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Chapt 15 Lab

Name: States of Matter Lab Procedure: Go to: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter and click on Run Now States of Matter Review: 1) Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of ______motion______. 2) Potential energy (PE) is the energy of _____position_______. 3) What property of a substance corresponds to the average KE of its particles? temperature 4) What property of a substance corresponds to the average PE of its particles? phase 5) List the three common states of matter in order of highest potential to lowest. Gas, Liquid, Solid e-Lab: 1) Open PhET simulation States of Matter. 2) The beginning of the lab starts with Neon in a solid state at 13 K. (Kelvin (K) is a unit of temperature like Celsius and Fahrenheit). You can heat or cool the substances in the container by sliding the bar on the bucket to Heat (for fire) or Cool (for ice). Slide the bar to Cool and cool the neon to 0 K (this will take a while). a) The atoms are … A) not moving. A B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. b) Is this physically possible (think Third Law of Thermodynamics)? No c) Go up to the tab that says “teacher” and change the temperature scale from Kelvin to Celsius. According to this 0 K = __-273___ºC. Change the scale back to Kelvin. d) Notice the pattern of the atoms relative to each other. This pattern can best be described as A) rectangular B) hexagonal B C) octagonal D) amorphous (random or no pattern) This pattern is the solid Neon's crystalline structure. 3) Click on the “Solid” button on the right of the page. This puts the Neon's temperature back to 13 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -260 a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. B C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. b) Are the atoms still in their crystalline pattern even though they're moving? Yes they are 4) Heat the solid Neon to 20 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -253 a) What happens to the motion of the atoms? It increase b) Are the atoms still in the crystalline pattern? Yes 5) Heat the Neon to 30 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -243 a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. C D) moving independently around the container. b) What state does this represent? Liquid Every now and then one atom gains enough energy to break free from the group. This is called a vapor. 6) Heat the Neon to 60 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -213 a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. D b) What state is this? Gas c) Are all of the atoms moving at the same speed? No d) Does one individual atom always go the same speed? No e) Temperature corresponds to the _____average____ KE (or speed) of the atoms. 7) Heat the Neon to 120 K. a) On average, the speed of the atoms is _____B______ the speed of the atoms at 60 K. A) half B) twice C) sixty times D) the same as 8) Look at water as a gas. The molecules now have two types of motion. Linear and ____Rotational_____. 9) Look at water as a solid. Notice the pattern. Now look at Neon, Argon, and Oxygen as a solid. What do you notice in terms of the space between the particles? Water has the most space between particles 10) Most substances shrink when they freeze from a liquid into a solid, but because of water's unique shape, when it freezes it actually _____expands_______. 11) 0ºC = ____273_____ K 100ºC = ____373_____ K x ºC = ____x+273____ K

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Chapt 15 Lab

Name: States of Matter Lab Procedure: Go to: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter and click on Run Now States of Matter Review: 1) Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of ______motion______. 2) Potential energy (PE) is the energy of _____position_______. 3) What property of a substance corresponds to the average KE of its particles? temperature 4) What property of a substance corresponds to the average PE of its particles? phase 5) List the three common states of matter in order of highest potential to lowest. Gas, Liquid, Solid e-Lab: 1) Open PhET simulation States of Matter. 2) The beginning of the lab starts with Neon in a solid state at 13 K. (Kelvin (K) is a unit of temperature like Celsius and Fahrenheit). You can heat or cool the substances in the container by sliding the bar on the bucket to Heat (for fire) or Cool (for ice). Slide the bar to Cool and cool the neon to 0 K (this will take a while). a) The atoms are … A) not moving. A B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. b) Is this physically possible (think Third Law of Thermodynamics)? No c) Go up to the tab that says “teacher” and change the temperature scale from Kelvin to Celsius. According to this 0 K = __-273___ºC. Change the scale back to Kelvin. d) Notice the pattern of the atoms relative to each other. This pattern can best be described as A) rectangular B) hexagonal B C) octagonal D) amorphous (random or no pattern) This pattern is the solid Neon's crystalline structure. 3) Click on the “Solid” button on the right of the page. This puts the Neon's temperature back to 13 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -260 a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. B C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. b) Are the atoms still in their crystalline pattern even though they're moving? Yes they are 4) Heat the solid Neon to 20 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -253 a) What happens to the motion of the atoms? It increase b) Are the atoms still in the crystalline pattern? Yes 5) Heat the Neon to 30 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -243 a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. C D) moving independently around the container. b) What state does this represent? Liquid Every now and then one atom gains enough energy to break free from the group. This is called a vapor. 6) Heat the Neon to 60 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? -213 a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. D b) What state is this? Gas c) Are all of the atoms moving at the same speed? No d) Does one individual atom always go the same speed? No e) Temperature corresponds to the _____average____ KE (or speed) of the atoms. 7) Heat the Neon to 120 K. a) On average, the speed of the atoms is _____B______ the speed of the atoms at 60 K. A) half B) twice C) sixty times D) the same as 8) Look at water as a gas. The molecules now have two types of motion. Linear and ____Rotational_____. 9) Look at water as a solid. Notice the pattern. Now look at Neon, Argon, and Oxygen as a solid. What do you notice in terms of the space between the particles? Water has the most space between particles 10) Most substances shrink when they freeze from a liquid into a solid, but because of water's unique shape, when it freezes it actually _____expands_______. 11) 0ºC = ____273_____ K 100ºC = ____373_____ K x ºC = ____x+273____ K

