Workshop: Introduction to Scilab

Funded by the National Mission on Education through ICT

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 26 January, 2011
Organised by FOSSEE Group, IIT Bombay, http://scilab.in
(The sequence of spoken tutorials to be listened/followed is same as that of exercise sets below.)
1. Getting Started
Solve the following examples on the Scilab
Console as soon as the relevant topic is ex-
plained in the tutorial.
(a) Perform the following calculations on
the scilab command line:
phi =

5 + 1
2
psi =

5 1
2
Find 1/phi and 1/psi.
(b) Verify Eulers identity: Is e
i
+1 close
to zero?
(c)
4

256
(d) 256
0.25
(e) e
i
(f) tan(45)
(g) tan
1
(1)
2. Vector Operations
Solve the following examples on the Scilab
Console as soon as the relevant topic is ex-
plained in the tutorial.
(a) Dene two vectors A,B with 1,5,8,19
and 19,8,5,1 elements respectively.
Calculate A*B-B*A
Calculate A*A+B*B
(b) In Scilab, enter the following Matri-
ces:
A =

1 1/2
1/3 1/4
1/5 1/6

B =

5 2

, C =

4 5/4 9/4
1 2 3

Using Scilab commands, compute

each of the following, if possible and
explain the errors, if any.
(c) A CC A
(d) 2 C 6 A
(e) (2 C 6 A

) B

(f) (2 C 6 A

) C

3. Matrix Operations
Solve the following examples on the Scilab
Console as soon as the relevant topic is ex-
plained in the tutorial.
(a) If A =

1 1 0
2 3 1
4 1 5

Find A(:, :)
Extract the second column of A
(b) Determine the determinant and eigen-
values of the matrix, A
2
+ 2 A .
(c) Dene a 3x3 matrix A with all ele-
ments equal to 1. Multiply 1st and
2nd row with scalars, 3 and 4 respec-
tively, and determine the determinant
of the resultant matrix.
(d) Represent the following linear system
as a matrix equation. Solve the sys-
tem using the inverse method:
x + y + 2z w = 3
2x + 5y z 9w = 3
2x + y z + 3w = 11
x 3y + 2z + 7w = 5
(e) Try solving the above system using
the backslash method.
(f) Verify the solution from the previous
question.
(g) If A =

2 3 1
4 6 5
1 3 6

Use a suitable sequence of row opera-

tions on A to bring A to upper trian-
gular form.
1
4. Scripts and Functions
Solve the following examples on the Scilab
Console as soon as the relevant topic is ex-
plained in the tutorial.
(a) Create a scilab script le to dis-
play time on console window. (hint:
clock())
1
Upper triangular matrix: all elements below the North-West to South-East diagonal of the matrix are zero.
(b) Create a scilab script le to display
product of a matrix A and inverse of
A. A = [1, 1; 1, 1]
(c) Create a function le to calculate sum
and dierence of any two numbers.
The output should be the sum and the
dierence of numbers.
(d) Create a function le to calculate
the rowwise and columnwise mean
and standard deviation of a user de-
ned matrix. Display the matrix, its
mean and standard deviation in out-
put. (hint; mean(), stdev() )
(e) Create an inline function to sort the
elements of a random vector in de-
scending order. (hint: gsort())
(f) Create an inline function to round o
the elements of a vector [1.9, 2.3, -
1.1, 50.5] to the nearest integer. (hint:
round())
(g) Create a function le to calculate LU
factorization of a matrix. (hint: lu()).
5. Plotting
(a) 01:12: Create a linearly spaced vector
from 0 to 1 with 10 points
(b) 01:12: Also create a linearly spaced
vector from 0 to 1 with 11 points
(c) 01:35: plot sin(x) versus x.
(d) 02:50: Use plot2d and try changing
the color to red. Also try style = -1
(e) 03:53: Put a title: Sine, and labels,
x axis and y axis
(f) 05:50: Plot sin(x) and cos(x) on the
same window.
(g) 06:08: Create a legend for the above
plots.
(h) 09:25: Now plot sin(x) and cos(x) as
subplots within the same window.
(i) 10:10: Save your plot as a le.
6. Conditional Branching
Note the importance of end at the end of
the if-then-else-end construct.
(a) Write a code to check if a given num-
ber n is less than or equal to 10, if
yes, display its square.(for n = 4, 13
and 10)
(b) Write a code to check if a number
is less than 10, if yes, then display
> 10, if it is greater than 10, then
display > 10, else display the num-
ber. (for n = 4, 13 and 10)
7. Iteration
(a) Write a for loop to display all the even
numbers between 1 to 50
(b) Find summation of vector x = [1 2 6
4 2], using iterative procedure. Hint:
Check length(), add each number us-
ing for loop.
(c) Write a code using while loop to dis-
play odd numbers in the range 1 to
25.
8. Polynomials
(a) Construct a polynomial with 3 re-
peated roots at 4 and 2 repeated roots
at 0. Check the roots of the derivative
of this polynomial. (Use derivat)
(b) Write a function that takes a polyno-
mial and gives out only real roots as
output.
(hint isreal )
(c) Write a function that takes a polyno-
mial and gives the INVERSE polyno-
mial, i.e. all roots are inverses of each
other.
(Hint: Coecients are to just be re-
versed.)
(Check that no root was at zero: check
this within the function, and display
error, and exit.)
(d) Write a function that takes a poly-
nomial and gives all the max-
ima/minima candidates.
(Hint: nd all real roots of the deriva-
tive).
9. Ordinary Dierential Equations
Solve the follwoing dierential equations
using Scilab and plot the dependent vari-
able vs independent variable
(a) dy/dx + y/x = x
3
; (x > 0)
(b) cos(x)dy/dx + sin(x)y = x
2
; y(0) = 4
(c) dy/dx = (x
3
y)/x; (y(1) = 0)
(d) dy/dx + y = 2x + 5; (y(1) = 1)
(e) dy/dx + y = x
4
; (y(0) = 0)
(f) dy/dt + (t 1)y = 0; (y(4) = 5)
(g) dy/dt + 2ty = t; (y(2) = 4)
(h) dy/dx + 2xy = 10xe
x
2
; (y(0) = 1)
(i) 2x
2
dy/dx yx = 3; (y(1) = 0)