NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA

COURSE CODE: CTH 071

COURSE TITLE:
CHRISTIANITY IN NIGERIA
CTH 071 COURSE GUIDE
CTH 071
CHRISTIANITY IN NIGERIA
Course Developer/Writer Rev. Dr. Jaco !. O"olai
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria

Course E(itor Dr. !.O. Dairo
)ro'ra**e +ea(er Dr. Olui%i !. !(e"ale
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria
Course Co,or(i$ator Rev. Dr. Jaco !. O"olai
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria


NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA
ii
COURSE
GUIDE
CTH 071 COURSE GUIDE
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria
Hea(-uarters
1./1/ !0*a(u 1ello Wa%
2ictoria Isla$(
+a'os
!u3a O&&ice
#o. 4 Dar es Salaa* Street
O&& !*i$u 5a$o Cresce$t
Wuse II6 !u3a
#i'eria
e,*ail7 ce$trali$&o8$ou.e(u.$'
UR+7 """.$ou.e(u.$'
)ulis0e( %
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria
)ri$te( 900:
IS1#7 :7;,04;,01:,0
!ll Ri'0ts Reserve(
iii
CTH 071 COURSE GUIDE
CONTENTS PAGE
I$tro(uctio$<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<..< 1
Course !i*s<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<..... 1
Course O3ectives<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<.... 1
Wor=i$' t0rou'0 t0is Course<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 9
Course >aterials<<<<.<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 9
Stu(% U$its<<<<<<<<<<<.<<<<<<<<<< ?
Te@too=s a$( Re&ere$ces <<<<<<<<<<<<<<< ?
!ssi'$*e$t Aile<<<<<<<<.<<<<<<<<<<<. 4
)rese$tatio$ Sc0e(ule<<<<<.<<<<<<<<<<<< 4
!ssess*e$t<<<<<<<<<<..<<<<<<<<<<< 4
Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 4
Ai$al E@a*i$atio$ a$( Gra(i$'<<<<<.<<<<<<<<. /
Course >ar=i$' Sc0e*e<<<<<<<<<<.<<<<<< /
Course Overvie" <<<<<<<<<<<.<<<<<<<. /
Ho" to Get t0e >ost &ro* t0is Course<<<<<<<<<<< 7
Aacilitators/Tutors a$( Tutorials<<<<<<<<<<<<< :
Su**ar%<<<<<<<<<<<<.<<<<<<<<<< 10
iv
Introduction
CTH 0717 C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria is a o$e se*ester a$( t"o u$its
u$(er'ra(uate level course. )rese$tl%6 it is a re-uire*e$t &or t0ose "0o
"is0 to otai$ (e'ree i$ C0ristia$ t0eolo'%. I$ t0is Course %ou "ill e
i$tro(uce( to t0e Histor% o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria. T0e Course is also
suitale &or a$%o(% "0o is i$tereste( i$ t0e Histor% o& C0ristia$it% i$
#i'eria.
T0is course co$sists o& t0ree *o(ules "0ic0 i$clu(e6 t0e earl%
)ortu'uese >issio$aries i$ #i'eria6 ot0er >issio$aries &ro* Europea$
Cou$triesB t0e Cat0olic >issio$s i$ #i'eria6 t0e co$triutio$ o& t0e
1ritis0 )arlia*e$t i$ t0e stoppi$' o& slave tra(e i$ #i'eria Bt0e arrival o&
&ree( slaves to #i'eria arou$( ei'0tee$t0 ce$tur%6 t0e arrival o& t0e
>et0o(ist >issio$aries to #i'eria arou$( 1;.06 t0e arrival o& t0e
1aptist >issio$ to #i'eria6 t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Ia(a$6 t0e
!$'lica$ >issio$ i$ I=are,!=o=o area6 t0e prole*s e$cou$tere( %
C0ristia$s i$ sprea(i$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Corua la$(6 so*e possile
steps t0at "ere ta=e$ % >issio$aries to *i$i*iDe t0eir prole*s i$ t0e
Corua la$(6 ot0er people t0at 0elpe( i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
Corua la$(6 t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Easter$ parts o& #i'eria
% t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers i$ t0e $i$etee$t0 ce$tur%6 t0e practice o&
C0ristia$it% i$ !'ouleri villa'e6 t0e prole* o& C0ristia$ villa'e
eva$'elis* i$ O$its0a area6 +or( +u'ar( t0e Gover$or o& t0e #i'er
!rea6 t0e role o& +u'ar( i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria6 t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ De=i$a6 E'a6 Delta6 1rass6 !=o=o, 5u=uru=u6 5aa
a$( Ca'a areas6 t0e ur$i$' o& De=i$a >issio$ statio$ % t0e >usli*s6
t0e activities o& C0ristia$s i$ E'a la$(6 C0ristia$it% i$ #i'er Delta area6
C0ristia$it% i$ 1rass area6 t0e )res%teria$ >issio$aries i*pose(
C0ristia$it% o$ t0e Ios arou$( 1;:;6 t0e I$(i'e$ous C0ristia$
>ove*e$ts i$ #i'eria6 t0ese i$clu(eB C0rist !postolic C0urc0 o&
#i'eria6 C0erui* a$( Serap0i* >ove*e$ts6 #i'eria6 Celestial C0urc0
o& C0rist6 t0e i*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria6 )role*s a$( )rospects
o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
Cour! Ai"
T0e ai*s o& t0e course ca$ e su**ariDe( as &ollo"7 to i$tro(uce %ou
to t0e 0istor%6 ac0ieve*e$ts6 prole*s a$( prospects o& C0ristia$it% i$
#i'eria.
Cour! O#$!cti%!
To ac0ieve t0e ai*s set aove6 t0ere are set overall o3ectives. I$
a((itio$ eac0 *o(ule a$( u$it also 0as speci&ic o3ectives. T0e u$it
o3ectives are i$clu(e( at t0e e'i$$i$' o& a u$it. Cou s0oul( rea( t0e*
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
e&ore starti$' to rea( %our "or= i$ eac0 u$it. Cou *a% "a$t to re&er to
t0e* (uri$' %our stu(% o& t0e u$it to c0ec= o$ %our pro'ress. Cou
s0oul( al"a%s loo= at t0e u$it o3ectives a&ter co*pleti$' a u$it. I$ t0is
"a% %ou ca$ e sure t0at %ou 0ave (o$e "0at "as re-uire( o& %ou % t0e
u$it.
State( elo" are t0e "i(er o3ectives o& t0is course as a "0ole. 1%
*eeti$' t0ese o3ectives6 %ou s0oul( 0ave ac0ieve( t0e ai*s o& t0e
course.
O$ success&ul co*pletio$ o& t0e course6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
E@plai$ t0e perio( i$ "0ic0 C0ristia$it% too= root i$ #i'eria.
!$al%De t0e role o& t0e &ree( slaves i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%
i$ #i'eria.
State t0e role o& t0e earl% >issio$aries i$ #i'eria i$ t0e 'ro"t0 o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
State t0e roles o& i$(i'e$ous C0ristia$ >ove*e$ts i$ t0e sprea(
o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
Descrie t0e prole*s a$( prospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
&or'in( t)rou() t)i Cour!
To co*plete t0is Course6 %ou are re-uire( to rea( t0e stu(% u$its o&
ever% *o(ule. Eac0 u$it co$tai$s sel&, assess*e$t e@ercise6 a$( at
poi$ts (uri$' t0e course6 %ou are re-uire( to su*it assi'$*e$ts &or
assess*e$t purposes. !t t0e e$( o& t0is course t0ere is a &i$al
e@a*i$atio$. 1elo" %ou "ill &i$( liste( all t0e co*po$e$ts o& t0e course
a$( "0at %ou 0ave to (o.
Cour! *+t!ri+,

>a3or co*po$e$ts o& t0e course are7
1. Course Gui(e
9. Stu(% U$its
?. Te@too=s
.. !ssi'$*e$ts &ile
4. )rese$tatio$ Sc0e(ule
I$ a((itio$6 %ou *ust otai$ t0e *aterials. Cou *a% co$tact %our tutor i&
%ou 0ave prole*s i$ otai$i$' t0e te@t *aterials.

ii
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Stud- Unit
T0ere are seve$tee$ stu(% u$its i$ t0is course6 ro=e$ i$to t0ree
*o(ules.
T0e% are as &ollo"s7
*odu,! 1 T)! Ro"+n C+t)o,ic *iion
U$it 1 )ortu'uese a$( Cat0olic >issio$s i$ #i'eria
U$it 9 T0e Cat0olic
U$it ? T0e >et0o(ists
U$it . T0e Sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Easter$ )arts o& #i'eria
% t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers i$ t0e #i$etee$t0 Ce$tur%
U$it 4 Relatio$s et"ee$ t0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$t6 t0e >issio$s
a$( t0e E*irs
*odu,! . T)! Prot!t+nt *iion
U$it 1 Sir +or( +u'ar( )ro*ise( to E*irs
U$it 9 T0e !ctivities o& C0ristia$s i$ E'a +a$(
U$it . C0ristia$it% i$ 1rass !rea
U$it 4 C0ristia$it% I*pose( o$ t0e Ios
U$it / T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ !=o=o,5u=uru=u !rea
U$it 7 T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ 5aa !rea
*odu,! / Ind!0!nd!nt *o%!"!nt
U$it 1 C0rist !postolic C0urc0 o& #i'eria
U$it 9 C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc06 #i'eria
U$it ? Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist6 #i'eria
U$it . T0e I*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
U$it 4 )role*s a$( )rospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
T!1t#oo' +nd R!2!r!nc!
!(e !3a%i J.A.6 E1:77F. Christian Missions in Nigeria 1841-1891 The
Making of a New Elite6 +a'os7 +o$'*a$.
!%a$(ele E.!. E1://F. The Missionary Impact on Modern Nigeria
184-1914! " #olitical and $ocial "nalysis6 +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$
Group +t(.
1aalola E.O. E1:7/F. Christianity in %est "frica6 Ia(a$7 Sc0olar
)ulicatio$s I$ter$atio$al E#i'.F6 +t(.
Cra*pto$ E.).T. E1:74F. Christianity in Northern Nigeria6 Seco$(
E(itio$6 Garia7 Gas=i%a Corporatio$.
iii
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Geo&&re% )arri$(er6 E1:/:F. "frican Three &eligions6 +o$(o$7 S0el(o$
)ress.
5alu6 O.U6 E1:;0F. The 'istory of Christianity in %est "frican Essays
(ect)res6 +o$(o$ a$( #e" Cor=7 +o$'*a$ Group +t(.
I&e*esia6E1:;0F. T0e Civilisi$' >issio$ o& 1;.1B !spects o& a$ Episo(e
i$ !$'lo,#i'eria Relatio$sH i$ T0e Histor% o& C0ristia$it% i$
West !&rica$ Essa%s +ectures.
Jaco !"o3u O"olai6 E9004F. T0e Gro"t0 o& t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0 i$
!=o=o,5aa District6 1:90,1::/. The *epartment of &eligions
$t)dies6 Ilori$7 U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 #i'eria6 )0.D. T0esis6
U$pulis0e(.
>e(ai%ese6 E1:4/F. Itan Ig+edide ,oseph "yo -a+alola f)n ise Ihinrere6
Ia(a$76 Te*itope )ress.
>ica0 5. !*i0ere6 E900.F. 'istory of the Cathedral Ch)rch of the
'oly Trinity! (oko.a! +a'os7 CSS )ress6 a (ivisio$ o& t0e CSS
1oo=s0ops +i*ite(.
+or( D.O. O=u$lola6 E(ate o& pulicatio$ $ot i$(icate(.F Celestial
Ch)rch of Christ (ast /essel for $al0ation6 +a'os7 1e$'o Co**.
)ri$ters.
>oses Olu(ele I(o"u6 E9007F. "frican 1od2s 1eneral $eries ,oseph
"yo -a+alola! the Mantle of an "postle! a $t)dy on $pirit)al
#ower! Ike.a6 +a'os7 Divi$e !rtiller% )ulicatio$s.
Olatu$(e O%e"ole O'u$i%i6 E1::/F. IReli'io$ a$( Cultural I(e$tit%6
T0e E@perie$ce o& t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc06 #i'eriaH
i$ t0e Jars Jour$al o& !raic a$( Reli'ious Stu(ies6 T0e
Depart*e$t o& Reli'io$s6 U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 #i'eria6 vol. 1?
Dece*er.
.
Olu Aa*o(i*u6 E1::0F. >oses Ori*ola(e Tu$olase Supre*e Aou$(er
C0erui* a$( Serap0i* Worl("i(e6 5a(u$a6 !i 1co*. #i'eria
+t(. O*oto%e Roti*i Willia*s6 IReli'io$ a$( service to
Hu*a$it%B ! case stu(% o& t0e co$triutio$ o& 1is0op C0arles
)0ilips to O$(o 1;74,1:0/6 i$ t0e Reli'io$ a$( service to
Hu*a$it%6Ilori$. C0ist%, Davi( )ri$ters.
Tai"o C.O. E1:;0F. The Nigerian Ed)cation $ystem3 #ast! #resent and
4)t)re! +a'os7 T0o*as #elso$ E#i'.F.
iv
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Ai(n"!nt Fi,!
T0e assi'$*e$t &ile "ill e poste( to %ou i$ (ue course. I$ t0is &ile6 %ou
"ill &i$( all t0e (etails o& t0e "or= %ou *ust su*it to %our tutor &or
*ar=i$'. T0e *ar=s %ou otai$ &or t0ese assi'$*e$ts "ill cou$t to"ar(s
t0e &i$al *ar= %ou otai$ &or t0is course. Aurt0er i$&or*atio$ o$
assi'$*e$t "ill e &ou$( i$ t0e assi'$*e$t &ile6 itsel& a$( later i$ t0is
course 'ui(e i$ t0e sectio$ o$ assess*e$t.
T0ere are *ore t0a$ t"e$t% assi'$*e$ts &or t0is course. Eac0 u$it 0as
o$e or t"o assi'$*e$ts6 "0ic0 are (esi'$e( to cover ever% u$it.
Aurt0er i$&or*atio$ o$ assi'$*e$ts "ill e &ou$( i$ t0e assi'$*e$t &ile
itsel& a$( later i$ t0is Course Gui(e i$ t0e sectio$ o$ assess*e$t.
Pr!!nt+tion Sc)!du,!
T0e prese$tatio$ Sc0e(ule i$clu(e( i$ %our course *aterials 'ives %ou
t0e i*porta$t (ates &or t0e co*pletio$ o& tutor *ar=e( assi'$*e$ts a$(
atte$(i$' tutorials. Re*e*er6 %ou are re-uire( to su*it all %our
assi'$*e$ts % t0e (ue (ate. Cou s0oul( 'uar( a'ai$st la''i$' e0i$(
i$ %our "or=.
A!"!nt
T0ere are t"o aspects to t0e assess*e$t o& t0e course. Airst are t0e tutor
*ar=e( assi'$*e$tsB Seco$(6 t0ere is a "ritte$ e@a*i$atio$. I$ tac=li$'
t0e assi'$*e$ts6 %ou are e@pecte( to appl% i$&or*atio$ a$( =$o"le('e
ac-uire( (uri$' t0is course. T0e assi'$*e$ts *ust e su*itte( to %our
tutor &or &or*al assess*e$t i$ accor(a$ce "it0 t0e (ea(li$es state( i$
t0e assi'$*e$t &ile. T0e "or= %ou su*it to %our tutor &or assess*e$t
"ill cou$t &or ?0J o& %our total course *ar=. !t t0e e$( o& t0e course6
%ou "ill $ee( to sit &or a &i$al t0ree,0our e@a*i$atio$. T0is "ill also
cou$t &or 70J o& %our total course *ar=.
Tutor3*+r'!d Ai(n"!nt
T0ere are t"elve tutor *ar=e( assi'$*e$ts i$ t0is course. Cou $ee( to
su*it all t0e assi'$*e$ts. T0e est t0ree Ei.e.6 t0e 0i'0est t0ree o& t0e
&i&tee$ *ar=sF "ill e cou$te(. T0e total *ar=s &or t0e est t0ree E?F
assi'$*e$ts "ill e ?0J o& %our total course *ar=.
!ssi'$*e$t -uestio$s &or t0e u$its i$ t0is course are co$tai$e( i$ t0e
assi'$*e$t &ile. Cou s0oul( e ale to co*plete %our assi'$*e$ts &ro*
t0e i$&or*atio$ a$( *aterials co$tai$e( i$ %our set te@too=s6 rea(i$'
a$( stu(% u$its. Ho"ever6 %ou are a(vise( to use ot0er re&ere$ces to
v
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
roa(e$ %our vie"poi$t a$( provi(e a (eeper u$(ersta$(i$' o& t0e
su3ect.
W0e$ %ou 0ave co*plete( eac0 assi'$*e$t6 se$( it to'et0er "it0 &or*
to %our tutor. >a=e sure t0at eac0 assi'$*e$t reac0es %our tutor o$ or
e&ore t0e (ea(li$e 'ive$. I&6 0o"ever6 %ou ca$$ot co*plete %our "or=
o$ ti*e6 co$tact %our tutor e&ore t0e assi'$*e$t is (o$e to (iscuss t0e
possiilit% o& a$ e@te$sio$.
Fin+, E1+"in+tion +nd Gr+din(
T0e e@a*i$atio$ "ill co$sist o& -uestio$s "0ic0 re&lect t0e t%pe o& sel&,
testi$'6 practice e@ercises a$( tutor,*ar=e( prole*s %ou 0ave co*e
across. !ll areas o& t0e course "ill e assesse(.
Cou are a(vise( to revise t0e e$tire course a&ter stu(%i$' t0e last u$it
e&ore %ou sit &or t0e e@a*i$atio$. Cou "ill &i$( it use&ul to revie" %our
tutor, *ar=e( assi'$*e$ts a$( t0e co**e$ts o& %our tutor o$ t0e*
e&ore t0e &i$al e@a*i$atio$.
Cour! *+r'in( Sc)!"!
T0is tale s0o"s 0o" t0e actual course *ar=i$' is ro=e$ (o"$.
Cour! O%!r%i!4
T0is tale ri$'s to'et0er t0e u$its6 t0e $u*er o& "ee=s %ou s0oul(
ta=e to co*plete t0e*6 a$( t0e assi'$*e$ts t0at &ollo" t0e*.
Unit Tit,! o2 &or' &!!',-
Acti%it-
A!"!nt
5!nd o2 Unit6
Course Gui(e 1
*odu,! 1 T)! Ro"+n C+t)o,ic *iion
1 )ortu'uese a$( Cat0olic >issio$s i$
#i'eria
1 !ssi'$*e$t 1
9 T0e Cat0olic 9 !ssi'$*e$t 9
? T0e >et0o(ists ? !ssi'$*e$t ?
. T0e Sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e . !ssi'$*e$t .
A!"!nt *+r'
!ssi'$*e$t 1,. Aour assi'$*e$ts6 est t0ree *ar=s o& t0e &our
cou$ts at ?0J o& course *ar=s.
Ai$al E@a*i$atio$ 70J o& overall/ course *ar=s
Total 100J o& course *ar=s
vi
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Easter$ )arts o& #i'eria % t0e Hol%
G0ost Aat0ers i$ t0e #i$etee$t0
Ce$tur%
4 Relatio$s et"ee$ t0e 1ritis0
Gover$*e$t6 t0e >issio$s a$( t0e
E*irs
4 !ssi'$*e$t 4
*odu,! . T)! Prot!t+nt *iion
1 Sir +or( +u'ar( )ro*ise( to E*irs / !ssi'$*e$t /
9 T0e !ctivities o& C0ristia$s i$ E'a
+a$(
7 !ssi'$*e$t 7
? C0ristia$it% I*pose( o$ t0e Ios ; !ssi'$*e$t ;
. C0ristia$it% i$ #i'er Delta !rea : !ssi'$*e$t :
4 C0ristia$it% i$ 1rass !rea 10 !ssi'$*e$t 10
/ T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
!=o=o,5u=uru=u !rea
11 !ssi'$*e$t 11
7 T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
5aa !rea
19 !ssi'$*e$t 19
*odu,! / Ind!0!nd!nt *o%!"!nt
1 C0rist !postolic C0urc0 o& #i'eria 1? !ssi'$*e$t 1?
9 C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc06
#i'eria
1. !ssi'$*e$t 1.
? Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist6 #i'eria 14 !ssi'$*e$t 14
. T0e I*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria 1/ !ssi'$*e$t 1/
4 )role*s a$( )rospects o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
17 !ssi'$*e$t 17
R!%iion 17
E1+"in+tion 18
Tale 97 Course Overvie"
Ho4 to G!t t)! 9!t 2ro" t)i Cour!
I$ (ista$ce lear$i$' t0e stu(% u$its replace t0e U$iversit% lecturer. T0is
is o$e o& t0e 'reat a(va$ta'es o& (ista$ce lear$i$'B %ou ca$ rea( a$(
"or= t0rou'0 speciall% (esi'$e( stu(% *aterials at %our o"$ pace6 a$(
at ti*e a$( place t0at suit %ou est. T0i$= o& it as rea(i$' t0e lecture
i$stea( o& liste$i$' to a lecturer. I$ t0e sa*e "a% t0at a lecturer *i'0t
set %ou so*e rea(i$' to (o6 t0e stu(% u$its tell %ou "0e$ to rea( %our
set oo=s or ot0er *aterial. Just as a lecturer *i'0t 'ive %ou a$ i$,class
e@ercise6 %our stu(% u$its provi(e e@ercises &or %ou to (o at appropriate
poi$ts.
Eac0 o& t0e stu(% u$its &ollo"s a co**o$ &or*at. T0e &irst ite* is a$
i$tro(uctio$ to t0e su3ect *atter o& t0e u$it a$( 0o" a particular u$it is
i$te'rate( "it0 t0e ot0er u$its a$( t0e course as a "0ole. #e@t is a set o&
vii
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
lear$i$' o3ectives. T0ese o3ectives e$ale %ou =$o" "0at %ou s0oul(
e ale to (o % t0e ti*e %ou 0ave co*plete( t0e u$it. Cou s0oul( use
t0ese o3ectives to 'ui(e %our stu(%. W0e$ %ou 0ave &i$is0e( t0e u$its
%ou *ust 'o ac= a$( c0ec= "0et0er %ou 0ave ac0ieve( t0e o3ectives.
I& %ou *a=e a 0ait o& (oi$' t0is %ou "ill si'$i&ica$tl% i*prove %our
c0a$ces o& passi$' t0e course.
T0e *ai$ o(% o& t0e u$it 'ui(es %ou t0rou'0 t0e re-uire( rea(i$' &ro*
ot0er sources. T0is "ill usuall% e eit0er &ro* %our set oo=s or &ro* a
rea(i$' sectio$.
Re*e*er t0at %our tutorHs 3o is to assist %ou. W0e$ %ou $ee( 0elp6
(o$Ht 0esitate to call a$( as= %our tutor to provi(e it.
1. Rea( t0is Course Gui(e t0orou'0l%.
9. Or'a$iDe a stu(% sc0e(ule. Re&er to t0e ICourse overvie"H &or *ore
(etails. #ote t0e ti*e %ou are e@pecte( to spe$( o$ eac0 u$it a$(
0o" t0e assi'$*e$ts relate to t0e u$its. W0atever *et0o( %ou c0ose
to use6 %ou s0oul( (eci(e o$ it a$( "rite i$ %our o"$ (ates &or
"or=i$' o$ eac0 u$it.
?. O$ce %ou 0ave create( %our o"$ stu(% sc0e(ule6 (o ever%t0i$' %ou
ca$ to stic= to it. T0e *a3or reaso$s t0at stu(e$ts &ail is t0at t0e% la'
e0i$( i$ t0eir course "or=.
.. Tur$ to U$it 1 a$( rea( t0e i$tro(uctio$ a$( t0e o3ectives &or t0e
u$it. !sse*le t0e stu(% *aterials. I$&or*atio$ aout "0at %ou $ee(
&or a u$it is 'ive$ i$ t0e IOvervie"H at t0e e'i$$i$' o& eac0 u$it.
Cou "ill al*ost al"a%s $ee( ot0 t0e stu(% u$it %ou are "or=i$' o$
a$( o$e o& %our set oo=s o$ %our (es= at t0e sa*e ti*e.
4. Wor= t0rou'0 t0e u$it. T0e co$te$t o& t0e u$it itsel& 0as ee$
arra$'e( to provi(e a se-ue$ce &or %ou to &ollo". !s %ou "or=
t0rou'0 t0e u$it %ou "ill e i$structe( to rea( sectio$s &ro* %our set
oo=s or ot0er articles. Use t0e u$it to 'ui(e %our rea(i$'.
/. Revie" t0e o3ectives &or eac0 stu(% u$it to co$&ir* t0at %ou 0ave
ac0ieve( t0e*. I& %ou &eel u$sure aout a$% o& t0e o3ectives6 revie"
t0e stu(% *aterial or co$sult %our tutor.
7. W0e$ %ou are co$&i(e$t t0at %ou 0ave ac0ieve( a u$itHs o3ectives6
%ou ca$ t0e$ start o$ t0e $e@t u$it. )rocee( u$it % u$it t0rou'0 t0e
course a$( tr% to pace %our stu(% so t0at %ou =eep %oursel& o$
sc0e(ule.
viii
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
;. W0e$ %ou 0ave su*itte( a$ assi'$*e$t to %our tutor &or *ar=i$'6
(o $ot "ait &or its retur$ e&ore starti$' o$ t0e $e@t u$it.
5eep to %our sc0e(ule. W0e$ t0e assi'$*e$t is retur$e(6 pa%
particular atte$tio$ to %our tutorHs co**e$ts6 ot0 o$ t0e tutor,
*ar=e( assi'$*e$t &or* a$( also "ritte$ o$ t0e assi'$*e$t.
Co$sult %our tutor as soo$ as possile i& %ou 0ave a$% -uestio$s
or prole*.
: !&ter co*pleti$' t0e last u$it6 revie" t0e course a$( prepare %oursel&
&or t0e &i$al e@a*i$atio$. C0ec= t0at %ou 0ave ac0ieve( t0e u$it
o3ectives Elist at t0e e'i$$i$' o& eac0 u$itF a$( t0e course
o3ectives Eliste( i$ t0is Course Gui(eF.
F+ci,it+tor:Tutor +nd Tutori+,
T0ere are ; 0ours o& tutorials provi(e( i$ support o& t0is course. Cou
"ill e $oti&ie( o& t0e (ates6 ti*es a$( locatio$ o& t0ese tutorials6
to'et0er "it0 t0e $a*e a$( p0o$e $u*er o& %our tutor6 as soo$ as %ou
are allocate( a tutorial 'roup.
Cour tutor "ill *ar= a$( co**e$t o$ %our assi'$*e$ts6 =eep a close
"atc0 o$ %our pro'ress a$( o$ a$% (i&&iculties %ou *i'0t e$cou$ter a$(
provi(e assista$ce to %ou (uri$' t0e course. Cou *ust *ail %our tutor,
*ar=e( assi'$*e$ts to %our tutor "ell e&ore t0e (ue (ate Eat least t"o
"or=i$' (a%s are re-uire(F. T0e% "ill e *ar=e( % %our tutor a$(
retur$e( to %ou as soo$ as possile.
Do $ot 0esitate to co$tact %our tutor % telep0o$e6 e,*ail6 or (iscussio$
oar( i& %ou $ee( 0elp. T0e &ollo"i$' *i'0t e circu*sta$ces i$ "0ic0
%ou "oul( &i$( 0elp $ecessar%. Co$tact %our tutor i&B
%ou (o $ot u$(ersta$( a$% part o& t0e stu(% u$its or t0e assi'$e(
rea(i$'s6
%ou 0ave (i&&icult% "it0 t0e sel&,tests or e@ercises6
%ou 0ave a -uestio$ or prole* "it0 a$ assi'$*e$t6 "it0 %our
tutorHs co**e$ts o$ a$ assi'$*e$t or "it0 t0e 'ra(i$' o& a$
assi'$*e$t.
Cou s0oul( tr% %our est to atte$( t0e tutorials. T0is is t0e o$l% c0a$ce
to 0ave &ace to &ace co$tact "it0 %our tutor a$( to as= -uestio$s "0ic0
are a$s"ere( i$sta$tl%. Cou ca$ raise a$% prole* e$cou$tere( i$ t0e
course o& %our stu(%. To 'ai$ t0e *a@i*u* e$e&it &ro* course
tutorials6 prepare a -uestio$ list e&ore atte$(i$' t0e*. Cou "ill lear$ a
lot &ro* participati$' i$ (iscussio$s activel%.
i@
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Su""+r-
CTH 071 C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eriaB i$te$(s to i$tro(uce %ou to t0e 0istor%
o& t0e pla$ti$'6 t0e 'ro"t06 i*pact6 prole*s a$( prospects o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria. Upo$ co*pleti$' t0is course6 %ou "ill e ale to
a$s"er -uestio$s suc0 as7
E@plai$ t0e perio( i$ "0ic0 C0ristia$it% too= root i$ #i'eriaK
State t0e role o& t0e earl% >issio$aries i$ #i'eria.
Descrie t0e prole*s a$( prospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
State 0o" *a$% >issio$ statio$s "ere ope$e( % Cat0olic )riests
i$ #i'eria i$ t0e earl% perio( o& t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%K
E@a*i$e t0e role o& t0e #i'eria$ &ree( slaves i$ t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
Discuss t0e *et0o( use( % t0e >et0o(ist >issio$aries to sprea( t0eir
&ait0 i$ #i'eria.
E$u*erate t0e prole*s t0at t0e earl% >issio$aries &ace( i$ t0e pla$ti$'
o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Corua la$(.
E@plai$ so*e o& t0e steps t0at "ere ta=e$ % t0e >issio$aries to
*i$i*iDe t0eir prole*s i$ t0e Corua la$( (uri$' t0e earl% perio( o&
t0e sprea(i$' t0e Gospel i$ t0e area.
State t0e role o& title 0ol(ers i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
State t0e role o& t0e I$(i'e$ous C0ristia$ >ove*e$ts i$ t0e sprea( o&
t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
Discuss t0e i*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
O& course6 t0e -uestio$s %ou "ill e ale to a$s"er are $ot li*ite( to t0e
aove list. C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria o&&ers %ou *ore. I a* e@cite( to lea(
a$( 'ui(e %ou i$ t0is course. I 0ope %ou "ill e$3o% t0e course.
@
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Course CTH 071
Course Title C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
Course Developer/Writer Rev. Dr. Jaco !. O"olai
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria

Course E(itor Dr. !.O. Dairo
)ro'ra**e +ea(er Dr. Olui%i !. !(e"ale
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria
Course Co,or(i$ator Rev. Dr. Jaco !. O"olai
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria


NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA
@i
*AIN
COURSE
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria
Hea(-uarters
1./1/ !0*a(u 1ello Wa%
2ictoria Isla$(
+a'os
!u3a O&&ice
#o. 4 Dar es Salaa* Street
O&& !*i$u 5a$o Cresce$t
Wuse II6 !u3a
#i'eria
e,*ail7 ce$trali$&o8$ou.e(u.$'
UR+7 """.$ou.e(u.$'
)ulis0e( %
#atio$al Ope$ U$iversit% o& #i'eria
)ri$te( 900:
IS1#7 :7;,04;,01:,0
!ll Ri'0ts Reserve(
@ii
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
CONTENTS PAGE
*odu,! 1 T)! Ro"+n C+t)o,ic *iion;;;;;;<;< 1
U$it 1 )ortu'uese a$( Cat0olic >issio$s i$ #i'eria <<.. 1
U$it 9 T0e Cat0olic<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< /
U$it ? T0e >et0o(ists<<<<<.<<<<<<<<<... 10
U$it . T0e Sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Easter$ )arts o&
#i'eria % t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers i$ t0e
#i$etee$t0 Ce$tur%<<<<<<<<<<.<<. 9?
U$it 4 Relatio$s et"ee$ t0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$t6 t0e
>issio$s a$( t0e E*irs<<<<<<<<<<<.... ?0
*odu,! . T)! Prot!t+nt *iion;;;;;;;;<;;<< /=
U$it 1 Sir +or( +u'ar( )ro*ise( to E*irs<<<<<..... ?/
U$it 9 T0e !ctivities o& C0ristia$s i$ E'a +a$(<<<< .0
U$it ? C0ristia$it% i$ 1rass !rea<<<<<<<<<<... .?
U$it . C0ristia$it% I*pose( o$ t0e Ios<<<<<<<< .;
U$it 4 T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
!=o=o,5u=uru=u !rea<<<<<<.<<<<<< 49
U$it / T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ 5aa !rea <<<< 4/
U$it 7 T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Ca'a !rea <<<< 4:
*odu,! / Ind!0!nd!nt *o%!"!nt;;;;;;;;;;<< =/
U$it 1 C0rist !postolic C0urc0 o& #i'eria<<<<..<<< /?
U$it 9 C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc06 #i'eria<<<<.... 70
U$it ? Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist6 #i'eria<<<<<..<<. 7:
U$it . T0e I*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria<<<<.<<. ;.
U$it 4 )role*s a$( )rospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria < ;:
@iii
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
*ODULE 1 THE CATHOLIC *ISSION
U$it 1 )ortu'uese a$( Cat0olic >issio$s i$ #i'eria
U$it 9 T0e Cat0olic
U$it ? T0e >et0o(ists
U$it . T0e Sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Easter$ )arts o& #i'eria
% t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers i$ t0e #i$etee$t0 Ce$tur%
U$it 4 Relatio$s et"ee$ t0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$t6 t0e >issio$s
a$( t0e E*irs
UNIT 1 THE PORTUGUESE AND CATHOLIC
*ISSIONS IN NIGERIA
CONTENTS

1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 )ortu'uese a$( Cat0olic >issio$s i$ #i'eria
?.9 T0e Co$triutio$ o& t0e 1ritis0 )arlia*e$t i$ t0e
Stoppa'e o& Slave Tra(e i$ #i'eria
?.? T0e !rrival o& Aree( Slaves o& West !&rica to
Areeto"$ !rou$( 1;
t0
Ce$tur%
?.. Aree( Slaves &ro* Sierra,+eo$e
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s

1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0e &irst u$it "ill i$tro(uce %ou to t0e )ortu'uese vo%a'es o& t0e
14t0 Ce$tur% t0at rou'0t C0ristia$it% to #i'eria.
Ho"ever6 t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria soo$ ter*i$ate(
ecause o& t0eir i$volve*e$t i$ slave tra(e .
>a$% #i'eria$s "ere sol( to t0e* a$( "ere ta=e$ as slaves i$to
e@ile6 suc0 as !*erica. Aor t0is reaso$6 #i'eria$s "ere $ot
co$verte( to C0ristia$it% % t0e )ortu'uese. C0ristia$it% coul( $ot
pe$etrate i$to #i'eria t0rou'0 t0e )ortu'uese slave,tra(ers a$(
t0e reli'io$ soo$ &iDDle( out o& #i'eria. T0is u$it "ill also
i$tro(uce %ou to t0e co*i$' o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic C0urc0 i$to
#i'eria6 ut6 t0e De$o*i$atio$ too soo$ s0ort live( i$ #i'eria i$
t0e earl% 1;
t0
Ce$tur%. Ho"ever6 i$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill also lear$
1
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
0o" t0e Corua "ars o& t0e earl% 1:
t0
Ce$tur% pave( "a% &or
t0e sale o& *a$% *e$ to various places i$ t0e "orl(. 1ut t0e sale
o& t0ese slaves eca*e lessi$'s to #i'eria$s a&ter t0eir &ree(o*.
>a$% o& t0ese people "0o "ere sol( i$to slaver% % #i'eria$s6
'ot co$verte( i$to C0ristia$it% at t0eir $e" "orl( i$ "0ic0 t0e%
&ou$( t0e*selves.
I$ 1;.16 t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t e*ar=e( o$ t0e ca*pai'$ &or
t0e aolitio$ o& slaver% i$ !&rica6 *a$% slaves "ere set &ree(.
T0e &ree( slaves settle( at Areeto"$6 Sierra,+eo$e. T0e &ree( slaves
0a( accepte( C0ristia$it% as t0eir *ai$ reli'io$ i$stea( o& t0e !&rica
Tra(itio$al Reli'io$ i$to "0ic0 t0e% "ere or$. T0ese &ree( slaves
"ere also sai( to 0ave e$'a'e( i$ t0e le'iti*ate tra(e. T0e &ree(
slaves i$tro(uce( C0ristia$it% to t0eir relatives i$ #i'eria. T0e% also
i$vite( *issio$aries to #i'eria to co$ti$ue pla$ti$' t0e C0ristia$
reli'io$ "0ic0 t0e% 0a( i$tro(uce( i$ t0eir various to"$s a$(
villa'es i$ #i'eria. I$ ot0er "or(s6 t0is u$it (iscusses t0e pla$ti$'
o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria t0rou'0 tra(e a$( t0e &ree( #i'eria$
slaves. T0ere&ore6 t0e speci&ic o3ectives a$( outli$e elo" are
"0at %ou s0oul( e@pect to lear$ &ro* t0is u$it.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
e@plai$ t0e perio( "0ic0 C0ristia$it% too= root i$ #i'eria.
a$al%se t0e roles o& t0e &ree( slaves i$ t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
state t0e roles o& t0e earl% *issio$aries i$ #i'eria
(escrie t0e prole*s a$( prospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.

/<0 *AIN CONTENT

/<1 T)! Portu(u!! +nd C+t)o,ic *iion in Ni(!ri+
!out 14
t0
ce$tur% !.D6 He$r% t0e #avi'ator o& )ortu'al6 (esire(
to sail &urt0er i$ t0e !tla$tic Ocea$ . He love( u%i$' t0e 'ol( o&
West !&rica. He$r% "a$te( to 'et t0e West !&rica$ 'ol( (irectl%6
"it0out 'oi$' t0e >usli* 5i$'(o*s i$ #ort0 !&rica a$( !raia
i$ t0e *i((le East.E!(e !3a%i 1:77F. He$r% se$t out 0is s0ips
acco*pa$ie( % so*e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$aries to #i'eria.
T0e% visite( 1e$i$ a$( Warri. !rou$( t0e riveria$ areas i$ #i'eria6
slave tra(e "as t0e usi$ess o& t0e (a%. >ost o& t0e =i$'s t0e
*issio$aries preac0e( to "ere i$tereste( *ore i$ t0e )ortu'uese
'u$s t0a$ "ere i$ C0ristia$it%. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% % t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic *issio$aries &aile( i$ &i&tee$t0
a$( si@tee$t0 ce$turies !..D. i$ #i'eria.
9
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<. T)! Contri#ution o2 t)! 9riti) P+r,i+"!nt to t)!
Sto00in( o2 S,+%!3Tr+d! in Ni(!ri+

!$(e%atso !((o et al6 E1:;4F6 i$ t0eir "or= e$title( The Ch)rch
Missionary $ociety and the "nglican Ch)rch! state t0at t0e Cro"$
passe( t0e ill o& t0e aolitio$ o& slave tra(e i$to la" i$ 1;07. T0e
Cro"$ Gover$*e$t t0ere&ore assi'$e( so*e 1ritis0 $aval o&&icers to
patrol t0e sea a$( arrest "0oever t0e% &ou$( i$volve( i$ carr%i$' slaves
o$ oats &ro* !&rica to t0eir o"$ cou$tries.
T0e 1ritis0 $av% "oul( capture oats t0at "ere use( % t0e )ortu'uese
carr%i$' slaves6 a$( "oul( se$( t0e* to Areeto"$ slave court &or trial.
!t Areeto"$6 t0e slaves "0o "ere i$ t0e capture( oats "ere set &ree(
a$( t0e capture( oats "ere seiDe( a$( sol( % t0e 1ritis0 !r*e( Aorces
to t0e ric0 &ree( slaves.
T0e arrival o& &ree( slaves i$to Sierra,+eo$e i$ 1;.16 *a(e C0ristia$s
i$ t0e Great 1ritai$ to c0a$'e t0e policies o& t0e 'over$*e$t. !s
a result6 *a$% 1rito$s sa" t0e evils o& slaver% a$( too= steps
to stop it. Willia* Wiler&orce e$coura'e( t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t
*a=e slave tra(e ille'al a$( to se$( 1ritis0 ar*e( s0ips o$ t0e ocea$s.
/</ T)! Arri%+, o2 Fr!!d S,+%! o2 &!t A2ric+n Anc!tr- in
Ar!! To4n
!t t0e close o& t0e ;
t0
ce$tur%6 &ree( slaves o& West !&rica$
a$cestr% e'a$ to arrive a$( settle i$ Areeto"$. Revere$(
>ulvilles a$ !$'lica$ priest ca*e to Sierra/+eo$e to serve as C0aplai$
to t0e Europea$ tra(ers. He preac0e( t0e 'ospel to t0e &ree( slaves
a$( care( &or t0e* at Aree to"$.
He later retur$e( to 1ritai$ a$( 0e eca*e o$e o& t0e C0ie&
a(visers o& t0e C0urc0.
/<? T)! Arri%+, o2 Fr!!d S,+%! in Ni(!ri+
So*e o& t0e &ree( slaves i$ Sierra,+eo$e "ere e$'a'e( i$ tra(i$'.
T0e% travelle( &ro* Sierra,+eo$e to +a'os a$( 1a(a'r%. T0e Corua
&ree( slaves "ere or'a$iDe(. T0e% e$'a'e( i$ u%i$' capture( oats
co$(e*$e( % &ree to"$ slave courts. O$e o& t0e oats ou'0t %
t0e* "as $a*e( Wiler&orce. So*e o& t0e &ree( slaves settle( at
!eo=uta6 t0e capital o& O'u$ State6 #i'eria. >a$% o& t0e* "ere
e(ucate( % t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%. T0eir associatio$ "it0 t0e
1ritis0 'over$*e$t 0elpe( t0e* to purc0ase &ire ar*s.
?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
!eo=uta serve( as a 0o*e place &or t0ose &ree( slaves t0at
settle( t0ere.
W0ile i$ !eo=uta6 t0e% practice( t0eir C0ristia$ &ait0. T0e% also
preac0e( t0e reli'io$ to ot0ers "0o "ere $ot C0ristia$s. T0e% co$verte(
*a$% to C0ristia$it%.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
!ccou$t &or t0e stoppa'e o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria arou$( &i&tee$t0
ce$tur%.
?<0 CONCLUSION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave lear$t aout t0e )ortu'uese vo%a'es o& t0e
&i&tee$t0 ce$tur% t0at rou'0t C0ristia$it% to #i'eria.
Cou 0ave also lear$t "0at le( to t0e stoppa'e o& C0ristia$it% i$
#i'eria at t0e perio( i$ -uestio$. Aor e@a*ple6 t0e i$volve*e$t o&
t0e )ortu'uese C0ristia$s i$ slave /tra(e le( to t0e stoppa'e o& t0e
sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria. T0e Corua "ars o& t0e earl%
$i$etee$t0 ce$tur% cause( *a$% Corua people to e sol( i$to slaver%.
T0e% "ere ta=e$ a"a% % t0eir u%ers i$to various parts o& t0e
"orl(. Ho"ever6 so*e o& t0e* 0a( close co$tact "it0 t0eir
*asters "0o t0e* a$( i$tro(uce( C0ristia$it% to t0e*. W0e$ suc0
slaves "ere set &ree6 t0e% retur$e( to #i'eria a$( i$tro(uce(
C0ristia$it% "0ic0 t0e% 0a( co*e across to t0eir relatio$s.

