for a chemistry exam covering topics like molecular bonding, valence electrons, VSEPR theory, polarity, acid-base chemistry, and organic nomenclature. 2. Questions involved identifying ionic and covalent bonds, drawing structural isomers, naming compounds using IUPAC rules, and explaining relative acidities based on inductive and resonance effects. 3. The last question discusses how acetaldehyde is a stronger acid than ethane due to inductive effects pulling electron density towards oxygen and the conjugate base having a resonance structure that delocalizes the negative charge onto the oxygen.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    963 views7 pages

    C331 S02 Test 1

    Uploaded by

    api-19827675
    1. This document contains the answer key for a chemistry exam covering topics like molecular bonding, valence electrons, VSEPR theory, polarity, acid-base chemistry, and organic nomenclature. 2. Questions involved identifying ionic and covalent bonds, drawing structural isomers, naming compounds using IUPAC rules, and explaining relative acidities based on inductive and resonance effects. 3. The last question discusses how acetaldehyde is a stronger acid than ethane due to inductive effects pulling electron density towards oxygen and the conjugate base having a resonance structure that delocalizes the negative charge onto the oxygen.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 7

    Unit Test #1, Chem.

    331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    1. Which molecules contain both covalent and ionic bonds?

    CH3OH Na2CO3 NH4Cl (Corrected from NH3Cl) NaCl


    Answer
    Na2CO3
    NH4Cl

    2. Carbon has how many valence electrons?


    Answer
    4

    3. Using the VSEPR model, circle the molecules in which the


    indicated atom has bond angles of about 120°.

    Answer
    I and III

    4. Which molecules are polar?

    O H H

    H C C H CH2Cl2 C C CH3OH
    C
    H H H H
    I II III IV V
    Answer
    II, III, and V

    1
    Unit Test #1, Chem. 331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    5. Nitrogen has a negative formal charge in which of the


    following compounds?

    a) NaNH2
    b) N2
    c) NH4Cl
    d) HCN
    Answer a)
    6. List the bonds in order of increasing acidity (least to most).
    C-H O-H F-H N-H
    I II III IV

    I<IV<II<III
    Follows electronegativity of atom attached to hydrogen.
    7. Circle the Bronsted-Lowry acids in the following reactions.
    H
    H3C O
    + HCL H3C O + Cl
    H
    H
    I II III IV

    H3C O
    + NaH H3C O Na + H2
    H

    V VI VII VIII
    Answer
    II, III, V, and VIII
    Remember there is always a conjugate acid to every base
    8. Arrange the following in order of increasing basicity (weakest
    to strongest).
    I. OH- II. Cl- III. H2O IV. NH3
    Need to look at conjugate acid (pKa) +
    H2O (15.7) HCl (-7) H3O (-1.74) NH4+ (9.24)
    Strongest acid to weakest acid gives weakest base to strongest
    base
    II<III<IV<I

    2
    Unit Test #1, Chem. 331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    9. Which is the stronger base if the equilibrium lies considerably to the right?

    O O
    + HCN
    C + CN C
    H OH H O

    I II III IV
    Answer
    II, if equilibrium lies towards the weakest acid its conjugate
    base will be stronger
    10. Which of the following properties are not identical for
    constitutional isomers?
    I. molecular formula
    II. molecular weight
    III. order of attachment of atoms
    IV. physical properties
    a) I, IV
    b) II, III
    c) I, II
    d) III, IV
    Answer d)
    11. Which pairs of molecules are constitutional isomers?

    Answer d). a) and b) are identical and c) is not an isomer but a


    different compound

    3
    Unit Test #1, Chem. 331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    12. Which conformation of 2-methylbutane is the most stable?

    Answer b) which has one gache interaction. a) is eclipsed,


    always a problem, and c) and d) both have two gauche interactions
    13. Which structural formulas below represent cis forms of 1,2-
    dimethylcyclohexane?

    Answer I and IV
    14. What is the classification of the indicated carbon?

    a) 1°
    b) 2°
    c) 3°
    d) 4°
    Answer c)

    4
    Unit Test #1, Chem. 331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    15. Which is the IUPAC name for the compound below?

    Answer
    trans-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane

    16. Which compounds contain stereocenters?


    I. 1-chloropentane
    II. 2-chloropentane
    III. 3-chloropentane
    IV. 1,2-dichloropentane
    Answer II, IV
    17. Give the proper IUPAC name for the following compound,
    including R or S configuration,

    3
    R
    Priorities
    2

    lowest priority is pointing


    H 4 back (how nice of me)
    Cl
    1
    Answer R-2-chlorobutane

    5
    Unit Test #1, Chem. 331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    18. For the compound 1,2-dichlorocyclopentane draw all the


    possible sterioisomers and assign them numbers 1, 2, 3, etc.
    Which isomers are chiral? Achiral? Meso? Give all the pairs of
    enantiomers and all the pairs of diasteriomers.

    1 2
    Cl Cl

    Cl Cl
    enantiomer pairs
    Chiral Chiral 1,2

    diasteriomer pairs
    1,3
    2,3
    mirror plane 3
    so achiral Cl Cl

    Cl Cl

    same compound
    MESO

    6
    Unit Test #1, Chem. 331, Summer 2002 Answer Key

    19. Account for the increased acidity of acetaldehyde over that


    of ethane in terms of inductive and resonance effects (by looking
    at the conjugate base). For all resonance contributors use the
    curvy arrows to show how to go from one contributor to the other.
    Which is the major contributor?

    C H3C
    H CH2 CH2

    H H

    acetaldehyde ethane
    pKa = 22 pKa = 51
    conjugate bases
    O

    C H3C
    H CH2 CH2 no inductive effect or
    resonance structures

    C
    H CH2

    inductive effect
    electronegativity of oxygen pulls electron density towards it, reducing the full
    negative charge on the carbon

    O O

    C C
    H CH2 H CH2
    major contributor

    Resonance
    A second resonance structure can be drawn for the acetaldehyde conjugate base.
    Again spreading the negative charge throughout the molecule. The second
    resonance structure is the major contributor as the negative charge is on the
    oxygen.

    You might also like