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Name: States of Matter Lab

Procedure:
Go to: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter and click on Run Now
States of Matter
Reiew:
1) !inetic ener"# $!%& is the ener"# of ''''''motion''''''.
2) Potential ener"# $P%& is the ener"# of '''''position'''''''.
3) (hat propert# of a substance corresponds to the aera"e !% of its particles) temperature
4) (hat propert# of a substance corresponds to the aera"e P% of its particles) phase
5) List the three common states of matter in order of hi"hest potential to lowest. Gas, Liquid,
Solid
e-Lab:
1) *pen Ph%+ simulation States of Matter.
2) +he be"innin" of the lab starts with Neon in a solid state at ,- !. $!elin $!& is a unit of
temperature like .elsius and /ahrenheit&. 0ou can heat or cool the substances in the container
b# slidin" the bar on the bucket to 1eat $for fire& or .ool $for ice&. Slide the bar to .ool and
cool the neon to 2 ! $this will take a while&.
a) +he atoms are 3
A) not moving. A
B) ibratin" about a fi4ed position.
) slidin" past each other.
!) moin" independentl# around the container.
") 5s this ph#sicall# possible $think +hird Law of +hermod#namics&) #o
$) Go up to the tab that sa#s 6teacher7 and chan"e the temperature scale from !elin to
.elsius. 8ccordin" to this 2 ! 9 ''%2&3''':.. .han"e the scale back to !elin.
d) Notice the pattern of the atoms relatie to each other. +his pattern can best be described as
A) rectan"ular
B) he'agonal B
) octa"onal
!) amorphous $random or no pattern&
This pattern is the solid Neon's crystalline structure.
3) .lick on the 6Solid7 button on the ri"ht of the pa"e. +his puts the Neon;s temperature back to
,- !. (hat is this temperature in .elsius) %2()
a) +he atoms are 3
A) not moin".
B) vi"rating a"out a *i'ed position. B
) slidin" past each other.
!) moin" independentl# around the container.
") 8re the atoms still in their cr#stalline pattern een thou"h the#;re moin")
+es the, are
4) 1eat the solid Neon to <2 !. (hat is this temperature in .elsius) %253
a) (hat happens to the motion of the atoms) -t in$rease
") 8re the atoms still in the cr#stalline pattern) +es
5) 1eat the Neon to -2 !. (hat is this temperature in .elsius) %243
a) +he atoms are 3
A) not moin".
B) ibratin" about a fi4ed position.
) sliding past ea$h other.
!) moin" independentl# around the container.
") (hat state does this represent) Liquid
Every now and then one atom gains enough energy to break free from the group. This is called a
vapor.
() 1eat the Neon to =2 !. (hat is this temperature in .elsius) %213
a) +he atoms are 3
A) not moin".
B) ibratin" about a fi4ed position.
) slidin" past each other.
!) moving independentl, around the $ontainer. !
") (hat state is this) Gas
$) 8re all of the atoms moin" at the same speed) #o
d) >oes one indiidual atom alwa#s "o the same speed) #o
e) +emperature corresponds to the '''''average'''' !% $or speed& of the atoms.
&) 1eat the Neon to ,<2 !.
a) *n aera"e? the speed of the atoms is '''''B'''''' the speed of the atoms at =2 !.
A) half
B) t.i$e
) si4t# times
!) the same as
/) Look at water as a "as. +he molecules now hae two t#pes of motion. Linear and
''''0otational'''''.
1) Look at water as a solid. Notice the pattern. Now look at Neon? 8r"on? and *4#"en as a solid.
(hat do #ou notice in terms of the space between the particles) 2ater has the most spa$e
"et.een parti$les
1)) Most substances shrink when the# free@e from a liAuid into a solid? but because of water;s
uniAue shape? when it free@es it actuall# '''''e'pands'''''''.
11) 2:. 9 ''''2&3''''' ! ,22:. 9 ''''3&3''''' ! x :. 9
'''''32&3'''' !

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