A<0 SU**ARY
T0e &ollo"i$' is a su**ar% o& t0e *a3or poi$ts i$ t0e u$it7
T0e i$volve*e$t o& t0e )ortu'uese C0ristia$s i$ slave / tra(e
(iscoura'e( *a$% #i'eria$s to accept C0ristia$it%. T0e ca*pai'$
a'ai$st slaver% % t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t le( to t0e era(icatio$ o&
slave/tra(e i$ #i'eria i$ 1;.1. !s a result o& t0is6 *a$% #i'eria$s
"0o "ere sol( i$to slaver% re'ai$e( t0eir &ree(o* a$( retur$e(
to t0eir 0o*e to"$s to i$tro(uce C0ristia$it% "0ic0 t0e% 0a(
accepte( i$ &orei'$ la$(s.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
T0e ca*pai'$ a'ai$st slaver% % t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t arou$(
1;.1 "as a lessi$' to *a$% #i'eria$s "0o "ere i$ slaver% i$
e@ile. Discuss.
.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS

!(e !3a%i J.A.6 E1:77F.Christian Missions in Nigeria 1841-18915
The Making of a New Elite! +a'os7 +o$'*a$s Group +t(.
5alu6 O.U. E1:;0F.The 'istory of Christianity in %est "frican! Essays
(ect)res! +o$(o$ a$( #e" Cor=7 +o$'*a$s Group +t(.
Tai"o6 C.O. E1:;0F. The Nigerian Ed)cation system5 #ast! #resent and
4)t)re! +a'os7 T0o*as #elso$ #i'. +t(.



4
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT . THE CATHOLIC *ISSIONS
CONTENTS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e Aor*atio$ o& t0e Societ% o& t0e !&rica$ >issio$
ES.>.!F
?.9 T0e Sprea( o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic Aait0 to +o=o3a6
O$its0a a$( !saa
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s

1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0e &irst u$it %ou rea( aout t0e )ortu'uese tra(ers "0o ca*e to
#i'eria to tra(e as "ell as to sprea( C0ristia$it% "0ic0 0o"ever
"as s0ort live( (ue to t0eir i$volve*e$t i$ slave / tra(e. I$
t0is u$it6 %ou "ill stu(% aout t0e &or*atio$ o& t0e Societ% o& t0e
!&rica$ >issio$ % t0e Cat0olic *issio$aries i$ or(er to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ West !&rica6 especiall%6 #i'eria.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES

1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
i(e$ti&% t0e co$triutio$ o& t0e Cat0olic >issio$ to t0e
'ro"t0 o& t0e C0ristia$ C0urc0 i$ #i'eria
state 0o" *a$% *issio$ statio$s "ere ope$e( % Cat0olic
priests i$ #i'eria i$ t0e earl% perio( o& C0ristia$it%.

/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! For"+tion o2 t)! Soci!t- o2 t)! A2ric+n *iion 2or
S0r!+din( o2 t)! Ro"+n C+t)o,ic F+it)
T0e &or*atio$ o& t0e Societ% o& t0e !&rica$ >issio$ &or t0e
sprea(i$' o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic &ait0 0elpe( i$ t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria. T0e Societ% atte*pte( to pla$t C0ristia$it%
i$ Sierra,+eo$e arou$( 1;/06 ut6 it &aile(. Ho"ever6 it *ove(
&ro* Sierra,+eo$e to Da0o*e% to pla$t t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic Aait0.
T0e pla$ti$' o& t0e Cat0olic Aait0 at Da0o*e%6 $o" t0e Repulic o&
1e$i$6 e'a$ "it0 Aat0er 1or'0ero "0o "as assiste( % t"o ot0er
/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
>issio$aries. I$ 1;/06 t0e Italia$ Ro*a$ Cat0olic Aat0er6
1or'0ero "0o "as statio$e( at W0%(a0 i$ Da0o*e%6 pai( a visit
to !eo=uta a$( +a'os. I$ 1;/96 0e re,visite( +a'os. Ho"ever6 o$
reac0i$' +a'os6 0e *et so*e o& #i'eria$s Cat0olic &ree( slaves
&ro* 1raDil "0o 0a( settle( t0ere. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 Aat0er
1or'0ero "as also surprise( at *eeti$' so*e 1raDilia$s "0o 0a(
aptiDe( i$ t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic C0urc06 ut6 "ere livi$' i$ +a'os.
Aat0er 1or'0ero "as e$coura'e( "0e$ 0e sa" so*e o& 0is $atives
a$( #i'eria$s "0o "ere a(0ere$ts o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic &ait0 i$
+a'os. He estalis0e( a >issio$ statio$ at +a'os. 1ut6 it 0as $o
per*a$e$t )riest. He *a(e +a'os o$e o& t0e out,statio$s o& Oui(a0 i$
Da0o*e%. 1% 1;/96 Aat0er 1or'0ero se$t a Catec0ist $a*e(
)a(re !$to$io "0o "as a &ree( slave &ro* Sao To*e Isla$( to
t0e +a'os >issio$.
W0ile Catec0ist )a(re "as statio$e( i$ +a'os6 0e tau'0t #i'eria$s
a$( ot0er $atio$als "0o live( i$ +a'os t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic &ait0.
He aptiDe( C0il(re$6 pra%e( "it0 t0e (%i$' a$( urie( t0e (ea(.
I$ 1;/;6 Aat0er )ierre 1ouc0e "as se$t to +a'os % t0e Cat0olic
>issio$ to resu*e (ut% as t0e resi(e$tial )riest i$ #i'eria. T0e
Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ uilt a C0apel i$ +a'os i$ 1;/: &or t0e
a(0ere$ts o& t0e Cat0olic Aait0. T0e C0urc0 also estalis0e( a
)ri*ar% Sc0ool i$ +a'os t0e sa*e %ear. Aro* +a'os6 t0e Ro*a$
Cat0olic Aait0 sprea( across #i'eria. T0e &ait0 sprea( to O$its0a
t0rou'0 a$ot0er Aat0er $a*e( +utD "0o "or=e( arou$( O$its0a
to"$. T0is *ar=e( t0e 'ro"t0 a$( e@pa$sio$ o& t0e Ro*a$
Cat0olic &ait0 to"ar(s t0e #i'er Delta area. T0e Cat0olic a(0ere$ts
&urt0er se$t Aat0ers C0auses a$( Holle% &ro* O$its0a6 to"ar(s Ilori$6
a$( O$(o.
I$ 1;;46 t0e Cat0olic >issio$ se$t t"o Iris0 )riests "0o "ere
*e*ers o& t0e Societ% o& t0e !&rica$ >issio$ to +a'os. T0e%
"ere Aat0ers Heale% "0o statio$e( at !eo=uta a$( Aat0er
Co$$au'0to$ "0o "as *a(e t0e +a'os sc0ools >a$a'er i$
#i'eria. I$ 1;;/6 Aat0er C0auses ope$e( a >issio$ Statio$ at O%o.
I$ 1;:16 0e "as collate( 1is0op o& #i'eria.
He (ie( arou$( 1;:.. Aat0er C0auses "as succee(e( % 1is0op
)aul )ellet "0o ope$e( a >issio$ Statio$ at Ia(a$ i$ 1;:4.
!rou$( t0e perio(6 Aat0er Jo0$. >. Co-uar( estalis0e( t0e Sacre(
Heart Hospital at Ia(a$.
7
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<. T)! S0r!+d o2 t)! Ro"+n C+t)o,ic F+it) to Lo'o$+C
Onit)+ +nd A+#+
I$ 1;;.6 t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ ope$e( a >issio$ statio$
at +o=o3a i$ 5o'i State6 #i'eria. T0ree Aat0ers "ere se$t % t0e
Cat0olic >issio$ to +o=o3a to co$ti$ue sprea(i$' t0e Cat0olic
Aait0 i$ t0e area.
Ho"ever6 o$e o& t0e &at0ers (ie( at +o=o3a i$ 1;;4. Aat0er !$(re"
Dor$a$ "as se$t to replace t0e (ecease( Aat0er. !&ter so*e %ears6 t0e
Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ Hea(-uarters "as re*ove( &ro* +o=o3a a$(
it "as locate( to !saa % Aat0er Carlo Gappa "0o "as place(
to 0ea( t0e +o=o3a >issio$ area. Aat0er 1is0op S0a$a0a$ uilt a
>issio$ 0ouse at O$its0a. He sprea( t0e Cat0olic Aait0 to O'0uli6
"0ere 0e uilt a )ri*ar% Sc0ool6 co$(ucte( aptis* classes a$(
lear$t Io la$'ua'e. His spea=i$' t0e la$'ua'e *a(e *a$% Io
people to e co$verte( i$to t0e Cat0olic &ait0. 1is0op S0a$a0a$
&ou$(e( t0e co$'re'atio$ o& t0e sisters o& our +a(% o& t0e Hol%
Rosar% i$ Irela$( i$ 1:90. T0e sisters "ere trai$e( to o&&er
service to t0e Cat0olic >issio$s o& t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers i$
t0e Easter$ parts o& #i'eria.
I$ a((itio$ to t0ese6 Aat0er S0a$a0a$ also co$verte( *a$% ot0er
#i'eria$s i$to t0e Cat0olic Aait0 i $ Io la$(. 1% 1:9.6 t0e
Cat0olic C0urc0 i$ #i'eria "as sta&&e( % $atives o& Io "0o
"ere priests. I$ 1:??6 Aat0er S0a$a0a$ co$secrate( t0e $e"
Cat0e(ral t0at "as uilt % t0e C0urc0 i$ #i'eria.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
!ssess t0e roles o& t0e Societ% o& t0e !&rica$ >issio$ i$ #i'eria.
?<0 CONCLUSION

T0e &or*atio$ o& t0e !&rica$ >issio$ &or t0e sprea( o& t0e
Cat0olic &ait0 0elpe( i$ t0e e@pa$sio$ o& t0e &ait0 i$ #i'eria.
T0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ e'a$ i$ +a'os arou$( 1;/0 "it0 Aat0er
1or'0ero. T0e C0urc0 sprea( &ro* +a'os to O$its0a6 Ilori$6 O$(o6
O%o6 +o=o3a6 O'0uli a$( ot0er parts o& Io la$( i$ #i'eria.
T0e *issio$ 0a( estalis0e( Sc0ools i$ all its *issio$ statio$s i$
t0e cou$tr% "0ere c0il(re$ "ere e(ucate( a$( co$verte( i$to t0e
Cat0olic &ait0.
;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
A<0 SU**ARY
Aat0er 1or'0ero a$( t0e &ree( slaves o& #i'eria$s c0a*pio$e( t0e
pla$ti$' o& Cat0olic &ait0 i$ #i'eria. 1is0op S0a$a0a$ &ou$(e( t0e
Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ statio$ at O$its0a i$ 1;;/. He eva$'eliDe(
O'0uli. He uilt a *issio$ 0ouse a$( Sc0ool t0ere. >a$% #i'eria$s
receive( 1ile i$structio$s i$ t0e 1ile Classes at t0e various
Cat0olic >issio$ statio$s i$ #i'eria. I$ a((itio$ to t0ese6 *a$%
#i'eria$s e$e&ite( &ro* t0e Cat0olic >issio$ t0rou'0 t0e
receivi$' o& Wester$ e(ucatio$ &ro* t0e*. T0e Cat0olic *issio$
sprea( &ro* +a'os to ot0er parts o& #i'eria.

=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT

E@a*i$e t0e roles o& t0e #i'eria$ &ree( slaves i$ t0e pla$ti$' o&
Ro*a$ Cat0olic Aait0 i$ #i'eria.

7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
!3a%i6 J.A.!. E1:/.F.Christian Missions in Nigeria! 1814-1891! The
Marking of a New Elite! +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$s 'roup +t(.
!%a$(ele6 E.!. E1://F.The Missionary Impact on Modern Nigeria
184-1914! +o$(o$7 (ongmans 1ro)p (td6
1aalola6 E.O. E1:7/F.Christianity in %est "frica! Ia(a$7 Sc0olar
)ulicatio$s I$ter$atio$al E#i'F +t(. .

:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT / THE *ETHODISTS

CONTENTS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e !rrival o& t0e >et0o(ist >issio$aries i$ #i'eria
!rou$( 1;.0
?.9 T0e 1aptist >issio$
?.? T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ O$(o !rea
?.. T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Ia(a$
?.4 T0e I$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% to I=are, !=o=o !rea
?./ T0e )role*s E$cou$tere( % C0ristia$s i$ Sprea(i$'
C0ristia$it% t0e Corua +a$(
?.7 Steps Ta=e$ % t0e >issio$aries to >i$i*iDe T0eir
)role*s i$ t0e Corua +a$(
?.; Ot0er people t0at Helpe( i$ t0e Sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
Corua +a$(
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is is t0e t0ir( u$it o& *o(ule o$e o& %our stu(%.
So &ar6 "e 0ave ee$ ale to trace t0e perio( o& t0e co*i$' o&
t0e *issio$aries "0o &irst pla$te( C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Corua la$(.

T0e roles o& t0e &ree( slaves "0o "ere #i'eria$s i$ t0e pla$ti$'
o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria "ere also $ote( i$ t0e previous stu(ies.
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill lear$ aout t0e >et0o(ist >issio$Hs -uests i$
t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ 1a(a'r%.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES

1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
i(e$ti&% t0e roles o& t0e >et0o(ist >issio$ i$ #i'eria
(iscuss t0e *et0o(s use( % t0e >et0o(ist >issio$aries
to sprea( t0eir &ait0 i$ #i'eria
list t0e *issio$ statio$s t0at "ere ope$e( % t0e >et0o(ist
>issio$ i$ #i'eria.

10
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<0 *AIN CONTENT

/<1 T)! Arri%+, o2 t)! *!t)odit *iion+ri! in Ni(!ri+
+round 17?0

T0e Corua settlers i$ Areeto"$6 Sierra / +eo$e 0a( appeale( to
t0e Luee$ o& E$'la$( to per*it t0e* estalis0e( a Colo$% i$
1a(a'r%. T0e% also (e*a$(e( t0at sol(iers6 tra(ers a$(
*issio$aries e se$t to t0e* at 1a(a'r% to 0elp t0e* "a'e "ar
a'ai$st slaver%6 especiall% t0e !(o people 6a$( to preac0 t0e
Gospel o& C0rist. I$ 1;.16 t0ese people "rote letters to
*issio$aries "0o "ere statio$e( i$ Sierra,+eo$e to co*e a$( preac0
t0e 'ospel o& C0rist i$ 1a(a'r%. W0e$ t0eir letters "ere rea( to
t0e C0ristia$s i$ Sierra / +eo$e6 so*e people li=e( t0e i(ea a$(
appeale( to *issio$aries to assist t0e C0ristia$s i$ 1a(a'r%.
O$ 9. Septe*er6 1;.96 t0e Revere$( T0o*as 1irc0 Aree*a$ a$(
Willia* (e Gra&t arrive( at 1a(a'r%. Revere$( Aree*a$ preac0e(
t0e 'ospel to t0e people "0o live( i$ 1a(a'r%. He *a(e *a$%
co$verts i$ t0e to"$. T0e Cler'% uilt a *issio$ 0ouse at 1a(a'r%. He
or'a$iDe( pra%er,*eeti$'s &or t0e C0ristia$s. Aree*a$ pai( a visit to
!eo=uta to ope$ a *issio$ statio$ i$ E'ala$(. W0e$ 0e 'ot to
!eo=uta6 0e *et He$r% To"$se$( a$ !$'lica$ Catec0ist a$(
t"o E'a &ree( slaves &ro* Sierra,+eo$e sprea(i$' t0e 'ospel
t0ere. W0e$ 0e 0a( retur$e( &ro* !eo=uta to 1a(a'r%6 0e le&t
&or 0is 0o*e cou$tr%. Aree*a$ le&t De Gra&t e0i$( at 1a(a'r%
to care &or t0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e >et0o(ist &ait0 ot0 i$ 1a(a'r%
a$( !eo=uta respectivel%. Ho"ever6 0e use( to pa% visits to De
Gra&t o$ce i$ a lue *oo$. T0e >et0o(ist *issio$ later
tra$s&erre( De Gra&t a$( poste( Sa*uel !$$ear to replace 0i*
at 1a(a'r%. T0e *issio$ statio$ at !eo=uta "as s0ut (o"$ (ue
to t0e Da0o*e "ars &or a perio( % t0e >et0o(ist >issio$.
Ho"ever6 "0e$ t0e "ar e$(e(6 a teac0er "as se$t t0ere to reope$
t0e >issio$ Statio$ at !eo=uta. T0e >et0o(ist outreac0es sprea(
&ro* 1a(a'r% to +a'os. I$ a((itio$ to t0e aove $a*e( *ea$s use(
to sprea( C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Corua la$(6 *e$tio$ coul( e *a(e
o& t0e &ree( slaves "0o "e$t &ro* Sierra,+eo$e to settle at
!eo=uta a&ter 'ai$i$' t0eir &ree(o* &ro* t0e Da0o*ea$ ar*ies.
I$ 1;./6 t0e >et0o(ist a$( !$'lica$ >issio$s "ere estalis0e( i$
+a'os a$( !eo=uta. 1esi(es6 as soo$ as t0e +a'os slave *ar=et
"as s0ut (o"$6 t0e >et0o(ist a$( !$'lica$ >issio$aries e$tere(
t0ere a$( t0e% estalis0e( >issio$ Statio$s a$( Sc0ools i$ ot0
to"$s. !&rica$ *i$isters "ere statio$e( i$ t0e t"o to"$s to sprea(
C0ristia$it% MGeo&&re% )arri$(er6 1:/:N. I$ t0e Sc0ools t0at "ere
estalis0e( % t0e >issio$aries i$ +a'os a$( !eo=uta to"$s6
i$structio$s "ere lar'el% oral si$ce oo=s "ere scarce. )ra%ers
a$( 1ilical te@ts "ere lear$t t0rou'0 oral recitatio$.
11
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
C0ristia$it% coul( $ot pe$etrate i$to t0e #ort0er$ parts o& #i'eria i$
t0e earl% perio(6 ecause t0e t0e$ Gover$or,Ge$eral o& #i'eria6
Sir +or( +u''ar( rule( t0at C0ristia$it% coul( o$l% e allo"e(
to e$ter t0e Hausa la$( t0rou'0 t0e a'ree*e$t o& t0e ruli$'
C0ie&s "0o "ere t0e Custo(ia$s o& Isla* reli'io$.

/<. T)! 9+0tit *iion

I$ 1;406 t0e !*erica$ 1aptist >issio$ar%6 T0o*as .J.1o"e$ arrive(
1a(a'r%.
He estalis0e( a *issio$ statio$ t0ere. He uilt a >issio$ Statio$ at
I3a%e. I$ t0e sa*e %ear6 0e *ove( &ro* t0ere to !eo=uta. T0ere 0e *et
t0e Wesle%a$ a$( t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% >issio$aries. W0ile
1o"e$ "as at t0e to"$6 0e stu(ie( Corua la$'ua'e i$ or(er to e ale
to co**u$icate "it0 t0e people "it0out a$% i$terpreter. He later "rote
Corua Gra**ar a$( Dictio$ar% &or t0e use o& Corua people. 1o"e$
procee(e( &ro* !eo=uta to Ia(a$ a$( O'o*os0o "0ere 0e
estalis0e( 1aptist >issio$ Statio$s i$ 1;4..

!t O'o*os0o6 co$verts sa" t0e*selves as superior people over t0e
tra(itio$alists. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e tra(itio$alists (evelope( 0atre(
a'ai$st C0ristia$s i$ t0e to"$. 1esi(es6 t0e% aa$(o$ tra(itio$ o&
ur%i$' t0e (ea( i$ t0eir &a*il% co*pou$(s. T0is act co*pou$(e(
t0eir prole*s i$ t0e to"$. C0ristia$s t0e$ starte( ur%i$' t0eir (ea( i$
t0e us0. T0is is ecause C0ristia$s co$si(ere( ur%i$' o& (ea( perso$s
i$ t0e 0ouses u$0%'ie$ic.
O$ t0e ot0er 0a$(6 tra(itio$alists vie"e( ur%i$' t0e (ea( i$ t0e us0
as separatio$ &ro* t0eir a$cestors. I$ tra(itio$al elie&s6 t0e *o*e$t a
perso$ is (ea(6 0e 0as eco*e a$ a$cestor6 to e revere$ce( a$(
"ors0ippe(. T0e tra(itio$alists 0ate( t0e C0ristia$s t0e *ore &or $ot
allo"i$' t0e urie( C0ristia$s to 3oi$ t0eir a$cestors. T0e tra(itio$alists
also 5ic=e( a'ai$st t0e i(ea o& t0e C0ristia$s ur%i$' t0e (ea( i$ t0e
us0 &or o$l% cri*i$als "ere urie( i$ t0e us0 at O'o*os0o. I$ 1;7:6
accor(i$' to !%a$(ele6 all C0ristia$s "ere e@pelle( &ro* O'o*oso
M!%a$(ele6 1:7: p.1.N.
1o"e$ uilt a >issio$ statio$ at I3a%e. I$ 1;4.6 Har(e$ also estalis0e(
a >issio$ Statio$ i$ +a'os6 +a'os State6 #i'eria. Aro* +a'os6 t0e
1aptist >issio$ also sprea( to O%o6 S0a=i6 I'o0o6 all i$ O%o State6a$(
Ilori$6 i$ 5"ara State6 #i'eria.ME.O. 1aalola 6 1:7:.p.1.N T0e sprea(
o& t0e 1aptist >issio$ to t0e #ort0er$ parts o& #i'eria "as (o$e %
so*e #i'eria$s "0o "ere "or=i$' i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0e
Gover$*e$t poste( t0e* to t0e place a&ter t0e Seco$( Worl( War. T0e
Corua 'over$*e$t "or=ers i$ t0e #ort0 "ere locate( *ostl% i$ Jos.
19
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
T0ere t0e% "ors0ipe( as a(0ere$ts o& t0e 1aptist &ait0. Ho"ever6 i$
1:196 t0e #i'eria$ 1aptist Co$ve$tio$ "as o&&iciall% &or*e(. It is $o"
co*pletel% sel&,'over$i$'6 sel&,propa'ati$'6 a$( sel& supporti$'. I$
1:906 a >i$ister o& t0e &ait0 pai( a visit to t0e*. T0ere 0e o&&iciall%
estalis0e( a >issio$ Statio$ &or t0e 1aptist a(0ere$ts. W0ile 0e "as
retur$i$' &ro* Jos6 0e stoppe( at 5a(u$a a$( estalis0e( a >issio$
Statio$ &or t0e Coruas "0o live( i$ t0e to"$. He aptiDe( ei'0tee$
people i$ River 5a(u$a. I$ 1:1?6 >r. > !. !(e$ira$ estalis0e( t0e
&irst 1aptist >issio$ Statio$ i$ Garia. !ccor(i$' to Cra*pto$6 t0e
#i'eria$ 1aptist Co$ve$tio$ poste( Revere$( J.!. !(e3u*oi to
5a(u$a as its &irst )astor to over see t0e rest >issio$ Statio$s o& t0e
1aptist &ait0 i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria i$ t0e %ear 1:94. Aurt0er*ore6
"0e$ t0e !*erica$ a$( so*e o& t0e #i'eria$ >issio$aries "or=e(
to'et0er i$ #ort0er$ parts o& t0e cou$tr% t0e% estalis0e( a Seco$(ar%
Sc0ool at Jos6 a Teac0er Trai$i$' Colle'e i$ >i$$a a$( a Se*i$ar%
Sc0ool i$ 5a(u$a.T0e #i'eria$ 1aptist Co$ve$tio$ operates $i$e
t0eolo'ical trai$i$' ce$ters &or pastors6 t0e lar'est ei$' t0e #i'eria$
1aptist T0eolo'ical Se*i$ar% i$ O'o*os0o. T0e #i'eria$ 1aptist
Co$ve$tio$ also operates several 0ospitals a$( *e(ical i$stitutio$s
across t0e cou$tr%. T0e 1aptist Hospital i$ O'o*os0o re*ai$s o$e o&
t0e lea(i$' 0ospitals i$ #i'eria. 1esi(es6 it is use( as a U$iversit%
teac0i$' 0ospital % t0e +a(o=e !=i$tola U$iversit% 3oi$tl% o"$e( %
O%o a$( Osu$ states. I$ 1:/:6 a separate Co$&ere$ce &or Ilori$ a$(
5aa &ait0&ul "as estalis0e( a$( it "as $a*e( 5"ara 1aptist
Co$&ere$ce. T0e C0urc0 0as pla$te( aout 100 >issio$ Statio$s i$ t0e
!rea. 1esi(es6 a 'roup o& +o$'u(a "0o ro=e a"a% &ro* t0e +ut0era$
&ait0 0as 3oi$e( t0e 1aptist &ait0 i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria. I$ 1:796 Etui "0o
"as a *issio$ar% i$ t0e Lua Io C0urc0 at I(a06 ro=e a"a% a$( 0e
3oi$e( t0e 1aptist. I$ 1:7.6 a seco$( 1aptist c0urc0 "as estalis0e( at
I(a0 it is $a*e( E**a$uel 1aptist C0urc06 I(a0. T0e 1aptist >issio$
0as t0e #ort0er$ Co$&ere$ce Co$ve$tio$6 "0ic0 0as its Hea(-uarters at
1eula0. It co*prises !(a*a"a a$( Sar(au$a )rovi$ces. T0e >issio$
Statio$s are locate( i$ t0e &ollo"i$' to"$s6 Garia6 5a$o6 5atsi$a a$(
So=oto. T0e #i'eria$ 1aptist Co$ve$tio$ 0as &ou$(e( a$( operate(
several pri*ar% Sc0ools a$( Seco$(ar% Sc0ools across t0e $atio$. T0e
>issio$ 0as estalis0e( a U$iversit% at I"o i$ 9009. It is $a*e( 1o"e$
U$iversit% i$ 0o$our o& Revere$( T0o*as Je&&erso$ 1o"e$6 t0e &irst
!*erica$ 1aptist >issio$ar% &ro* t0e Sout0er$ 1aptist Co$ve$tio$.
T0e $a*e( i$stitutio$s aove are estalis0e( to co$vert pupils6
Seco$(ar% sc0ool stu(e$ts a$( t0e post seco$(ar% sc0ool stu(e$ts i$to
t0e 1aptist &ait0 i$ #i'eria to (ate.
I$ 1:/:6 a separate Co$&ere$ce &or Ilori$ a$( 5aa &ait0&uls "as
estalis0e( a$( it "as $a*e( 5"ara 1aptist Co$&ere$ce. T0e C0urc0
0as pla$te( aout 100 >issio$ Statio$s i$ t0e !rea. 1esi(es6 a 'roup o&
+o$'u(a "0o ro=e a"a% &ro* t0e +ut0era$ &ait0 0as 3oi$e( t0e 1aptist
1?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
&ait0 i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria. I$ 1:796 Etui6 "0o "as a >issio$ar% i$ t0e
Lua Io C0urc0 at I(a06 ro=e a"a% a$( 0e 3oi$e( t0e 1aptist. I$ 1:7.6
a seco$( 1aptist C0urc0 "as estalis0e( at I(a06 it "as $a*e(
E**a$uel C0urc06 I(a0. T0e 1aptist >issio$ 0as t0e #orter$
Co$&ere$ce Co$ve$tio$6 "0ic0 0as its Hea(-uarters at 1eula0. T0e
>issio$ Statio$s "ere locate( i$ t0e &ollo"i$' to"$s7 Garia6 5a$o6
5atsi$a a$( So=oto T0e #i'eria$ 1aptist Co$ve$tio$ 0as &ou$(e( a$(
operate( several )ri*ar% Sc0ools a$( Seco$(ar% Sc0o ols across t0e
$atio$. T0e >issio$ estalis0e( a U$iversit% at I"o i$ 9009. It is $a*e(
1o"e$ U$iversit% i$ 0o$our o& Revere$( T0o*as Je&&erso$ 1o"e$6 t0e
&irst !*erica$ 1aptist >issio$ar% &ro* t0e Sout0er$ 1aptist
Co$ve$sio$.
/</ T)! P,+ntin( o2 C)riti+nit- in Ondo Ar!+
I$ 1;4?6 Davi( Hi$(erer i$tro(uce( C0ristia$it% i$ Ia(a$. I$ 1;4/6
C0ristia$it% "as estalis0e( i$ Iles0a. I$ 1;4:6 C0ristia$it% "as pla$te(
i$ Ile, I&e. I$ 1;746 Davi( Hi$(erer i$tro(uce( C0ristia$it% i$ O(e6
O$(o. I$ 1;776 C0arles )0ilips "as poste( to ta=e over &ro*
Hi$(erer.T0is "as (uri$' t0e perio( t0at Oa !3i*e=u$ t0e t0e$
Ose*a"e o& O$(o la$( a$( so*e o& 0is C0ie&s e*race( C0ristia$it%.
I$ 1;7/6 t0e &irst "ors0ip Ce$tre "as uilt &or C0ristia$s to "ors0ip. I$
1;776 )0ilips (e*a$(e( &or a$ot0er la$( to uil( a i''er place o&
"ors0ip i$ t0e to"$ ecause t0e populatio$ o& C0ristia$s i$crease(
(ail%. T0e la$( t0at "as 'ive$ to t0e C0ristia$s to uil( a C0urc0 "as
t0e la$( o& t0e evil spirits. It "as a place "0ere people "0o (ie(
u$pleasa$t (eat0 "ere urie(. T0e evil &orest "as allocate( to C0ristia$s
i$ or(er to (iscoura'e t0e* &ro* servi$' Jesus C0rist. T0e a(0ere$ts o&
t0e tra(itio$al reli'io$ 0ope( t0at C0ristia$s "oul( e a&&licte( "it0
i$curale (iseases. Ho"ever6 t0e C0urc0 accepte( t0e la$( a$( t0eir
spiritual lea(er i$ perso$ o& )0ilips pra%e( over t0e la$( &or Go(Hs
protectio$. O$ t0e la$(6 t0ere "as a$ Iro=o tree t0at t0e O$(o people
elieve( t0at evil spirits i$0aite(. T0e a(0ere$ts o& C0ristia$it% pra%e(
o$ t0e site &or seve$ (a%s a$( t0e tree t0at "as elieve( to e t0e ao(e
o& "itc0es &ell (o"$. T0e C0ristia$s cleare( t0e tree a"a% &ro* t0e site
a$( t0e% uilt a C0urc0 o$ t0e la$(. T0ere t0e% "ors0ip t0e +ivi$' Go(.
It "as reporte( t0at )0ilips care( &or t0e people spirituall% a$(
*ateriall%. T0e C0ristia$s uilt Sc0ools a$( Colle'es i$ O$(o area.
>a$% people "ere trai$e( i$ t0ose i$stitutio$s t0at "ere estalis0e( %
C0ristia$s i$ t0e to"$. T0e &irst )ri*ar% Sc0ool "as uilt i$ O$(o i$
1;:0 % t0e >issio$aries. T0ere pupils "ere tau'0t C0ristia$ e(ucatio$.
T0e ol( pupils o& t0e Sc0ool ca$ e &ou$( i$ all parts o& #i'eria
occup%i$' i*porta$t political6 social6 eco$o*ics a$( a(*i$istrative
positio$s. T0e% are also i$ la"6 politics6 *e(ici$e6 t0eolo'%6 tec0$olo'%
a$( e(ucatio$ all over t0e cou$tr%. T0e C0ristia$s i$ O$(o area *a(e
use o& t0e co$verts to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to ot0ers i$ #i'eria. I$
1.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
1;7:6 O$(o to"$ "as a&&ecte( % s*all, po@. T0e *ortalit% rate "as
0i'06 a$( it "as reporte( t0at aout te$ people (ie( (ail% i$ t0e to"$.
T0e tra(itio$al C0ie&s 'ave a 0ei&er to Sa$'o priest to o&&er as sacri&ice
o& propitiatio$. Ho"ever6 )0ilips a$( C0ristia$s i$ t0e to"$ "ere ale
to i$&or* t0e people t0at t0e (isease ca*e t0ere ecause o& t0eir
(isoe(ie$ce to t0e co**a$(*e$ts o& Go(. T0e +ivi$' Go( use( it to
pu$is0 t0e* &or t0eir evil acts to &ello" 0u*a$ ei$'s i$ t0e to"$.
Ho"ever6 t0e +or( Go( (e*a$(e( &ro* t0e* repe$ta$ce &ro* t0eir
"ic=e( (ee(s. It "as $otice( t0at $o$e o& t0e C0ristia$s "as reporte(
(ea(6 e@cept t"o people "0o "ere a&&ecte( a$( later receive( 0eali$' as
t0e C0urc0 pra%e( &or t0e* a$( t0e% repe$te( &ro* t0eir si$s. T0e
C0urc0 pra%e( &or t0e &or'ive$ess o& si$s o& t0e e$tire people o& O$(o
to"$6 a$( Go( 0ear( t0eir pra%ers a$( t0e (isease va$is0e( &or* O$(o
to"$. T0is *a(e *a$% people to 3oi$ t0e C0urc0.
!$ot0er i*porta$t t0i$' t0at C0ristia$it% rou'0t to O$(o to"$ "as t0e
i$tro(uctio$ o& corru'ate( iro$ s0eets &or roo&i$' 0ouses i$stea( o&
leaves t0at 0a( ee$ previousl% i$ use. >a$% people i$ O$(o to"$
roo&e( t0eir 0ouses "it0 iro$ s0eets. T0e C0ristia$s also *a(e t0e
people to stop t0e act o& ur%i$' livi$' slaves "it0 t0eir *asters "0e$
t0e% (ie. T0e C0ristia$s also i$tro(uce( t0e pla$ti$' o& eco$o*ic trees6
suc0 as cocoa a$( rea(&ruit to &ar*ers i$ O$(o area i$ 1;:0.Revere$(
C0ar=s )0ilips (istriute( t0e see(s o& t0e trees to O$(o &ar*ers to pla$t
i$ t0eir various &ar*s "0ic0 later rou'0t to t0e* eco$o*ic re"ar(.
Revere$( C0ar=s )0ilips succee(e( a'ai$st t0e po"er o& (ar=$ess a$(
illiterac% i$ O$(o area. He (ie( i$ 1:0/. It is a testi*o$% to 0is e&&orts
t0at t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% co$ti$ues i$ O$(o area a&ter 0is (eat0.
/<? T)! P,+ntin( o2 C)riti+nit- in I#+d+n
Revere$( Davi( Hi$(erer i$tro(uce( C0ristia$it% i$ Ia(a$ arou$(
1;4.. He "as a Ger*a$ >issio$ar% o& t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%.
It "as Revere$( He$r% To"$se$( "0o "as t0e$ at !eo=uta "0o pai( a
visit to t0e to"$ (uri$' t0e rei'$ o& 1aale Ope !'e a$( re-ueste( a
*issio$ statio$ &or t0e area. To"$se$( retur$e( to !eo=uta a$(
re-ueste( &or *ore >issio$aries &ro* 0is >issio$. I$ 1;496 Hi$(erer
estalis0e( a *issio$ statio$ at Ia(a$. >a$% Eva$'elists "ere also
poste( to 0i* a$( 0e se$t t0e* to ope$ *issio$ statio$s i$ various
to"$s6 suc0 as6 I"o6 Iles0a6 >o(a=e=e6 Ile, I&e a$( Os0o'o to *e$tio$
3ust a &e" places. I$ !pril 1;:/6 t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%
estalis0e( a Trai$i$' I$stitute i$ O%o. T0ere t0e% trai$e( pro&essio$al
teac0ers6 ut t0e stu(e$ts i$ t0e Sc0ool loo=e( to t0e priest0oo( as t0eir
*e$tor. T0e colle'e i$ -uestio$ is $o" cro"$ as t0e !3a%i Cro"t0er
U$iversit%6 O%o. I$ 1:006 t0e >issio$ estalis0e( a$ I$stitute i$
Os0o'o to trai$ ver$acular eva$'elists &or t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
14
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Corua la$(. O$ t0e ot0er 0a$(6 t0e 1aptists li=e"ise uilt t0e 1aptist
Colle'e6at I"o. I$ 1:016 t0e Wesle%a$s estalis0e( Wesle% Colle'e at
Ia(a$.
/<A T)! Introduction o2 C)riti+nit- in I'+r!3A'o'o Ar!+
T0e i$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% i$ I=are,!=o=o !rea too= place i$
various routes. I$ 1;706 o$e >ic0ael 1a(oro at O=ela -uarters i$ I=are6
retur$e( &ro* slaver% a$( preac0e( t0e Gospel to 0is people.
C0ristia$it% "as also i$tro(uce( i$ t0e area t0rou'0 +o=o3a i$ 5o'i
State6 #i'eria i$ 1;;?. T0e !$'lica$ priest $a*e( J.J. Willia*s "0o
"as t0e vicar o& t0e Hol% Tri$it% C0urc06 +o=o3a6 sprea( t0e Gospel to
t0e area i$ 1;;?. !t t0e sa*e perio(6 *a$% $o$,$ative tra(ers6 ruer,
tapers6 sa" *illers6 pro(uce u%ers6 a$( C0ristia$ so3our$ers "0o "ere
sol(iers i$ I=are area also sprea( C0ristia$it% i$ !=o=o area. >e$tio$
coul( e *a(e o& Davi( Olu'u$a a$( )eter !ro"olo6 $atives o& Iles0a
"0o "ere tra(ers. I$ 1:106 Revere$( H.A. Ga$i6 t0e Superi$te$(e$t o&
O"o6 O'ori6 a$( !=o=o C0urc0es visite( t0e I=are C0urc0. He
i$&lue$ce( t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0 aut0orities i$ +a'os Diocese to *er'e
t0e !=o=o C0urc0es to Corua >issio$. I$ 1:146 >r !i%eusi eca*e
t0e C0urc0 a(*i$istrator i$ I=are >issio$ statio$s. He i*pose( C0urc0
"e((i$' o$ C0ristia$s. !(0ere$ts "0o coul( $ot co*pl% "it0 !i%eusi
o$ t0e *arria'e or(er6 le&t t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0. T0e% estalis0e(
!&rica$ C0urc0 i$ I=are. Despite t0e rea= a"a% o& so*e *e*ers6
Sai$t Step0e$Hs C0urc0 I=are e'a$ to e@ercise t0e lea(ers0ip role
a*o$' I=are C0urc0es &ro* 1:14 to 1:90. O$ 9: Septe*er 1:906 >r
+ac=la$( !u'ustus +e$$o$6 a Ja*aica$ "as poste( to Sai$t Step0e$Hs
C0urc0 I=are6 as a$ a(*i$istrator. I$ 1:996 0e "as or(ai$e( )riest at
O"o a$( retur$e( to I=are >issio$ !rea. I$ 1:9.6 t0e 1is0op o& +a'os
Diocese6 >elville Jo$es aut0oriDe( +e$$o$ to e@te$( t0e sprea( o&
C0ristia$it% to 5aa6 Eira a$( !=o=o,E(o areas. +e$$o$ estalis0e(
sc0ools i$ t0ose areas to co$vert c0il(re$.
I$ 1:996 +e$$o$ estalis0e( )ost O&&ice at I=are. 1% t0e *i((le o&
1:.0Hs6 t0e >i$istr% o& Co**u$icatio$s6 #i'eria6 too= over t0e )ost
O&&ice.
I$ 1:9?6 +e$$o$ uilt a *a'$i&ice$t o&&ice a$( 0e allocate( a roo* to
0is "i&e6 >rs. >. +e$$o$ to serve as (ispe$sar% to I=are people. >a$%
people6 "0o "ere $ot C0ristia$s ut e$e&ite( &ro* t0e Cli$ic6 eca*e
C0ristia$s.
I$ 1:99,1:946 +e$$o$6 C0ie& !3a'u$a a$( >o*o0 'ave ale lea(ers0ip
to t0e people o& I=are to co$struct I=are,O"o roa(.
1/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
I$ 1:.?6 +e$$o$ "as appoi$te( a parlia*e$t *e*er to represe$t t0e
Wester$,Re'io$ i$ t0e 0ouse o& parlia*e$t i$ +a'os. His cor(ial
relatio$s0ip "it0 C0ristia$s a$( ot0er &ait0 *e*ers i$ !=o=o area6
ear$e( 0i* popularit% a*o$' t0e*. +e$$o$ use( t0e opportu$it% t0at
"as o&&ere( 0i* i$ t0e House o& )arlia*e$t to appeal &or esse$tial
a*e$ities &or t0e people o& I=are. Ho"ever6 t0e 'over$*e$t coul( $ot
*eet 0is (e*a$(s (ue to t0e Seco$( Worl( War t0at 0a( 3ust e$(e( &or
it 0a( a&&ecte( t0e eco$o*% a$( t0e &i$a$ce o& #i'eria. 1ase( o$ t0is6
Revere$( +e$$o$ a(vise( t0at t0e I=are people levie( ever% ta@ale
*ale so*e a*ou$ts alo$' "it0 t0eir %earl% poll ta@. He *a(e it clear to
t0e people o& I=are t0at i& t0e% coul( pro(uce t0e *aterials a$( use(
(irect laour *et0o(s &or t0e pipe or$e "ater a$( t0e li'0t pro3ects6 t0e
'over$*e$t "oul( re$(er t0e tec0$olo'ical assista$ce &or t0e I=are
co**u$it%. T0e people %iel(e( to t0e a(vice o& +e$$o$. 1et"ee$ 1:.?
a$( earl% 1:40 pipe or$e "ater a$( electricit% "ere provi(e( i$ I=are
area. >a$% $o$, C0ristia$s "0o "it$esse( t0e eve$ts eca*e
C0ristia$s. +e$$o$ a(vise( C0ristia$s to participate i$ #i'eria politics
i$ or(er &or t0e* to ri$' li'0t i$to t0e Cou$tr%.
I$ Ja$uar% 1:916 Revere$( +e$$o$ estalis0e( a )ri*ar% Sc0ool at
I=are. He c0riste$e( it Sai$t Step0e$Hs Sc0ool6 I=are,!=o=o. O$ 9?r(
Septe*er6 1:?46 +e$$o$ estalis0e( Juilee Ce$tral Sc0ool to trai$
)upil,teac0ers6 cler=s6 C0urc0 "or=ers a$( "oul( ,e stu(e$ts &or Sai$t
!$(re"Hs Teac0ers Colle'e6 O%o6 O%o State6 M$o" 1is0op !3a%i
Cro"t0er U$iversit%6 O%o6 #i'eriaN. +e$$o$ le&t #i'eria o$ 7 Jul% 1:41
&or 0is 0o*e cou$tr%6 Ja*aica M!=ere(olu6 1:;/.N

/<= T)! Pro#,!" Encount!r!d #- C)riti+n in S0r!+din(
C)riti+nit- in Yoru#+ L+nd
T0is course *aterial see=s to (iscuss t0e co$tact o& C0ristia$it%
"it0 Isla* i$ t0e Corua la$(. It 0as ee$ (iscovere( % Sc0olars t0at
Isla*ic reli'io$ pre(ate( C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria. Isla* 0a( ee$
pla$te( a$( $urture( i$ t0e la$( e&ore t0e i$tro(uctio$ o&
C0ristia$it%. 1esi(es6 Isla*ic propa'ators i$ #i'eria "ere !&rica$s
"0o "ere accusto*e( to t0e 0ars0 cli*atic co$(itio$s a$( (iseases
o& t0e la$(. T0ese Isla*ic sc0olars co$ti$ue( sprea(i$' Isla* &ait0
i$ t0e la$(.
T0e% also estalis0e( Lura$ic Sc0ools "0ere c0il(re$ "ere tau'0t
o& !raic la$'ua'e as t0e o&&icial o$e i$ sprea(i$' Isla*ic
reli'io$ i$ Corua la$(. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e >usli*
co**u$it% 0a( 'ro"$ ot0 i$ siDe a$( stature ever e&ore t0e
co*i$' o& C0ristia$it% i$to Corua la$(. T0e co$tact o&
C0ristia$it% a$( Isla* create( *a$% prole*s &or C0ristia$it% at
t0e i$itial sta'e o& e@pa$sio$ i$ t0e la$(. !*o$' t0ese prole*s
17
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
i$ t0e "0eel o& "as a( cli*ate. T0e cli*ate serve( as a 'reat
arrier a'ai$st t0e e&&orts o& &orei'$ *issio$aries "0o ca*e to
pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$(. T0is is ecause t0e% "ere $ot
use( to t0e tropical cli*ate o& t0e la$(.
Aor i$sta$ce6 so*e *issio$aries (ie( o& 0eat ,stro=e cause( % t0e
0eat o& t0e su$. >alaria "as a$ot0er (isease *ilitati$' a'ai$st
t0e pro'ress o& C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$(. It coul( e recalle(
t0at ri'0t &ro* 1;.16 "0ic0 "as t0e perio( o& t0e #i'er
e@pe(itio$6 *alaria "as a ver% si'$i&ica$t arrier to t0e sprea(
o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria. !out o$e 0u$(re( a$( t0irt%,si@
out o& o$e 0u$(re( a$( &ort%,&ive Europea$s "0o too= part i$
t0e e@pe(itio$ (ie( o& *alaria a$( t0e% "ere urie( at +o=o3a i$
5o'i State. T0eir 'raves re*ai$ i$ +o=o3a to"$ up till (ate. Aor
t0e reaso$s *e$tio$e( aove6 t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ +o=o3a
area stoppe( &or t0e *ai$ ti*e. 1ut6 &or >usli*s6 t0eir reli'io$
co$ti$ue to sprea( i$ t0e la$( &or t0eir propa'ators "ere
!&rica$s "0o 0a( all $atural e$(o"*e$t i$ ter*s o& e$er'%
a$( $atural a(aptailit% to t0e situatio$ i$ t0e tropic. Isla* ca*e
i$ Corua la$( % la$(. T0e earl% propa'ators (i( $ot &ace t0e sea
prole*s e$cou$tere( % t0e propa'ators o& C0ristia$it% si$ce *ost
o& its propa'ators ca*e &ro* t0e 0i$terla$(. T0e C0ristia$
*issio$aries "ere also &ace( "it0 t0e prole* o& la$'ua'e6 a
prole* "0ic0 create( a &avorale ave$ue &or Isla* to sprea(
si$ce Isla* "as propa'ate( % Corua Ospea=i$' people.
Co$se-ue$tl%6 Isla* 0a( a$ e('e over C0ristia$it%. I$ t0is
situatio$6 t0e C0ristia$s i$ t0e Corua la$( "ere $ot 0app% at t0e
rapi( e@pa$sio$ o& Isla* i$ t0e la$(. !s a result6 so*e *easures
"ere a(opte( eit0er to li*it t0e rate o& t0e sprea( o& Isla* i$ t0e
area or to 0elp i$ t0eir o"$ "a% o& sprea(i$' C0ristia$it% i$ t0e
sa*e *a$$er as Isla*. To ac0ieve t0is 'oal6 t0e &ollo"i$' e&&orts
"ere *a(e % t0e C0ristia$s. #ative Cler'% lear$t !raic la$'ua'e
"0ic0 t0e% use( i$ sprea(i$' t0e 'ospel i$ t0e >usli* populate( areas.
Sc0ools "ere uilt to e(ucate Corua c0il(re$ i$ or(er to attract t0eir
pare$ts to eco*e C0ristia$s.
Ho"ever6 t0e strate'ies suc0 as (iscussio$ o$ C0ristia$ &ait06
preac0i$'6 aptis* a$( trai$i$' t0e $ative Cler'% i$ !raic
la$'ua'e a(opte( % t0e C0ristia$ *issio$aries to cou$ter t0e
rapi( 'ro"t0 o& Isla* i$ Corua la$( 0a( little or $o e&&ect 6
ut t0e% "ere *ost success&ul t0rou'0 t0e use o& e(ucatio$ a$(
0ealt0,care (eliver% strate'ies. !ll t0ese6 "e s0all (iscuss i$ ot0er
u$its o& t0is course. 1ut a$ e@a*ple is *e$tio$e( elo".
I$ 1:996 +ac= la$( !u'ustus +e$$o$ use( t0e aove,*e$tio$e(
*et0o(s sprea( C0ristia$it% i$ I=are,I=are !=o=o area o& O$(o State.
I$ Sc0ools a$( Hospitals6 t0e C0ristia$ *issio$s 0a( all t0e
1;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
resources "it0i$ t0eir co$trol to serve as *a'$et to attract
a(0ere$ts o& ot0er reli'io$s i$ Corua la$( to t0e C0ristia$
&ait0. >oreover6 i$ so*e areas6 t0is *et0o( (i( $ot "or=. T0is is
ecause t0e a(0ere$ts o& Isla* 0a( also i$tro(uce( Lura$ic
sc0ools t0at serve( as alter$ative to t0e t%pe o& C0ristia$,
spo$sore( sc0ools to trai$ t0eir c0il(re$.
Aro* t0e "0ole episo(e6 it see*s t0at ri'0t &ro* t0e e'i$$i$' o&
t0e co$tact o& Isla* "it0 C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Corua la$(6 t0e t"o
reli'io$s 0ave ee$ "it$essi$' a =i$( o& revivalis* "it0 a vie" to
"i$$i$' souls &ro* o$e to t0e ot0er &ait0. O$ ot0er 0a$(6 ot0
reli'io$s 0ave several t0i$'s i$ co**o$ i$clu(i$' t0e elie& i$
O$e Creator "0o 0a( se$t *a$% prop0ets6 T0e o$l% So$ o& Go(
Jesus C0rist t0e >essia0 o& *a$=i$(. >usli* 0ol( >u0a**a( as
t0e )rop0et to *a$=i$(. T0e% ot0 clai* !ra0a* as t0eir a$cestor
a$( ot0 teac0 *orals a$( peace.
Ho"ever6 C0ristia$it% teac0es Tri$it% to t0eir a(0ere$ts6 "0ic0
Isla* (i( $ot accept. T0is *a=es Isla* a$( C0ristia$it% to eco*e
rivals i$ t0e Corua la$(<
/<7 St!0 T+'!n #- *iion+ri! to *ini"iD! T)!ir
Pro#,!" in t)! Yoru#+ ,+nd
Duri$' t0e perio( t0at arra$'e*e$ts "ere ei$' *a(e &or #i'er
E@pe(itio$ a$( a *issio$ "as pro3ecte( &or t0e *o(el &ar* at
+o=o3a6 t0e *ot0er C0urc0 o& !$'lica$ i$ +o$(o$6 assi'$e(
(uties to Revere$(s J.A. Sc0o$ a$( Sa*uel !3a%i Cro"t0er to
trai$ i$terpreters a$( t0e*selves to lear$ t0e la$'ua'es o& t0e
people o& #i'eria t0at coul( 0elp t0e* co**u$icate "it0
#i'eria$s.
Sc0o$ c0ose Hausa a$( Io la$'ua'es. W0ile Sa*uel !3a%i Cro"t0er
stu(ie( Corua la$'ua'e &or t0e sa*e purpose. Ot0er *issio$aries i$
Corua la$( also stu(ie( Corua la$'ua'e. I$ 1;496 Sa*uel !3a%i
Cro"t0er pulis0e( a$ e$lar'e( e(itio$ o& Corua Gra**ar
a$( 2ocaular% as "ell as tra$slatio$s o& &our oo=s o& t0e #e"
Testa*e$t.
)ro&essor Carl +epsius 'ui(e( t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%
li$'uistic stu(ies i$ Hausa6 5a$uri6 Io a$( I3a". W0ile 1o"e$ a
1aptist *issio$ar% also lear$t Corua la$'ua'e a$( (re" t0e
atte$tio$ o& t0e *issio$aries to t0e poetic e@celle$ce o& t0e i$vocative
pra%ers o& tra(itio$al Corua "ors0ip6 especiall% t0ose o& I&a &or
use i$ C0ristia$ "ors0ip % C0ristia$s i$ t0e Corua la$(. His
"or=s "ere pulis0e( i$ volu*es o& t0e S*it0so$ia$ co$triutio$s
to =$o"le('e i$ #e" Cor=. Cro"t0er a$( T0o*as 5i$' tra$slate(
1:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
t0e 1ile a$( t0e )ra%er oo= i$to Corua la$'ua'e &or t0e Corua
C0ristia$s. I$ 1;4.6 a$ot0er e@pe(itio$ "as se$t up t0e River #i'er %
t0e Cro"$ Colo$%. T0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$t a$( >ac're'or +air(
or'a$iDe( t0e e@pe(itio$. T0e ai* o& t0e trip "as to i$tro(uce le'iti*ate
tra(e a$( pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #i'er,1e$ue area. !ccor(i$' to
Cra*pto$6 *a$% o& t0e e@plorers "ere !&rica$s. T0e "0ite *e$ "ere
ver% &e" at t0is perio( t0is "as (ue to t0e (eat0 o& *a$% o& t0e* t0at
(ie( (uri$' t0e &irst e@pe(itio$ t0at too= place i$ t0e %ear 1;.1. T0e &e"
"0ite *e$ t0at acco*pa$ie( t0e lac= *e$ to t0e upper #i'er,1e$ue
ca*e "it0 -ui$i$e6 "0ic0 t0e% use( to cure *alaria "0e$ever t0e% "ere
attac=e(. 1is0op !3a%i Cro"t0er le&t t0e Corua >issio$ a$( 3oi$e( t0e
e@pe(itio$. !t t0e perio( i$ -uestio$6 ever% o(% t0at *a(e t0e 3our$e%
ac= alive &or t0ere "as $o report o& (eat0 a*o$' t0e e@plorers. I$
1;476 t0e Cro"$ Colo$%6 t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% a$( so*e tra(ers *a(e
a$ot0er 3our$e% to t0e area i$ -uestio$. W0ile t0e% 'ot to I(a0 i$ 5o'i
State6 t0e !tta0 o& I'ala la$( (i( $ot 'rou$( t0e* per*issio$ to
estalis0 a >issio$ Statio$ t0ere. Ho"ever6 0e se$t so*e o& 0is serva$ts
to acco*pa$% t0e* to t0e co$&lue$ce area. He tol( t0e* to sell t0e "ar
sport to t0e e@plorers so t0at t0e% coul( settle t0ere a$( 0elp 0i* "a'e
"ar a'ai$st t0e #upe "arriors "0o use( to "a'e "ar a'ai$st t0e people
o& I'ala. T0e !tta0 o& I'ala la$( $a*e( Oc0e3i6 sol( t0e la$( to t0e* &or
7006000 co"ries or 'oo(s "ort0 o& t0e a*ou$t. O$ t0e la$(6 "ere t0e
&ollo"i$' uil(i$'sB Goe C0apel6 Sc0ools6 a Colle'e a$( T0e Hol%
Tri$it% Cat0e(ral C0urc06 +o=o3a6 "0ic0 is al"a%s 0ea(e( % +o=o3a
i$(i'e$es i$ &ul&il*e$t o& t0e prop0ec% o& +ieute$a$t Glover i$ 1;/9.
He "rote a private letter to t0e !ut0orit% o& t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar%
Societ% i$ E$'la$( t0at t0e Co$&lue$ce area "0ic0 "as ou'0t "oul( e
t0e area "0ere &uture 'reat 1is0ops t0at "oul( e pro(uce(. He "rote
It0is +air(sto"$ "ill e t0e 'rou$( o& a &uture 'reat is0opric.H To(a%
t0ere are *a$% so$s o& +o=o3a area t0at are 1is0ops6 *e$tio$ coul( e
*a(e o& Aerro$6 1a=o6 !=a$%a$6 a$( I'u$u to *e$tio$ 3ust a &e" o&
t0e*. #o a$% priest outsi(e t0e area "as *a(e a is0op e@cept t0e
retire( 1is0op Haru$a "0o "as trai$e( % +e$$o$6 a *issio$ar% at
I=are, !=o=o i$ I=are6"0o "as co$secrate( t0e 1is0op o& t0e 5"ara
!$'lica$ Diocese6 O&&a6 ut later6 t0e 0ea(-uarters o& t0e Diocese "as
*ove( to Ilori$. Ho"ever6 i& t0e polic% t0at "as lai( (o"$ % Glover is
a*e$(e( i$ t0e +o=o3a Diocese6 t0e$ ot0er priests t0at are $ot a$
i$(i'e$e o& +o=o3a area *a% e co$si(ere( % t0e !$'lica$ Co**u$io$
i$ #i'eria to e co$secrate( is0op. I& $ot6 t0e +o=o3a i$(i'e$es "ill
co$ti$ue to e is0op i$ t0e area.
90
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<7 Ot)!r P!o0,! t)+t H!,0!d in t)! S0r!+d o2 t)! Go0!, in
Yoru#+ L+nd
T0e Creoles6 t0at is6 t0e &ree( slaves t0at "ere #i'eria$s6
especiall%6 t0e Coruas co$triute( i**e$sel% to t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$(. !$ot0er 'roup t0at 0elpe( i$ t0e
pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$( "ere $ole perso$sB t0at
is6 *e$ o& local pro*i$e$ce "0o o$ t0eir o"$ i$itiative i$vite(
a$( patro$iDe( *issio$ariesB a*o$' suc0 people "ere So(e=e o&
E'a la$( a$( t0e C0ie& o& 1a(a'r%. T0e la% co$verts6 especiall%
tra(ers "0o acte( as a 'roup use( t0eir social po"ers to ai( t0e
estalis0*e$t o& *issio$s i$ Corua la$(. Catec0ists6
Eva$'elists6 C0urc0 el(ers a$( Sc0ool teac0ers "ere also use(
to pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$(.
I$ a((itio$ to t0ese6 Co$'re'atio$s "0ic0 pio$eere( e@pa$sio$ o&
C0ristia$it% to ot0er parts o& Corua la$( a$( pai( &or t0e
up=eep o& *i$isters also 0elpe( i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
Corua la$( t0rou'0 &i$a$cial ai(s.
>e$tio$ coul( e *a(e o& !ll Sai$ts !$'lica$ C0urc0 Caa6
t0at pai( &or t0e up=eep o& *i$isters. Aurt0er*ore6 local
co**u$ities uilt6 *ai$tai$e( C0urc0 a$( sc0ool i$&rastructures &or
t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ Corua la$(. !$ot0er set o& people
t0at 0elpe( i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$( "ere
t0e C0aris*atic6 or )rop0et &i'ures "0o -uic=e$e( t0e pla$ti$'
o& t0e reli'io$ i$ t0eir rie& careers i$ t0e la$(.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
T0e &ree( slaves o& Corua la$( starte( t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%
i$ 1a(a'r%. Discuss.
?<0 CONCLUSION
T0is u$it 0as tau'0t %ou to =$o" so*e o& t0e prole*s t0at
"ere e$cou$tere( % C0ristia$s i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
Corua la$(. !*o$' t0ese prole*s "ere t0e 0ars0 cli*atic
co$(itio$s a$( (iseases o& t0e la$(. T0e *issio$aries also &ace(
t0e prole* o& la$'ua'e "0ic0 t0e% coul( use to preac0 t0e
Gospel to t0e people o& Corua la$(.
T0e% also e$cou$tere( oppositio$ &ro* a(0ere$ts o& ot0er reli'io$s i$
t0eir -uest to "i$ co$verts. I$ t0is u$it6 %ou also lear$t aout so*e
steps t0at "ere ta=e$ to *i$i*iDe so*e prole*s t0at "ere
e$cou$tere( % t0e *issio$aries i$ Corua la$(.
91
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
A<0 SU**ARY
Havi$' 'o$e t0rou'0 t0is u$it6 %ou "oul( 0ave u$(erstoo( t0e
&ollo"i$' poi$ts7
T0e >et0o(ist >issio$ 'ot to t0e Corua la$( arou$( 1;.0.
T0e Corua &ree( slave settlers appeale( to t0e Luee$ o&
E$'la$( to estalis0 a Colo$% i$ 1a(a'r%. T0e% also (e*a$(e( &or
*issio$aries e se$t to t0e* at 1a(a'r% to co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o&
C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$(.
T0e &ree( slaves i$ Sierra,+eo$e 3oi$e( t0e settlers at 1a(a'r% a$(
appeale( &or *ore *issio$aries &or 1a(a'r% la$(. Revere$(s
T0o*as 1irc0 Aree*a$ a$( Willia* (e Gra&t respo$(e( to t0e
re-uests o& t0e settlers o& 1a(a'r% a$( arrive( i$ to"$ o$ 9.
Septe*er6 1;.9 to pla$t C0ristia$it% t0ere.. Sc0ools a$( Hospitals
"ere use( as *ea$s to co$vert people i$to C0ristia$it% i$ t0e
Corua la$(. T0e >issio$aries 0a( prole*s o& la$'ua'e6 (iseases
a$( oppositio$s &ro* ot0er reli'io$ i$ t0e la$(. T0e >issio$aries
lear$t so*e #i'eria$ la$'ua'es a$( t0e% *a(e use( o& t0e* to "rite
t0e 1ile &or #i'eria$s to use.

=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. E$u*erate t0e prole*s t0at t0e earl% >issio$aries &ace( i$
t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$(.
9. !ssess t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$( et"ee$
1;.0 a$( 1;.9.
?. E@plai$ so*e o& t0e steps ta=e$ % t0e >issio$aries to
*i$i*iDe t0eir prole*s i$ t0e Corua la$( (uri$' t0e earl%
perio(s o& t0e 'ospel i$ t0e area.

7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS

!(e !3a%i6 J. A. E1:77F. C0ristia$ >issio$s i$ #i'eria 1;.1,1;:1. T0e
>a=i$' o& a #e" Elite! +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$ Groups +t(.

Geo&&r% )arri$(er E1:/:F."frica2s Three &eligions! +o$(o$7 S0el(o$
)ress +t(.

Os0itelu G.!. E9009F.E7pansion of Christianity in %est "frica!
!eo=uta7 2isual Resources )ulis0ers.
5alu6 O.U E1:;0F. The 'istory of Christianity in %est "frican Essays
(ect)res! +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$s Groups +t(.
99
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT ? THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY IN THE
EASTERN PARTS OF NIGERIA 9Y THE
HOLY GHOST FATHERS IN THE
NINETEENTH CENTURY
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ective
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e )urc0asi$' o& Slaves a$( T0eir Co$verti$' i$to
C0ristia$it% % t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers
?.9 T0e Sprea( o& Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ at #=issi
?.? T0e Evil practices o& t0e O$its0a I$(i'e$es i$ t0e Earl%
)erio(s
?.. T0e )ractice o& C0ristia$it% i$ !'ouleri 2illa'e
?.4 T0e )role*s o& C0ristia$ 2illa'e Eva$'elis* i$ O$its0a
!rea
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s

1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill e i$tro(uce( to t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it%
i$ t0e Easter$ parts o& #i'eria % t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers i$ t0e
last -uarter o& t0e #i$etee$t0 Ce$tur%. T0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers
&ocuse( t0eir atte$tio$ o$ villa'e eva$'elis* i$ t0e Easter$ parts
o& t0e Cou$tr%.
.<0 O9>ECTIVE
!t t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
e@plai$ t0e *et0o( use( % t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers to
sprea( C0ristia$it% i$ various villa'es i$ Easter$ parts o&
#i'eria. E$u*erate t0eir ac0ieve*e$ts i$ t0e areas.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! Purc)+in( o2 S,+%! +nd T)!ir Con%!rion into
C)riti+n #- t)! Ho,- G)ot F+t)!r

T0e *et0o( o& eva$'eliDatio$ t0at "as e*ar=e( upo$ % t0e
Hol% G0ost Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ar% Societ% i$ !&rica "as t0e
u%i$' o& slaves "0o* t0e% settle( i$ villa'es a$( co$verte( i$to
9?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
C0ristia$it% !rou$( #i$etee$t0 Ce$tur%. T0is *et0o( "as use( to
'at0er t0e scattere( slaves "0o "ere (isplace( % t0e Are$c0 a$(
t0e Europea$ slave tra(ers. T0e Europea$s asse*le( t0e !&rica$
&ree( slaves a$( 'ave t0e* liert% i$ t0eir various settle*e$t areas.
Ho"ever6 t0e% use( t0e slaves c0eapl% i$ t0e laour *ar=et. T0e
*issio$aries also use( t0e slaves c0eapl% to 'et t0e*selves
estalis0e( i$ !&rica. !rou$( 1;776 t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers starte(
u%i$' !&rica$ slaves at 1a'a*o%o. T0e% use( t0e opportu$it% to
eva$'eliDe t0e !&rica$ slaves "0ose souls "ere $e'lecte( i$
eva$'elis* "or=. I$ 1;:96 t0e Superior o& t0e Hol% G0ost
Aat0ers "rote &ro* )aris to t0e Car(i$al )re&ect o& t0e Colle'e
o& )ropa'a$(a i$ Ro*e to i$&or* 0i* o& 0o" t0e% ou'0t c0il(re$6
trai$e( t0e* 6 co$verte( t0e* i$to C0ristia$it% a$( settle( t0e*
i$ C0ristia$ villa'es. He "rote7
8in all o)r missions o)r 4athers +ring )p yo)ng
children! +oth +oys and girls! at great e7pense and a good
n)m+er of these! especially of the girls! are children
+o)ght o)t of sla0ery6 %e ha0e to look after them for
se0eral years )ntil we can esta+lish them and make
Christian ho)se-holds and then Christian 0illages6
I$ 1;:/6 ;;0 c0il(re$ "ere ou'0t i$ t0e slave *ar=ets i$
Co$'o a$( ;?0 at Oua$'ui et"ee$ 1;:. a$( 1;::
respectivel% % t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers. I$ >arc0 ?16 1;:76
Aat0er Hac-uar(6 a *issio$ar% i$ Ti*u=tu reporte( to t0e Ge$eral
!sse*l% o& t0e !$ti,Slaver% societ% i$ )aris t0at t0e% 0a(
a(opte( slaves "0o* t0e% settle( i$ C0ristia$ villa'es. 1% t0is
*et0o(6 t0e i$0aita$ts o& t0e C0ristia$ villa'es "ere co$verte(
i$to C0ristia$it% % t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers. Ho"ever6 t0e Hol%
G0ost Aat0ers 0a( t0e prole* o& &i$a$ci$' i$ t0e C0ristia$
villa'e eva$'elis* *et0o(. 1ut o$ 4
t0
>a%61;;;6 a partial
solutio$ "as reac0e( t0rou'0 t0e letter "0ic0 )ope +eo Piii "rote
to t0e !$ti,Slaver% Societ% i$ )aris to estalis0 a$( &i$a$ce t0irt%
C0ristia$ villa'es &or eva$'elis* a*o$' !&rica$s "0o settle( i$
t0e Are$c0 territories. T0e !rc0is0op o& !l'iers Car(i$al
+avi'evie6 plea(e( &or t0e aolitio$ o& slaver% i$ 1raDil. He *a(e a
re-uest &or aolitio$ o& i$ter$al slaver% i$ !&rica. T0e Car(i$al put
&or"ar( t0e &ollo"i$' pla$s to ot0er 1is0ops to stop t0e i$ter$al
slaver% i$ !&rica. !r*e( *o$=s s0oul( e &or*e( to &i'0t t0e
#e'roes i$ or(er to e$( up t0e tra&&ic=i$' i$ slaves i$ !&rica %
usi$' &orce o& ar*s. T0e )ope su''este( to t0e >issio$aries to u%
t0e !&rica$ slaves a$( settle t0e* i$ a place calle( IC0ristia$
villa'eH. T0e su''estio$ o& t0e )ope "as ta=e$ % t0e
>issio$aries i$ #i'eria. I$ t0e Easter$ part o& t0e cou$tr%6 t0e
Hol% G0ost Aat0ers ou'0t #i'eria$ slaves a$( settle( t0e* i$to
9.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
C0ristia$ villa'es. I$ ot0er to ai( t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e Easter$
part o& #i'eria to eva$'eliDe t0e people6 t0e )ope i$tro(uce(
collectio$ o& *o$e% o$ /
t0
Ja$uar% a$$uall% i$ ever% Cat0olic
C0urc0 &or t0e Hol% G0ost &at0ers &or pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
#i'eria. !out &i&t% people "ere se$t to eva$'eliDe t0e area. !*o$'
t0ese people6 t0ere "ere t"e$t% &ree( slaves i$ t0e *issio$ "or=. I$
1;:06 aout &i&t%, &ive slaves "ere ou'0t a$( i$ 1;:16 t0e *issio$aries
ou'0t aout seve$tee$ slaves. T0e slaves t0at "ere ou'0t settle( i$
C0ristia$ villa'es. I$ 1:0/6 t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers 0a( estalis0e( t0ree
C0ristia$ villa'es i$ t0e #i'er Delta area o& #i'eria. !'ouleri *issio$
statio$s 0a( Sai$t Josep0 as its 0ea(-uarters &or eva$'elis* i$ t0e area.
T0e *issio$ also 0a( aout 400 C0ristia$s "0o "ere i$ c0ar'e o& t0e
sprea( o& t0e 'ospel at O$its0a W0ar&. !rou$( 1:09 T0e 2atica$
su''este( t0at all Cat0olic C0urc0es s0oul( co$triute *o$e% &or t0e
sprea( o& t0e 'ospel i$ #i'eria. !ll Cat0olic C0urc0es t0rou'0out t0e
"orl(6 co$triute( *o$e% &or t0e "or= o& eva$'elis* i$ !&rica6
especiall%6 #i'eria. T0e Are$c0 !$tiQSlaver% Societ% accepte( t0e
su''estio$ o& t0e 2atica$ a$( pro*ise( to *a=e &u$(s availale
to t0e >issio$aries i$ !&rica6 especiall%6 t0ose "0o "ere i$ t0e
Easter$ part o& #i'eria. 4o6ooo Ara$cs "as se$t to t0e
>issio$aries i$ t0e Easter$ parts o& #i'eria &or t0e eva$'elis*
"or= % t0e $a*e( or'a$iDatio$. Ho"ever6 i$ 1:116 i$ Easter$
#i'eria6 t0e Superior o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$6 S0a$a0a$6
0a( a (ispute "it0 t0e Car(i$al o& t0e )ropa'a$(a collea'ues i$
Ro*e over t0e *isuse( o& t0e *o$e% (o$ate( % t0e
or'a$iDatio$ &or t0e purpose o& eva$'elis* i$ t0e area. T0is "as
ecause 0e "as accuse( o& e*eDDli$' t0e *o$e% t0at "as *ea$t
&or eva$'elis* i$ t0e Easter$ parts o& #i'eria % t0e C0urc0.
/<. T)! S0r!+d o2 Ro"+n C+t)o,ic *iion +t N'ii
94
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
I$ Septe*er 1;;46 &our Are$c0 >issio$aries "ere se$t to ope$ a
>issio$ statio$ i$ t0e Easter$ part o& #i'eria. T0e% ope$e( a
*issio$ statio$ at #=issi $ear O$its0a W0ar& "0ic0 "as opposite
t0e a$= o& River #i'er6 $ear t0e slave *ar=et i$ t0e area. I$ 1;;/6
Sa*uel !3a%i Cro"t0er "0o "as a$ !$'lica$ priest (o$ate( a
piece o& la$( to t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ to estalis0 a
>issio$ statio$ at t0e #i'er Delta )astorate area. T0e area "0ic0
!3a%i Cro"t0er 'ave to t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers to pla$t
C0ristia$it% "as &or*all% use( &or u%i$' slaves i$ t0e Easter$
part o& #i'eria. !t O$its0a W0ar&6 a slave "as ou'0t &or :0
Ara$cs o$ 19
t0
Ju$e 1;;/ . Aurt0er*ore6 o$ / !u'ust 1;;/6 a t0ree,%ear,
ol( o% "as sol( &or 19 sac=s o& salt. I$ 1;:16 t0e *issio$aries ou'0t
seve$tee$ slaves. T0e slaves "ere estalis0e( i$ C0ristia$ villa'es. I$
1:0/6 t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers 0a( estalis0e( t0ree C0ristia$ villa'es i$
t0e #i'er Delta area o& #i'eria. !'ouleri >issio$ Statio$ 0a( Sai$t
Josep0 as its 0ea(-uarters &or eva$'elis* i$ t0e area. T0e >issio$ also
0a( &ive 0u$(re( C0ristia$s "0o "ere i$ c0ar'e o& t0e sprea( o& t0e
'ospel at O$its0a "0ar& i$ #i'eria arou$( 1:09.
/</ T)! E%i, Pr+ctic! o2 t)! Onit)+ Indi(!n! in t)! E+r,-
P!riod
T0e O$its0a "0ar& >issio$aries "it$esse( t0e practices o& 0u*a$
sacri&ice a$( slaver% at O$its0a. It "as sai( t0at t0e slaves (eparte(
#upe =i$'(o* &or O$its0a. !$( t0e !saa people ou'0t t0e*. Aor
i$sta$ce6 t"o slaves "ere sacri&ice( (uri$' t0e e$t0ro$e*e$t o& oi
>oreover6 Oi title0ol(ers "ere ver% *a$% at !saa. Eac0 title0ol(er
use( to sacri&ice slaves &or t0eir e$t0ro$e*e$t or urial. 1esi(es6 t0e
!saa people use( to u% slaves &ro* #upe tra(ers at O$its0a. T0e
tas=s &or t0e *issio$aries at O$its0a a$( !saa areas "ere to sta*p out
t0ese evil practices a*o$' t0e i$(i'e$e o& t0e $a*e( to"$s. Aor t0ese
reaso$s6 t0e *issio$aries starte( to purc0ase so*e o& t0e slaves t0at
"ere ou'0t % t0e Ois i$ area. I$ 1;;76 t0e slaves t0at "ere ou'0t %
t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers or >issio$aries "ere use( as laourers to uil( a
0ospital at O$its0a "0ar& &or treati$' t0e sic= a*o$' t0e slaves t0at
settle( i$ t0e area. Ho"ever6 t0e% "ere accuse( o& usi$' t0e slaves &or
laour ut t0e >issio$aries clai*e( t0at slaves "ere use( to uil( t0e
0ospital &or c0aritale purpose.
9/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
3.4T)! Pr+ctic! o2 C)riti+nit- in A(ou,!ri Vi,,+(!
I$ 1;:16 t0e O$its0a *issio$aries co$verte( a C0ie& $a*e( I'i'o
!'ouleri. !t t0e villa'e6 t0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers celerate( >ass eac0
*or$i$' at ...4 a* &ollo"e( % co**u$al pra%er a$( *e(itatio$ o& t0e
C0ristia$s "0o* t0e% ou'0t a$( settle( t0ere. !&ter t0e *or$i$' >ass6
t0e C0ristia$ e@ ,slaves "ere e$'a'e( i$ "or= o$ t0e co&&ee pla$tatio$
t0at "as o"$e( % t0e >issio$aries. I$ a((itio$ to t0ese6 (uri$'
a&ter$oo$ ever%(a%6 t0e C0ristia$ e@,slaves lear$t catec0is* i$ t0e
c0urc0. T0e C0ristia$ e@ O slaves use( ever% eve$i$' to "or= arou$(
t0e *issio$ uil(i$'s. I$ 1;:16 aout seve$t% Ossa*ori "0o "ere
a(0ere$ts o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0 3oi$e( t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic C0urc0. I$
1;:?6 t0e >issio$aries estalis0e( a pri*ar% sc0ool at O$its0a "0ar&
aout &ive 0u$(re( people "ere a(*itte( i$to t0e sc0ool to receive
Wester$ e(ucatio$ .T0is serve( as t0e e'i$$i$' o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic
e(ucatio$ i$ t0e Easter$ part o& #i'eria. So*e o& t0e e@ O slaves6 "0o
"ere trai$e( i$ t0e sc0ool6 "ere e$'a'e( as teac0ers6 i$terpreters a$(
cler=s i$ 'over$*e$t service.
97
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<A T)! )ro#,!" o2 C)riti+n Vi,,+(! E%+n(!,i" in Onit)+
Ar!+
T0e Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$% "as t0e lor( o& t0e #i'er Delta area i$ t0e
earl% 1;:0s. Aor t0ese reaso$s6 t0e co*pa$% co$trolle( all activities i$
t0e area. Aor e@a*ple 6 t0e co*pa$% i*pose( pa%*e$t o& 94 perce$t ta@
o$ all 'oo(s &or t0e >issio$aries t0at "ere saile( % t0e sea to O$its0a
area .I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 t0e% "ere also ta@e( t0e su* o& t0ree pou$(s
&or t0e tra$sportatio$ o& a to$ o& 'oo(s rou'0t t0rou'0 t0e sea to
O$its0a . 1esi(es6 "0atever 'oo(s t0e Cat0olic >issio$aries pai( &or at
t0e Ro%al #i'er co*pa$%6 "oul( e (ela%e( e&ore (eliver%. T0e
i*positio$ o& ta@atio$ o$ t0e 'oo(s o& Cat0olic >issio$ % t0e Ro%al
#i'er Co*pa$% le( t0e Hol% G0ost Societ% aut0orities i$to (et. I$
#i'eria6 &ro* 1;;4 to 1;:0 t0e Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$% sa" t0e Are$c0
Hol% G0ost Societ% as Are$c0 ai(es a$( aettors o& Are$c0 i$terests o$
t0e #i'eria soil. Aor e@a*ple6 Gol( accuse( t0e Superior o& t0e Hol%
G0ost >issio$ o& e$'a'i$' i$ slaver% a$( 0a( 0i* prosecute( a$( &i$e(.
He also clai*e( t0at t0e *issio$ site t0at "as 'ive$ to t0e* % !3a%i
Cro"t0er to estalis0e( a >issio$ statio$ elo$' to t0e Ro%al #i'er
Co*pa$%. !$( t0at t0e Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$% "as o"$e( % t0e 1ritis0
Gover$*e$t. T0ere&ore6 t0e la$(e( properties "0ic0 "ere occupie( %
t0e Are$c0 Hol% G0ost Aat0ers elo$'e( to t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t. So6
t0eir occup%i$' o& *issio$ statio$s i$ O$its0a a$( !saa "as ille'al.
>ars0all t0ere&ore6 replace( t0e Are$c0 >issio$aries "it0 t0e E$'lis0
>issio$aries i$ t0e #i'er area. He su**o$e( Car(i$al +e(oc0o"D=i6
)re&ect o& t0e Co$'re'atio$ o& )ropa'a$(a i$ Ro*e6 a$( Car(i$al
2au'0a$ to re*ove t0e Are$c0 Hol% G0ost &at0ers &ro* t0e #i'er
,Delta areas i$ #i'eria. Aurt0er*ore6 >ars0all also "rote to t0e
Superior Ge$eral o& t0e Cat0olic Societ% i$ )aris6 Aat0er E*o$et t0at
t0ere "as rivalr% et"ee$ t0e Are$c0 a$( t0e E$'lis0 *issio$aries i$ t0e
la$(. T0ere&ore 6 0e "oul( li=e t0e Are$c0 *issio$aries to leave t0e area
&or t0e E$'lis0 *issio$aries6 si$ce t0e% elo$'e( to t0e 1ritis0
'over$*e$t t0at o"$e( t0e (ispute( la$( .T0is also *a(e t0e $e"
Car(i$al 'et i$volve( i$ t0e (ispute( la$( % loo=i$' &or a West
!&rica$ 1is0opric to "0ic0 a 1ritis0 O or$ perso$ coul( e appoi$te( .
!ll t0ese prole*s "it0 t0e Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$%6 over ta@atio$6 t0e
u%i$' o& slaves a$( t0e Are$c0 prese$ce i$ t0e Easter$ part o& #i'eria
*a(e t0e operatio$ o& t0e C0ristia$ 2illa'e e@pe$sive a$( u$pro&itale
i$ #i'eria. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 it "as &elt % t0e *issio$aries t0at it "as
etter &or !&rica$s to eva$'eliDe t0e*selves rat0er t0a$ usi$' W0ite
>issio$aries. T0is vie" co*pou$(e( t0e prole*s o& Cat0olic >issio$
i$ #i'eria i$ t0e earl% 1;:4 to 1;:0s. T0e attitu(e o& t0e Hol% G0ost
Aat0ers s0o"e( t0eir ias to"ar(s t0e !&rica$s t0at t0e% 0a( little or $o
&ait0 i$ t0e !&rica$s eva$'eliDe( i$ #i'eria. Aor t0e% &ocuse( o$ t0e
C0ristia$ villa'e eva$'eliDatio$ *et0o(s i$ t0e easter$ part o& #i'eria
t0at "as le( % t0e "0ite *e$ o$l%. T0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ers also
9;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
i$tro(uce( ot0er *et0o(s o& eva$'elis* i$ #i'eria. Aor i$sta$ce6
+e3eu$e6 Superior o& O$its0a W0ar& >issio$ &ro* 1:00 to 1:046
(e*a$(e( &or &u$(s &ro* t0e Car(i$al Golti6 )re&ect o&
)ropa'a$(a o& C0ristia$it% i$ Ro*e6 to tac=le t0e prole* o&
slaver% i$ #i'eria. !s a result o& t0is6 t0e >issio$aries co$verte(
si@t%,&ive people i$ !'ou(leri i$ #i'eria. I$ 1:016 Golti se$t +e3eu$e
906000 +ira to e use( &or t0e co$versio$ o& !&rica$ slaves to
C0ristia$it%. Despite t0ese *et0o(s t0at "ere use( % t0e
>issio$aries to &i'0t slaver% i$ !&rica6 it "as $ot totall%
era(icate(. Aor t0is reaso$6 +e3eu$e e*ar=e( o$ a researc0 &or
a$ alter$ative *et0o( o& eva$'eliDatio$ "0ic0 "oul( e *ore
e&&ective i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ t0e Easter$ #i'eria. T0e
*et0o( "as t0e i$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% to t0e C0ie&s a$(
+ea(ers o& t0e !'ouleri villa'e. T0rou'0 t0is6 *a$% people "ere
co$verte( to C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area.
?<0 CONCLUSION
It is e@pecte( t0at &ro* t0e stu(% o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( 0ave
lear$t t0e &ollo"i$' poi$ts7
T0e purc0asi$' o& slaves a$( t0eir co$versio$ to C0ristia$it% %
t0e >issio$aries. T0e sprea( o& Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ i$ t0e
East o& t0e Rivers #i'er a$( 1e$ue i$ #i'eria T0e practice o&
t0e O$its0a i$(i'e$es i$ t0e earl% perio(s o& C0ristia$it%.
A<0 SU**ARY
Havi$' 'o$e t0rou'0 t0is u$it6 %ou "oul( 0ave u$(erstoo( t0e
&ollo"i$' poi$t7 T0e >issio$aries e*ar=e( o$ t0e u%i$' o&
slaves i$ O$its0a area6 settle( t0e* i$ villa'es a$( co$verte(
t0e* i$to C0ristia$it%.
T0e )ope i$tro(uce( collectio$ o& *o$e% i$ t0e Cat0olic C0urc0
to ai( t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e sprea(i$' o& t0e Gospel i$ t0e
O$its0a area.
T0e Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$% "as t0e lor( o& t0e #i'er Delta
area i$ earl% 1;:0s. Gol(ie accuse( t0e lea(er o& t0e >issio$aries
o& e$'a'i$' i$ slaver%6 0a( 0i* prosecute( a$( &i$e(. +e3eu$e
replace( Gol(ie i$ 1:01 i$ #i'er area. He searc0e( &or a$
alter$ative *et0o( o& eva$'elisi$' t0e people o& #i'er Delta area.
9:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT

Discuss t0e &ollo"i$'7
1. Gol(ie
9. >ars0all
?. Oi title 0ol(ers at !saa la$( i$ 1;;4.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
5!+U6 O. U. E1:;0F.The 'istory of Christianity in %est "frica Essa%
+ectures6 +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$s Groups +t(.
!(e !3a%i6 J.A. E1:77F. Christian Missions in Nigeria 1841-18915 The
Making of New Elite6 +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$s Groups +t(.

?0
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT A ATTE*PTS TO ESTA9LISH CHRISTIAN
VILLAGE EVANGELIS* IN NORTHERN
NIGERIA 9Y THE *ISSIONARIES IN 177?
CONTENTS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 +or( +u'ar(6 t0e Gover$or o& #i'er !rea
?.9 T0e Role o& +or( +u'ar( i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
?.? T0e Hol% G0ost Aat0ersH Respo$se to +u'ar(Hs
Re-uest
?.. T0e 1ur$i$' o& De=i$a >issio$ statio$ % t0e
>usli*s
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is u$it (eals "it0 t0e $o$,i$ter&ere$ce polic% o& +or( +u'ar( Isla*ic
reli'io$ i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria. It also (iscusses t0e co$triutio$s o&
Ro*a$ Cat0olic C0urc0 to"ar(s t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
Cou "ill also lear$ aout 0o" t0e >issio$aries )la$te( C0ristia$it% i$
t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
(iscuss 0o" C0ristia$it% "as pla$te( i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
(escrie t0e prole*s e$cou$tere( % t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e
pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
state 0o" t0e prole*s "ere solve(.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 Lord Lu(+rdC t)! Go%!rnor o2 Ni(!r Ar!+
Sir +or( +u'ar(6 t0e Gover$or, Ge$eral o& t0e #i'er area
*a(e a polic% t0at C0ristia$it% *ust $ot i$ter&ere "it0 t0e
Isla*ic reli'io$ i$ t0e #ort0er$ part o& #i'eria. He *a(e t0e
polic% i$ or(er to co$trol t0e $ort0er$ people.
?1
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Ho"ever6 0e a((e( a clause t0at "0oever trie( to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area *ust see= &or t0e per*issio$ o& t0e
>usli* lea(er i$ t0e area e&ore e*ar=i$' o$ it. I$ 1;:06 a$
atte*pt at estalis0i$' a C0ristia$ 2illa'e i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
"as *a(e. T0is is ecause t0e Cat0olic >issio$ $otice( t0at
*a$% slaves "0o "ere ou'0t at O$its0a "ere ta=e$ e%o$(
+o=o3a6 I((a0 a$( "ere sol( i$ t0e *ar=et at I$c0itau to t0e
I'ala people i$ t0e $ort0. I$ or(er to stop t0e selli$' a$( u%i$'
o& slaves i$ t0e +o=o3a area6 Aat0er +utD 0a( estalis0e( a
C0ristia$ 2illa'e i$ t0e #ort0. 1esi(es6 +utD also ai*e( to
co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o& t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% alo$' t0e
1e$ue River. Aor t0is reaso$6 0e pla$te( a Cat0olic >issio$ to
t0e area. He "rote t0usB
RThe str)ggle! with Crowther and the #rotestants is
therefore going to +eing6 It2s a matter of not setting
o)rsel0es to +e preceded in the great centers or along the
-en)e &i0er where there is no mission at all so far9
T0e >issio$aries elieve( t0at t0e% "oul( e t0e &irst per*a$e$t
Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$aries i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria6 e@clu(i$' t0e
aortive atte*pt *a(e % a >issio$ar% &ro* +%o$s to settle at
+o=o3a i$ 1;;.. Ho"ever6 Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ statio$s
0a( ee$ estalis0e( i$ t0e #ort0er$ part o& #i'eria arou$(
seve$tee$t0 Ce$tur%. I$ 170;6 t0e% 0a( aout a 0u$(re( Cat0olic
*e*ers i$ t0e 5ororo&a "0ere a Cat0olic priest uilt a si@t%,
e( 0ospital &or treati$' t0e sic= people i$ t0e area. I$ 170;6
Aat0er Carlo (a Ge$eva6 "as appoi$te( )re&ect &or 1or$u
>issio$6 ut 0e (ecli$e( to accept t0e o&&er.
!$ot0er reaso$ &or t0e sprea(i$' t0e o& t0e 'ospel &ro* O$its0a to
t0e #ort0er$ part o& #i'eria is t0e elie& t0at t0e Hausa people
"oul( e attracte( % t0e (octri$e o& Ro*a$ Cat0olic &ait0.
T0e% 0ope( t0at t0e Hausa people i& co$verte( to C0ristia$it% 6
t0e% "oul( e use( &or t0e co$versio$ o& *a$% people i$ t0e
area. Ho"ever6 i$ 1;:06 Gol(ie 0i$(ere( t0e sprea( o& Ro*a$
Cat0olic &ait0 i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. He (i( t0is % "riti$' to
t0e Hea(-uarters o& t0e Hol% G0ost Societ% i$ )aris telli$' t0e*
t0at 0e 0a( (isallo"e( t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% &ro*
co$verti$' >usli*s i$ t0e #ort0er$ part o& #i'eria a$( t0at
0e "as $ot prepare( to protect t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$aries
t0at "e$t e%o$( +o=o3a i$ 5o'i State to sprea( t0eir &ait0. I$
t0e letter6 0e e$close( a cop% o& t0e #i'er Territories pulic
$otice t0at "as "ritte$ i$ Octoer 1;;: &ori((i$' C0ristia$
>issio$aries to "or= i$ >usli* areas "0ic0 is *ai$l% t0e
#ort0er$ parts o& #i'eria. Ho"ever6 t0e 0o*e ase( >issio$aries
?9
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
replie( 0i* t0at Hausa >usli*s coul( e co$verte( i$to C0ristia$it%
"it0out *uc0 prole*. +utD "as "ar$e( % Gol(ie $ot to tr% to
co$ti$ue sprea(i$' C0ristia$it% e%o$( +o=o3a area. I& 0e (oes6
t0e$6 0is >issio$ Statio$ at O$its0a W0ar& "0ic0 elo$' to t0e
Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$% "oul( e ta=e$ over % t0e 'over$*e$t.
Ho"ever6 at t0e e'i$$i$' o& t0e t"e$tiet0 ce$tur%6 t0e prospect
o& otai$i$' a &oot0ol( i$ t0e #ort0 &or t0e purposes o&
eva$'eliDatio$ loo=e( lea=.
/<. T)! Ro,! o2 Lord Lu(+rd in t)! Nort)!rn Ni(!ri+
I$ 1:006 Sir +or( +u'ar(6 t0e Gover$or, Ge$eral &or t0e #i'er area6
tolerate( t0e prese$ce o& C0ristia$ *issio$s i$ t0e #ort0er$ part o&
#i'eria i$ or(er &or >issio$aries to estalis0 Sc0ools to teac0 t0e
co$verts to rea( a$( =$o" t0e Scriptures a$( to attract $o$, C0ristia$s
to Sc0ools a$( t0rou'0 t0is "a%6 t0e C0urc0 "as i$tro(uce( to t0e*.
Ho"ever6 a serious (isaster occurre( i$ t0e Hausa la$( *issio$ o& t0e
C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%. Aor t0at reaso$6 +u'ar( (eci(e( to *o(i&%
0is vie"s aout t0e utilit% o& C0ristia$ >issio$s i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria.
He elieve( t0at i& t0e >issio$s t0at "ere estalis0e( % t0e C0urc0
>issio$ar% Societ% i$ t0e #ort0 "ere reall% practici$' "0at t0e%
preac0e( a$( tau'0t6 t0eir e&&orts "oul( e a 'reat asset to 0is
'over$*e$t i$ t0at part o& #i'eria.
I$ 1:016 t0e !cti$' Hi'0 Co**issio$er6 Wallace6 *a(e a ple('e to t0e
E*ir "0ic0 rea( i$ part t0us7
I (o 0ere% i$ t0e $a*e o& His *a3est% pro*ise %ou protectio$ a$( I (o
'uara$tee t0at $o i$ter&ere$ce % Gover$*e$t s0all e *a(e i$ %our
c0ose$ &or* o& reli'io$6 so lo$' as t0e sa*e (oes $ot i$volve acts
co$trar% to t0e la"s o& 0u*a$it% a$( oppressio$ to %our people.
O$ t0e ot0er 0a$(6 t0e >issio$aries i$ Easter$ #i'eria "ere a"are o&
t0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$tHs polic% o& I$o$,i$ter&ere$ceH i$ t0e reli'io$ o&
t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria a$( (eclare( t0at It0is polic% i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria
"ill e our 'reatest ostacle. +u'ar(Hs protectio$ o& t0e >usli*s6
I"it0 t0e *a@i* 'u$H as t0e% put it6 alo$' "it0 t0e estalis0*e$t o&
>usli* C0ie&s t0rou'0 out t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria "as t0e I'reatest evil
i*a'i$aleH.
Ho"ever6 t0e *issio$aries elieve( t0at t0eir reli'io$ "oul( o$e (a%
pe$etrate i$to #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0is is ecause t0e% realiDe( t0at o$e o&
t0e Gover$*e$tHs *ost ovious prole*s "as t0e -uestio$ o& t0e slave
c0il(re$ &ree( u$(er t0e slaver% procla*atio$ o& 1:00. T0e 1ritis0
??
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
'over$*e$t 0avi$' &ree( t0e c0il(re$ "as respo$sile &or t0e*. To
settle t0e* i$ &a*ilies as "ar(s "oul( 0ave si*pl% tur$e( t0e* i$to
(o*estic slaves.
1esi(es6 t0e )ulic Wor=s Depart*e$t coul( asor a &e" as
appre$tices.
+u'ar( pla$$e( a &ree( slaves Ho*e "0ere t0e c0il(re$ "oul( receive a
secular e(ucatio$. Sir +or( +u'ar( "rote7
I see $o reaso$ "0% reli'io$ e it o& o$e sort or a$ot0er s0oul( e &orce(
upo$ t0e lierate( slaves. I see *uc0 i$ it to e@asperate t0e
>o0a**e(a$ *aster "0o co$si(ers 0i*sel& roe( o& 0is propert% t0at
"e *a% &urt0er e$coura'e( reli'ious propa'a$(a t0at is 0ostile to 0is
Cree(.
+u'ar( "as rat0er perple@e( aout t0e "0ole -uestio$ o& slaver% i$ t0e
#ort0er$ #i'eria a$( "as -uite u$certai$ as to "0et0er t0e procla*atio$
&ori((i$' it "as a 'oo( t0i$'. T0is procla*atio$ coul( lea( to
eco$o*ic c0aos a$( reellio$ si$ce t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria eco$o*% "as
a susiste$ce o$e a$( "it0 i**e$se tracts o& la$( t0ere "as $o e@cess
o& laour. Slaver% 0e elieve(6 "as uilt i$to t0e Hausa s%ste*. So*e o&
t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e East 0a( a(va$ce( t0e sa*e ar'u*e$ts a$(
(e*a$(e( t0e e$(i$' o& t0e villa'e o& liert% or C0ristia$ villa'e s%ste*
o& eva$'eliDatio$ "0ic0 "as ai*e( at &reei$' a$( coverti$' t0e slaves.
T0e procla*atio$ a'ai$st slaver% 0a( ee$ issue( a$( +u'ar( "as le&t
"it0 t0e prole*. 1% 1:046 accor(i$' to a Colo$ial O&&ice Report6 aout
?6070 slaves 0a( ee$ lierate(6 a$( it "as a((e(B It0ese slave retur$s
(o $ot pro&ess to e a co*plete recor(.
+u'ar( "as e'i$$i$' to realiDe t0at It0e care o& c0il(re$ is $ot
lucrativeH.
Aor e@a*ple6 O$e 0u$(re( c0il(re$ i$ t0e care o& a Europea$
Supervisor6 t"o Europea$ "o*e$ 0elpers a$( t"o assista$t !&rica$
teac0ers cost o$e t0ousa$( &our 0u$(re( pou$(s a %ear. +u'ar( =$e"
t0at 0is a(*i$istratio$ i$ #i'eria (epe$(e$t o$ a$ i*perial 'ra$t,i$,ai(
o& t0e colo$ial *asters. T0ere&ore6 t0e a*ou$t ee$ se$t to 0i* % t0e*
to use i$ t0e area "as i$a(e-uate to care &or t0e lierate( slaves. He
poi$te( it out t0at 0e $ee(e( private p0ila$t0rop% i$ t0e "el&are o& t0e
people o& #i'er !rea. E5alu6 O.U6 1:7/F. Ho"ever6 +u'ar( "as
replace( % +e3eu$e as t0e Gover$or o& t0e #i'er !rea % t0e Colo$ial
*asters. He re-ueste( &or p0ila$t0ropists to co*e to 0is ai( i$ cari$' &or
t0e &ree( slave c0il(re$ i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria.
?.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/</ T)! *iion+ri!E R!0on! to L!$!un!E R!Fu!t
!s private p0ila$t0ropists "0o 0appe$e( to e *issio$aries 0ear( o& t0e
re-uest6 t0e% respo$(e( a$( se$t t0e >issio$aries to 0elp i$ cari$' &or
t0e lierate( slaves6 especiall% t0e c0il(re$. T0e% use( t0e opportu$it%
to pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0e >issio$aries
estalis0e( )ri*ar% Sc0ools i$ De=i$a i$ 5o'i State. T0e% also uilt a
>issio$ statio$ i$ t0e area. I$ 1:0?6 t0e Cat0olic C0urc0 0a( 16100
c0il(re$ i$ seve$tee$ )ri*ar% Sc0ools i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0e
Cat0olic >issio$ (estro%e( t0e eco$o*% o& t0e Isla*ic a(0ere$ts i$ t0e
#ort0er$ #i'eria. T0at is6 slaver% usi$ess "0ic0 t0e% "ere e$'a'e( i$
0as ee$ (iscoura'e( % C0ristia$s. T0e >issio$aries tau'0t *oral
i$structio$ i$ t0e villa'es o& liert% rat0er t0a$ t0e Cat0olic Cree(.

/<? T)! 1urnin( o2 D!'in+ *iion St+tion #- t)! *u,i"
I$ 1:0.6 t0e De=i$a >issio$ statio$ "as set o$ &ire % t0e >usli*s i$
or(er to preve$t t0e sprea(i$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area %
>issio$aries. I$ 1:046 a$ot0er riot too= place i$ De=i$a. It "as et"ee$
t0e C0ristia$s a$( t0e >usli*s. T0e >usli*s "a$te( C0ristia$it% to e
era(icate( i$ t0e area. W0ile t0e C0ristia$s i$siste( i$ t0e sprea(i$' o&
C0ristia$it% o$ t0e area.
!out te$ 1ritis0 Sol(iers lost t0eir lives u$(er >a3or >erric= i$
a$ot0er riot t0at too= place i$ t0e sa*e area a&ter t0e ur$i$' o& t0e
>issio$ Statio$ at De=i$a % t0e $atives "0o "ere >usli*s. Ho"ever6
i$ Dece*er6 1:046 t0e >issio$aries "it0(re" &ro* De=i$a area6 ut6
t0e% le&t t0e C0ristia$ villa'es "0ic0 t0e% 0a( estalis0e( i$ t0e area.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
!ccou$t &or t0e role o& Sir +or( +u'ar( i$ re'ar(s to reli'io$ i$
#ort0er$ #i'eria arou$( 1:00 to 1:04.

?<0 CONCLUSION

Cou are $o" co$clu(i$' t0e stu(% o& t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$ i$
#i'eria i$ t0e earl% 1;:0s to 1:04 i$ t0is u$it. T0e >issio$aries "ere
ale to stop 0u*a$ sacri&ice6 slaver% a$( t0e "ors0ip o& a$cestral 'o(s
i$ t0e Easter$ #i'eria t0rou'0 C0ristia$it%. T0e% also estalis0e(
C0ristia$ villa'es i$ t0e area.
>a$% )ri*ar% Sc0ools "ere also estalis0e( to trai$ c0il(re$ i$ t0e
Easter$ a$( #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0e >issio$aries also atte*pte( to
estalis0 *issio$ statio$s i$ t0e #ort0er$ parts o& #i'eria.
?4
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Ho"ever6 t0e% "ere co$&ro$te( "it0 *a$% ostacles &ro* t0e >usli*s
i$ t0e #ort0er$ area. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e% 0a( little ac0ieve*e$ts i$ t0e
#ort0er$ #i'eria.
A<0 SU**ARY
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave stu(ie( t0e &ollo"i$' &acts7
!tte*pts "ere *a(e % t0e >issio$aries to estalis0 >issio$ statio$s i$
t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0e polic% o& Sir +or( +u'ar( 0i$(ere( t0e sprea(
o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0e >issio$aries &ace(
0ostilities &ro* t0e #ort0er$ers. Aor e@a*ple6 t0eir *issio$ statio$s
"ere ur$t (o"$ i$ De=i$a. Ho"ever6 t0e% "ere ale to estalis0 a
>issio$ statio$ at De=i$a "0ere &ree( slaves "ere care( &or % t0e* i$
1:0?.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. State t0e roles o& t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
t0e #ort0er$ parts o& #i'eria.
9. #arrate t0e ostacles t0at co$&ro$te( t0e Cat0olic *issio$aries i$ t0e
#ort0er$ #i'eria et"ee$ 1:00 to 1:04.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
5alu6 O.U. E1:;0F.The 'istory of Christianity in %est "frica6 Essays
(ect)res! +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$.
!(e !3a%i6 J.A. E1:7F. Christian Missions in Nigeria 1841-18916 The
Making of a New Elite! +o$'*a$.
E.). Cra*pto$6 E1:7/F.Christianity in Northern Nigeria! $econd
Edition! Garia7 Gas=i%a Corporatio$6
?/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
*ODULE . THE PROTESTANT *ISSIONS
U$it 1 Sir +or( +u'ar(Hs )ro*ise to t0e E*irs
U$it 9 T0e !ctivities o& C0ristia$s i$ E'a +a$(
U$it ? C0ristia$it% i$ #i'er Delta !rea
U$it . C0ristia$it% i$ 1rass !rea
U$it 4 T0e i*positio$ o& C0ristia$it% o$ t0e Ios
U$it / T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ !=o=o,5u=uru=u !rea
U$it 7 T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ 5aa !rea
UNIT 1 SIR LORD LUGARDES PRO*ISE TO THE
E*IRS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e !ppoi$t*e$t o& E*irs % Sir +or( +u'ar(
?.9 Tu'"ellHs >issio$ar% 3our$e% to 5a$o
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is u$it (iscusses t0e relatio$s0ip et"ee$ t0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$t6 t0e
>issio$s a$( t0e E*irs i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. I$ t0e previous u$it6
%ou 0ave lear$t t0at atte*pts "ere *a(e % t0e >issio$aries to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ De=i$a area. I$ t0e sa*e u$it6 %ou 0ave also lear$t t0at
t0e >issio$aries "ere &ace( "it0 0ostilities i$ t0e area. I$ t0is u$it6 %ou
"ill also lear$ aout t0e a(*i$istratio$ o& >issio$aries i$ t0e #ort0er$
#i'eria. O$ t0e ot0er 0a$(6 %ou "ill also lear$ aout t0e polic% o& Sir
+or( +u'ar( "0ic0 0a( 0i$(ere( t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e
#ort0er$ #i'eria. I$ t0is u$it %ou "ill lear$ 0o" Sir +or( +u'ar(
e@ercise( 1ritis0 aut0orit% over t0e #ort0er$ people. Aor e@a*ple6 0e
i$stalle( so*e rulers "0o a'ree( "it0 0i* i$ t0e *et0o( o&
a(*i$istratio$ o& t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. >oreover6 t0e use o& t0e E*irs
% Sir +or( +u'ar( i$ 0is a(*i$istratio$ i$ t0e area e$coura'e( t0e* to
=ic= a'ai$st t0e estalis0*e$t o& C0ristia$it%6 si$ce 0e 0a( earlier
pro*ise( t0e* t0at 0e "oul( $ot allo" ot0er reli'io$ to e@ist i$ t0e area.

?7
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
e@plai$ "0et0er t0e 1ritis0 rule "as a 0elp or a 0i$(ra$ce to t0e
C0ristia$ >issio$ i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
(iscuss t0e attitu(es o& t0e E$'lis0*e$ a'ai$st C0ristia$it%
(iscuss t0e attitu(es o& t0e "0ite *e$ i$ &avour o& t0e Isla*ic
reli'io$ i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
state t0e prole*s o& &i$a$ce t0at co$&ro$te( t0e >issio$aries i$
t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 Sir Lord Lu(+rdE Pro"i! to t)! E"ir
1% 1:0?6 Sir +u'ar( 0a( succee(e( i$ i*posi$' t0e 1ritis0 aut0orit%
over various 'roups i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. He appoi$te( E*irs "0o
accepte( to co,operate "it0 0is *et0o( o& a(*i$istratio$ to rule t0e
e$tire #ort0er$ #i'eria o$ 0is e0al&. +u'ar( also lo'icall% use(
*ilitar% po"er to suppress t0e Aula$i people "0o "oul( 0ave =ic=e(
a'ai$st t0e rule o& t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t i$ t0eir 5i$'(o*. W0ile t0e
Hausa people su*itte( t0e*selves to t0eir E*irs "0o su3ecte( t0e*
to t0e rule o& t0e 1ritis0. He pro*ise( t0e* t0at 0is rule "oul( e 3ust
a$( &air6 a$( t0at ever% *a$ "oul( e &ree to "ors0ip Go( as please(.
!t t0e i$stallatio$ o& t0e $e"l% appoi$te( Sulta$ o& So=oto i$ >arc06
1:0?6 0e pro*ise( t0at 0is 'over$*e$t "oul( $ot i$ter&ere "it0 t0e
>usli* reli'io$ i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. T0is state*e$t cause(
satis&actio$ a$( pleasure to t0e people o& So=oto Calip0ate. Ho"ever6 o$
t0e ot0er 0a$(6 t0e pro*ise o& +u'ar( as state( aove6 eca*e t0e
source o& co$trovers% "0e$ Tu'"ell a$( 0is part% *a(e t0eir 3our$e% to
5a$o to pla$t C0ristia$it%. O$ t0e ot0er 0a$(6 t0e co*i$' o&
C0ristia$it% to #ort0er$ #i'eria coi$ci(e( "it0 t0e co*i$' o& t0e
*ilitar% to t0e re'io$. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e E*irs "ere a'ai$st t0e
C0ristia$s a$( t0e Sol(iers i$ t0eir territories. T0ere&ore6 t0e
>issio$aries "ere 0a$(icappe( i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e
area. T0e% coul( $ot pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area "0ere t0e% "ere
ei$' oppose( % t0e >usli*s "0o 0ave ee$ assure( % t0e 1ritis0
'over$*e$t t0at $o reli'io$ "oul( e allo"e( i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria
e@cept Isla*. Resi(e$ts i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria atteste( to t0is % sa%i$'
t0at t0e 1ritis0 aut0orities (ee*e( it pru(e$t to restrict >issio$ar%
e$terprise i$ t0e >usli* e*irates till t0e i$tro(uctio$ o& t0e rail"a%
co**u$icatio$ t0at ca*e "0ic0 *a(e t0e ar*%Hs prese$ce i$ t0e area
*ore secure(. !%a$(ele elieves t0at t0e a(*i$istrators use( t0e &ear o&
Isla* to cou$teract t0e i$&lue$ce o& t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% "it0
?;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
t0e Colo$ial o&&ice. T0e cautious attitu(e o& +u'ar( cause( 'reat
(isappoi$t*e$t to t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria. !ppare$tl%
Tu'"ell assu*e( t0at >issio$s "oul( &ollo" t0e *ilitar% e@pe(itio$s i$
t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria 3ust as t0e% 0a( i$ I3eu area i$ t0e Sout0er$ part
o& #i'eria.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
W0% "as C0ristia$it% $ot ale to &louris0 i$ t0e #ort0er$ part o&
#i'eriaK
?<0 CONCLUSION
T0e role o& t0e 1ritis0 'over$*e$t ca$$ot e over loo=e( i$ t0e set ac=
t0at C0ristia$it% su&&ere( i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria as %ou *i'0t 0ave
lear$t i$ t0is u$it. T0e pro*ise t0at +u'ar( 0a( *a(e to t0e people o&
#ort0er$ #i'eria t0at 'ave t0e* assura$ce t0at t0ere "0ul( e $o ot0er
reli'io$ i$ t0e area e@cept Isla* proal% *a(e t0e Hausa, Aula$i
people to accept C0ristia$it% i$ t0e earl% perio( t0at t0e reli'io$ "as
i$tro(uce( to t0e* % t0e >issio$aries. T0e pro*ise *a(e % +u'ar( to
so*e o& t0e E*irs i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria o$ t0e restrictio$ o& ot0er
reli'io$s proal% *a(e so*e E*irs to =ic= a'ai$st so*e Eva$'elists
suc0 as Tu'"ell a$( 0is part% i$ 5a$o "0e$ t0e% trie( to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area. Ho"ever6 t0e co*i$' o& t0e rail"a% &ro* t0e
Sout0er$ part o& #i'eria pave( t0e "a% &or so*e Corua "or=ers a$(
tra(ers to pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ 5a$o6 5a(u$a6 Ilori$ a$( ot0er parts o&
t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria.
A<0 SU**ARY
T0e Gover$or o& t0e Cro"$ Colo$% i$ #i'eria $ee(e( t0e co,operatio$
o& t0e people o& t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria to pa% ta@ to t0e Gover$*e$t6 &or
t0is reaso$6 t0e% allo"e( t0e reli'io$ o& Isla* "0ic0 t0e% *et i$
#ort0er$ #i'eria as t0e o$l% o&&icial reli'io$ o& t0e people. 1esi(es6 t0e
Colo$% "is0e( to 0ave t0e area as t0eir colo$%6 so t0e%6 i$ co$3u$ctio$
"it0 t0e E*irs6 "ere ruli$' t0e #ort0er$ area % "0at is calle( i$(irect
rule.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. W0at "ill %ou co$si(er as t0e reaso$ &or t0e co$troversies o$ t0e
i$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ )art o& #i'eriaK
9. S0oul( t0e E*irs o& t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria e la*e( &or t0e set ac=
C0ristia$it% su&&ere( i$ t0e #ort0K. Discuss.
?:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
Cra*pto$6 E. ). E1:74F.Christianity in Northern Nigeria! Seco$(
E(itio$6 Garia7 Gas=i%a Corporatio$.
O"olai6 !.J. E9004F. RThe 1rowth of the "nglican Ch)rch in "koko-
:a++a *istrict9 ! T0esis su*itte( i$ t0e &ul&ill*e$t o& t0e
re-uire*e$ts &or t0e a"ar( o& t0e De'ree o& Doctor o&
)0ilosop0% i$ C0ristia$ Stu(ies6 Depart*e$t o& Reli'io$s6 Ilori$7
U$iversit% o& Ilori$.
!*i0ere6 >.5. E900.F. 'istory of the Cathedral Ch)rch of the 'oly
Trinity! (oko.a! +a'os7 CSS 1oo=s0ops.


.0
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT . THE ACTIVITIES OF CHRISTIANS IN EG9A
LAND
CONTENTS
1.0I$tro(uctio$
9.0O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 He$r% To"$se$( a$( Wil0ei* arrive( 1a(a'r%
?.9 Revere$( Jo0$so$ Sa*uel !ppoi$te( t0e Secretar% o&
E'a U$ite( Gover$*e$t
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0e &irst u$it6 %ou stu(ie( t0e roles o& +u'ar( a$( t0e E*irs
ostructio$ o& t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #ort0er$ #i'eria. Cou 0ave
also rea( aout 0o" t0e estalis0*e$t o& t0e rail"a% i$ #i'eria ai(e(
t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria i$ t0e earl% :0s .T0is
u$it "ill e$li'0te$ %ou o$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ E'a la$( i$
#i'eria.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
!t t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
(iscuss 0o" C0ristia$it% "as pla$te( i$ E'a la$(
i(e$ti&% t0e prole*s t0at co$&ro$t t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$
E'a la$(.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 H!nr- To4n!nd +nd &i,)!" Arri%!d 9+d+(r-
O$ 9. Dece*er6 1;.96 Revere$(s He$r% To"$se$( a$( Wil0ei*
arrive( 1a(a'r% a$( "ors0ippe( "it0 Revere$( 1irc0 Aree*a$ "0o
"as a$ a(0ere$t o& >et0o(ist &ait0. O$ 9: Dece*er6 1;.96 To"$se$(
le&t 1a(a'r% &or E'a la$(. He "as receive( % Oa So(e=e o&
!eo=uta. !ll co**ercial activities "ere suspe$(e( to "elco*e t0e
>issio$aries to E'a la$( si$ce t0e% re-ueste( &or t0e* to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ t0e la$(. T0e >issio$aries estalis0e( >issio$ Statio$ i$
!eo=uta o$ 97 Jul%6 1;./. !eo=uta "as *a(e t0e Hea(-uarters o& t0e
ot0er >issio$ Statio$s &or Corua la$(. I$ 1;.76 t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar%
.1
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Societ% pla$te( t0eir >issio$s i$ t0e &ollo"i$' to"$s7 !=e6O"u6 I=i3a6
Ito=u6 a$( I'ei$. T0e >issio$aries estalis0e( Su$(a% Sc0ool6 a$(
)ri*ar% Sc0ools &or ot0 t0e ol( a$( %ou$' people i$ E'a la$(. T0e
"ives o& t0e >issio$aries care( &or t0e "o*e$ o& E'a la$(. I$ E'a
la$(6 t0e >issio$aries "ere also i$volve( i$ t0e eco$o*ic6 co**ercial6
social a$( political li&e o& t0e people as state( % Os0itelu. T0e%
e$coura'e( t0e people to tra(e % usi$' O'u$ River as "ater"a% &or
tra(i$'. T0e% ou'0t a$( sol( &ar* pro(uct suc0 as pal* oil a$( cotto$.
I$ 1;/96 t0e >issio$aries uilt !=e Orp0a$a'e i$ !eo=uta to ta=e care
o& Orp0a$s i$ t0e la$(. T0e >issio$ also estalis0e( a #e"s paper
calle( I"e Iro0i$ i$ Corua la$'ua'e. It "as use( as a *e(iu* o&
i$&or*atio$ &or t0e people i$ E'a la$( i$ 1;4:.
/<. R!%!r!nd >o)non S+"u!, A00oint!d t)! S!cr!t+r- o2
t)! E(#+ Unit!d Go%!rn"!nt

I$ 1:096 Revere$( Jo0$so$ Sa*uel "as appoi$te( t0e secretar% o& t0e
E'a U$ite( Gover$*e$t. He "as also =$o"$ as !(e'o%e'a E(u$.
C.1. >oor "as also appoi$te( t0e treasurer o& t0e Societ%. T0e 0i'0est
3u(icial aut0orit% i$ E'a la$( "as $o lo$'er 0el( % t0e O'o$is ut %
a C0ristia$ $a*e( J. >arti$. W0ile Revere$( D.O. Willia*s eca*e t0e
I)ri*e >i$isterH o& t0e !la=e arou$( 1;:; a$( 1:11. I$ 1:006 t0e !la=e
o& E'a la$( $a*e( Ga(eo atte$(e( C0urc0 service at t0e ope$i$' o&
t0e To"$se$( Woo( >e*orial C0urc0. Si$ce t0e$ 0e atte$(e( services
re'ularl%. He eca*e a (evote( C0ristia$ a$( aa$(o$e( t0e tra(itio$al
custo*s o& t0e la$(. Aor i$sta$ce 0e allo"e( 0is &ace to e see$ % 0is
c0ie&s. Aurt0er *ore6 He pra%e( to Go( "0e$ever (rou'0t or ill$ess
e&ell 0is (o*ai$.Oa Ga(eo $o lo$'er co$sulte( (ivi$ers &or
solutio$ to t0e prole*s o& E'a la$( 1ut "e$t to Sai$t )eterHs C0urc0
to pra% to t0e livi$' Go( to solve suc0 prole*s. He also 0a( a C0aplai$
&or t0e =i$'Hs palace i$ !eo=uta to"$. Oa Ga(eo pai( a visit to t0e
=i$' o& E$'la$( i$ 1:0.. =i$' E("ar( vii 'ave 0i* a 1ile as a special
'i&t.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
State t0e roles o& t0e !la=e o& E'a la$( i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
0is la$(.
?<0 CONCLUSION
Cou 0ave rea( i$ t0is u$it t0at t0e E'a people se$t &or >issio$aries to
pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ t0eir area. T0e% accepte( C0ristia$it% a$( it rou'0t
to t0e* social6 spiritual6 e(ucatio$al a$( eco$o*ic 'ai$s "0ic0 &urt0er
sprea( to t0e ot0er areas o& Corua la$(. C0ristia$it% pave( "a% &or Oa
Ga(eo to pa% visit to E$'la$(. T0e 0appi$ess a$( 'ai$s "0ic0 ot0er
.9
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Corua people sa" a*o$' C0ristia$s i$ E'a la$( *a(e t0e* ope$
t0eir 'ates to t0e >issio$aries. T0e C0ristia$s "0o "ere tra(ers also
sprea( t0eir &ait0 to so*e parts o& #ort0er$ #i'eria.
A<0 SU**ARY
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave lear$t t0e &ollo"i$'7
T0e !eo=uta people "elco*e( t0e >issio$aries to t0eir la$( a$(
allo"e( t0e* to pla$t C0ristia$it%.
>a$% >issio$ Statio$s "ere ope$e( % t0e >issio$aries i$ E'a la$(.
T0e >issio$aries estalis0e( a ver$acular $e"spaper calle( RI"e
Iro%i$S.
=<0 TUTOR3 *ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. Discuss t0e roles o& !la=e o& E'a la$( i$ t0e sprea( o&
C0ristia$it% i$ E'a la$(.
9. State t0e e$e&its o& C0ristia$it% to t0e people o& E'a.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
!%a$(ele6 E.!. E1://F.The Missionary Impact on Modern Nigeria
184-1915 ! )olitical a$( Social !$al%sis6 +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$.
!(e, !3a%i6 E1:77F.Christian Missions in Nigeria 1841-18915 The
Making of a New Elite! +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$.
.?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT / CHRISTIANITY IN NIGER DELTA AREA
CONTENTS
1.0I$tro(uctio$
9.0O3ectives
?.0>ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 C0ristia$it% i$ 1o$$%
?.9 T0e Co$triutio$ o& 5i$' Geor'e )epple I i$ t0e )la$ti$'
o& C0ristia$it%
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is u$it "ill i$tro(uce %ou to t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #i'er
Delta. >a$% >issio$ Statio$s "ere estalis0e( % various >issio$s i$
t0e area. T0is is ecause t0e people o& t0e area eve$ i$vite( so*e
>issio$aries to estalis0 t0eir >issio$ Statio$s i$ t0e area. T0e people
"elco*e( t0e >issio$aries ecause t0e% "a$te( t0e* to e(ucate t0eir
c0il(re$. C0ristia$it% rou'0t peace to t0e people o& Delta area. 5i$'
Willia* )epple i$vite( t0e )res%teria$s to estalis0 a >issio$ statio$
i$ t0e area. He pai( t0e salaries o& t0e >issio$aries. T0is rie&
i$tro(uctio$ to t0is su3ect s0oul( spur %ou to stu(% *ore aout t0e
pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e Delta area % various >issio$s.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
(iscuss 0o" C0ristia$it% 'ot to Delta area
e$u*erate t0e e$e&its t0at C0ristia$it% rou'0t to t0e people o&
Delta
(escrie t0e $e'ative attitu(e o& Ja3a to t0e 'ro"t0 o& C0ristia$it%
i$ Delta area.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 C)riti+nit- in 9onn-
I$ 1;/.C C0ristia$it% 'ot to t0e #i'er Delta area. >issio$ statio$s "ere
estalis0e( i$ 1o$$%6 i$ 1;/.6 1rass i$ 1;/;6 Calaar i$ 1;7. a$(
O=ri=a i$ 1;;0. T0e people "ere respo$sile &or t0e e@pe$ses o& t0e
>issio$aries t0at "ere statio$e( i$ t0eir areas. T0e% (i( t0is i$ or(er &or
..
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
t0e >issio$aries to e(ucate t0eir c0il(re$ "0o* t0e% elieve( "oul( e
e$li'0te$e( to oost t0eir co**ercial tra(es i$ t0e &uture. 1esi(es6 t0e
la$( o& 1o$$% "0ic0 "as =$o"$ &or viole$ce eca*e ver% peace&ul as a
result o& C0ristia$sH i$volve*e$t i$ t0e political a$( social a&&airs o& t0e
cit%. T0e estalis0*e$t o& t0e C0ristia$ >issio$ i$ t0e area e$coura'e(
5i$' Willia* )epple "0o "as t0e ruler o& 1o$$% la$( et"ee$ 1;?4
a$( 1;/7. He t0e$ appeale( to t0e )res%teria$ >issio$ i$ E(i$ur'0
1;.; to co*e to 0is =i$'(o* a$( estalis0 a >issio$ statio$ He a$( 0is
c0ie&s volu$teere( to support t0e e(ucatio$al pro'ra**es "0ic0 t0e%
"a$te( t0e >issio$aries to e*ar=e( o$ i$ t0e area. Aurt0er*ore
et"ee$ 1;.: a$( 1;/06 t0e 5i$' o&&ere( to pa% t0e a$$ual salaries o&
t0e >issio$aries "ort0 &ive 0u$(re( pou$(s i$ or(er to e$coura'e t0e*
to sprea( t0e Gospel i$ 0is la$(. Ho"ever6 t0e )res%teria$ >issio$aries
tur$e( (o"$ t0e o&&er ecause t0e 1o$$% people (i( $ot a'ree to
aa$(o$ t0eir tra(itio$al reli'io$. !'ai$ i$ 1;/.6 5i$' Willia* )epple
approac0e( Sa*uel !3a%i Cro"t0er "0o "as i$ c0ar'e o& t0e #i'er
>issio$ to ope$ a >issio$ Statio$ i$ 1o$$% area. I$ 17=76 Cro"t0er
accepte( t0e i$vitatio$ o& t0e 5i$' a$( 0e estalis0e( a >issio$ Statio$
i$ 1o$$%. T0e reli'io$ o& C0ristia$it% (o*i$ate( ot0er reli'io$s i$ t0e
area. T0is 0o"ever le( t0e oppositio$ 'roups especiall% t0e >a$illa
)epple to cause civil "ar i$ t0e area. T0e civil "ar too= place et"ee$
1;/: a$( 1;7?. T0e >a$illa )epple "a''e( "ar a'ai$st t0e !$$ie
)epples "0o 0a( accepte( C0ristia$it% a$( also co$trolle( t0e political
a&&airs o& t0e area. 1ut t0e C0ristia$ 'roups 0a( t0e upper 0a$( over t0e
>a$illas a$( t0is *a(e Ja3a &le( 1o$$%. !*o$' t0e people "0o 0a(
accepte( C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area "ere O=o Ju*o a$( t0e !$$ie )epple
people. T0e% "ere ver% (evote( to t0eir $e" reli'io$ a$( t0us i$curre(
t0e 0atre( o& t0e $o$,C0ristia$s i$ t0e area. Despite t0eir 0atre( O=o
Ju*o su*itte( 0i*sel& to lear$i$'6 rea(i$' a$( "riti$'. He "e$t
aout rea(i$' t0e 1ile eve$ i$ Lua Io *ar=et6 t0e &a*ous oil tra(e
area. His actio$ o& rea(i$' t0e 1ile i$ t0e pulic places i$(icate( t0at
0e supporte( t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ 1o$$% area. O=o spo$sore(
t0irtee$ pupils i$ t0e oar(i$' sc0ool at a cost o& o$e 0u$(re( a$( &i&t%
si@ pou$(s. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 0e also uilt a to"er &or t0e C0urc0 ell
i$ 1o$$%.
/<. T)! Contri#ution o2 Bin( G!or(! P!00,! I to t)! S0r!+d
o2 C)riti+nit- in 9onn-
Ju*o &urt0er c0a*pio$e( t0e ca*pai'$ o$ stoppi$' t0e =illi$' o& t"i$s
i$ 1o$$% i$ 1;/;. Ja3a "as a'ai$st t0e C0ristia$s &or preac0i$' a'ai$st
t0e sacri&ice o& t0e i'ua$as6 t0at is6 t0e i' liDar( to t0e i(ol o& t0e la$(.
So6 0e persecute( t0e C0ristia$s i$ t0e la$(. Ho"ever6 t0e >issio$aries
(i( protect t0e &a*il% o& >a$illa )epple % provi(i$' s0elter &or t0e* i$
t0e *issio$ 0ouse. 1ut t0e people o& Ja3a6 t0e% 0a( $o protector &or t0is
reaso$6 t0e% "ere =ille( i$ t0e civil "ar. Ja3a sa" 1is0op !3a%i
.4
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Cro"t0er as 0is e$e*% t0ere&ore6 "oul( $ot "elco*e 0i* a$( ot0er
C0ristia$s i$ t0e $e" la$( $a*e( Opoo "0ic0 0e 0a( relocate( a&ter
escape( &ro* 1o$$%.
I$ 1;/76 5i$' Geor'e )epple I eca*e t0e 5i$' o& 1o$$%. He "as a$
a(0ere$t o& t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0 i$ 1o$$% la$(. He e$coura'e( t0e
citiDe$s to aa$(o$ t0eir tra(itio$al reli'io$ &or C0ristia$it%. He also
e$coura'e( t0e* to a(opt t0e "0ite *a$Hs (ressi$'. Geor'e )epple 0a(
0is &or*al e(ucatio$ i$ E$'la$( "0ere 0e "as co$verte( i$to
C0ristia$it%. He also accepte( t0e W0ite *a$ civiliDatio$ "0ic0 0e
i$tro(uce( to 0is people i$ 1o$$% 5i$'(o*. He =ic=e( a'ai$st
elo$'i$' to secret societ% "0ile 0e "as o$ t0e t0ro$e i$ t0e la$(. He
e$coura'e( 0is su3ects to serve t0e livi$' Go( i$stea( o& i(ols o& t0e
la$(. Geor'e avoi(e( t0e ta=i$' o& oat0s a$( per&or*i$' o& t0e
tra(itio$al rites i$ t0e la$(. I$stea(6 0e =ept to 0is C0ristia$ &ait0
M!%a$(ele pp.7;,7:N. He also replace( t0eir tra(itio$al co$stitutio$ "it0
t0e C0ristia$ co$stitutio$. Geor'e 'ave t0e citiDe$s e-ual ri'0ts a$(
'ave slaves &ree(o* i$ t0e la$( o& 1o$$%. He also tau'0t Su$(a%
Sc0ool C0il(re$ o$ Su$(a%s i$ 1o$$%. I$ 1;;1 0e "as appoi$te( t0e
Ai$a$ce Co**ittee *e*er o& t0e #i'er >issio$. He see= political
a(vice &ro* t0e >issio$aries i$stea( o& t0e tra(itio$al c0ie&s o& 1o$$%
la$(. He "as 0ate( % t0e c0ie&s &or t0ese actio$s. He patro$iDe(
>issio$aries i$ or(er to lierate 0is people &ro* i'$ora$ce a$(
superstitious elie&s. !ll C0ristia$s i$ t0e la$( e$3o%e( rot0er0oo(6
&ree(o*6 i$(ivi(ual ri'0ts6 3ustice a$( 0o$our t0at "ere lac=i$' (uri$'
t0e rei'$ o& Ja3a.
U$(er Ja3a6 slaves "ere a(l% &e( a$( ill,treate(. Aor e@a*ple6
accor(i$' to !%a$(ele6 slave *asters 0a( po"er o& li&e a$( (eat0 over
t0e*. T0e ruli$' 0ouse (e$ie( slaves *a$% lierties suc0 as &ree(o* o&
speec0 a$( i$0erita$ce *arria'e.
Ho"ever6 i$ 1:016 +or( +u'ar(6 t0e Gover$or o& t0e #i'er area6 e$acte(
a la" t0at aolis0e( u$3ust practices i$ t0e la$(. T0e outco*e o& t0e
prese$ce o& t0e >issio$aries i$ t0e #i'er Delta area i$(icate( t0at t0e
accepta$ce o& C0ristia$it% % slaves i$ t0e area save( t0e* &ro* t0e
0u*iliatio$ o& t0e ruli$' 0ouse. C0ristia$s i$ t0e area eca*e t0e *ost
use&ul a$( la",ai(i$' citiDe$s o& t0e la$(. !ccor(i$' to !%a$(ele6 t0e%
"ere i$(ustrious a$( t0e% practice( t0e pri$ciples o& t0eir &ait0 a$( t0e%
"ere &ou$( *ore trust"ort0% t0a$ t0e $o$,C0ristia$s. I$ t0e #i'er
Delta area6 C0ristia$it% provi(e( a social leveler &or t0e citiDe$s. Aor
e@a*ple6 slaves "ere treate( e-uall% "it0 t0eir c0ie&s a$( t0e c0il(re$
o& c0ie&s a$( slaves atte$(e( t0e sa*e sc0ool6 t0e% sat to'et0er i$ t0e
sa*e class roo* to lear$ a$( "ors0ip i$ t0e sa*e C0urc0. Ho"ever6 i$
1;;?6 t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% trie( to *a=e 1o$$% t0e
0ea(-uarters o& t0e #i'er >issio$ t0i$=i$' t0at 1is0op !3a%i Cro"t0er
./
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
a$( t0e Europea$ >issio$aries "oul( leave i$ t0e area. T0e c0ie&s o& t0e
la$( put t0e case e&ore 5i$' Ja3a "0o a(vise( t0e* to re3ect t0e o&&er
&or it "oul( pave "a% &or t0e 1ritis0 to colo$iDe t0e*. 1ut Geor'e
presse( t0e c0ie&s to allo" t0e >issio$aries to estalis0 i$ t0e area.
Ho"ever6 0e "as accuse( % Ja3a t0at 0e 0a( i$terest i$ t0e issue
ecause 0e "as 'ive$ o$e t0ousa$( pou$(s % t0e >issio$aries as
rie. Aor t0e "ro$' $otio$ "0ic0 Ja3a 0a( a'ai$st t0e estalis0*e$t o&
t0e *issio$ statio$ i$ t0e la$(6 0e a(vise( t0e c0ie&s to se$( a"a%
!&rica$ >issio$aries i$clu(i$' 1is0op Sa*uel !3a%i Cro"t0er. T0e
c0ie&s t0ere&ore se$t a"a% 1is0op Cro"t0er &ro* t0eir la$(.
Co$se-ue$tl%6 1is0op Cro"t0er relocate( to 1rass a$( estalis0e( a
>issio$ statio$.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
Discuss t0e roles o& so*e c0ie&s i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Delta.
?<0 CONCLUSION
T0e people o& Delta i$vite( t0e >issio$aries to t0eir area to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ various places. !s a result6 t0e% "elco*e( t0e
>issio$aries to t0eir la$(. T0e% also co$triute( to t0e "el&are o& t0e
>issio$aries volu$taril%. Aor i$sta$ce6 5i$' Willia* )epple supporte(
t0e )res%teria$ to estalis0 >issio$ statio$ a$( sc0ools i$ t0e area.
So*e o& t0e c0ie&s elieve( i$ Jesus C0rist. T0e% allo"e( t0eir c0il(re$
to receive &or*al e(ucatio$ &ro* t0e Sc0ools t0at "ere estalis0e( %
t0e >issio$aries. Ho"ever6 Ja3a =ic=e( a'ai$st t0e >issio$aries &or 0is
sel&is0$ess. Cou 0ave also lear$t t0at !3a%i Cro"t0er "as se$t a"a%
&ro* t0e area. He later relocate( to 1rass "0ere 0e estalis0e( a
>issio$ statio$.
A<0 SU**ARY
T0e &ollo"i$' are t0e *a3or poi$ts %ou 0ave lear$t i$ t0is u$it7
T0e people o& Delta i$vite( so*e >issio$aries to estalis0
various >issio$ statio$s i$ t0e area.
T0e people o& Delta ai(e( t0e >issio$aries "it0 &i$a$ce to pa%
t0eir "or=ers. >a$% sc0ools "ere estalis0e( % t0e >issio$aries
i$ t0e area as *ea$s o& co$verti$' t0e* i$to C0ristia$it%.
So*e o& t0e pupils "ere also use( to i$terpret t0e 'ospel to
people i$ t0e #i'er Delta.
+ater t0e >issio$aries "ere persecute( % so*e c0ie&s i$ t0e area
i$ or(er to ac0ieve t0eir sel&is0 e$(s.
T0e persecutio$ eca*e a lessi$' to t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel to
ot0er areas6 suc0 as 1rass area.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
.7
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
1. C0ristia$it% rou'0t pro'ress to Delta people. Discuss.
9. W0% (i( Ja3a persecute t0e >issio$ariesK
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
!%a$(ele6 E.!. E1://F.The Missionary Impact on Modern Nigeria!
184-19145 " #olitical and $ocial "nalysis! +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$.
!3a%i6 J.A. E1:/4F. Christian Missions in Nigeria! 1841-18915 The
Making of a New Elite6 +o$(o$7 +o$'*a$.


.;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT ? CHRISTIANITY IN 9RASS AREA
CONTENTS
1.0I$tro(uctio$
9.0O3ectives
?.0>ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e I$vitatio$ o& t0e >issio$aries to 1rass +a$(
?.9 T0e I*positio$ o& C0ristia$it% o$ t0e Io
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is u$it i$tro(uce( %ou to t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e 1rass area.
It is i$teresti$' to $ote t0at "0ile ot0ers "ere re3ecti$' t0e >issio$aries
i$ t0eir la$(6 t0e 1rass people "ere a$@ious to receive t0e* a$( "is0
t0e* to pla$t *a$% >issio$ Statio$s i$ t0eir la$(. T0e c0ie&s o& t0e la$(
volu$teere( t0e*selves to ai( t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0eir areas.
Ho"ever6 i$ 1;716 t0ere "as a$ out rea= o& s*all,po@ t0at =ille( *a$%
c0il(re$ i$ t0e area6 a$( C0ristia$s "ere 0el( respo$sile. T0e% "ere
persecute( % so*e o& t0e tra(itio$al c0ie&s as a result. !ll t0ese %ou
"ill lear$ i$ t0is u$it. Despite t0e persecutio$ o& C0ristia$s i$ 1rass6
so*e pro*i$e$t c0ie&s "ere "o$ &or Jesus C0rist i$ t0e la$(. Cou "ill
also lear$ &ro* t0is u$it 0o" C0ristia$it% rou'0t peace to t0e people o&
1rass.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
i(e$ti&% t0e reaso$s "0% t0e 1rass people i$vite( t0e
>issio$aries
(iscuss 0o" C0ristia$s "ere later persecute( % so*e o& t0e
c0ie&s i$ 1rass
State t0e reaso$s &or i*posi$' C0ristia$it% o$ t0e Ios.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! In%it+tion o2 t)! *iion+ri! #- 9r+
T0e >issio$aries "ere i$vite( % t0e people o& 1rass to pla$t
C0ristia$it% i$ t0eir la$( et"ee$ 1;;. a$( 1;;7.
.:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
T0e c0ie&s accepte( C0ristia$it% as t0eir *ai$ reli'io$ o& t0eir societ%.
Ho"ever6 i$ 1;716 t0ere "as a$ out rea= o& s*allpo@ t0at a&&ecte( t0eir
c0il(re$. So*e people i$ t0e la$( accuse( C0ristia$s t0at t0e% "ere t0e
o$es t0at cause( it. T0e 1rass c0ie&s i*pose( a &i$e o& seve$t% t0ousa$(
pou$(s o$ all t0e a(0ere$ts o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e la$(. !&ter t0e
pa%*e$t o& t0e &i$e t0e slaves i$ 1rass 'ai$e( total &ree(o* &ro* t0e
c0ie&s i$ 1rass. T0e slaves put t0eir &ait0 i$to practice % e0avi$' ver%
"ell i$ t0e la$( o& 1rass. I$ 1;7.6 5i$' Oc=i%a testi&ie( t0at C0ristia$s
i$ t0e la$( "ere la",ai(i$' citiDe$s.M!%a$(ele6 1::16 pp.;.,;4N. I$
1;7:6 political a$( social a&&airs c0a$'e( i$ 1rass as C0ristia$it%
i$&lue$ce( t0eir lives positivel%.
Aurt0er*ore6 it "as reporte( % !%a$(ele t0at 5i$' Oc=i%a a$( t0e
ot0er c0ie&s o& 1rass la$( surre$(ere( t0eir i(ols a$( t0e% eca*e
C0ristia$s i$ 1;7/. I$ t0e sa*e %ear6 *a$% people i$ T"o$ a$( #e*e
t0e capital o& 1rass "ere co$verte( % t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%
i$to C0ristia$it%. Sa*uel !3a%i Cro"t0er "as i$ c0a$'e o& t0e area as a
>issio$ar%. T0e 5i$' a$( t0e c0ie&s o& t0e area respecte( 0i* &or
e(ucati$' t0e* a$( t0eir C0il(re$.
?.9 T)! Pr!#-t!ri+n *iion+ri! in I#o L+nd
T0e )res%teria$ >issio$aries i*pose( C0ristia$it% o$ t0e Io arou$(
1;:;.T0e i*positio$ o& C0ristia$it% o$ t0e Io "as c0a*pio$ % !ro
C0u="u people (uri$' a$ e@pe(itio$ arou$( 1;:;. 1et"ee$ 1:01,1:096
Sir Ralp0 >oor a$( t0e )res%teria$ >issio$aries a'ree to &orce t0e
people to accept C0ristia$it%. T0e% (i( it % (estro%i$' t0e 3u3u t0at "as
t0e cita(el o& t0e tra(itio$al reli'io$ o& t0e Io. Dr Rattra%6 a *e(ical
*issio$ar% acco*pa$ie( t0e "arriors or troops to lau$c0 a$ attac= o$
t0e people. W0e$ t0e troops (e&eate( t0e Io6 Dr T.1. !(a*s starte(
preac0i$' t0e Gospel to t0e*. !&ter so*e "ee=s6 Ja*es Jo0$so$ a$(
>ar% Slessor preac0e( t0e Goo( #e"s to t0e Io. I$ 1;;;6 t0e #i'er
Co*pa$% &orce( t0e C0ie&s o& !saa to set &ree slaves t0at "ere i$ t0eir
possessio$s. T0e% "ere also (irecte( to 0a$( over t0e &ree( slaves to t0e
S.>.!. >issio$aries "0o starte( t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ t0e +o"er
#i'er area si$ce 1;;.. I$ 1;:?6 E'os0a eca*e t0e re'e$t i$ Issele,
U=u.
T0e re'e$t i$vite( t0e S.>.!. to estalis0 a >issio$ Statio$ i$ t0e la$(.
C0ie&s o& t0e la$( "ere eva$'eliDe( a$( t0e% eca*e C0ristia$s. !*o$'
t0e* "ere E%o Ho$est% ii o& Cree= To"$. 1ot0 t0e =i$' a$( t0eir c0ie&s
set t0eir slaves &ree. T0e slaves eca*e C0ristia$s. E'os0a also
aa$(o$e( t0e tra(itio$al rites. I$stea(6 0e pra%e( to t0e +ivi$' Go( to
overco*e prole*s o& t0e la$(. >oreover6 t0e Scottis0 >issio$aries
also sprea( t0e Gospel to Itu a$( i$ t0e Sout0,East area. !$( t0e #i'er
Delta )astorate co$ti$ue( t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ t0e Delta area. T0e
Lua Io >issio$ Co$'re'atio$alist or'a$iDatio$ at 1el&ast estalis0e(
40
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
t0eir >issio$ statio$ Hea(-uarters at Eti$a*. T0e >et0o(ists
estalis0e( t0eir Hea(-uarters at UDua=oli. T0e C0urc0 >issio$ar%
Societ% estalis0e( t0eir Hea(-uarters at O$its0a. T0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic
>issio$ also estalis0e( t0eir Hea(-uarters i$ O$its0a. T0e Ro*a$
Cat0olic >issio$ sprea( t0e Gospel to !"=a a$( O"erri. W0ile t0e
C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% a$( t0e S.>.!. sprea( t0e Gospel to"ar(s
1e$i$ a$( t0e 5u=uru=u area.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
#a*e t0ree >issio$ statio$s i$ t0e Io la$( a$( state t0e e$e&its t0at
t0e people i$ t0e area (erive( &ro* C0ristia$it%.
?<0 CONCLUSION
Aro* t0e e'i$$i$' o& t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave stu(ie( t0e various *et0o(s
t0at "ere use( % t0e >issio$aries to sprea( t0e Gospel a*o$' t0e
people i$ t0eir various locatio$s i$ #i'eria. Cou 0ave also stu(ie( i$
t0is u$it 0o" t0e i$vite( "arriors (e&eate( t0e people o& Io. I$ t0e u$it6
%ou 0ave lear$t 0o" people li=e !(a*s6 Rattra% a$( >ar% Slessor
acco*pa$ie( t0e >issio$aries i$to t0e la$( o& t0e Ios i$ #i'eria.
1esi(es6 %ou 0ave lear$t 0o" so*e >issio$aries pla$te( t0eir &ait0s i$
Io la$( et"ee$ 1;;; to 1;:?. It is elieve( t0at %ou 0ave also lear$t
t0at so*e >issio$aries use( Io la$( as t0eir 0ea(-uarters &or t0e sprea(
o& t0e Gospel to ot0er parts o& #i'eria. Aor i$sta$ce6 O$its0a "as use(
as t0e 0ea(-uarters % t0e Cat0olic >issio$ to sprea( t0eir &ait0 to
!"=a a$( Warri areas i$ #i'eria. W0ile t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%
a$( S.>. !.also use( O$its0a &or t0eir >issio$ 0ea(-uarters to sprea(
t0e Gospel to 1e$i$ a$( t0e 5u=uru=u area.
A<0 SU**ARY
Aro* t0e e'i$$i$' o& t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave stu(ie( t0e various *et0o(s
t0at "ere use( % t0e >issio$aries to sprea( t0e Gospel a*o$' t0e
people i$ t0eir various locatio$s i$ #i'eria. Cou 0ave also stu(ie( i$
t0is u$it 0o" t0e i$vite( "arriors (e&eate( t0e people o& Io. I$ t0e u$it6
%ou 0ave lear$t 0o" people li=e !(a*s6 Rattra% a$( >ar% Slessor
acco*pa$ie( t0e >issio$aries i$to t0e la$( o& t0e Ios i$ #i'eria.
1esi(es6 %ou 0ave lear$t 0o" so*e >issio$aries pla$te( t0eir &ait0s i$
Io la$( et"ee$ 1;;; to 1;:?. It is elieve( t0at %ou 0ave also lear$t
t0at so*e >issio$aries use( Io la$( as t0eir 0ea(-uarters &or t0e sprea(
o& t0e Gospel to ot0er parts o& #i'eria. Aor i$sta$ce6 O$its0a "as use(
as t0e 0ea(-uarters % t0e Cat0olic >issio$ to sprea( t0eir &ait0 to
!"=a a$( Warri areas i$ #i'eria. W0ile t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%
a$( S.>.!. also use( O$its0a &or t0eir >issio$ 0ea(-uarters to sprea(
t0e Gospel to 1e$i$ a$( t0e 5u=uru=u area.
41
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. Discuss so*e la% people "0o "ere i$volve( i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e
Goo( #e"s i$ Io la$(.
9. !ccou$t &or t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% to Warri.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
!(e !3a%i6 J. A. E1:77F. Christian Missions in Nigeria! 1841-18915 The
Making of a New Elite! +o$(o$5 +o$'*a$6
!%a$(ele6 E6 "6 ;1://F.The Missionary Impact on Modern Nigeria!
184-1914! +o$(o$5 +o$'*a$6
.
49
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT A THE PLANTING OF CHRISTIANITY IN
ABOBO3BUBURUBU AREA
CONTENTS
1.0I$tro(uctio$
9.0O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e )la$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ !=o=o, Ga$'iri
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill stu(% 0o" t0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0 i$ a
to"$ at !=o=o,Ga$'iri $a*e( O'ori ca*e i$ co$tact "it0 t0e
a(0ere$ts o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0 &ro* ot0er Wester$ parts o& #i'eria "0o
"ere tra(ers. T0e people o& O'ori sprea( C0ristia$it% to ot0er people i$
!=o=o,Ga$'iri. Cou "ill also stu(% 0o" t0e people later i$vite(
Josep0 O=oro'o6 a teac0er a$( a Cat0olic &ait0&ul *e*er i$ t0e area
to teac0 t0e* t0e art o& rea(i$' a$( "riti$' Corua alp0aets. T0e%
elieve( t0at t0is "oul( oost t0eir i$teractio$ "it0 ot0er tra(ers "0o*
t0e% *i'0t co*e across i$ t0eir usi$ess. !&ter t0e% 0a( lear$t 0o" to
rea( a$( "rite &ro* O=oro'o6 t0e% e*ar=e( o$ tra(i$' a$( sprea(i$'
o& t0e Gospel to t0eir $ei'0ours at !=o=o, Ga$'iri area.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
(escrie 0o" C0ristia$it% "as sprea( to ot0er parts o& !=o=o,
Ga$'iri % t0e O'ori people
i(e$ti&% t0e e$e&its t0at "ere (erive( &ro* C0ristia$it% % t0e
!=o=o, Ga$'iri people.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! P,+ntin( o2 C)riti+nit- in A'o'o3 G#+n(iri Ar!+

T0e !=o=o,Ga$'iri area co*prises O'ori a$( >a'o$'o i$
O'ori/>a'o$'o +ocal Gover$*e$t i$ 5o'i State6 1e=u*a6 +a*pese6
Se*oli=a6 Iillo6 E$isa$6 O(a'ala6 O3ila*i6 I=pesi6 O3a06 O'u'u6
>a=e=e6 U*o'a a$( Ososo i$ !=o=o,E(o +ocal Gover$*e$t i$ E(o
State. 1et"ee$ 1;90 a$( 1;/06 !=o=o,Ga$'iri "as a(*i$istere( as
4?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
part o& t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria % >assa"a6 t0e E*ir o& #upe i$ #i'er
State o& #i'eria6 a$( I=are,!=o=o "as *a(e t0e 0ea(-uarters o& t0e
#upe E*irate. 1e&ore t0e co*i$' o& C0ristia$it% to t0e area6 !&rica$
tra(itio$al reli'io$ a$( Isla* "ere t0e reli'io$s o& t0e people.
Isla* "as i$tro(uce( to t0e people % t0e #upe >usli* tra(ers arou$(
1;/0. Ho"ever6 i$ 1;/46 t0e Ro%al #i'er Co*pa$% 0elpe( t0e people o&
!=o=o,Ga$'iri to c0ase a"a% t0e #upe "arriors "0o "ere t0e$
terrorisi$' t0e* u$(er t0e E*ir >assa"a o& #upe la$(. T0e Ro%al
#i'er Co*pa$% too= over !=o=o, Ga$'iri !rea &ro* t0e #upe
"arriors. 1ut i$ 1:006 t0e 1ritis0 Gover$*e$t too= over t0e area. Sir
Are(ric= +or( +u''ar( "as *a(e t0e Gover$or,'e$eral % t0e 1ritis0
'over$*e$t. He co$trolle( !=o=o,Ga$'iri people a$( t0e +o=o3a
!reas. T0e prese$ce o& Sir +or( +u''ar( i$ t0e +o=o3a !rea rou'0t
&ree(o* to t0e people o& !=o=o, Ga$'iri. Aro* 1;:06 so*e o& !=o=o,
Ga$'iri people "0o 0a( ru$ to ot0er la$(s starte( retur$i$' to t0eir
various 0o*es. So*e o& suc0 retur$ees "0o 0a( t0e opportu$it% to
e$'a'e i$ tra(i$' "it0 ot0er people outsi(e !=o=o,Ga$'iri6 t0e% ca*e
i$ co$tact "it0 C0ristia$it%. !ccor(i$' to !=a$(e6E1:::F6 *a$% tra(ers
"0o "ere i$(i'e$es o& !=o=o,Ga$'iri "0o 0aile( &ro* O'ori "ere
i$tro(uce( to t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% % ot0er tra(ers i$ E3iri$
$ear I3eu,O(e area. !*o$' t0e tra(ers "0o "ere a(0ere$ts o& t0e
C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% i$ O'ori "ere >essrs >oses !$u"esi
E'a(i6 Da$iel !=erele6 Sa*uel !i%eusi a$( Josia0 Dara*ola. T0ese
people rou'0t t0e people o& O'ori to'et0er a$( t0e% &or*e( 1ile
rea(i$' 'roups i$ O'ori. I$ 1:116 t0e 1ile rea(i$' 'roup o& O'ori "as
tur$e( i$to t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ%. T0e O'ori people i$vite( t0e
late Josep0 O=oro'o &ro* O=pe i$ E(o State to O'ori i$ or(er to teac0
t0e* 0o" to rea( t0e Hol% 1ile. O=oro'o "as a Ro*a$ Cat0olic
&ait0&ul. He "as proal% e(ucate( % t0e Ro*a$ Cat0olic >issio$aries
"0o arrive( at 1e$i$ i$ earl% 1:
t0
Ce$tur%. T0is proal% 'ave 0i* t0e
opportu$it% to e(ucate t0e O'ori people. !(ults "0o receive( &or*al
e(ucatio$ u$(er Josep0 O=oropo at O'ori 3oi$e( t0e i$(i'e$ous tra(ers
t0at rou'0t C0ristia$it% to O'ori i$ C0ristia$ "ors0ip services i$ 1:11.
I$ 1:1?6 t0ese C0ristia$s at O'ori co$stitute( Sai$t )eterHs C0urc06
O'ori. I$ t0e sa*e %ear6 t0e C0urc0 trai$e( *a$% o& 0er *e*ers as
Eva$'elists. T0e% eca*e Rovi$' Eva$'elists i$ !=o=o,Ga$'iri !rea.

Sa*uel !i%eusi "as se$t to Ososo to sprea( t0e Gospel i$ t0e area. !s
a result o& t0e prese$ce o& !i%eusi i$ t0e area6 a(0ere$ts o& t0e
!$'lica$ &ait0 i$ O'ori estalis0e( a >issio$ Statio$ i$ Ososo i$ 1:90.
T0e% $a*e( t0e >issio$ Statio$ Sai$t )eterHs C0urc06 Ososo. I$ t0e
sa*e %ear6 >r. Isaac Te$ae "as poste( &ro* O"o >issio$ statio$ to
O'ori % t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0 i$ t0e area to &or*aliDe t0e prese$ce o&
t0e !$'lica$ Co**u$io$ i$ t0e area. He "as also *a(e a
teac0er/catec0ist o& ot0 t0e C0urc0 a$( t0e Sai$t )eterHs sc0ool t0at
4.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
"as estalis0e( % t0e !$'lica$s i$ O'ori. T0e sc0ool "as &ou$(e( %
t0e* i$ or(er to trai$ t0eir c0il(re$ o$ 0o" to rea( a$( "rite i$ t0e
Corua a$( E$'lis0 la$'ua'es i$ or(er to oost t0eir tra(es "it0 ot0er
C0ristia$s especiall% i$ Corua la$(. Ho"ever6 *a$% pupils t0at "ere
trai$e( i$ t0e sc0ool "ere e$'a'e( % t0e !$'lica$ >issio$ to preac0
a$( trai$ pupils i$ t0e >issio$ sc0ools t0at "ere estalis0e( % t0e
!$'lica$ &ait0 *e*ers i$ !=o=o, 5u=uru=u areas.
T0e catec0ist/ teac0ers use( *a$% strate'ies to co$vert t0e 5u=uru=u
people. !*o$' t0ese "ere 0ouse to 0ouse eva$'elis*6 t0e use o& ope$
places &or eva$'elis*6 class *eeti$'s6 visitatio$s a$( Su$(a% services to
*e$tio$ ut a &e" *et0o(s.MO"olai 9004 )).:0,10161196 1706 17:.N
O$ 94
t0
>arc06 1:906 t0e Corua >issio$ Statio$s a$( #ort0er$ #i'eria
>issio$ Statio$s "ere co$stitute( i$to t0e +a'os Diocese. T0e Revere$(
Ara$= >elville Jo$es "as its &irst 1is0op. O$ t0e 9:
t0
o& Septe*er6
1:906 t0e 1is0op poste( Revere$( +ac=la$( !u'ustus +e$$o$ to I=are,
!=o=o. He too= over !=o=o,5aa >issio$ Statio$s. I$ 1:9.6 a C0urc0
Cou$cil "as 0el( at O'ori6 t0e Cou$cil approve( t0e elevatio$ o&
!=o=o6 O'ori C0urc0es to'et0er "it0 5aa C0urc0es a$( Eira
C0urc0es to t0e status o& District C0urc0 Cou$cil u$(er t0e
superi$te$(e$ce o& Revere$( +e$$o$. Ola'o%eM9009N states t0at &or
eas% a(*i$istrative purpose6 +e$$o$ (ivi(e( t0e area i$to &ive 'roups6
as &ollo"s7 I=are >issio$ Statio$6 1/ statio$s6 1? Sc0oolsB O'ori ??
>issio$ Statio$s6 17 Sc0oolsB !ri'i(i ?9 >issio$ Statio$s6 1; Sc0oolsB
O=a, !=o=o 90 >issio$ Statio$s61. Sc0ools a$( 5aa6 9; >issio$
Statio$s6 1/ Sc0ools. T0e aove $a*e( >issio$ Statio$s co$ti$ue( to
sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s i$ t0eir areas. !s a result6 *a$% people eca*e
C0ristia$s a$( also eca*e e(ucate( >a$% o& t0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e
!$'lica$ &ait0 i$ t0e areas "ere e$'a'e( i$ tra(i$'6 a$( ot0er
pro&essio$s to ear$ t0eir livi$' a$( also sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s "0erever
t0e% "e$t.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
!ccou$t &or t0e role o& O=oro'o i$ t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$
!=o=o, Ga$'iri area o& #i'eria.
?<0 CONCLUSION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave lear$t aout t0e tra(ers "0o i$vite( t0e !$'lica$
>issio$ to ta=e over t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% "0ic0 t0e% rou'0t
"it0 t0e* &ro* t0e Corua la$( as a result o& t0eir e$'a'e*e$t i$
tra(i$' "it0 so*e a(0ere$ts o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0. T0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e
!$'lica$ &ait0 i$ O'ori pla$te( C0ristia$it% i$ *a$% to"$s a$( villa'es
i$ t0e !=o=o, Ga$'iri area. >a$% >issio$ Statio$s a$( sc0ools "ere
estalis0e( % t0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0 i$ t0e area i$
44
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
-uestio$.T0e a(0ere$ts e$e&ite( &ro* C0ristia$it% t0at "as i$tro(uce(
to t0e* % so*e o& t0e O'ori >issio$ eva$'elists t0at "ere se$t out %
*e*ers o& Sai$t )eterHs !$'lica$ C0urc06 O'ori6 et"ee$ 1:11 to
1:/0s to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to ot0er areas i$ #i'eria. >a$% people
"0o receive( Jesus C0rist as t0eir Saviour "ere e$'a'e( i$ various
tra(es6 suc0 as tra(i$'6 teac0i$'6 preac0i$' a$( *i$isteri$' i$ C0urc0es.
A<0 SU**ARY
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave stu(ie( t0e strate'ies t0at "ere use( % t0e
i$(i'e$es o& !=o=o,Ga$'iri to pla$ C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area. !*o$'
suc0 strate'ies6 *e$tio$e( coul( e *a(e o& t0e &ollo"i$'B sc0ools6
tra(es6 eva$'elis*6 a$( C0urc0 services to *e$tio$ ut a &e".
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. T0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ !=o=o, Ga$'iri "as t0rou'0 t0e
e&&orts o& t0e i$(i'e$es o& t0e area. Discuss.
9. State t0e role o& Wester$ e(ucatio$ i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%
i$ !=o=o, Ga$'iri !rea.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
!=a$(e6 ).!. E1:::F. The Coming of Christianity to <gori;1911-1999=5
! Davi( >u'a pulicatio$Eplace o& pulicatio$ $ot i$(icate(F.
T0e #atio$al !rc0ives C. >. S. ECF 9/9/90 Ia(a$.
O"olai6 !.J. E9004F. The 1rowth of the !$'lica$ C0urc0 i$ R!=o=o,
5aa DistrictS o& #i'eria. T0esis su*itte( i$ Aul&ill*e$t o& t0e
re-uire*e$ts &or t0e a"ar( o& t0e De'ree o& Doctor o&
)0ilosop0% i$ C0ristia$ Stu(ies6 Depart*e$t o& Reli'io$s6
U$iversit% o& Ilori7 U$pulis0e(.
EDe=iel 5o*ola&e Ma'e( :0 %earsN )rivate I$tervie" at O'ori o$
7/;/9009.
Dr. Sa*uel Je*itola6 Ma'e( 70 %earsN )rivate I$tervie" at O'ori o$
7/;/9009.
4/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT = THE PLANTING OF CHRISTIANITY IN
BA99A AREA
CONTENTS
1.0I$tro(uctio$
9.0O3ectives
?.0>ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e I$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% to 5aa +a$( %
Olo"ola%e*o
..0Co$clusio$
4.0Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is u$it "ill a((ress 0o" C0ristia$it% &irst reac0e( 5aa t0rou'0 o$e
o& t0e &ree( slaves "0o 0a( accepte( C0ristia$it% "0ile 0e "as e$slave(
i$ t0e &orei'$ la$(. Olo"ola%e*o settle( at !eo=uta o$ 0is &ree(o*
&ro* slaver%. I$ 1:006 0e &elt li=e co*i$' ac= to O"e la$( "ere 0e "as
sol( out as a slave. He le&t &or Oele 0is 0o*e to"$ to i$tro(uce t0e $e"
reli'io$ "0ic0 0e 0a( accepte( i$ slaver%.
1ut6 e&ore 0e "as sol( i$to slaver%6 0e "as a$ a(0ere$t o& t0e !&rica$
Tra(itio$al Reli'io$ i$ Oele la$(. o$ 'etti$' 0o*e6 0e i$tro(uce( Jesus
C0rist to t0e* as t0e o$l% Saviour &or *a$=i$(. He tol( 0is 0earers t0at
i$ter*e(iaries "0ic0 t0e% co$sulte( i$ ti*e o& prole*s6 coul( $ot
(eliver t0e*.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
(iscuss 0o" C0ristia$it% 'ot to O"e la$(
state t0e e&&ect o& C0ristia$it% i$ 5aa la$(.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! Introduction o2 C)riti+nit- to B+##+ L+nd #-
O,o4o,+-!"o
>r. Oa'a$i%e "0o "as t0e &at0er o& Da$iel Olo"ola%e*o "as a
"arrior at Oele MGele=oN ut 0e "as 0ate( % t0e people "0o se$t 0i*
out to Eira la$( "0ere 0e "as assassi$ate(. His c0il(re$ too "ere sol(
47
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
i$to slaver%. !*o$' t0e* "as Da$iel Olo"ola%e*o a$ O"e so$6 ut
t0e aolitio$ o& slave tra(e &ree( 0i*. Olo"ola%e*o settle( at !eo=uta
a$( eca*e a (evout C0ristia$.1% 1:006 0e eca*e 0o*e sic=6 so
Olo"ola%e*o retur$e( 0o*e a$( e'a$ to preac0 t0e 'ospel. He "as
t0e &irst C0ristia$ co$tact et"ee$ t0e 5aa a$( t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0.
I$ ot0er "or(s6t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ 5aa la$( "as $ot
t0rou'0 t0e >issio$aries ut % >r. Da$iel Olo"ola%e*o. 1% 1:0.6
>r. Olo"ola%e*o *ove( &ro* Gele=o to 5aa to"$ i$ or(er to
co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ O"e la$( a$( Ca'a la$(. 1ut6 t0e
a(0ere$ts o& t0e !&rica$ Tra(itio$al Reli'io$ i$ O"e la$( "ere a'ai$st
0i* ecause 0is $e" C0ristia$ reli'io$ "0ic0 0e i$tro(uce( i$ t0e la$(
0a( tur$e( *a$% people a"a% &ro* t0eir i$(i'e$ous reli'io$. >a$%
people "ere reporte( to 0ave aa$(o$e( t0e "ors0ip o& Eora E'o(F
E!(eola6 1:;0F. Aor t0is reaso$6 0e coul( o$l% approac0 t0e citiDe$s o&
t0e to"$ i$(ivi(uall% to preac0 t0e Goo( #e"s. Ho"ever6 % 1:046
Olo"ola%e*o "as ale to co$vert *a$% &ree( slaves at O(o -uarters i$
5aa to"$. T0e Revere$( >%c*l%re "0o "as t0e >i$ister at t0e Hol%
Tri$it% C0urc06 +o=o3a6 eca*e t0e rovi$' pastor &or t0e 5aa >issio$
Statio$ t0rou'0 t0e i$vitatio$ o& O"ola%e*o i$ t0e %ear 1:04. I$ 1:0/6
>r. )aul !rii(o "as se$t to 5aa as t0e &irst >issio$ Statio$ a'e$t to
co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel. Wit0 t0e 0elp o& >r Olo"ola%e*o6
t0e Gospel sprea( i$to all to"$s a$( villa'es i$ O"e la$( i$ t0e earl%
1:00s.C0ristia$it% 0as e$li'0te$e( t0e people o& 5aa a$( Ca'a la$(
t0rou'0 &or*al e(ucatio$ "0ic0 it 0as provi(e( &or t0e*.T0e a(0ere$ts
o& C0ristia$it% stoppe( co$sulti$' (ivi$ers &or a$% t0i$'6 i$stea(6 t0e%
resorte( to pra%ers to solve t0eir prole*s. To(a%6 >a$% O"e people
are $o" )riests a$( C0urc0 lea(ers i$ various (e$o*i$atio$s i$ #i'eria.
>r. Da$iel Olo"ola%e*o (ie( i$ 1:?1 a$( "as 'ive$ a C0ristia$ urial
at E'e(a,5aa.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE:
T0e e$slaver% o& Olo"ola%e*o is a lessi$' to O"e la$(. Discuss.
?<0 CONCLUSION
Cou 0ave stu(ie( 0o" C0ristia$it% ca*e to 5aa la$( t0rou'0 t0e 0ar(
"or= o& Olo"ola%e*o. T0e i$vitatio$ o& t0e >issio$aries &ro* +o=o3a
% 0i* 0elpe( t0e rapi( sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ 5aa la$(. Wester$
e(ucatio$ t0at acco*pa$ie( t0e i$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e O"e
la$( also 0elpe( i$ co$verti$' *a$% people i$ t0e la$(.
4;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
A<0 SU**ARY
I& %ou 0ave 'o$e t0rou'0 t0is u$it co$scie$tiousl%6 %ou s0oul( e a"are
o& t0e &ollo"i$' poi$ts7
T0e &ree(o* o& Olo"ola%e*o &ro* slaver%.
T0e co$versio$ o& Olo"ola%e*o i$to C0ristia$it% "0ile 0e "as
i$ slaver%.
T0e retur$ o& Olo"ola%e*o to O"e la$(.
T0e s0ari$' o& C0ristia$ &ait0 "it0 0is people i$ O"e la$(.
T0e persecutio$ o& C0ristia$s i$ O"e la$( % t0e tra(itio$alists.
T0e i$vitatio$ o& t0e C0urc0 >issio$aries &ro* +o=o3a >issio$
Statio$ % Olo"ola%e*o to 0elp i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
O"e la$(.
So*e e$e&its t0at are (erive( &ro* C0ristia$it% % t0e people o&
O"e la$(.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. Co**e$t o$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ O"e la$(.
9. E$u*erate t0e e$e&its o& C0ristia$it% to t0e people o& O"e la$(.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
!le*a%o6 5. !. E1:;/F. IThe <fosi C)lt in :a++a2. Depart*e$t o&
C0ristia$ Reli'ious Stu(ies 5"ara State Colle'e o& E(ucatio$6
Ilori$6 #.C.E.U$pulis0e( +o$' Essa%.
!(eola6 .1. E1:;0F. E+ora %orship in <we (and!. I**a$uel Colle'e
o& T0eolo'%6 Ia(a$7 U$pulis0e( +o$' Essa%.
O"olai6 !. J. E9004F.SThe 1rowth of the "nglican Ch)rch in "koko-
:a++a *istrict9 of Nigeria5 ! T0esis Su*itte( i$ &ul&ill*e$t o&
t0e re-uire*e$ts &or t0e a"ar( o& t0e De'ree o& Doctor o&
)0ilosop0% i$ C0ristia$ Stu(ies6 Depart*e$t o& Reli'io$s6
U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 U$pulis0e(.

4:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT 7 THE PLANTING OF CHRISTIANITY 9Y THE
SUDAN INTERIOR *ISSION
CONTENTS
1.0I$tro(uctio$
9.0O3ectives
?.0>ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e Co*i$' o& Su(a$ I$terior >issio$ to #i'eria
?.9 T0e Sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ Ca'a +a$(
?.? T0e !rrival o& >r. +a$' to )ati'i
..0Co$clusio$
4.0Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
Aro* t0e previous u$it6 %ou lear$t aout t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
ot0 O"e a$( Ca'a la$(. I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill stu(% t0e 'ro"t0 o&
C0ristia$it% i$ Ca'a la$(. O$e o& t0e *a3or poi$ts is t0e estalis0*e$t
o& >issio$ Statio$s i$ t0e area % Titco*e a &orei'$er "0o volu$teere(
0i*sel& to co*e over to #i'eria a$( 0elpe( i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel
to i$terior areas li=e E'e la$(.

.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
i(e$ti&% t0e role t0at Titco*e pla%e( i$ t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ Ca'a la$(
(escrie t0e (evelop*e$t o& C0ristia$it% i$ Ca'a la$(.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! Co"in( o2 Sud+n Int!rior *iion to Ni(!ri+
T0e Su(a$ I$terior >issio$ >issio$aries ca*e to #i'eria i$ 1;:? to
pla$t C0ristia$it%. T0e &irst atc0 o& t0e Su(a$ I$terior >issio$ t0at
ca*e to t0e cou$tr% "ere Walter Go"a$s6 T0o*as =e$t a$( Rola$(
1i$'0a*. Ho"ever6 Go"a$s a$( 5e$t (ie( i$ t0at sa*e %ear i$ #i'eria.
!s a result o& t0eir (eat06 1i$'0a* retur$e( to Ca$a(a. I$ 1:006
1i$'0a* *a(e a seco$( trip to #i'eria. He eca*e sic=6 as a result6 0e
coul( $ot *a=e co$verts to C0ristia$it%. So 0e "e$t ac= to 0is cou$tr%
&or treat*e$t. O$ 'etti$' "ell6 0e *a(e 0is t0ir( >issio$ar% 3our$e% to
/0
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
#i'eria6 acco*pa$ie( % a *e(ical (octor. He starte( 0is >issio$ "or=
a*o$' t0e #upe people i$ )ati'i. I$ 1:096 1i$'0a* ope$e( 0is &irst
>issio$ statio$ i$ )ati'i. !t t0e to"$6 t0e *issio$ar% (octors treate(
people "0o "ere sic=. Aor t0is reaso$6 *a$% a(0ere$ts o& Isla* reli'io$
accepte( C0ristia$it%. >a$% >issio$ statio$s "ere ope$e( i$ various
parts o& #upe la$(.
/<. T)! S0r!+d o2 t)! Go0!, in Y+(#+ L+nd
Da$iel O$isa$ai%e "as capture( as slave at O''a i$ 5o'i State a$( "as
ta=e$ to !eo=uta. !t !eo=uta6 0e 're" to a(ult0oo( a$( "as ale to
re(ee* 0i*sel& &ro* slaver%. He le&t !eo=uta &or +a'os. T0ere 0e too=
up pai$ti$' as a pro&essio$. Da$iel respo$(e( to t0e 'ospel6 a$( e'a$
to atte$( !raro*i 1aptist C0urc06 Oale$(e. Eva$'elist Dr. !'ei
"as i$ c0ar'e o& t0e C0urc0. He tau'0t 0is C0urc0 *e*ers to rea( a$(
"rite i$ Corua a$( E$'lis0 la$'ua'es. O$isa$ai%e participate( i$ t0e
rea(i$' a$( lear$i$' processes. He ou'0t a Corua 1ile6 rea( it a$(
tau'0t ot0ers t0e 1ile stories. Da$iel *arrie( i$ +a'os a$( 0a( a so$.
!s 0e stu(ie( t0e 1ile6 0e 0a( a visio$ to 'o to O''a 0is 0o*e to"$ to
s0are t0e Gospel "it0 0is o"$ people. T0is is ecause as at t0at ti*e6
>issio$aries 0a( $ot reac0 O''a to pla$t C0ristia$it% i$ t0e area.
His "i&e a$( so$ trie( to (iscoura'e 0i* ut 0e (i( $ot %iel(. Da$iel
le&t +a'os &or O''a to e'i$ preac0i$' t0e Goo( #e"s to 0is people. !t
O''a6 0e *et 0is people "0o "ere &ear&ul o& evil po"er t0at troule(
t0e* (ail%. His people spe$t t0eir ti*e a$( *o$e% appeasi$' t0e (evil at
t0e "0i* o& t0e "itc0 (octor i$ t0e villa'e. Da$iel preac0e( a'ai$st
suc0 i$ t0e la$(. He tau'0t t0e* aout t0e livi$' Go(. He tau'0t t0e*
t0at t0e o$l% t0i$' t0e% $ee(e( i$ t0eir lives "as Jesus C0rist "0o coul(
save t0e* &ro* t0eir &ear a$( $ot t0e "itc0 (octor. Da$iel "as t0e &irst
C0ristia$ t0e people o& O''a ever 0a( i$ t0eir villa'e. He rea( t0e
Gospel &ro* t0e Corua 1ile to t0e* (ail% a$( t0e% liste$e( to 0i*.
1% t0is *et0o(6 0e "as ale to co$vert so*e o& 0is people i$to
C0ristia$it%. I$ 1:016 t0e Su(a$ I$terior >issio$ M$o" calle( T0e
Eva$'elical C0urc0 o& West !&ricaN se$t &our %ou$' *e$ up t0e #i'er
River to +o=o3a area i$ 5o'i State to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s. I$ 1:096
t0e% estalis0e( a >issio$ Statio$ a*o$' t0e #upe people i$ )ati'i i$
5"ara State6 #i'eria. >ea$"0ile Da$iel a$( 0is people (i( e$'a'e i$
pra%i$' to Go( to se$( >issio$aries to t0e* i$ O''a la$(.
/</ T)! Arri%+, o2 *r< L+n( to P+ti(i
I$ Ju$e 1:046 >r. E.). +a$' a$( ot0er >issio$aries tre==e( &ro* )ati'i
sprea(i$' t0e Gospel to"ar(s Ca'a la$(. !s t0e Eva$'elists 'ot to
O''a6 t0e% &ou$( a 'roup o& people liste$i$' to Da$iel as 0e rea( a$(
i$terprete( t0e Hol% 1ile to t0e* u$(er t0e tree. T0e >issio$aries
/1
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
(eci(e( to sta% "it0 Da$iel a$( t0e people. T0e% 3oi$e( t0e people i$
pra%i$' to Go( &or t0e salvatio$ o& t0e O''a people. Da$iel tol( t0e
visitors to se$( >issio$aries to t0e* estalis0 >issio$ statio$s i$ Ca'a
la$(. I$ 1:0/6 >r. +a$' a$( 0is 'roup revisite( t0e people. >a$%
co$verts at Ca'a la$( (e*a$(e( &or "ater aptis* &ro* Eva$'elist
+a$'. He aptiDe( t0e* a$( retur$e( to )ati'i. I$ 1:0/6 t0e &irst
Eva$'elist o& t0e Eva$'elical >issio$ retur$e( to Ca$a(a. >r. C0arles
Wa((el6 "0o "as o$e o& t0e Eva$'elists "0o visite( #i'eria appeale(
to t0e C0ristia$s i$ Ha*ilto$ O$tario to ta=e t0e Gospel to #i'eria.
To**ie Titco*e volu$teere( co*e #i'eria to co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o&
t0e Gospel. O$ Jul%6 1:0;6 a co**issio$i$' service "as 0el( &or
Titco*e a$( ot0ers "0o volu$teere( to 'o to #i'eria. Titco*e arrive(
i$ )ati'i to co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel t0ere. He spe$t so*e ti*es
to preac0 t0e Gospel u$til Go( co**a$(e( 0i* to *ove &ro* t0e place
to Ca'a la$( to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s t0ere. He le&t )ati'i &or E'e i$
oe(ie$ce to t0e voice o& Go(. !t E'e6 0e estalis0e( a >issio$
statio$. I$ 1:4.6 t0e Su(a$ I$terrior >issio$ a$( ot0er >issio$s i$
#i'eria ca*e to'et0er to &or* a$ i$(i'e$ous o(% =$o"$ as t0e
Eva$'elical C0urc0es o& West !&rica ME.C.W.!.N T0e C0urc0 0as
sprea( &ro* )ati'i to E'e la$(. !$( &ro* E'e to"ar(s t0e #ort0er$
#i'eria "0ere *a3orit% populatio$s are Hausa. It 0as also sprea( to t0e
East6 West a$( Sout0er$ parts o& #i'eria. T0e C0urc0 0as estalis0e(
Sc0ools6 Colle'es6 Hospitals a$( a u$iversit% i$ #i'eria.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
!ccou$t &or t0e role o& Da$iel O$isa$ai%e i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%
i$ Ca'a la$(.
?<0 CONCLUSION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave lear$t t0at t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ Ca'a la$(
e'a$ "it0 >r. Da$iel O$isa$ai%e "0o "as a$ e@, slave co$verte( to
C0ristia$it%. Ho"ever6 as 0e 'ai$e( 0is &ree(o*6 0e retur$e( to 0is
people to s0are t0e Gospel "it0 t0e*. He also sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to
ot0er people e%o$( Ca'a la$(. !lso "0e$ t0e !*erica$ Eva$'elists
ca*e to Ca'a la$(6 >r. Da$iel 3oi$e( t0e* to sprea( t0e Gospel i$
Ca'a la$( a$( e%o$( t0e area.
A<0 SU**ARY
It is e@pecte( t0at &ro* t0e stu(% o& t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave lear$t t0e
&ollo"i$' poi$ts7
Da$iel "as t0e &irst i$(i'e$e "0o sprea( t0e Gospel to 0is people
i$ Ca'a la$(.
/9
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
!*erica$ Eva$'elists ca*e to )ati'i to pla$t C0ristia$it%.
T0e% e@te$(e( t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel to Ca'a la$( a$( ot0er
areas i$ #i'eria.
Titco*e estalis0e( sc0ools a$( colle'es i$ Ca'a la$( a$(
ot0er areas.
>a$% >issio$ Statio$s "ere also pla$te( % t0e* i$ *a$% parts
o& #i'eria.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. Discuss t0e role o& Titco*e i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
Ca'a la$(.
9. !ccou$t &or t0e sprea( o& t0e Goo( #e"s i$ Ca'a la$(.
7<0REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
To**ie Titco*e Sopic Ha%e6 E1:77F. Tread )pon the lion! Canada5
$)dan Interior Mission6
5ato6!. E1:;4F.S5aa !rc0(eaco$r%S i$ t0e 5aa !rc0(eaco$r%
!rea >a'aDi$e6 St. !$(re"Hs C0urc0 5aa U$pulis0e(.
!. J. O"olai6 E9004FThe 1rowth of "nglican Ch)rch in >"koko-:a++a
*istrict9 o& #i'eria 1:90,1::/.! T0esis Su*itte( i$
Aul&ill*e$t o& t0e Re-uire*e$ts &or t0e !"ar( o& t0e De'ree o&
Doctor o& )0ilosop0% i$ C0ristia$ Stu(ies6 Depart*e$t o&
Reli'io$s6 U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 U$pulis0e(.
/?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
*ODULE / INDIGENOUS CHRISTIAN *OVE*ENTS
U$it 1 C0rist !postolic C0urc0 o& #i'eria
U$it 9 C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc06 #i'eria
U$it ? Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist6 #i'eria
U$it . T0e I*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
U$it 4 )role*s a$( )rospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria

UNIT 1 THE CHRIST APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF
NIGERIA
CONTENTS

1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 1irt0 a$( Earl% +i&e o& !postle Josep0 !%o 1aalola
?.9 T0e Call o& !%o Josep0 1aalola
?.? His >eeti$' "it0 Aait0 Taer$acle at Ilo&a
?.. T0e Airst #atio$al >eeti$' o& t0e Aait0 Taer$acle at
Ilesa6 Osu$6 State
?.4 T0e Great Revival 0el( at O=e,Oo%e
?./ T0e )ersecutio$ o& Josep0 1aalola i$ 1:?1,?9
?.7 !postle 1aalola 0a$(e( over t0e C0urc0 to )rop0et S.O.
!=a$(e at E(e a$( pass a"a% o$ Satur(a% 94
t0
Jul%6 1:4:
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill lear$ aout t0e call o& !postle Josep0 1aalola
"0o "as t0e &irst i$(i'e$ous C0urc0 &ou$(er i$ #i'eria. 1esi(es6 %ou
"ill also lear$ aout 0o" 0e 0as 0eale( several people i$ #i'eria.
Aurt0er*ore6 %ou "ill also rea( aout 0o" 1aalola "as use( % Go(
to per&or* *iracles t0at rou'0t 3o% to *a$% people i$ #i'eria. I$
a((itio$ to t0ese6 %ou "ill also lear$ aout 0o" 0e i$vite( *a$%
&orei'$ers to sprea( t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria. Ho"ever6 t0e i$vitatio$ o&
t0e stra$'ers cost 0i* o& loosi$' so*e o& 0is *e*ers to t0eir C0urc0
"0e$ t0e% &ell apart over (octri$al (i&&ere$ces. Cou "ill also lear$ 0o"
0e "as persecute( % t0e t0e$ Gover$*e$t a$( 0is o"$ people at O(o,
O"a i$ 5"ara State6 #i'eria. I$ t0is stu(%6 %ou "ill also lear$ aout 0is
/.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
*arital li&e as a$ i(eal C0ristia$ &a*il%. +astl%6 %ou "ill also lear$
aout 0is preac0i$'.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it %ou s0oul( e ale to7
t0e call !postle o& Josep0 1aalola
(escrie 0is *eeti$' "it0 Aait0 Taer$acle *e*ers at Ilo&a
i(e$ti&% t0e co$triutio$s o& 1aalola to t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
(iscuss 0is persecutio$ over t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! 9irt) +nd E+r,- Li2! o2 >o!0) A-o 9+#+,o,+
Josep0 !%o 1aalola "as or$ at O(o,O"a i$ 5"ara State6 #i'eria6 o$
t0e 94
t0
o& !pril6 1:0.. His &at0er "as )a Davi( +a"a$i Roti*i6 "0ile
0is *ot0er "as >art0a Talai Roti*i. 1ot0 o& t0e* "ere o& t0e
!$'lica$ C0urc0 i$ #i'eria. )a Roti*i "as o$e o& t0e earl% stro$'
*e*ers o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0 i$ t0e t0e$ +a'os Diocese o& #i'eria.
Josep0 1aalola starte( )ri*ar% Sc0ool at I&o. He later tra$s&erre( &ro*
t0e place to Os0o'o i$ Osu$ State6 #i'eria. T0ere 0e rea( Sta$(ar(
Aour6 ut coul( $ot procee( &urt0er. Aor t0is reaso$6 1aalola too= a$
appoi$t*e$t "it0 t0e )ulic Wor=s Depart*e$t6 +o=o3a6 i$ 5o'i State6
#i'eria. He "as e*plo%e( as a tractor (river. O$ t0e (a%6 0e "as calle(
% a *%sterious voice to ta=e up preac0i$' as a vocatio$6 as 0e "as
(rivi$' a roller o$ t0e roa( o& !=ureQIles0a i$ 1:9;. He t0erea&ter
0ee(e( t0e call a$( resi'$e( 0is appoi$t*e$t. 1aalola later *arrie(
>rs Dorcas M$ees !(etou$N a $ative o& Ilesa i$ Osu$ State6 #i'eria i$
1:?4.
/<. T)! C+,, o2 >o!0) A-o 9+#+,o,+

O$ Octoer6 :
t0
1:9;6 1aalola 0ear( a 2oice calli$' 0i* &ro* 0eave$
to leave 0is 3o. He as=e( ot0ers "0o "ere $ear 0i* i& t0e% 0ear( t0e
voice t0at spo=e to 0i*. 1ut t0e% sai( to 0i* t0at t0e% 0ear( $o voice.
T0e $e@t (a%6 0e "e$t to t0e !=ure,Ilesa roa( to co$ti$ue 0is "or=. !t
19 $oo$6 1aalola 0ear( t0e *%sterious 2oice t0e seco$( ti*e repeati$'
t0e sa*e "or(s t0at "ere spo=e$ to 0i* t0e previous (a%. So 0e ca*e
(o"$ &ro* t0e roller a$( tol( o$e o& 0is assista$ts to ta=e over t0e
(rivi$' o& t0e roller &ro* 0i*. !s t0e *a$ starte( t0e roller6 it cut &ire.
!s a result o& t0e ur$i$' o& t0e roller6 1aalola resi'$e( 0is
appoi$t*e$t "it0 t0e >i$istr% o& "or=s6 +o=o3a. W0ile 0e retur$e(
&ro* +o=o3a6 to Ipetu,I3esa6t0e sa*e 2oice spo=e to 0i* to &ast &or si@
(a%s a$( also pra% 190 ti*es a$( 0e oe%e(. I$ 0is roo*6 0e sa" a
/4
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
ver% ri'0t li'0t6 a$( a 2oice acco*pa$ie( t0e li'0t6 sa%i$' to 0i* t0at
t0e +or( Jesus "oul( li=e to se$( 0i* "it0 i*porta$t *essa'e to
various to"$s. T0e 2oice &urt0er sai( to 0i* t0at i& 0e (i( $ot oe% 0is
"or(s6 0e "oul( (ie. Aor oe%i$' t0e voice6 0e "oul( $ot (ie. He
(eci(e( to 0ee( t0e 2oice. 1aalola &urt0er 0a( revelatio$ &ro* 0eave$.
He e'a$ 0is *i$istr% % pa%i$' visits to *a$% to"$s a$( villa'es i$ t0e
Corua area preac0i$' t0e Goo( #e"s. !s 0e preac0e( t0e Gospel6 0e
also 0eale( *a$% people t0at "ere ill. He "e$t aout ri$'i$' a 0a$( ell
to call t0e atte$tio$ o& people 0is *essa'es o& salvatio$. !s 1aalola
"e$t to O(o, O"a to preac0 t0e Gospel6 0e "as re3ecte( % 0is people.
He pro$ou$ce( epi(e*ics o$ t0e people t0at (isoe%e( t0e Wor( o&
Go( "0ic0 0e preac0e( to t0e*. >a$% people at 0is 0o*e to"$ "ere
a&&licte( % s*all po@. Ho"ever6 t0ose "0o 0ear( t0e Wor( o& Go( a$(
oe%e( it "ere 0eale( % 0i*. T0e people o& t0e to"$ (eci(e( to =ill
0i* &or t0e% coul( $o lo$'er tolerate 0is "or(s. ! *a$ volu$teere(
0i*sel& to =ill 1aalola i$ t0e el(ers *eeti$' t0at "as 0el( to &i$(
solutio$ to t0e prole* o& 0is preac0i$' "0ic0 t0e% clai*e( "as
a'ai$st t0e* a$( t0eir "a% o& li&e. T0e seco$( (a%6 as 0e "as 'oi$' out
to proclai* t0e Goo( #e"s6 0e sa" a s$a=e aout to stri=e 0i* o$ t0e
roa(. Ho"ever6 Go( se$t a$ !$'el t0at stoo( et"ee$ 1aalola a$( t0e
s$a=e6 a$( t0e 0eave$l% 1ei$' use( a s"or( i$ 0is 0a$( to =ill t0e s$a=e.
!lso6 accor(i$' to I(o"u6E9007F6 so*e evil spirits t0at "ere s0outi$'
e0i$( 1aalola "0ile 0e "as preac0i$' alo$' t0e roa(6 also
(isappeare( as 0e =ept ri$'i$' t0e ell a$( pro$ou$ci$' t0e Wor( o&
Go( to "ar$ 0is people to repe$t o& t0eir evil (ee(s i$ t0e la$(.
/</ Hi *!!tin( 4it) t)! F+it) T+#!rn+c,! +t I,o2+
!t Ilo&a i$ O=e,Ero +ocal Gover$*e$t6 o& 5"ara State6 t0ere "as a$
!$'lica$ C0urc0 "0ic0 0a( a Societ% $a*e( t0e Aait0 Taer$acle. T0e
a$( "as 0ea(e( % Da$iel !3iola i$ 1:1;. T0e Societ% e$'a'e( i$ all
seaso$ pra%er *eeti$'s. He use( t0e opportu$it% to i$volve t0e
*e*ers o& 0is Societ% to participate i$ *a$% eva$'elistic pro'ra**es
o& t0e C0urc0. T0e Societ% eca*e attractive to *a$% *e*ers o& t0e
C0urc0 i$ #i'eria. >ore *e*ers o& t0e !$'lica$ &ait0 3oi$e( t0e
Societ%. >e$tio$e( coul( e *a(e o& >r. J.1.Sa(are a$( >iss Sop0ia
O(u$la*i. T0e Aait0 Taer$acle Societ% eca*e popular a*o$' t0e
!$'lica$s i$ #i'eria. Aor i$sta$ce6 it 0as ee$ *e$tio$e( t0at t0e
&ollo"i$' !$'lica$ *e*ers also 3oi$e( t0e Societ%7 >essrs I.1.
!=i$%ele6 O(ua$3o a$( 1aatope. T0e Aait0 Taer$acle Societ% sprea(
to t0e &ollo"i$' to"$s t0rou'0 t0e !$'lica$ C0urc0 +a'os6 Ia(a$6
I3eu,O(e6 Ilesa a$( Garia.
Ho"ever6 as *ore people 3oi$e( t0e Societ% i$ #i'eria6 it eca*e
a&&iliate( to t0e !*erica$ Aait0 Taer$acle t0at 0as its 0ea(-uarters i$
)0ila(elp0ia6 US!. T0e *e*ers o& t0e Societ% "0o live( i$ +a'os
//
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
i$vite( Josep0 1aalola to co*e a$( preac0 to t0e people o& +a'os.
Josep0 1aalola "as 0oste( at t0e to"$ 0all at Eute,Ele&u$ to preac0
t0e Goo( #e"s to t0e people "0o 0a( 'at0ere( t0e*selves t0ere to 0ear
0i*. !ccor(i$' to I(o"u6 1aalola use( si@ 0ours to a((ress t0e
au(ie$ce aout 0is calli$'6 0e t0e$ preac0e( t0e Goo( #e"s to t0e*.
>a$% people "0o "ere ill6 "ere rou'0t to 0i* &or 0eali$' a$( "ere
0eale(. >a$% people also 'ot co$verte(. !ccor(i$' to 0istorical
accou$ts6 1aalola sai( t0at t0e Hol% Spirit6 tol( 0i* to 3oi$ t0e Societ%
a$( 0e (i(. 1aalola 3oi$e( t0e Societ% a$( 0e "as aptiDe( i$to t0e
Aait0 e&ore 0e co$ti$ue( i$ 0is *issio$ar% 3our$e% i$ #i'eria.
>e*ers o& t0e Aait0 Taer$acle c0ose >r. J. !. >e(ai%ese "0o
proal% 0aile( &ro* 5aa area to acco*pa$% 0i* i$ 0is *issio$ar%
3our$e% to O(o,O"a. 1aalola (i( $ot li*it 0i*sel& to 0is 0o*e to"$6
as 0e also sprea( t0e Gospel to Ia(a$. >a$% people "e$t to 0ear 0i*
t0ere a$( "ere save(. >a$% ill people "ere also 0eale( % 0i* at t0e
various crusa(e 'rou$(s at Ia(a$.
/<? T)! Firt N+tion+, *!!tin( o2 t)! F+it) T+#!rn+c,! +t
I,!+C Oun St+t!
! *eeti$' "as 0el( at Ilesa o$ Jul% :
t0
a$( 10
t0
6 1:?0 % t0e Aait0
Taer$acle Societ% i$ #i'eria. T0e *ai$ reaso$ &or 0ol(i$' t0e *eeti$'
"as to settle t0e (octri$al (i&&ere$ces a*o$' *e*ers o& t0e societ%.
So*e *e*ers 0el( t0at pol%'a*ists s0oul( $ot e a(*itte( i$to t0e
C0urc0. W0ile a$ot0er 'roup a*o$' t0e* accepte( t0e vie" t0at t0e%
s0oul( e accepte( i$to t0e C0urc06 ut t0e% s0oul( e (e$ie( aptis*.
Cet so*e ot0er 'roup also ar'ue( t0at pol%'a*ists *a% e 'ive$ t0e
c0a$ce to atte$( C0urc0 services6 ut t0e% *ust e e@clu(e( &ro*
participati$' i$ t0e Hol% Co**u$io$. !$ot0er issue t0at also $ee(e( to
e settle( "as t0e case o& t0e use o& (ru's to 0eal t0e sic=. W0ile so*e
elieve( t0at o$l% t0e $a*e o& t0e +or( Jesus C0rist s0oul( e use( to
0eal t0e sic=6 so*e ot0ers elieve( t0at ot0 *et0o(s s0oul( e use(.
!*o$' t0ose 'roups "0o "a$te( t0e t"o *et0o(s to e co*i$e( &or
0eali$' "as Josep0 1aalola "0o "as statio$ i$ Ilesa at t0is ti*e.
1esi(es6 *e*ers o& t0e societ% also pla$e( to i$tro(uce 1aalola to
ot0ers as t0e lea(er o& t0eir Societ%. >e*ers o& t0e Societ% asse*le(
at O=e,O%e Street i$ Ilesa to"$ &or t0e *eeti$' o$ t0e aove *e$tio$e(
(ate. 1e&ore t0e (elieratio$ o$ t0e aove issues6 1aalola preac0e( to
t0e asse*le( *e*ers. !&ter 0is preac0i$'6 0e steppe( asi(e "it0 >r.
>e(ai%ese i$ o$e o& t0e roo*s t0at "as attac0e( i$ t0e c0urc0 uil(i$'.
Dele'ates o& t0e various C0urc0es (elierate( a$( &i$all% arrive( at t0e
co$clusio$ t0at a C0ristia$ 0usa$( s0oul( *arr% o$e "i&e. +i=e"ise6 a
C0ristia$ "o*a$ s0oul( *arr% to o$e *a$. W0ile t0e (ele'ates "ere
(elierati$' o$ t0e issue o& (ivi$e 0eali$'6 t0ere "as a$ i$ci(e$t t0at
(isrupte( t0eir (iscussio$. It "as t0e (eat0 o& a c0il( t0at "as rou'0t
/7
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
&ro* t0e &ar* % its pare$ts &or urial. !s 1aalola 0ear( t0e cr% o& t0e
co**u$it% over t0e (ea( c0il(6 0e "as *ove( "it0 pit% t0e$ 0e 0a(
co*passio$ o$ t0e c0il( a$( t0e pare$ts. He pra%e( o$ t0e (ea( c0il(
a$( t0e c0il( "as rou'0t ac= to live. T0is eca*e t0e &irst *iracle
"0ic0 all t0e (ele'ates &ro* various to"$s a$( villa'es t0at atte$(e( t0e
co$&ere$ce "it$esse(. T0e raisi$' o& t0e (ea( c0il(6 co$vi$ce( ever%
o(% t0at Jesus C0rist is t0e +or( over sic=$ess a$( t0e (ea(. Ever%
o(% "0o sa" t0e c0il( rou'0t ac= to live elieve( i$ t0e +or( Jesus
C0rist as t0e o$l% Saviour a$( >essia0. >a$% people "0o "it$esse(
t0e *iracle eca*e co$vi$ce( t0at 1aalola "as a prop0et a$oi$te( %
Go(. !s a result6 *a$% repe$te( o& t0eir si$s a$( eca*e co$verte(.
1aalola sta%e( i$ t0e to"$ sprea(i$' t0e Goo( #e"s &or *a$% (a%s.
>a$% people visite( 0i* a$( 0e pra%e( &or t0e*. So*e people rou'0t
"ater to 0i* to pra% o$ it &or t0eir use. !ccor(i$' to t0e late C0ie&
EDe=iel 5o*ola&e "0o also "it$esse( t0e 'reat crusa(e t0at too= place
at Ilesa6 t0ere "as a pro*i$e$t =i$' &ro* !=o=o la$( "0o "as "ar$e(
$ot to (ri$= t0e "ater "0ic0 1aalola pra%e( o$. 1ut t0e =i$' i$siste(
a$( (ra$= t0e lesse( "ater. I**e(iatel%6 0e &ell (o"$ a$( loo( e'a$
to rus0 out o& 0is *out0 a$( 0e (ie(. Revere$( +e$$o$6 a$ !$'lica$
priest at I=are >issio$ Statio$6 "0o "e$t to Ilesa to 0ear 1aalola
preac06 use( 0is car to carr% t0e (ecease( =i$' to 0is to"$ &or urial.
!lso6a "o*a$ &ro* O'ori $a*e( >rs. Reecca Je*itola6 "0o "as
c0il(less &or *a$% %ears6 "e$t to t0e crusa(e a$( 1aalola lesse( t0e
"ater &or 0er to (ri$=. S0e (ra$= t0e "ater a$( s0e co$ceive( a$( 'ave
irt0 to a so$ $a*e( Sa*uel Je*itola. T0e so$ later eca*e a (octor.
T0e crusa(e o& 1aalola spurre( t0e 'ro"t0 o& t0e C0urc0 i$ t0e Corua
la$(. It also eca*e as t0e &irst ti*e &or C0ristia$s to 'at0er i$ o$e
place to "it$ess t0e preac0i$' a$( per&or*i$' o& at t0e sa*e ti*e. #ot
lo$' a&ter6 t0e Aait0 Taer$acle Societ% 'ot tra$s&or*e( i$to C0rist
!postolic C0urc0 o& #i'eria.
1aalola later *ove( &ro* Ilesa to E&o$,!laa%e "0ere 0e later settle( as
0is *issio$ar% 0o*e i$ t0e Corua la$(. Aro* t0ere6 0e procee(e( to
t0e &ollo"i$' to"$s &or eva$'elis*7 O&&a6 !ra*o=o6 I3ero6I=ole a$(
I((o. >a$% so$s a$( (au'0ters o& t0ese to"$s are $o" >i$isters o& t0e
Gospel i$ #i'eria a$( overseas.
/<A T)! 0!r!cution o2 A0ot,! >o!0) 9+#+,o,+ in 18.73/.

1aalola "as persecute( % 0is o"$ people at O(o,O"a6 0is 0o*e
to"$6 t0e people 0ate( 0i* &or 0is preac0i$' i$ "0ic0 0e "ar$e( t0e*
to tur$ a"a% &ro* t0eir evil acts6 a$( i& t0e% "ere a(a*a$t6 t0e% "oul(
peris0. He "as eate$ up % so*e people "0o &elt t0at 0is "or(s "ere
a'ai$st t0e culture a$( values o& t0eir societ%6 &or 0is preac0i$' (i( $ot
e@e*pt t0e el(ers o& t0e to"$. His pare$ts a$( sisters "ere also
persecute( ecause o& 0i*. !s *a$% o& 0is people (i( $ot liste$ to t0e
/;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Goo( #e"s preac0e( % 0i*6 t0ere "as a revelatio$ "0ic0 "as s0o"$
to 0i* % Go( co$cer$i$' t0e "rou'0t o& Go( o$ t0ose "0o "ere
opposi$' t0e Gospel. !$ epi(e*ic o& s*all po@ ro=e out i$ O(o,O"a.
T0is cause( *a$% people to (ie i$ t0e to"$. Aor t0is reaso$6 0e "as
0ate( t0e *ore. T0ere&ore6 so*e people pla$te( to =ill 0i*. W0ile t0e%
"ere us% pla$$i$' to =ill 0i*6 0e "as &asti$' .! *a$ volu$teere( at t0e
*eeti$' t0at "as 0el( t0e palace o& t0eir =i$' to eli*i$ate 0i*. !postle
1aalola =ept o$ preac0i$' t0e Gospel i$ t0e to"$6 ri$'i$' t0e 0a$( ell
to call t0e atte$tio$ o& t0e people to t0e Gospel. !ccor(i$' to I(o"u6
1aalola "as co$&ro$te( o$ t0e roa( % evil spirits ut t0e% coul( $ot
0ar* 0i*. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 a stra$'e s$a=e also appeare( to 0i* o$
t0e roa(6 ut a$ a$'el o& +or( appeare( a$( =ille( t0e s$a=e. +i=e"ise6
t0e evil spirits also appeare( to stop 0i* &ro* co$ti$ue 0is preac0i$'. !t
O&&a6 1aalolaHs crusa(e (re" *a$% cro"(s a$( t0is a$'ere( t0e
>usli* co**u$it% as t0e% coul( $o lo$'er ear t0is. Co$se-e$tl%6 t0e%
calle( t0eir =i$' to se$( a"a% 1aalola &ro* t0e to"$. #ot lo$'6 0e "as
se$t a"a% &ro* t0e to"$.
I$ 1:?96 1aalola "as i*priso$e( i$ 1e$i$,Cit%. T0is "as ecause 0e
i(e$ti&ie( t"o "o*e$ "0o atte$(e( 0is crusa(e at Otuo as "itc0es. T0e
people o& t0e to"$ reporte( 0i* to t0e Oa o& 1e$i$. T0e c0ie&s i$ t0e
to"$ &elt a( over t0e *atter. T0e Court se$t o&&icials "it0 "arra$ts to
Ilori$ t0at "as t0e 0ea(-uarters o& 0is 0o*e to"$ to e&&ect 0is arrest
t0rou'0 t0e Gover$*e$t. So 0e "as arreste( a$( rou'0t to 1e$i$,Cit%6
"0ere 0e "as se$te$ce( to si@ *o$t0sH i*priso$*e$t.
/<= T)! H+nd O%!r o2 t)! C)urc) #- 9+#+,o,+ to Pro0)!t
A'+nd! +t Ed!
1aalola atte$(e( t0e Su$(a% Service i$ t0e *or$i$' o& 9/
t0
Jul%6 1:4:
at E(e. !&ter t0e service6 0e calle( o$ >r. O(uso$a to ta=e up t0e
e@pe$ses o& a %ou$' *a$ "0ose "e((i$' 0e 0a( pro*ise( to spo$sor6
&or t0e *a$ 0a( $o 0elper. He also 0a( a (ialo'ue "it0 >r. S.O. !=a$(e
"0o "as i$structe( to ta=e care o& t0e C0urc0. !ccor(i$' to I(o"u6
asi(e t0e (iscussio$s "0ic0 1aalola 0a( "it0 t0e t"o *e$ *e$tio$e(
aove6 a stra$'e eve$t also *ar=e( 0is (eparture &ro* t0e eart0. T0e
Hol% Spirit "as sai( to 0ave &ille( t0e roo* "0ere 0e i( t0e* 'oo(,
%e. !&ter t0ese eve$ts6 1aalola passe( a"a% peace&ull%.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
!ccou$t &or t0e persecutio$ o& 1aalola % 0is o"$ people a$(
'over$*e$t.
/:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!

?<0 CONCLUSION
Aro* t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave rea( 0o" Go( calle( !postle Josep0 !%o
1aalola to e His Serva$t. Cou also lear$t 0o" 0e "as persecute( %
0is people6 a$( also t0e aut0orities. T0e crusa(es o& 1aalola also
rou'0t salvatio$ a$( 0eali$' to *a$% people "0o 0a( accepte( t0e
Gospel. Cou 0ave also lear$t 0o" *a$% people "0o (i( $ot accept t0e
Gospel at O(o,O"a peris0e( "it0 t0e epi(e*ic t0at too= place t0ere.
Cou also lear$t 0o" t0e evil =i$' "0o (ra$= t0e "ater (ie(. !lso6 %ou
lear$t 0o" a c0il(less "o*a$ "0o 0a( &ait0 i$ t0e Goo( #e"s preac0e(
% 1aalola 'ave irt0 to a so$ " 0o later eca*e a (octor.
Ai$all%6 %ou stu(ie( 0o" t0e Aait0 Taer$ac Societ% tra$s&or*e( i$to
C0rist !postolic C0urc0 a$( 0o" t0e C0urc0 "as 0a$(e( over to
)rop0et S.O. !=a$(e e&ore t0e !postle o& Go(6 Josep0 !%o 1aalola
(eparte( t0is "orl(.
A<0 SU**ARY
1aalola "as calle( % Go( "0e$ 0e "as "or=i$' "it0 t0e
)ulic Wor=s Depart*e$t i$ +o=o3a6 i$ 5o'i State6 #i'eria i$ t0e
%ear 1:9; alo$' !=ure,Ilesa roa(.
He "as use % Go( to sprea( t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
Go( also use( 0i* to less *a$% people i$ t0e cou$tr%.
He "as i*priso$e( at 1e$i$, Cit%6 #i'eria.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. Discuss t0e call o& Josep0 !%o 1aalola.
9. !sses t0e roles o& 1aalola i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
#i'eria.
?. Ho" "as C0rist !postolic C0urc06 #i'eria &ou$(e(K
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
I(o"u6 >.O. E9007F. "frican 1od2s 1eneral $eries5 ,oseph "yo
-a+alola! +a'os7 Divi$e !rtiller% )ulicatio$s.
>e(ai%es J.!. E1:4/F. Itan Ig+edide ,oseph "yo -a+alola f)n ise
Ihinrere6 Ia(a$7 Te*itope )ress.
O"olai6 !.J. E9004F. The 1rowth of the "nglican Ch)rch in >"koko-
:a++a *istrict9 )0.D T0esis6 Depart*e$t o& Reli'io$s6
U$iversit% o& Ilori$7 Ilori$ U$pulis0e(.
70
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Dr6 Sa*uel Je*itola6 a'e( /0 %ears6 )rivate I$tervie" at O'ori o$
7/10/9009.
UNIT . THE PLANTING OF CHRISTIANITY IN
NIGERIA 9Y THE CHERU9I* AND
SERAPHI* *OVE*ENT
CONTENTS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e 1irt0 a$( C0il(0oo( o& >oses Ori*ola(e
?.9 T0e 1e'i$ o& Ori*ola(eHs >i$istr%
?.? T0e >issio$ar% Jour$e%s o& Ori*ola(e
?.. T0e Sprea( o& t0e >ove*e$t i$ t0e Wester$ #i'eria
?.4 T0e Sprea( o& t0e >ove*e$t i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria.
?./ T0e )ersecutio$ o& t0e >ove*e$t % t0e Colo$ial
Gover$*e$t
?.7 T0e Successor o& Ori*ola(e
?.; T0e Deat0 o& Ori*ola(e
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s

1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0e &irst u$it6 %ou lear$t aout t0e Aait0 Taer$acle6 a Societ% i$ t0e
!$'lica$ C0urc06 "0ic0 later *eta*orp0ose( i$to C0rist !postolic
C0urc0. Cou "ere tol( t0at it "as Go( "0o calle( 1aalola out o&
secular "or= to co*e a$( serve Hi* i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
#i'eria. Cou "ere also tau'0t 0o" 0e "as persecute( % t0e e$e*ies o&
t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria. !lso6 %ou lear$t 0o" 0e 0a$(e( over t0e Societ%
t0at 0a( $o" *eta*orp0ose( i$to a C0urc06 to a$ot0er Serva$t o& Go(.
I$ ot0er "or(s6 Go( (oes $ot use laD% people to carr% out His purpose6
ut 0ar( "or=i$' people li=e 1aalola to carr% out His pla$ o$ t0e eart0.
1aalolaHs case assure( ot0ers t0at it "as $ot o$l% t0e W0ite
>issio$aries t0at ca$ proclai* t0e Goo( #e"s to people6 ut t0at Go(
uses "0osoever respo$(e( to His call. I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill lear$ 0o"
Go( use( >oses Ori*ola(e to sprea( C0ristia$it% i$ ot0 Wester$ a$(
#ort0er$ )arts o& #i'eria. Cou "ill also lear$ aout 0is persecutio$ too.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
$arrate t0e call o& >oses Ori*ola(e
71
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
i(e$ti&% t0e co$triutio$s o& Ori*ola(e to t0e 'ro"t0 o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
e$u*erate t0e *issio$ 3our$e%s *a(e % Ori*ola(e.
(iscuss t0e persecutio$ o& Ori*ola(e.
/<0 *AIN CONTENT

/<1 T)! 9irt) +nd C)i,d)ood o2 *o! Ori"o,+d!
>oses Ori*ola(e O=e3eu Tou$lase "as a so$ to )a Tou$lase "0o
0aile( &ro* t0e ro%al &a*il% i$ I=are i$ t0e prese$t O$(o State6 #i'eria.
He "as or$ i$ 1;7:.
Ho"ever6 e&ore 0e "as or$6 t0e *ot0er su&&ere( a prolo$'e( laour to
t0e e@te$t t0at a $ative (octor "as co$sulte( % 0is pare$ts o$ "0at t0e%
s0oul( (o t0at "oul( *a=e 0is irt0. T0e% "ere tol( % t0e I&a Oracle
t0at t0e "oul( ,e c0il( "oul( e a 'reat *a$. T0e% i$structe( t0at t0e
*ot0er put o$ t0e c0ie&tai$c% ea(s o& t0e &a*il% o$ 0er $ec=6 a$( t0e
a% "oul( co*e out easil%. T0is "as (o$e a$( Ori*ola(e "as or$6
0e stoo( up a$( e'a$ to "al=. T0is *a(e t0e *i("i&e to &orce 0i* to
sit (o"$ t"ice. Ho"ever6 Ori*ola(e stoo( up t0e t0ir( ti*e a$( 0e
e'a$ to "al=. !t t0at *o*e$t6 t0e *i("i&e le&t 0i* a$( se$t &or 0is
&at0er to co*e a$( see 0is *iracle c0il(. W0e$ 0is &at0er sa" 0i*6 0e
ra$ i$to 0is roo* a$( rou'0t out so*e o3ects a$( *a(e i$ca$tatio$ to
i$vo=e po"er&ul spirits to co*e to 0is ai( si$ce 0e "as a *e(ici$e *a$
i$ t0e to"$. He tie( so*e o3ects o$ t0e le's o& t0e a% i$ or(er to stop
0i* &ro* "al=i$'. T0e o$loo=ers vie"e( t0e actio$s o& Tou$lase as
tr%i$' to (istur t0e c0il(. Ho"ever6 so*e $ei'0ours "e$t to re*ove
all o3ects "0ic0 0is &at0er tie( o$ 0i*. T0e c0il( "as t0e$ le&t
u$(isture( a'ai$ % t0e pare$ts. >a$% people "it0i$ a$( outsi(e t0e
to"$ "0o 0ear( aout t0is eve$t e'a$ to pa% visits to I=are to see t0e
*iracle c0il(. T0e =i$'6 $a*e( !3io%e6 also pai( a visit to t0e c0il(
'reete( 0i* i$ t0e tra(itio$al "a% o& t0e I=are people. Aor t0is stra$'e
e0aviour o& t0e a%6 t0e 5i$' *arvelle( a$( "e$t ac= to 0is palace.
!*o$' t0e people "0o visite( t0e o% "ere ol( "o*e$ "0o pai( 0i*
oeisa$ce. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 so*e o& t0e* use( t0e opportu$it% to
*a=e re-uests6 suc0 as &ruit&ul$ess o& t0e "o* &or t0e arre$ "o*e$ i$
t0e to"$6 prosperit%6 peace a$( 'oo( 0arvests6 "0ile so*e rou'0t 0i*
'i&ts. Ho"ever6 as t0ese eve$ts "ere ta=i$' place i$ t0e prese$ce o& ot0
pare$ts6 t0e &at0er "as *%sti&ie(. He eca*e e*arrasse( % t0e
co$sta$t visit o& t0e people to see t0e c0il(. !t a poi$t6 0e "a$te( to
leave t0e to"$ ut 0e "as (issua(e( &ro* leavi$'. )eople e''e( 0i* to
ear "it0 t0e a% a$( sta% i$ t0e to"$. He too= t0eir a(vice a$( sta%e(.
O$ t0e ei'0t0 (a% o& t0e a%6 0is pare$ts $a*e( 0i* Ori*ola(e6
Tou$lase O=e3eu. W0e$ t0e &at0er coul( $o lo$'er ear "it0 t0e
79
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
stra$'e t0i$'s t0at =ept o$ 0appe$i$' t0rou'0 Ori*ola(e6 0e su**o$e(
0is &a*il% &or a *eeti$' to ta=e 0is last (ecisio$ co$cer$i$' t0e c0il(.
T0e &a*il% a'ree( "it0 0i* to allo" t0e *ot0er to ta=e t0e c0il( to 0er
o"$ pare$tHs 0ouse a$( ta=e care o& 0i* t0ere.
!t t0e a'e o& ei'0t6 Ori*ola(e "e$t i$to Sai$t Step0e$Hs !$'lica$
C0urc06 I=are6 i$ t0e $i'0t. I$si(e t0e C0urc0 t0ere "as a 0eave$l% li'0t
s0i$i$' "it0i$ t0e C0urc0 a$( Heave$l% i$visile 1ei$'s si$'i$'
*elo(ious so$'s. T0e )astor o& t0e C0urc0 "0o live( i$ t0e vicara'e
0ear( t0e so$'6 0e "o=e up a$( "al=e( to"ar(s t0e C0urc0. He sa" t0e
(oor o& t0e C0urc0 t0at "as s0ut ope$e(. T0e )astor too= coura'e a$(
e$tere( t0e C0urc06 t0ere 0e sa" t0e la*e Ori*ola(e sitti$' i$ o$e
cor$er i$ t0e C0urc0. T0e 2icar as=e( 0i* "0o 0e "as a$( t0e voices
t0at "ere si$'i$' i$ t0e C0urc0. Ori*ola(e a$s"ere( 0i* t0at It0e%H
"ere t0e o$es. T0e 2icar &urt0er "0ere t0e ot0er voices "ere a$(
Ori*ola(e replie(6 RHere "e are.S !ccor(i$' to Olu Aa*o(i*u6 "0ile
ot0 "ere still (ialo'ui$' t0e voices starte( si$'i$' t0e sa*e so$' t0usB
O$ t0e >ou$t aove Jor(a$
I a* calle(6 I a* calle(
1% *% &avourites t0at 0a( 'o$e6 t0at 0a( 'o$e
I li=e to e$ter eter$it% "it0 t0e*
W0ere t0ere "ill e $o *ore parti$' &orever.
Co*e 0o*e6 Co*e to t0e 0o*e o& +ove
T0e oo= o& Jesus sai( to *e
T0at !$'els carrie( *e
Ho*e IHll re3oice
Jesus carries *e 0o*e.
!&ter t0e aove so$' "as over6 t0e 2icar6 0avi$' reco'$iDe( t0e o% as
t0e so$ o& Tou$lase6 (eci(e( to let t0i$'s e.

/<. T)! 1!(innin( o2 Ori"o,+d!E *initr-
I$ ot0er &or %ou to u$(ersta$( t0is u$it6 "e i$te$( to e@plai$ "0at
proal% *a(e Ori*ola(e la*e i$ 0is o%0oo(. It is assu*e( t0at t0e
c0ar* use( % 0is &at0er to &orce 0i* sit (o"$ "0e$ t0e *i("i&e i$vite(
0i* to co*e a$( see t0e o% sta$(i$' up o$ t0e ver% (a% t0at 0e "as
or$ cause( t0is. T0e 2icar sai( t0at 0e "as surprise( to see Ori*ola(e
"0o "as la*e i$si(e t0e C0urc0 alo$e "it0out seei$' a$%o$e "it0 0i*6
a$( a((e( to t0is "as t0e *%ster% o& u$see$ voices si$'i$' "it0 0i*
i$si(e t0e C0urc0. Co$cer$i$' t0e ti*e "0e$ 0e starte( 0is *i$istr% "e
"ere $ot i$&or*e( % sc0olars. Ho"ever6 "e "ere tol( t0at Ori*ola(e
e'a$ 0is *i$istr% at 0is 0o*e to"$ I=are /!=o=o i$ t0e prese$t O$(o
State. O$e,(a%6 people 3ust sa" Ori*ola(e "al=i$' o$ t0e street
si$'i$'. C0ristia$s i$ t0e to"$ "ere please( "0e$ t0e% sa" 0i* a$(
7?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
t0e% re3oice( "it0 0i* &or t0is *iracle. Ori*ola(e e'a$ to preac0 t0e
Gospel to people "0o ca*e out to see 0i* as 0e "al=e( o$ t0e street i$
t0e to"$. He also pra%e( &or t0ose "0o "ere ill.
I**e(iatel% 0e pra%e( &or t0e*6 t0e% receive( t0eir 0eali$'. >a$%
people "0o "ere 0eale( e'a$ to sprea( t0e activities o& Ori*ola(e
outsi(e I=are to"$.
Ori*ola(e e$3oi$e( 0is 0earers to co$&ess t0eir si$s a$( tur$e( a"a%
&ro* t0e*.
He tau'0t aout t0e e@iste$ce o& 0eave$ a$( 0ell. He tau'0t t0e* t0at
t0e ri'0teous people "oul( 'o to 0eave$ a&ter (eat06 "0ile t0e "ic=e(
people "oul( 'o to 0ell. T0ose "0o elieve( "ere loose( &ro*
o$(a'es. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 "o*e$ "0o "ere arre$ 'ave irt0 to
c0il(re$ as a result o& 0is pra%ers. He co$verte( *a$% people i$clu(i$'
0is *ot0er !i'ail6 o$e o& 0is sisters >ar%6 a$( t"o o& 0is rot0ers6
$a*el%6 )eter a$( Sa*uel E Aa*o(i*u 1::0F. >a$% people &ro* ot0er
to"$s a$( villa'es visite( Ori*ola(e to liste$ to 0is preac0i$'s.
1esi(es6 *a$% people also co$&esse( Jesus C0rist as t0eir +or( a$(
Saviour. T0e populatio$ o& C0ristia$s i$crease( "it0i$ a$( outsi(e I=are
to"$. Ho"ever6 as t0e C0ristia$s "ere 'la( "it0 t0e activities o&
Ori*ola(e6 t0e u$repe$te( 0eralists "ere sa( a$( t0e% e'a$ to
persecute 0i*. Ori*ola(e also e$coura'e( C0ristia$s to s0u$ t0e
"ors0ip o& t0e a$cestors i$ I=are to"$. >ale C0ristia$s "0o "a$te( to
'et *arrie( to &e*ales "0o "ere u$elievers "ere tol( % t0e pare$ts
o& t0ese "o*e$ to &or'et t0e i(ea6 u$less t0e% re$ou$ce t0e $e"
reli'io$.T0e preac0i$' o& Ori*ola(e e$coura'e( *a$% C0ristia$s to u%
t0e Hol% 1ile6 &or t0e% "a$te( to e rea(i$' t0e Wor( o& Go( &or
spiritual 'ro"t0. T0e lesso$s lear$t &ro* t0e 1ile 0elpe( t0e* to 'ro"
spirituall%. T0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e tra(itio$al reli'io$ appeale( to
Ori*ola(e to stop co$verti$' people i$to C0ristia$it% &or it a&&ecte(
t0eir liveli0oo(. T0is is ecause people stoppe( co$sulti$' t0e* over
t0eir prole*s a&ter 'ivi$' t0eir lives to Go(. Ori*ola(e "as "ar$e( to
stop co$verti$' people i$to C0ristia$it% or ris= 0is li&e a$( t0e lives o&
0is &ollo"ers. He i$&or*e( t0e C0ristia$s aout t0is ut e$coura'e(
t0e* $ot to &ear t0e tra(itio$alists a$( t0at t0e +or( Jesus C0rist "oul(
'lori&% Hi*sel&. T0e tra(itio$alists trie( to carr% out t0eir evil pla$
a'ai$st t0e C0ristia$s "0ile Ori*ola(e "as preac0i$' at O=oru$ street
I=are,!=o=o. T0e% "e$t to co$&ro$t t0e C0ristia$s at t0e preac0i$'
'rou$(. T0e tra(itio$al priests use( c0ar*s a$( cutlasses to 0arass t0e
C0ristia$s. 1ut Ori*ola(e calle( upo$ t0e +or( Jesus C0rist6 to &i'0t
&or t0e*. He t0e$ stretc0e( 0is sta&& to"ar(s t0e evil people a$( t0e%
e'a$ to &i'0t t0e*selves6 "0ile t0e C0ristia$s stoo( "atc0i$' as t0e%
&i'0t t0e*selves. >a$% o& t0e* "ere "ou$(e( "it0 t0eir "eapo$s a$(
c0ar*s "0ic0 t0e% "ere suppose to use o$ t0e C0ristia$s. So*e o&
7.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
t0e* 0o"ever6 0avi$' see$ t0e po"er o& Go( as superior to t0eir 'o(s6
3oi$e( t0e C0urc0. T0e re*ai$i$' tra(itio$alists "e$t to tell t0e =i$' o&
I=are t0at C0ristia$s "ere =illi$' people i$ t0e to"$. T0e =i$' se$t &or
police *e$ to arrest t0e*. T0e% "ere arreste( a$( t0e% "ere ta=e$ to
5aa priso$ i$ 5o'i State. 1ut Ori*ola(e "as e@clu(e(. Ho"ever6 as
0e 'ot to =$o" aout t0e i$ci(e$t6 le&t I=are &or 5aa to"$. W0e$ 0e
'ot t0ere6 Ori*ola(e e'a$ to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s at 5aa to"$.
Ori*ola(e also tol( t0e people to release t0e I=are C0ristia$s "0o "ere
loc=e( up i$ t0eir priso$. Ho"ever6 as t0e District O&&icer lear$t aout
"0at Ori*ola(e preac0e(6 0e or(ere( t0e release o& C0ristia$s t0at "ere
rou'0t &ro* I=are. !&ter letti$' out t0e C0ristia$s6 t0e O&&icer tol(
t0e* to 'o to t0eir 0o*e to"$. !ll t0e release( priso$ers "e$t to t0eir
various 0o*es u$0urt. O$ t0e arrival o& (etai$e( C0ristia$s i$ t0e to"$
people re3oice( a$( t0e% co$ti$ue( i$ t0eir 3our$e% o& &ait0.

/<? T)! S0r!+d o2 t)! *o%!"!nt in t)! &!t!rn Ni(!ri+
Ori*ola(e e'a$ 0is *issio$ar% 3our$e% i$ t0e %ear 1:1/. He le&t I=are
&or Iru$ !=o=o i$ 1:1/. I$ t0e to"$6 0e "as co$&ro$te( % "itc0es6
"iDar(s a$( tra(itio$al "ors0ipers. He "as co$&ro$te( ecause t0e
Wor( o& Go( "as a'ai$st t0eir practices. I$ 0is preac0i$'6 0e appeale(
to "0oever elo$'e( to suc0 societies to repe$t6 &orsa=e t0e* a$( accept
Jesus C0rist as t0eir Saviour. Ori*ola(e "as also sai( to 0ave (estro%e(
o$e o& t0e te*ples o& t0e tra(itio$al "ors0ipers i$ t0e to"$6 a&ter "0ic0
0e le&t t0e place &or O'a'i. T0ere 0e preac0e( t0e Goo( #e"s to t0e
people o& t0e to"$. >a$% people "0o liste$e( to 0is preac0i$'s
accepte( Jesus C0rist as t0eir Saviour. Ori*ola(e &urt0er sprea( t0e
Gospel to !=u$'a6 O=a6 I=ira$6 >erri6 I&o$6 a$( O"o. He *ove( &ro*
t0ese to"$s to 1e$i$,Cit% i$ t0e prese$t E(o State6 #i'eria. He
oserve( t0at so*e o& t0e tra(itio$al "ors0ippers use( 0u*a$ ei$'s &or
sacri&ices to t0eir 'o(s. Ori*ola(e preac0e( t0e Goo( #e"s to t0e* a$(
*a$% o& t0e* repe$te( a$( 3oi$e( t0e C0urc0. He *ove( &ro* t0ere to
Its0e=iri 5i$'(o* to preac0. Ori*ola(e le&t Is0e=iri la$( to +o=o3a6 i$
5o'i State6 #i'eria. He sprea( t0e Gospel &ro* t0ere to I(a0. !t ot0
to"$s6 0e preac0e( t0e Gospel6 a$( preac0e( *a$% *iracles t0at people
sa" a$( t0e% 3oi$e( t0e c0urc0. Ori*ola(e *ove( &ro* +o=o3a to
O$its0a to pla$t a >issio$ Statio$. He le&t t0e place &or Sapele i$ Deltal
State to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s. He &urt0er le&t Sapele &or t0e &ollo"i$'
to"$s7 O'ori6 !=u$$u6 I=ara*u6 Da3a6 I'a6 Uro*i6 I'asi O*uo6 5aa
a$( O'i(i "0ere 0e pla$te( >issio$ Statio$s. Ori*ola(e "as t0e o$l%
>issio$ar% "0o volu$taril% sprea( t0e Gospel to O'ori la$( "it0out
ei$' i$vite( % t0e i$(i'e$es as t0e% (i( &or t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar%
Societ%. !lt0ou'0 t0e% "ere i$vite( to teac0 t0e* 0o" to rea( a$(
"rite a$( $ot &or t0e purpose o& pla$ti$' t0e Gospel $or to ai( t0e*
&i'0t t0eir e$e*ies as ot0er Corua people6 suc0 as t0e 1a(a'r% a$( t0e
E'a people (i(.
74
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<A T)! 0r!+d o2 t)! *o%!"!nt in Nort)!rn Ni(!ri+ +nd
L+(o
Ori*ola(e sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to t0e &ollo"i$' to"$s7 1i(a 6Garia6
5a$o6 Ilori$6 a$( O&a. Ori*ola(e le&t t0e #ort0er$ parts o& t0e cou$tr%
ac= to t0e Wester$ parts o& #i'eria to pla$t 0is >issio$ Statio$s7
I=iru$6 Oso'o6 E(e6 O'o*oso6 Ia(a$6 !eo=uta a$( +a'os. T0e
*ove*e$t "as estalis0e( i$ 5a(u$a % >rs. !(ei%i i$ 1:97. I$
+a'os6 Ori*ola(e *et a %ou$' 'irl calle( !io(u$ !=i$so"o$.
!io(u$ 3oi$e( Ori*ola(e i$ t0e sprea(i$' o& t0e Gospel "0e$ s0e "as
seve$tee$ a$( a 0al& %ears. I$ 1:946 s0e "e$t i$to a tra$ce &ro* 1;
t0
to
94
t0
Ju$e Ori*ola(e a(opte( 0er as 0is o"$ (au'0ter. W0ile s0e "as
"it0 Ori*ola(e6 s0e co$triute( to t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel. >a$%
>issio$ Statio$s "ere ope$e( % ot0 o& t0e*. Ori*ola(e later sta%e(
put i$ +a'os >issio$ Statio$6 "0ile co**issio$e( !io(u$ to co$ti$ue
sprea(i$' t0e &ait0 to ot0er to"$s a$( villa'es. I$ +a'os6 Ori*ola(e
preac0e( t0e Gospel a$( per&or*e( *a$% *iracles. >a$% co$verts
sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to t0eir o"$ people i$ various to"$s a$(
villa'es. Ori*ola(e &urt0er co**issio$e( ot0er *e*ers i$ +a'os6
*a(e t0e si'$ o& t0e cross o$ t0eir pal*s a$( se$t t0e* out to sprea( t0e
Goo( #e"s6 to set t0e oppresse( &ree &ro* t0e (evil a$( a&&lictio$s a$(
to 0eal t0e sic=. He "ar$e( t0e* $ot to s0a=e 0a$(s "it0 people as t0e%
carrie( out t0eir *issio$s6 *a$% people t0e% touc0e( "ere 0eale( o&
(iseases. I$ +a'os Ori*ola(e 0eale( !lert Is0ola Cole o& poiso$.
!ccou$ti$' to Aa*o(i*u E1::0F6 Ori*ola(e *a(e a si'$ o& t0e cross o$
t0e *a$Hs c0est t0ree ti*es a$( 0e vo*ite( out a$ o3ect i$ &or* o& re(
parrot &eat0er. I**e(iatel%6 Is0ola eca*e "0ole. It "as also sai( t0at
Ori*ola(e raise( up >att0e" IHE=u O3oH &ro* t0e (ea(. T0e $e"s o&
t0e t"o eve$ts sprea( i$ +a'os a$( people 3oi$e( Ori*ola(eHs >issio$
i$ lar'e $u*ers. Ori*ola(e t0e$ $a*e( t0e >ove*e$t as t0e
ISerap0i*H .o$ t0e :
t0
Septe*er6 1:94. O$ t0e 9/
t0
>arc06 1:9/6 0e
a((e( t0e $a*e IC0erui*H. Si$ce t0e$6 t0e >ove*e$t eca*e =$o"$
as C0erui* a$( Serap0i*. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 t0e >ove*e$t is later
tra$s&or*e( i$to a C0urc0 "it0 *a$% ra$c0es all over t0e cou$tr%.
/<= T)! P!r!cution o2 t)! *o%!"!nt
I$ 1:946 t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* a(0ere$ts "ere persecute( %
ot0er
>issio$s i$ #i'eria. I$ +a'os6 !rc0(eaco$ O'u$i%i o& t0e 1rea(&ruit
!$'lica$ C0urc06 =ic=e( a'ai$st t0e a$'elsH $a*es t0at t0e *ove*e$t
'ave to t0eir *issio$. I$ a((itio$ to t0is6 0e "as also a'ai$st people
calli$' Ori*ola(e t0e $a*e I!lu&aaH *ea$i$'6 IRevere$(H si$ce 0e "as
$ot or(ai$e( % a$% >issio$. !lso a $e"spaper6 #i'eria pio$eer "rote
critical articles a'ai$st t0e practices o& t0e >ove*e$t i$ Jul%6 1:97.
7/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Aurt0er *ore6 so*e people also accuse( t0e a(0ere$ts o& preac0i$'
a'ai$st t0e use o& tra(itio$al (ru's. T0e preac0i$' o& t0e >ove*e$t
a'ai$st tra(itio$al 'o(s6 custo*s6 "itc0es6 0eralists a$( "iDar(s *a(e
*e*ers o& suc0 societies 0ate t0e a(0ere$ts. 1esi(es t0e aove
*e$tio$e( reaso$s6 people persecute( *e*ers o& t0e >issio$ ecause
o& o$e o& t0eir so$'s "0ic0 "e$t t0us7
IH S"or( o& t0e +or(6 s"or( o& Hol% >ic0ael "oul(
(estro%e( t0e "ic=e( people o& t0e la$( u$less t0e%
repe$t a$( accept t0e Goo( #e"s t0e% rou'0t to
t0e*B E'u$'u$ "ors0ipers "ere laouri$' i$ vai$.
Hol% >ic0ael "oul( (estro% t0e*.
T0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% M!$'lica$N a$( t0e
tra(itio$al "ors0ippers "rote a letter to t0e Gover$or at +o=o3a to 0elp
t0e* stop Serap0i* a$( C0erui* Aait0 i$ #i'eria. T0e Gover$or
or(ere( Ori*ola(e to stop sprea(i$' 0is &ait0 i$ #i'eria. Ho"ever6
Ori*ola(e -uote( t0e Wor( o& Go( i$ 0is letter to t0e Gover$ors t0us7

IHI& t0is cou$sel is o& *e$6 it "ill co*e to $ot0i$'6 ut6 i& it
is o& Go(6 %e ca$$ot overt0ro" it M!cts46 vs. ?;,?:N
Ho"ever6 t0e Gover$or or(ere( all District O&&icers to stop t0e sprea( o&
t0e >issio$ i$ t0eir areas. Aor e@a*ple6 o$ t0e 99
$(
Ju$e6 1:?16 t0e
District O&&icer at O'o*oso se$t a"a% o$e o& t0e prop0ets $a*e(
!(e%e*i &ro* O'o*oso to"$. I$ O%o to"$6 >r. Ross se$t *essa'es
to all t0e Districts O&&icers u$(er 0i* to se$( a"a% all eva$'elists o& t0e
>ove*e$t i$ O%o 5i$'(o*. Ot0er *et0o(s t0at "ere use( to curtail
t0e sprea( o& t0e >issio$ i$ t0e cou$tr% "ere t0e use o& 5i$'s6 C0ie&s
a$( t0e #oles to stop 'ivi$' t0e* la$( to estalis0 >issio$ Statio$s.
Ho"ever6 it "as reporte( t0at t0e 5i$' o& E$'la$( (uri$' t0is perio(
"as ill a$( 0e se$t to t0e Gover$or i$ #i'eria to loo= &or people to pra%
&or 0is recover%. T0e 'over$or i$ tur$ se$t to all District O&&icers i$
#i'eria to loo= &or people to pra% &or 0is recover% t0e =i$'. T0e
Gover$or &i$all% se$t to )rop0et Ori*ola(e to pra% &or t0e 5i$' o&
E$'la$( to recover. )rop0et Ori*ola(e pra%e( &or t0e recover% o& t0e
5i$'. T0e Gover$or se$t *essa'e to t0e 5i$' t0at 0e 0a( ee$ pra%e(
&or % t0e )rop0et i$ -uestio$ i$ t0e cou$tr% at a particular 0our o& a
certai$ (a%. T0e 5i$' (iscovere( t0at it "as t0e ver% perio( t0at 0e "as
pra%e( &or % Ori*ola(e "0o "as i$ #i'eria t0at 0e recovere( &ro* 0is
ill$ess i$ E$'la$(. He se$t .00 pou$(s sterli$' to >oses Ori*ola(e i$
#i'eria as to=e$ o& 0is appreciatio$ &or 0is e&&ective pra%er t0at 0e
elieve( 0a( 0eale( 0i* &ro* a &ar (ista$ce. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e
>ove*e$t "as &ree( &ro* t0e persecutio$ o& t0e Gover$*e$t. !s a
result o& t0is t0e >ove*e$t eca*e &ree to estalis0 >issio$ Statio$s i$
ever% State i$ #i'eria. Si$ce t0e$6 t0e >ove*e$t 0as uilt *a$%
sc0ools6 colle'es a$( a u$iversit% $a*e( IC0erui* a$( Serap0i*
77
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
U$iversit% o& #i'eria6O*u,!ra$6 5"ara State6 #i'eria.H T0e I$stitutio$
is locate( at O*u,!ra$ to"$.
/<7 T)! Succ!or o2 Ori"o,+d!

Aa*o(i*u E1::0F6 state( t0at Ori*ola(e calle( so*e el(ers o& t0e
>ove*e$t to a(vise 0i* o$ "0o to ta=e t0e lea(ers0ip a&ter 0i*. He
"as a(vise( % t0e el(ers to ta=e el(er O$a$u'a. Ori*ola(e t0e$ put o$
0i* o$e o& 0is "0ite pra%er 'o"$s6 lesse( 0i*6 a$oi$te( 0i* a$(
0a$(e( t0e >issio$ over to 0i*. O$ t0e 1;
t0
Octoer6 1:??6 t0e u$see$
'uests o& Ori*ola(e "0o visite( 0i* "0e$ 0e "as %ou$' i$si(e Sai$t
Step0e$Hs !$'lica$ C0urc06 I=are6 !=o=o6 ca*e to 0i* a$( t0e% sa$'
so$'s o& victor%. )rop0ets !'ei a$( )eter "0o "ere "it0 0i* 0ear(
t0e so$'s ut t0e% coul( $ot see t0e si$'ers. Aa*o(i*u &urt0er sai( t0at
it "as at aout ?.a* o$ t0e (a% i$ -uestio$ t0at >oses Ori*ola(e 3oi$e(
ot0er &ait0&uls i$ t0e 5i$'(o* o& Go(.
SELF ASSIGN*ENT E@ERCISE
Discuss t0e $a*e IC0erui* a$( Serap0i*H.
?<0 CONCLUSION
T0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc0 e'a$ as a >ove*e$t "it0
Ori*ola(e6 a $ative o& I=are6 i$ t0e prese$t O$(o State. He "as
persecute( % Gover$*e$t a'e$ts a$( ot0er people "0o "ere oppose(
to 0is >ove*e$t. He pra%e( &or t0e 5i$' o& E$'la$( a$( Go( a$s"ere(
0is pra%er &or t0e 5i$' recovere( &ro* 0is ill$ess. Ori*ola(e pla$te( 0is
>issio$ i$ t0e Wester$6 Easter$6 Sout0er$ a$( #ort0er$ parts o&
#i'eria. He 0eale( *a$% people6 raise( t0e (ea( a$( per&or*e( *a$%
*iracles. Ori*ola(e appoi$te( *a$% eva$'elists a$( co**issio$e(
t0e* to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s i$ #i'eria. He 0a$(e( over t0e >issio$
to O$a$u'a to lea( t0e a(0ere$ts o& t0e &ait0. T0e voices t0at "ere 0ear(
% t0e 2icar o& t0e !$'lica$ C0urc06 i$ t0e I=are >issio$ Statio$ e&ore
0is call % Go(6 also so$' a'ai$ o$ t0e last (a% o& 0is li&e. I$(ee( 0is
"as a &ul&ille( li&e.
A<0 SU**ARY
Cou s0oul( 0ave $ote( i$ t0e course o& t0is stu(% t0e &ollo"i$' poi$ts
as *a3or roles pla%e( % t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* >ove*e$t i$
#i'eria. T0ese are7
a T0e >ove*e$t "as a$ i$(i'e$ous o$e.
. >oses Ori*ola(e e'a$ its sprea( i$ #i'eria.
c. T0e >ove*e$t "as persecute( % t0e Gover$*e$t o& t0e la$(6
tra(itio$al a(0ere$ts6 c0ie&s6 a$( ot0er >issio$s i$ #i'eria.
7;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
(. T0e Ori*ola(e >issio$ "as t0e o$l% o$e t0at volu$teere( to
sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to O'ori la$( "it0out t0e people i$viti$'
0i* to (o so u$li=e t0e !$'lica$ >issio$ t0at "ere i$vite( %
t0e* to t0e to"$.
e. T0e >issio$ also use( !io(u$ to sprea( its &ait0 to #i'eria$s.
&. T0e >issio$ 0a( appoi$te( Eva$'elists to sprea( its &ait0 i$
#i'eria.
'. T0e >ove*e$t 0as sprea( to t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria6 suc0 as
5a(u$a6 5a$o6 1i(a a$( Garia6 Hausa a$( Aula$i spea=i$' areas
"0ic0 +or( +u'ar( pro0iite( t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%
"it0out ta=e$ per*issio$ &ro* t0e E*irs e&ore preac0i$' t0e
Goo( #e"s.
!s &or t0e >issio$ i$ -uestio$6 it "as $ot sai( % a$% o(% i$ #i'eria
t0at t0e% too= per*issio$ &ro* a$% o& t0e E*irs e&ore pla$ti$' t0eir
&ait0 i$ t0e area.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1F Discuss t0e Call o& >oses Ori*ola(e.
9F T0e a(optio$ o& !io(u$ as Ori*ola(eHs (au'0ter "as a lessi$'
or a curse6 Discuss.
?F State t0e &actors t0at le( to t0e rapi( sprea( o& t0e >ove*e$t i$
#i'eria.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
Aa*o(i*u6 O. 1::0. >oses Ori*ola(e Tu$olase Supre*e Aou$(er
C0erui* a$( Serap0i* Worl("i(e6 5a(u$a7 !i1co* #i'eria
+t(.
O'u$i%i6 O. O 1::/. IReli'io$ a$( Cultural I(e$tit%B T0e
E@perie$ce o& t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* C0urc06 #i'eriaHHi$
t0e 3ars Jour$al o& !raic a$( reli'ious Stu(ies6 T0e Depart*e$t
o& Reli'io$s6 U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 #i'eria6 vol.1? Dece*er.
O"olai6 J. !. 9004. The 1rowth of the "nglican Ch)rch in "koko-
:a++a *istrict! 19?-199@6 The *epartment of &eligions $t)dies6
Ilori$7 U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 #i'eria6 )0.D. T0esis6 U$pulis0e(.
7:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT / CELESTIAL CHURCH OF CHRIST
CONTENTS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ o(%
?.1 T0e 1irt0 o& Sa*uel 1ile"u Os0o&&a
?.9 T0e 1irt0 o& Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist
?.? T0e Gro"t0 a$( Estalis0*e$t o& Celestial C0urc0 o&
C0rist
?.. T0e Doctri$es o& t0e >issio$ a$( t0e Deat0 o& t0e
Aou$(er
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
T0is u$it "ill i$tro(uce %ou to t0e &ou$(er o& t0e Celestial C0urc0 o&
C0rist.It "ill also e$li'0te$ %ou aout 0o" t0e $a*e o& t0e C0urc0 ca*e
aout. Os0o&&a >oreover6 %ou "ill also lear$ aout 0o" >r. !le@a$(er
Ca$'a &ell i$to tra$ce a$( )astor treate( 0i*. Cou "ill also lear$ aout
t0e a(0ere$ts relatio$s "it0 ot0er reli'ious o(ies i$ #i'eria. Aurt0er
*ore6 t0is u$it "ill s0e( li'0t o$ 0o" t0e >issio$ 0opes to recovers t0e
lost spiritual treasure. I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill also lear$ aout t0e
>issio$Hs (octri$es. T0e >issio$ also pa%s 0o*a'e to t0e previous
I$(i'e$es C0urc0 &ou$(ers i$ #i'eria. T0is %ou "ill lear$ i$ t0is "or=.
Cou "ill also lear$ aout t0e "or= o& Os0o&&a o$ t0e eart0 a$( 0is (eat0
i$ t0e %ear 1:;4.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
#arrate t0e stor% o& Os0o&&a
Discuss t0e teac0i$'s o& t0e >issio$
Descrie t0e tra$ce o& Ca$'a.

/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! 9irt) o2 S+"u!, 9i,!4u O)o22+
Sa*uel 1ile"u Josep0 Os0o&&a "as or$ i$ 1:0: i$ )orto #ovo6
Repulic o& 1e$i$. His *ot0er 0aile( &ro* I*e=o i$ !eo=uta6 O'u$
;0
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
State6 #i'eria. His &at0er >r. O3o 0a( *a$% c0il(re$. !ll t0e *ale
c0il(re$ e@cept 1ile"u (ie(. His &at0er O3o Os0o&&a 0aile( &ro*
!eo=uta i$ O'u$ State6 #i'eria. He "as a$ a(0ere$t o& >et0o(ist
&ait0. 1ile"u "as 'ive$ to t0e >et0o(ist Revere$( to ta=e care o& 0i*
% 0is &at0er i$ t0e earl% a'e. It 0as ei$' sai( t0at 1ile"u re&use( to
*oul( loc=s &or t0e Colle'e uil(i$' "0ic0 0e atte$(e(. Aor t0at
reaso$6 0e "as se$t ac= to 0is &at0er. His &at0er i**e(iatel% *a(e 0i*
lear$ Carpe$tr% a$( also to "or= "it0 0i* u$til 4t0 Ju$e61:?:. !&ter t0e
(eat0 o& 0is &at0er6 0e specialiDe( o$ tra(i$' i$ Eo$% pla$=s. W0ile 0e
"as i$ t0e &orest to purc0ase pla$=s &or sale6 0e "oul( also pra% a$(
rea( 0is 1ile. 1ile"u 'ot *arrie( to !la=e I%ao o& I*e=o6 E'a(o6 i$
!eo=uta6 #i'eria.
/<. T)! 9irt) o2 C!,!ti+, C)urc) o2 C)rit
O$ t0e 9?
r(
o& >a% 1:.76 1ile"u "e$t i$to t0e &orest to pra% i$ )orto
#ovo. It "as at t0e perio( t0at t0e eclipse o& t0e su$ too= place. W0ile
0e "as pra%i$'6 0e 0ear( a I2oiceH sa%i$'B I+U+IH *ea$i$'B IT0e Grace
o& our +or( Jesus C0ristHH. . !ccor(i$' to O=u$ola 1ile"u sa" t0e
&ollo"i$' o3ects as 0e ope$e( 0is e%es a&ter pra%er.
1. ! "0ite *o$=e% t0at 0a( t"o teet0 "it0 "i$'e( 0a$(s. Its &eet
loo=e( li=e t0at o& t0e at.
9. ! statio$ar% ir( t0at "as e0avi$' li=e a peacoc=. It 0a( various
colours.
?. ! s0ort s$a=e aout o$e &oot lo$' a$( it stoo( coile( a$( its
*out0 "as pu&&e( li=e a cora.
I$ t0e prese$ce o& t0e aove $a*e( creatures6 1ile"u &elt a"e( a$( 0is
o(% 0a( 'oose pi*ples.
T0e i$terpretatio$s o& t0e visio$s "0ic0 0e sa" 0ere e@plai$e( t0us7
T0e >o$=e% *ea$t t0e tric=s or pra$=s "0ic0 0u*a$ ei$'s pla% i$ t0e
u$iverse to ac0ieve t0eir sel&is0 'oals or (esires. 1ile"u "as t0e$
"ar$e( $ot to allo" 0i*sel& to e tric=e( % 0u*a$ ei$'s6 &or tric=s
lea( to t0e (o"$ &all o& people. W0ile t0e ir( "0ic0 0e sa" e0avi$'
li=e a peacoc= i$(icate( t0e pri(e "0ic0 (o causes t0e (o"$&all o& *a$%
people. 1ile"u "as tol( $ot to i*itate t0e people "0o are prou( &or
pri(e lea(s to t0e (o"$&all o& suc0 people.
T0e s0ort s$a=e si'$i&ie( (eceit a$( *ista=e o& t0e past i$ t0e Gar(e$ o&
E(e$. 1ile"u "as "ar$e( to lear$ &ro* t0e lesso$ t0at t0e stor% o& t0e
E(e$. He s0oul( proal% avoi( t0ese t0i$'s "0ic0 Go( 0a( s0o"$ to
0i*. T0e i$ailit% o& t0e s$a=e to 0urt 0u* i$(icate( t0at 0e "as
a$oi$te( to (eal "it0 all evil (ee(s i$ t0e U$iverse. It also &ul&ille( t0e
Scriptures t0at sa%s6
;1
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
>"nd these signs will follow those who +elie0e3
In My name they will cast o)t demons3 they will speak with new
tong)es6
They will take )p serpents3 and if they drink anything deadly3 it
will +y no means h)rt them3they will lay hands on the sick! and
they will reco0er622
!ll t0e $a*e( aove i$ci(e$ts t0at too= place i$ t0e us0 "it0 1ile"u
*ar=e( t0e e'i$$i$' o& t0e Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist.
/</ T)! Gro4t) +nd Et+#,i)"!nt o2 t)! C!,!ti+, C)urc)
O$ t0e 9:
t0
Septe*er6 1:.76 1ile"u "as i$ 0is 0ouse pra%i$' "0e$ t0e
a$'el o& t0e +or( appeare( to 0i* i$ a stro$' ra% o& li'0t a$( 0e "as
tol( t0at 0e 0a( ee$ c0ose$ to carr% out a Spiritual >essa'e to t0e
"0ole "orl(. T0e a$'el &urt0er tol( 0i* t0at *a$% people (ie "it0out
salvatio$. T0is is ecause people (o loo= &or salvatio$ &ro* Sata$ "0e$
t0e% &ace prole*s i$ li&e. 1esi(es6 t0e% also &ail to liste$ to t0e Wor( o&
Go( t0at is ei$' preac0e( to t0e* % a$oi$te( *e$ o& Go(. He "as
tol( t0at 0is calli$' "oul( e ac=e( % *iracles. 1ile"u e'a$ 0is
>issio$ % preac0i$' a$( 0eali$' t0e sic= ca*e to 0ear t0e Wor( o&
Go(. He also 0eale( t0ose t0at "ere rou'0t % t0eir relatives to 0i*.
!s t0ese co$ti$ue(6 >r. !le@a$(er Ca$'a "as ta=e$ to 1ile"u &or
spiritual 0eali$'. T0ere6 >r. Ca$'a &ell i$to tra$ce &or seve$ (a%s. !s 0e
"as i$ t0e tra$ce6 Ca$'a $a*e( t0e >issio$ o& 1ile"u6 t0usB IE'lise Du
C0ristia$is*e CelesteH "0ic0 *ea$sH Celestial C0urc0 o& C0ristHH.
1ile"u co$ti$ue( t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel to various places suc0 as
!'a$'e6 5u(i0o6a$( )orto,#ovo "0ere t0e (ie( "ere raise( to live a$(
people "ere 0eale(. 1ile"u also love( *usic. He pla%e( t0e &ollo"i$'
*usical i$stru*e$ts7 )ia$o6 Guitar6 Tru*pet a$( 2ioli$. T0ese activities
(re" *a$% people to 0ear 0i* as 0e preac0e( t0e Gospel. 1ile"u use(
t0e &ollo"i$' la$'ua'es to preac0 t0e Goo( #e"s to 0is 0earers7 Are$c06
E'u$ a$( Corua. He so*e ti*es use( E$'lis0 la$'ua'e to preac06
ut 0e o&te$ use( i$terpreters to i$terpret 0is *essa'es to E$'lis0
spea=i$' people.
1ile"u sprea( 0is 'ospel to !eo=uta6 5etu6 +a'os6 O(o'olu6 Ia(a$
a$( ot0er parts o& #i'eria
.
/<? T)! Doctrin! o2 t)! *iion +nd t)! D!+t) o2 t)!
Found!r
T0e Celestial C0urc0 elieves t0at all people "0o 0ave &ait0 i$ t0e +or(
Go( "ors0ip t0e sa*e !l*i'0t% "0o create( 0u*a$ ei$' a$( t0e
U$iverse. T0e reli'ious a$( (e$o*i$atio$al (i&&ere$ces provi(e( eac0
;9
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
a(0ere$t t0e "a% to practise 0is or 0er reli'io$ a$( 0ave 'oo(
relatio$s0ip "it0 ot0er &ello" 0u*a$ ei$'s o$ t0e eart0.
T0e >issio$ is out to see= salvatio$ &or all "ors0ipers o& Go( i$ t0e
"orl(. 1elievers s0oul( see t0e*selves as rot0ers a$( sisters "0o serve
Go( u$(er t0e sa*e u*rella. T0e a(0ere$ts re'ar( ever%o(% t0at
"ors0ips Go( as O$e o(% i$ t0e +or( Go( !l*i'0t%. T0ere&ore6 T0e%
see $o reaso$ &or people to e$'a'e i$ reli'ious -uarrel. T0e *issio$ o&
t0e C0urc0 is to s0e( *ore li'0t o$ t0e >i$istr% o& t0e +or( Jesus
C0rists o$ t0e Eart0. T0e >issio$ is also out to searc0 &or t0e lost souls
a$( lea( t0e* ac= to Jesus C0rist. T0e *issio$ also co$si(ers t0e
perio( "0ic0 Jesus C0rist spe$t o$ t0e eart0 to set people &ree &ro*
o$(a'es to 0ave ee$ ver% s0ort .T0ere&ore6 t0e >issio$ 0as ee$
co**issio$e( % Go( to co$ti$ue t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel a$( set
people &ree &ro* t0eir o$(a'es. T0e >issio$ is also out to co$ti$ue t0e
"or= o& Salvatio$ "0ic0 t0e (isciples "ere u$ale to co*plete "0ile
t0e% "ere o$ t0e eart0. T0e c0urc0 re'ar(s t0e &ollo"i$' prop0ets as t0e
&ore ru$$ers o& Os0o&&a7 Ori*ola(e6 1aalola a$( Ositelu.. T0e >issio$
teac0es C0ristia$s to love t0eir $ei'0ours "0o are $ot C0ristia$s6
especiall%6 >usli*s. C0ristia$s a$( >usli*s s0oul( e e$coura'e( to
live to'et0er as rot0ers a$( sisters "0o serve t0e sa*e Go(. !lso6
"0ite a$( lac= races s0oul( see t0e*selves as Creatures o& Go(. T0e%
*ust $ot (iscri*i$ate a'ai$st t0e*selves. T0e *issio$ elieves t0at
t0eir ac0ieve*e$ts are part a$( parcel o& C0ristHs ac0ieve*e$ts i$ t0e
U$iverse. T0e >issio$ pa%s 0o*a'e to t0ose "0o 0ave preac0e( t0e
Gospel a$( (eparte( t0e "orl( to para(ise. T0e C0urc0 teac0es t0at
*a$Hs =i$'(o* o& 0eave$ e'i$s as soo$ as 0e or s0e (ies. It also
teac0es t0at t0ere s0oul( e $o reli'ious co$(e*$atio$ or (iscri*i$atio$
o& a$% =i$(. Aurt0er *ore6 it teac0es t0at it is o$l% Go( t0at =$o"s "0o
a$( "0o "ill e save(. T0e >ove*e$t co$(e*$s pri(e. It also teac0es
people to respect co$stitute( aut0orit% a$( also our pare$ts. Os0o&&a
(ie( i$ 1:;4.

SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
T0e slaver% o& O3o i$ t0e Repulic o& 1e$i$ "as a lessi$' to t0e
C0riste$(o*. Discuss.

?<0 CONCLUSION
Os0o&&a "as or$ i$ t0e Repulic o& 1e$i$. He "as a$ a(0ere$t o& t0e
>et0o(ist &ait0. His &at0er calle( O3o 0aile( &ro* !eo=uta i$ O'u$
State6 #i'eria. 1ile"u "as t0e o$l% so$ o& 0is &at0er. O3o *a(e a
cove$a$t "it0 Go( t0at i& He 'ave 0i* a *ale c0il(6 0e "oul( e *a(e
to serve 0i*. Aor t0is reaso$6 "0e$ 1ile"u "as or$6 O3o 'ave to o$e
t0e >et0o(ist )riest to ta=e care o& 0i*. T0e )astor put 1ile"u i$ a
;?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Sc0ool6 ut 1ile"u (isoe% t0e Sc0ool aut0orit% "0e$ all t0e pupils
"ere or(ere( to *oul( loc=s6 0e re&use( to co*pile. Aor t0is reaso$6 0e
"as se$t out o& t0e Sc0ool. 1ile"u "as t0e$ &orce( % 0is &at0er to lear$
carpe$tr% s=ill. He "as ver% 'oo( i$ t0e "or=. W0ile at "or=6 0e "as
al"a%s pra%i$' a$( rea(i$' 0is 1ile. 1ile"u 'ot *arrie( to !la=e I%a&o
o& I*e=o o& !eo=uta i$ O'u$ State6 #i'eria. Histor% 0as it t0at t0e
'ra$( &at0er o& 1ile"u "as ta=e$ as a slave &ro* !eo=uta to t0e
Repulic o& 1e$i$. 1ut "0e$ 0e 'ot t0ere6 0e &ell sic=. !s a result o& 0is
sic=$ess6 0is *aster "0o ou'0t 0i* coul( $ot resol( 0i* to a$% ot0er
slave u%ers. So6 0e retai$e( 0i*. T0ere 0e 'ave irt0 to Os0o&&a "0o i$
tur$ 'ave irt0 to 1ile"u t0e &ou$(er o& t0e Celestial &ait0 i$ t0e
Repulic o& 1e$i$ a$( #i'eria. T0e teac0i$'s o& t0e C0urc0 e*p0asiDe
u$it% o& all elievers irrespective o& (e$o*i$atio$al (i&&ere$ces a$( also
u$co$(itio$al love a*o$' peoples o& t0e "orl(.
A<0 SU**ARY
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave lear$t t0e &ollo"i$' poi$ts7 t0e pla$ti$' o& t0e
Celestial C0urc0 o& C0rist i$ #i'eria a$( t0e Repulic o& 1e$i$.
1ile"u "0ose 'ra$( &at0er "as sol( i$to slaver% at t0e t0e$
Da0o*e% "as t0e Aou$(er o& t0e Celestial &ait0 "orl( "i(e.
T0e a(0ere$ts sprea( t0e Goo( $e"s to all parts o& #i'eria.
>a$% people "ere 0eale( o& various (iseases % 1ile"u
>e*ers o& t0e Celestial &ait0&ul 0elpe( t0e*selves spirituall% a$(
&i$a$ciall%.
>e*ers o& t0e c0urc0 are tol( to love o$e a$ot0er a$( ot0er people
irrespective o& t0eir reli'ious i$cli$atio$.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. #arrate t0e Call o& 1ile"u.
9. Do all elievers "ors0ip t0e sa*e Go(K
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
O3o6 ). !. E900/F. Christian Ed)cation and The Celestial Ch)rch of
Christ! +a'os7 Great #e"s Co**u$icatio$s #et"or=.
O=u$lola6 D. O. EDate o& pulicatio$ $ot i$(icate(.FCelestial Ch)rch of
Christ (ast /essel for $al0ation! +a'os7 1e$'o Co**. )ri$ters.

;.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT ? THE I*PACT OF CHRISTIANITY IN NIGERIA
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 T0e I*prove*e$t o& Tra(e i$ #i'eria
?.9 1uil(i$' o& Sc0ools a$( >a$po"er % >issio$aries
?.? T0e )rovisio$ o& )ostal Services % >issio$s
?.. Roa( #et"or= Co$structio$s % t0e >issio$aries i$ I=are,
!=o=o !rea
?.4 Ho" C0ristia$it% )ro*otes +ove a*o$' #i'eria$s
?./ Spectacular >issio$ar% Outreac0es % I$(i'e$ous
C0urc0es
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill 'ai$ i$si'0t i$to 0o" C0ristia$ >issio$s i$ #i'eria
co$triute( to t0e spiritual6 eco$o*ic a$( p0%sical 'ro"t0 o& #i'eria$s.
Cou "ill also lear$ 0o" C0ristia$it% set *a$% #i'eria$s &ree &ro*
various o$(a'es i$ t0e cou$tr%. Aor e@a*plesB it "as *a$% C0ristia$it%
t0at era(icate( slaver% i$ #i'eria. It also set *a$% people &ree( &ro*
sata$ic o$(a'es suc0 as ill$esses6 oppressio$ a$( 0atre(. Cou "ill also
lear$ 0o" to e0ave i$ a 'o(l% *a$$er &ro* t0is u$it. Aurt0er*ore6 %ou
"ill also lear$ 0o" C0ristia$it% i*prove( tra(e i$ #i'eria. 1esi(es6 %ou
"ill lear$ 0o" C0ristia$ >issio$s e$coura'e( *a$% #i'eria$s to e
e(ucate( a$( 'ai$ e*plo%*e$t i$ various &iel(s o& e$(eavour. Cou "ill
also lear$ aout 0o" local people co$triute( to t0e sprea( o& t0e
Gospel i$ #i'eria.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
state t0e i*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
i(e$ti&% t0e e&&ects o& e(ucatio$ a*o$' C0ristia$s i$ t0e cou$tr%
state t0e positives co$triutio$s o& C0ristia$s to t0e (evelop*e$t
o& #i'eria.
;4
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 T)! I"0ro%!"!nt o2 Tr+d! in Ni(!ri+
1e&ore t0e i$tro(uctio$ o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria6 *a$% to"$s a$(
villa'es 0a( $o *otorale roa(s. T0is is ecause t0e% &eare( t0eir
e$e*ies usi$' suc0 roa(s to 'et to t0e* a$( carr% t0e* i$to slaver%. Aor
i$sta$ce6 it "as a$ e$e*% t0at capture( O3o t0e 'ra$( &at0er o& 1ile"u
a$( sol( 0i* to a slave tra(er at t0e Repulic o& 1e$i$. T0ere 0e sta%e(
a$( 'ave irt0 to 1ile"u t0e &ou$(er o& t0e Celestial >ove*e$t i$
#i'eria a$( i$ t0e Repulic o& 1e$i$. !t t0at perio(6 t0e E'as &eare( to
ope$ 'oo( roa(s to li$= ot0er parts o& #i'eria. 1ut "0e$ t0e% "a$te(
t0e "0ite *e$ to ai( t0e* &i'0t t0eir e$e*ies6 t0e% i$vite( >issio$aries
i$to t0eir la$(. It "as t0e prese$ce o& t0e >issio$aries a$( "0ite
sol(iers t0at e$coura'e( t0e !eo=uta people to ope$ *otorale roa( to
li$= +a'os a$( I3eu la$(. T0e li$=i$' o& t0e roa( "it0 I3e(u la$(
e$coura'e( le'iti*ate tra(e a*o$' t0e* a$( ot0er parts o& #i'eria.
I$ 1:916 !rc0(eaco$ +e$$o$ e$coura'e( I=are people to ope$ t0e roa(
t0at li$=e( I=are, !=o=o "it0 ot0er to"$s6 suc0 as O"o6 !(o, E=iti6
5aa6 O=e$e a$( +o=o3a.
T0e ope$i$' o& t0e *e$tio$e( roa(s6 e$coura'e( le'iti*ate tra(e i$ t0e
aove $a*e( to"$s. T0e ope$i$' o& I=are roa( t0at li$= O"o
e$coura'e( *a$% people i$ I=are to"$ 3oi$e( t0e &ait0 o& C0ristia$it%.
/<. 9ui,din( o2 Sc)oo, +nd *+n Po4!r #- *iion+ri!
I$ 1;.16 T0o*as Ao"ell 1u@to$ persua(e( +or( >elour$e(Hs
'over$*e$t i$ 1ritai$ to se$( a$ e@pe$(itio$ up t0e #i'er to *a=e
treaties "it0 t0e C0ie&s i$ or(er to aolis0 slave tra(e. It "as *a(e also
to ope$ t0e "a% &or i*prove( tra(i$' a$( a(va$ce*e$t i$ e(ucatio$al6
scie$ti&ic6tec0$olo'ical a$( ulti*atel% reli'ious co$(itio$s o& #i'eria$s.
I$ 1;.16 specialists i$ various &iel(s i$clu(i$' a C0aplai$ a$( t"o
!$'lica$ C0urc0 >issio$aries "ere se$t to t0e River #i'er area. T0e
>issio$aries "ere to report o$ t0e possiilities o& *issio$ar% "or= i$
t0e area. Duri$' t0e e@pe(itio$6 treaties "ere si'0e( "it0 t0e Oi o&
!o0 $a*e( Ossai a$( t0e !tta0 o& I'alla $a*e( Oc0e3i. T0e% ac-uire(
la$( at +o=o3a i$ "0ic0 a *o(el &ar*6 sc0ool a$( a *issio$ Statio$ "as
estalis0e(. I$ 1;;46 !3a%i Cro"t0er uilt a C0urc0 *a(e o& *u( a$(
ur$t ric=s at +o=o3a6 0e $a*e( it T0e Hol% Tri$it% C0urc0. I$ 1;/76
!3a%i estalis0e( T0e Hol% Tri$it% )ri*ar% Sc0ool at +o=o3a. T0ere6
*a$% #i'eria$s "ere trai$e( a$( t0e% "ere e*plo%e( % t0e t0e$
Gover$*e$t a$( t0e >issio$aries.
;/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
I$ 1:116 t0e !$'lica$ >issio$ estalis0e( Sai$t )eterHs )ri*ar% Sc0ool6
O'ori. T0ere6 *a$% people "ere later trai$e( a$( "ere later e*plo%e(
% t0e >issio$aries a$( Gover$*e$t. I$1:916 +e$$o$ estalis0e( a
pri*ar% Sc0ool i$ I=are,!=o=o to trai$ *a$% people "0o "ere later
e*plo%e( % Gover$*e$t a$( >issio$aries i$ #i'eria. 2arious
>issio$aries 0ave also estalis0e( sc0ools6 colle'es6 a$( u$iversities i$
#i'eria to trai$ s=ille( "or=ers.
/</ T)! Pro%iion o2 Pot+, S!r%ic! #- C)urc) *iion
1e&ore 1:906 paper co**u$icatio$s "ere i$ t0e &or* o& $otes t0at "ere
rou'0t % t0ose "0o "or= i$ +o=o3a to people i$ t0eir to"$s a$(
villa'es i$ so*e parts o& t0e Wester$ #i'eria. +i=e"ise i$ +a'os6
!eo=uta6 I3eu a$( O$is0a areas6 letters "ere rou'0t % "or=ers to
people % 0a$(s. I$ 1:996 +e$$o$ "as assi'$e( % t0e >i$istr% o&
Co**u$icatio$s to assist i$ (eliveri$' letters i$ so*e parts o& t0e
Wester$ #i'eria. He uilt a$( co$structe( "oo(e$ o@es "ere letters
"ere poste( a$( "ere to e (elivere( to t0ose "0o* 0e 0a( assi'$e(
suc0 (ut%. Ho"ever6 arou$( 1:.0Hs6 t0e >i$istr% o& Co**u$icatio$s6
#i'eria6 too= over t0e )ost O&&ice t0at "as uilt % t0e !$'lica$
>issio$ i$ I=are "0ic0 serve( *a$% to"$s a$( villa'es i$ #i'eria.
/<? Ro+d N!t4or' Contruction #- t)! *iion+ri! in
I'+r!3A'o'o Ar!+
+e$$o$ a *issio$ar% i$ I=are area i$tro(uce( *otorale roa(s i$ t0e
area arou$(1:99,1:94. He "as supporte( % Oa >o*o0 "0o 'ave
ale lea(ers0ip to t0e people o& I=are area to co$struct I=are,O"o roa(.
T0is e$ale( t0e tra(ers i$ t0e area to e$'a'e i$ pro(uctive tra(e t0at
pro*ote( eco$o*% o& t0e people. I$ !=o=o,5u=uru=u area6 t0e C0urc0
estalis0e( *ar=et i$ Ososo i$ or(er &or C0urc0 "o*e$ i$ t0e area to
e$'a'e i$ pro&itale tra(e t0at "oul( i*prove t0eir sta$(ar( o& livi$'
a$( e*po"er t0e* to co$triute to t0e eva$'eliDatio$ o& t0e area.
>issio$aries i$ various parts o& #i'eria (i( e$coura'e( t0e i$0aita$ts
o& t0eir >issio$ statio$s to co$struct 'oo( roa(s to li$= ot0er to"$s a$(
villa'es. Suc0 roa(s e$coura'e( *a$% #i'eria$s to e e$'a'e( i$
various pro&itale tra(es i$ #i'eria.
/<A Ho4 C)riti+nit- Pro"ot! Lo%! A"on( Ni(!ri+n
T0e C0urc0 lea(ers i$ #i'eria6 teac0 t0eir &ollo"ers to love t0e*selves
a$( t0eir &ello" 0u*a$ ei$'s. T0e% are also tau'0t to ai( t0ose "0o are
i$ $ee( i$ t0e societ%. T0e% are also tau'0t to 'et i$volve i$ t0e political
li&e o& t0eir $atio$. T0eir participatio$ i$ politics "oul( proal% ri$'
peace a$( 0ar*o$% to t0e cou$tr%. T0e persecutio$s o& C0ristia$s i$ t0e
;7
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
cou$tr% stre$'t0e$ t0e* rat0er t0a$ t0e opposite. C0ristia$s i$ #i'eria
re'ar( t0e*selves as rot0ers a$( sisters i$ Jesus C0rist. T0e% are also
tau'0t to love ot0ers irrespective o& t0eir reli'ious i$cli$atio$s. >ost
i*porta$tl%6 t0e% are e$3oi$e( to (e*o$strate love i$ t0eir actio$s to all
people "0et0er t0e people (eserve it or $ot. T0at t0is is t0e 0all*ar= o&
C0ristia$it% as tau'0t % Jesus C0rist.
/<= S0!ct+cu,+r *iion+r- Outr!+c)!
!la(ura C0urc0es suc0 as t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* >ove*e$t a$(
t0e C0rist !postolic C0urc0 t0at are parts o& t0e i$(i'e$ous >issio$s
0ave sprea( &ro* t0e Sout0er$ parts o& #i'eria to"ar(s Ilori$ a$( to
ot0er #ort0er$ parts o& #i'eria. T0e% 0ave co$ti$ue( to attract t0e
i$terests o& *a$% #i'eria$s6 *ore t0a$ t0e estalis0e( C0urc0es i$ t0e
area. T0e activities o& t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* >ove*e$t 0ave
co$ti$ue( to pose a 'reat c0alle$'e to Isla* t0a$ Ort0o(o@ C0urc0es
ecause *o$o'a*% is less e*p0asiDe( % t0e *ove*e$t. Aor e@a*ple
i$ 1:?06 t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* >ove*e$t e@te$(e( 0er
Eva$'elis* to t0e Eira area6 *a$% o& t0e Eiras t0at 0ear( t0e Goo(
#e"s accepte( Jesus C0rist as t0eir perso$al Saviour. !lso *a$%
>usli*s a$( tra(itio$al "ors0ippers eca*e *e*ers o& t0e
>ove*e$t.. I$ or(er &or t0e >ove*e$t to co$ti$ue "i$$i$' *ore Souls
&or Jesus C0rist6 it estalis0e( t"o seco$(ar% sc0ools7 C0erui* a$(
Serap0i* Colle'e6 at Ilori$ a$( +arua ot0 i$ 5"ara State6 #i'eria. I$
90046 t0e >ove*e$t estalis0e( t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* U$iversit%
i$ O*u,!ra$6 5"ara State. T0e >ove*e$t also e*ar=s o$ a$$ual
Crusa(es i$ *a$% to"$s t0at are locate( i$ >usli* (o*i$ate( areas i$
#ort0er$ #i'eria.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
Discuss t0e i*pact o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
?<0 CONCLUSION
I$ t0is u$it6 %ou 0ave stu(ie( t0e co$triutio$s o& C0ristia$s to t0e
eco$o*% o& #i'eria.
Cou 0ave lear$t 0o" C0ristia$it% e$coura'es love a$( u$it% a*o$'
#i'eria$s irrespective o& t0eir reli'ious persuasio$s. Aurt0er*ore6 %ou
0ave lear$t t0at it "as C0ristia$it% t0at rou'0t "ester$ e(ucatio$ to
#i'eria. t0rou'0 C0ristia$it%6 *a$% #i'eria$s i$ various &iel(s6 suc0 as
Cler'%6 teac0i$' a$( tra(i$' to *e$tio$ a &e"6 0ave i*prove( t0eir lives
'reatl%.
;;
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
A<0 SU**ARY
Cou 0ave lear$t t0e &ollo"i$' i$ t0is u$it7
T0e C0ristia$ uilt sc0ools a$( colle'es i$ #i'eria "0ere *a$% people
"ere trai$e(.
!&ter t0eir trai$i$'6 t0e% 'ai$e( e*plo%*e$t i$ various &iel(s o& 0u*a$
e$(eavour. Cou 0ave also lear$t t0at t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$
#i'eria % ot0 t0e *issio$aries a$( t0e i$(i'e$es rou'0t pro'ress to
#i'eria$s all over t0e cou$tr%. T0rou'0 "ester$ e(ucatio$ rou'0t %
C0ristia$it%6 i'$ora$ce6 &ear6 povert% a$( t0e li=e 0ave ee$ a$is0e(
&or ever i$ t0e lives *a$% #i'eria$s.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. Discuss t0e roles o& +e$$o$ i$ t0e (evelop*e$t o& #i'eria.
9. State so*e e$e&its t0at #i'eria$s 0ave (erive( &ro* t0e pa$ti$'
o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
1aalola6 E.O. E1:7/F. Christianity in %est "frican6 Ia(a$7 Sc0olar
)ulicatio$s I$ter$atio$al M#i'.N +t(.
I&e*esia6 C.C. E1:;0F. IHT0e Civilisi$' >issio$ o& 1;.1B !spects o& a$
Episo(e i$ !$'lo,#i'eria Relatio$sHH i$ The 'istory of
Christianity in %est "frican Essays (ect)res6
Aa&u$"a6 1as. E1:7.F. 'istory of Ed)cation in Nigeria! 1osto$7
S%($e% Geor'e !lle$ a$( U$"i$.
;:
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
UNIT A PRO9LE*S AND PROSPECTS OF
CHRISTIANITY IN NIGERIA
CONTENTS
1.0 I$tro(uctio$
9.0 O3ectives
?.0 >ai$ Co$te$t
?.1 +or( +u'ar( a Stu*li$' 1loc= !'ai$st t0e )la$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
?.9 T0e persecutio$s o& C0ristia$s % t0e Rulers
?.? T0e O'o$i Societ% "as !'ai$st t0e Sprea( o& C0ristia$it%
?.. T0e )role*s o& )erso$$el a$( Sc0is* i$ C0urc0es
?.4 T0e !ttitu(es o& )eople to Isla* "as !'ai$st t0e )la$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$ #i'eria
?./ )rospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
..0 Co$clusio$
4.0 Su**ar%
/.0 Tutor,>ar=e( !ssi'$*e$t
7.0 Re&ere$ces/Aurt0er Rea(i$'s
1<0 INTRODUCTION
1% $o" %ou s0oul( u$(ersta$( 0o" C0ristia$it% e'a$ i$ #i'eria as %ou
0ave rea( i$ t0e previous u$its i$ t0is course. It is 0ope( t0at %ou 0ave
also u$(erstoo( 0o" C0ristia$it% starte( a$( 0o" its a(0ere$ts "ere
persecute( % t0e 'over$*e$t6 C0ie&s a$( tra(itio$alists. !lso %ou
s0oul( 0ave rea( &ro* t0e previous u$its t0e e$e&its (erive( %
#i'eria$s &ro* t0e co*i$' o& t0e >issio$aries i$to #i'eria. It is
elieve( t0at %ou 0ave lear$t 0o" t0e i$(i'e$ous C0ristia$s also
co$triute( to t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria i$ stu(%i$' t0is
course. Ho"ever6 i$ t0is u$it6 %ou "ill lear$ aout so*e prole*s a$(
prospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
.<0 O9>ECTIVES
1% t0e e$( o& t0is u$it6 %ou s0oul( e ale to7
state a$( (iscuss so*e o& t0e prole*s t0e earl% >issio$aries 0a(
to co$te$( "it0 i$ t0e cause o& t0eir *issio$ar% e@pe(itio$s
e@plai$ prospects o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
:0
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
/<0 *AIN CONTENT
/<1 C)riti+nit- +nd So"! Tr+dition+, Ru,!r in Yoru#+
L+nd
T0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ Corua la$( 0a( prole*s at t0e i$itial
sta'e o& its i$tro(uctio$ to t0e people o& Corua. Aor it 0as ee$ state(
t0at t0e co*i$' o& t0e >issio$aries to Corua la$( "as acco*pa$ie(
"it0 t0e political situatio$ o& t0e area. Aor i$sta$ce6 "0e$ t0e
*issio$aries arrive( 1a(a'r% a$( its e$viro$s so*e tra(itio$al rulers
a'ree( t0at t0e% s0oul( e allo"e( to sta% i$ t0eir la$( to estalis0
*issio$ statio$s. W0ile ot0ers =ic=e( a'ai$st t0e settle*e$t o& t0e
>issio$aries i$ t0eir territor% o$ t0e 'rou$( t0at t0e% "ere t0e
represe$tatives o& t0e 1ritis0 Colo$% t0at "as out to seiDe ot0er peopleHs
la$( % &orce6 a$( t0at t0e% use( to "a'e "ar a'ai$st t0ose "0o re&use(
t0eir aut0orit%. So*e c0ie&s i$ t0e Corua =i$'(o* "ere stro$'l%
a'ai$st t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it%6 "0ic0 t0e% calle( t0e W0ite *a$Hs
reli'io$. T0is "as t0e reaso$ "0% t0e I3eu people re&use( to 'ra$t
per*issio$ to t0e >issio$aries to e$ter t0eir la$( arou$( 1;;;.
Aurt0er*ore6 so*e o& t0e Coruas "0o e$3o%e( slave tra(e i$ t0eir la$(
also =ic=e( a'ai$st t0e co*i$' o& t0e *issio$aries "0o* t0e% lear$t
preac0e( a'ai$st suc0 tra(e. T0e% see t0eir co*i$' as a$ e$( to slave
tra(e.
T0e a$ti, C0ristia$ *ove*e$t "as le( % !=ito%e6 t0e 5i$' o& +a'os
la$( arou$( 1;.4. O$ t0e ot0er 0a$(6 =i$' So(e=e o& E'a la$(
"elco*e( t0e >issio$aries to 0is 5i$'(o*. He receive( T0o*as 1irc0
Aree*a$ a Wesle%a$ *issio$ar% to settle i$ 0is la$(. Aree*a$
estalis0e( >issio$ statio$s i$ E'a la$(. He "as tol( % t0e =i$' to
i$vite ot0er >issio$aries a$( le'iti*ate tra(ers to E'a la$(.
/<. T)! O(#oni Soci!t- +nd t)! P,+ntin( o2 C)riti+nit- in
Yoru#+ +nd I#i#io L+nd
!ccor(i$' to !%a$(ele6 t0e O'o$i Societ% "as t0e sc0ool o& orator%
a$( 3urispru(e$ce i$ t0e Corua la$( i$ t0e ol(e$ (a%s. He &urt0er
clai*e( t0at a*o$' t0e E'a a$( t0e I3eu people6 O'o$i "as t0e court
0ouse t0at trie( cri*i$al cases a$( a$% o$e t0at "as &ou$( 'uilt% "as
se$te$ce to (eat0 % t0e o(% i$ t0e Corua la$(. >oreover6 t0e O'o$i
o(% serve( as c0ec=s a$( ala$ces o$ t0e po"er o& t0e Corua =i$'s.
I$ t0e Iiio la$(6 t0e Iiio "o*e$ &or*e( t0e secret societ% to c0ec=
i$(iscipli$e a*o$' "o*e$ o& t0eir la$(. O&&e$(ers "ere pu$is0e(. Aor
i$sta$ce6 a$% "o*a$ t0at "as cau'0t steali$' "oul( e pu$is0e( %
t0e*. 1ut6 "0e$ C0ristia$it% "as i$tro(uce( i$ t0e Corua a$( Iiio
la$(s6 it preac0e( a'ai$st t0e acts o& t0e societ%. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e
O'o$is "ere stro$'l% a'ai$st t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0eir la$(s.
:1
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
T0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e aove $a*e( places su&&ere( a set ac=
0e$ce a &e" people accepte( t0e reli'io$ i$ suc0 areas.
/</ T)! Pro#,!" o2 &or'!r +nd Sc)i" in t)! C)urc)!
I$ 1:046 t0e E*irs o& 5o$ta'ora a$( 5atsi$a se$t *essa'e to t0e
C0urc0 >issio$ar% Societ% to co*e to t0eir areas a$( estalis0 >issio$
Statio$s to sprea( t0e Gospel to t0eir Su3ects6 ut t0e >issio$ tur$e(
t0eir re-uests (o"$ ecause it lac=e( "or=ers. 1esi(es6 it "as reporte(
t0at +u'ar( also se$t to t0e sa*e >issio$ to se$( Eva$'elists to 5a$o
a$( estalis0 >issio$ statio$ i$ t0e to"$. 1ut t0e >issio$ar% coul( $ot
respo$( to t0e call ecause it lac=e( "or=ers. 1esi(es6 t0e >issio$ also
lac=e( capital to recruit *ore eva$'elists &or t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel to
all parts o& #i'eria. !part &ro* t0e aove prole*s t0at co$&ro$te( t0e
sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria6 t0e restrictio$ o& Sa*uel !3a%i
Cro"t0erHs activities to t0e Sout0er$ parts o& #i'eria % t0e C0urc0
>issio$ Societ% i$ #i'eria6 also co$triute( to t0e set ac= &or t0e
sprea( o& t0e Gospel to ot0er parts o& #i'eria.

!ccor(i$' to 1aalola6 a lea(ers0ip issue "as a *a3or cause o& sc0is*s
a*o$' C0ristia$s i$ #i'eria. T0is is ecause !&rica$ C0urc0es 0a(
-uarrels "it0 so*e (octri$es a$( practices o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
T0e% clai*e( t0at Europea$ lea(ers i$ t0e estalis0e( >issio$s
*o$opoliDe( lea(ers0ip positio$s a*o$' t0e*selves. T0e% (i( $ot place
!&rica$s i$ t0e C0urc0 lea(ers0ip positio$s6 ut6 t0e% (o place t0e* i$
suor(i$ate positio$s to t0e Europea$s. 1esi(es6 pol%'a*% "as a$ot0er
prole* t0at &ace( estalis0e( C0urc0es i$ #i'eria. >issio$ =ic=e(
a'ai$st pol'a*% i$ #i'eria. >a$% !&rica$s "0o c0eris0e( t0eir culture
a$( tra(itio$ le&t t0e Ort0o(o@ C0urc0es &or i$(i'e$ous o$es. >e$tio$
coul( e *a(e o& t0e C0erui* a$( Serap0i* >ove*e$t "0ere *a$%
lovers o& pol%'a*% ca*e to 3oi$. T0is is ecause t0e >ove*e$t
acco**o(ates so*e o& t0e !&rica$ tra(itio$s "0ic0 t0e estalis0e(
C0urc0es =ic=e( a'ai$st. I$ t0e !$'lica$ C0urc06 *a$% a(0ere$ts "0o
oppose( i$&a$t aptis* "ere e@pelle( &ro* t0e C0urc0. T0ose "0o "ere
se$t a"a% &ro* t0e C0urc0 3oi$e( t0e C0rist !postolic C0urc0 or t0e
Celestial C0urc0.
/<? T)! Attitud! o2 P!o0,! to I,+" in t)! Nort)!rn Ni(!ri+
It 0as ei$' $otice( t0at Isla* "as *ore acceptale t0a$ C0ristia$it% &or
t0e people o& t0e #ort0. T0is is ecause t0e reli'io$ acco**o(ate( t0e
*arria'e st%le o& t0e #ort0er$ people. 1ut C0ristia$it% (i( $ot. Aor t0is
reaso$6 t0e #ort0er$ers "ere a'ai$st C0ristia$it%. !part &ro* t0e aove
*e$tio$e( &act6 it 0as ei$' sai( t0at t0e Europea$s t0at rou'0t
C0ristia$it% to #i'eria "ere reporte( to e (ri$=i$' a$( i*porti$' 'i$
t0at coul( cause i$to@icatio$ &or people t0at (ra$= it. T0e reli'io$ o&
:9
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
Isla* oppose( t0e (ri$=i$' o& alco0ol "0ic0 t0e C0ristia$ >issio$aries
tra(e i$ a$( also i*porte( to so*e parts o& #i'eria. T0at i& t0e% "ere
allo"e( to 'ai$ access to t0e Hausa,Aula$i areas6 t0at t0e% "oul(
co*pro*ise( t0eir people. Aor t0is reaso$6 t0e #ort0er$ers "ere a'ai$st
t0e estalis0*e$t o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0.
/<7 Pro0!ct o2 C)riti+nit- in Ni(!ri+
Wit0 t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria6 it is 0ope( t0at activities o&
"itc0es a$( "iDar(s "ill e *i$i*iDe( i& $ot totall% era(icate( si$ce
*a$% o& t0e* 0ave co$&esse( a$( repe$t o& t0eir evil (ee(s as *e*ers
o& t0e $a*e( societies as t0e% accept Jesus C0rist as t0eir Saviour. T0e
!la(ura C0urc0es6 t0e C0rist !postolic C0urc0 a$( t0e C0erui* a$(
Serap0i* >ove*e$t t0at accept so*e o& t0e tra(itio$s o& #i'eria$s
"oul( i$ &uture 'ai$ *ore 'rou$( i$ #i'eria t0a$ t0e estalis0e(
C0urc0es t0at re3ect suc0 practices.
#o" t0at t0e restrictio$ o& t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e #ort0er$
parts o& #i'eria 0as ee$ *i$i*iDe(6 *a$% i$(i'e$es o& t0e area are
$o" e$'a'e( i$ t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ various parts o& #ort0er$
#i'eriaB it is 0ope( t0at *a$% people i$ t0e #ort0 "ill accepte(
C0ristia$it%.
!s *a$% people 0ave $o" accepte( C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria6 it is 0ope(
t0at t0e% "ill co$ti$ue to live 'o(l% lives a$( 0ave peace&ul 0o*es. !t
a lo"er level6 I& C0ristia$ couple co$ti$ues to live 'o(l% lives6 *ore
people "ill e (ra"$ i$to t0e =i$'(o* o& 'o(. It is 0ope( t0at t0e
estalis0*e$t o& C0ristia$ i$stitutio$s "ill also (ra" *ore people i$to
Go(Hs =i$'(o*.

T0e c0aracters o& *a$% C0ristia$s i$ #i'eria coul( also i$&lue$ce *a$%
$o$e *e*ers to eco*e C0ristia$s i$ #i'eria at all ti*es. Aor
e@a*ple6 i$ I=are, !=o=o6 O$(o State6 C0ristia$s (o e@ercise love
a*o$' t0e*selves "it0 all si$cerit%. T0e% (e*o$strate t0is i$ so*e
practical "a%s. T0e !$'lica$ *e*ers calle( t0e*selves I!ra=u$ri$H
t0at isH1rot0ersH a$( I!rairi$H t0at is6 Sisters6 as a si'$ o& o$e$ess i$
C0rist a$( &i(elit%. T0e% visit o$e a$ot0er re'ularl%.
T0ose "0o are "ell to,(o s0oul( co$ti$ue to 0elp t0e $ee(%. Aurt0er
*ore6 it 0as ee$ oserve( t0at t0e c0aracter o& +e$$o$ "0o "as a
)riest i$ St. Step0e$Hs C0urc06 I=are6 i$ O$(o State6 et"ee$ 1:90 a$(
1:./6 (i( e$coura'e *a$% people i$ t0e Corua a$( Eira la$(s. It 0as
ee$ sai( o& 0i* t0at 0e love( ot0 C0ristia$s a$( >usli*s i$ !=o=o,
5aa District area "0ere 0e *i$istere( as a priest. T0e Retire( 1is0op
Haru$a "0o "as o$ce a$ a(0ere$t o& Isla* reli'io$ tol( us t0at +e$$o$
spo$sore( so*e >usli*s C0il(re$ i$clu(i$' o$e o& 0is late sister6 a
:?
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
rot0er o& 0is "0o uilt St. Jo0$ !$'lica$ C0urc06 Oa$'e(e i$ O=e0i
+ocal Gover$*e$t !rea i$ 5o'i State. He later retur$e( to t0e reli'io$
o& Isla* &or 0is li&e "as t0reate$ % so*e *e*ers o& 0is &a*il% t0at
"ere >usli*sM $a*es "it00el(N a$( 0i*sel& at I=are, !=o=o et"ee$
1:?.,1:.9 i$ t0e Juilee Ce$tral Sc0ool6 I=are, !=o=o i$ O$(o State.
T0e trai$i$' o& 1is0op Haru$a % +e$$o$ e$coura'e( *a$% >usli*s i$
#i'eria co$verte( to C0ristia$it%. +i=e"ise6 1is0op Haru$a 0as also
estalis0e( a #urser%, )ri*ar% Sc0ool at O=e$e to"$ i$ or(er to use it
as a *ea$s "0ere% >usli* C0il(re$ area coul( e attracte( to accept
t0e reli'io$ o& C0ristia$it%. It is assu*e( t0at i$ t0e &uture6 "0e$ t0ose
)upils t0at are ei$' trai$e( i$ t0e various estalis0e( i$stitutio$ % t0e
a(0ere$ts o& C0ristia$it% 'ro" up6 so*e o& t0e* "oul( later accept
C0ristia$it% a$( t0eir 'e$eratio$s "oul( co$ti$ue to e C0ristia$s.
T0e trai$i$' o& t0e i$(i'e$ous people i$ various T0eolo'ical Colle'es i$
#i'eria % various (e$o*i$atio$s &or t0e sprea( o& t0eir &ait06 "oul(
i$crease t0e $u*ers o& eva$'elists a$( t0is "oul( &urt0er e$coura'e t0e
sprea( o& C0ristia$it%. Aor t0is reaso$6 it is assu*e( t0at i$ t0e &uture6
C0ristia$it% "oul( 'ai$ upper 0a$( over all ot0er reli'io$s i$ #i'eria.
>a$% people i$ t0e cou$tr% "oul( accept C0ristia$it% as t0e *et0o( o&
eva$'elis* a$( trai$i$' o& c0urc0 "or=ers co$ti$ue to e i*prove(
upo$. It is assu*e( t0at t0ose "0o co$ti$ue to receive t0eolo'ical
trai$i$' i$ #i'eria "ill co$ti$ue to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s.
!$ot0er 0ope &or t0e co$ti$uit% o& t0e 'ro"t0 o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
i$ t0e &uture is t0at it 0as ee$ oserve( t0at *a$% people "0o use( to
'o to t0e "itc0 (octors a$( priestesses t0at serve( as i$ter*e(iaries
et"ee$ t0e* a$( 'o(s to 0elp t0e* &i$( solutio$s to t0eir prole*s
"0ic0 t0e% coul( $ot solve(6 ut6 &i$( solutio$s to t0eir prole*s
t0rou'0 C0ristia$s &ait06 $o" aa$(o$e( t0ose (octors. Suc0 people
$o" 'o to co$sult so*e eva$'elists to 0elp t0e* solve t0eir various
prole*s t0at t0e% are &aci$' i$ li&e.
!$ot0er &actor t0at "oul( proal% co$triute to t0e sprea( o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria is t0e roo* t0at various >issio$s 'ive to t0eir
a(0ere$ts to tell ot0ers "0at C0rist (i( &or t0e* i$ t0eir lives. T0ere6
so*e o& t0e* (o tell 0o" Go( (o 0elp t0e* overco*e t0eir prole*s i$
li&e. 1esi(es6 t0e pri$ti$' o& suc0 testi*o$ies a$( its (istriutio$ to
various people i$ #i'eria coul( also serve as *ea$s &or t0e co$ti$ue
'ro"t0 o& C0ristia$it%. T0e use o& *ass *e(ia suc0 as Televisio$ a$(
Ra(io i$ preac0i$' t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria "oul( proal% 0elp to sprea(
t0e Goo( #e"s.
!$ot0er 0ope &or t0e 'ro"t0 o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria is t0at it 0as ee$
oserve( t0at *a$% people "0o use( to 'o to t0e "itc0 (octors a$(
priestesses ut 0ave $o" eco*e C0ristia$s "ill e$coura'e ot0ers to
:.
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
co*e to Jesus C0rist "0o is t0e o$l% o$e to solve t0eir prole*s
per*a$e$tl%.
!$ot0er &actor t0at "oul( proal% co$triute to t0e sprea( o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria is t0e opportu$it% t0at various >issio$ 'ive to
t0eir a(0ere$ts to tell ot0ers "0at C0rist (i( i$ t0eir lives. 1esi(es6 t0e
)ri$ti$' o& suc0 testi*o$ies a$( its (istriutio$ to various people i$
#i'eria coul( also serve as catal%st &or t0e 'ro"t0 o& C0ristia$it%. T0e
use o& *ass *e(ia suc0 as Televisio$ a$( Ra(io i$ preac0i$' t0e Gospel
"oul( proal% 0elp t0e sprea( o& t0e Goo( #e"s.
House to 0ouse eva$'elis* t0at are ear*ar=e( o$ % C0ristia$ i$
#i'eria is a$ot0er *ea$s o& pro*oti$' t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel. T0e
visitatio$ to priso$s % so*e eva$'elist
Aurt0er*ore6 teac0i$' o& reli'io$ stu(ies6 especiall%6 C0ristia$ stu(ies i$
)ri*ar%6 Seco$(ar% a$( Tertiar% i$stitutio$s i$ #i'eria is assu*e(
"oul( ai( t0e co$ti$uit% o& t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
!part &ro* t0is *ea$s6 t0e outreac0 pro'ra**es to places suc0 as t0e
Orp0a$a'e 0o*es % various De$o*i$atio$s i$ #i'eria see*s to
pro*ote t0e sprea( o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria $o" a$( i$ t0e &uture.
T0e (istriutio$ o& C0ristia$ tracts a$( +iteratures to people i$ t0e
cou$tr% % various >issio$s6 "oul( ai( t0e co$ti$uit% o& t0e sprea( o&
t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
T0e &or*atio$ o& various C0ristia$ Or'a$iDatio$s6 suc0 as6 IT0e &ull
Gospel 1usi$ess >e$ Aello"s0ip I$ter$atio$al6 T0e Cou$' Wo*e$
C0ristia$ !ssociatio$6 T0e Cou$' >e$ C0ristia$ Aello"s0ip
I$ter$atio$al !ssociatio$6 T0e C0ristia$ Cou$cil o& #i'eria6 )e$tecostal
Aello"s0ip o& #i'eria6 T0e 1o%s 1ri'a(e Co*pa$ies6 T0e Girls
1ri'a(e6 T0e 1ile Societ% o& #i'eria6 T0e Gi(eo$ Societ% o& #i'eria6
T0e C0ristia$ !ssociatio$ o& #i'eria a$( T0e Scripture U$io$ o&
#i'eria6 a*o$' ot0ers proal% *ea$s &or t0e co$ti$uous *ea$s &or
t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel.
Ai$all%6 t0e &ree(o* o& "ors0ip a$( associatio$ t0at are i$clu(e( i$ our
Co$stitutio$ o& #i'eria o& 1:::6 &or #i'eria$s to use proal% "oul(
e$coura'e t0e co$ti$uit% o$ pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% to all parts o&
#i'eria.
T0e co$ti$uit% o& C0urc0 cere*o$ies. Suc0 as urial a$( "e((i$' i$
#i'eria % Couples "oul( e$coura'e t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria
$o" a$( i$ t0e &uture.
:4
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
T0e provisio$s o& Cou$seli$' u$its % >issio$s i$ t0e cou$tr% "0ic0
people "0o 0as prole*s ru$ to as *ea$s "0ere t0eir prole*s "ere
solve( % C0ristia$ Cou$selors "oul( also e$coura'e t0e co$ti$uit% o&
t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria.
SELF ASSESS*ENT E@ERCISE
Discuss t0e possiilit% o& t0e co$ti$uatio$ o& C0ristia$it% i$ t0e &uture i$
#i'eria.
?<0 CONCLUSION
T0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria &ace( *a$% prole*s t0at %ou
0ave lear$t i$ t0is u$it. Despite t0e prole*s6 t0e C0urc0 i$ #i'eria 0as
ac0ieve( *a$% 'oo( t0i$'s &or #i'eria$s. !*o$' suc0 t0i$'s are t0e
eco$o*ic6 social6 0ealt0 a$( e(ucatio$. Aurt0er *ore it 0as ope$ t0e
e%es o& *a$% people i$ #i'eria to e$'a'e i$ eva$'elis* as t0eir *ea$s
&or liveli0oo(. Aor e@a*ple6 so*e people "0o are &ou$(ers o& t0e
i$(i'e$ous C0urc0es 0as $o ot0er *ea$s to survive ut t0rou'0 t0e
eva$'elic *issio$. 1esi(es6 t0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria 0as
also ope$e( t0e e%es o& so*e people to political posts i$ t0e cou$tr%
0e$ce t0e% 0a( ta=e$ a&ter so*e >issio$aries6 suc0 as )0ilips a$(
+e$$o$ "0o o$ce e$'a'e( i$ t0e politics o& #i'eria a$( rou'0t
eco$o*ics a$( social a*e$ities to t0e people o& Corua6 $a*el%6 t0e
O$(os a$( t0e I=ares i$ #i'eria.
T0e e$'a'e*e$t o& so*e #i'eria$s i$ t0e Eva$'elical "or=s i$ t0e
cou$tr% "oul( proal% e$coura'e t0e co$ti$uit% o& t0e pla$ti$' o&
C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria.
A<0 SU**ARY
Cou 0ave stu(ie( t0e &ollo"i$' poi$ts (uri$' t0e course o& %our stu(ies7
C0ristia$s i$ t0e cou$tr% 0as lierate( *a$% people &ro* various
prole*s. !*o$' suc0 prole*s are sic=$ess6 co$&ro$tatio$ o& evil
spirits6 "iDar(s6 "itc0es6 slaver% a$( illiterac%. T0e% 0ave "o$ *a$%
souls &or Jesus C0rist i$ #i'eria. T0e pla$ti$' o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria
0as rou'0t civiliDatio$ to #i'eria$s. T0e &or*atio$ o& so*e C0ristia$
!ssociatio$s i$ t0e cou$tr% "oul( proal% e$0a$ce t0e co$ti$uit% o&
t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria. Aurt0er *ore6 t0e use o& t0e *ass
*e(ia *ea$s &or t0e sprea( o& t0e Goo( #e"s i$ #i'eria "oul(
e$coura'e t0e co$ti$uit% o& t0e Goo( #e"s i$ t0e cou$tr%. I$ a((itio$ to
t0e aove *e$tio$e( poi$ts6 t0e *et0o( o& allo"i$' people to 'ive
testi*o$ies i$ crusa(es6 a$( ot0er C0ristia$ services t0at ta=e place i$
ever% (e$o*i$atio$ i$ #i'eria "oul( proal% e$coura'e t0e co$ti$uit%
:/
CTH 071 CHRISTI!#ITC I# #IGERI!
o& t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria. T0e availailit% o& t0e Hol% 1ile
i$ t0e cou$tr% is a$ opportu$it% &or ever% o(% "0o "a$ts to purc0ase
t0e Goo( #e"s (oes so6 t0is "oul( proal% co$triutes to t0e
co$ti$uit% o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria i$ t0e &uture. T0e calli$' o& *a$%
#i'eria$s % Go( to sprea( t0e Goo( #e"s to people i$ #i'eria "oul(
proal% ai(s t0e co$ti$uit% o& t0e Gospel i$ #i'eria $o" a$( i$ t0e
&uture. Teac0i$' o& t0e Gospel i$ Sc0ools6 Colle'es a$( Tertiar%
I$stitutio$s i$ #i'eria "oul( proal% ai(s t0e sprea( o& t0e Goo( #e"s
i$ #i'eria i$ t0e &uture. T0e &ree(o* o& "ors0ip i$ #i'eria is proal%
0ope( to e$coura'e t0e co$ti$uit% o& C0ristia$it% i$ #i'eria i$ t0e
&uture.
=<0 TUTOR3*ARBED ASSIGN*ENT
1. State t0e o(ies t0at e$coura'e t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
#i'eria.
9. E@plai$ t0e roles o& >issio$ar% E(ucatio$al policies i$
#i'eria.
?. Discuss t0e role o& *e(ia i$ t0e sprea( o& t0e Gospel i$
#i'eria.

7<0 REFERENCES:FURTHER READINGS
Olu Oso=o%a6 E1:;7F. /,?,?,. Ed)cation in Nigeria6 'istory! $trategies!
Iss)es and #ro+lems6 +a'os7 1si$ai=a E(ucatio$al )ulis0ers a$(
)ri$ters.
Da$iel I. Ile'a6 Reli'io$6 E9001F. T0e =e% to #atio$al Survival i$
#i'eria6 i$ t0e IReli'io$s o& a Jour$al o& t0e #i'eria$
!ssociatio$ &or t0e Stu(% o& Reli'io$sH 2ol. 1? a$( 1.. #i'eria$
!ssociatio$ &or t0e Stu(% o& Reli'io$s.
O*oto%e Roti*i Willia*s6 E1::?F. Reli'io$ a$( Service to Hu*a$it%B
! Case Stu(% o& t0e Co$triutio$ o& 1is0op C0arles )0ilips to
O$(o M1;74,1:0/N i$ t0e IReli'io$ a$( Service to Hu*a$it%.
#i'eria$ !ssociatio$ &or t0e Stu(% o& Reli'io$s.
Jaco !"o3u O"olai6 E9004F. The 1rowth of the "nglican Ch)rch in
A"koko- :a++a *istrict2 of Nigeria 1:90,1::/6 )0.D. T0esis6
Depart*e$t o& Reli'io$s6 U$iversit% o& Ilori$6 U$pulis0e(.
:7