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Electrical Power Transformer

The document defines voltage regulation as the percentage difference between the no-load and full-load voltages of a transformer relative to its full-load voltage. It then provides expressions for calculating voltage regulation for both lagging and leading power factors. The expressions show that voltage regulation accounts for the voltage drop across the transformer's secondary impedance due to the full-load current, with the drop adjusted based on whether the current is lagging or leading the voltage.

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Dina Garan
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19 views3 pages

Electrical Power Transformer

The document defines voltage regulation as the percentage difference between the no-load and full-load voltages of a transformer relative to its full-load voltage. It then provides expressions for calculating voltage regulation for both lagging and leading power factors. The expressions show that voltage regulation accounts for the voltage drop across the transformer's secondary impedance due to the full-load current, with the drop adjusted based on whether the current is lagging or leading the voltage.

Uploaded by

Dina Garan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition

The voltage regulation is the percentage of voltage difference between no load and full load
voltages of a transformer with respect to its full load voltage.
Explanation of Voltage Regulation of Transformer
Say a electrical power transformer is open circuited means load is not connected with secondary
terminals. In this situation the secondary terminal voltage of the transformer will be its secondary
induced emf E
2
. Whenever full load is connected to the secondary terminals of the transformer,
rated current I
2
flows through the secondary circuit and voltage drops comes into picture. At this
situation, primary winding will also draw euivalent full load current from source. The voltage
drop in the secondary is I
2
!
2
where !
2
is the secondary impedance of transformer. If now, at this
loading condition any one measures the voltage between secondary terminals, he or she will get
voltage "
2
across load terminals which is obviously less than no load secondary voltage E
2
and
this is because of I
2
!
2
voltage drop in the transformer.
E#pression of "oltage $egulation of transformer
E#pression of Voltage Regulation of Transformer, represented in percentage, is
Voltage Regulation of Transformer for lagging Power Factor
%ow we will derive the e#pression of voltage regulation in detail, say lagging &ower 'actor of
the load is cos(
2
, that means angle between secondary current and voltage is (
2
)ere, from the above diagram,
*+ , *A - A. - .+
)ere, *A , "
2
)ere, A. , AEcos(
2
, I
2
$
2
cos(
2
and, .+ , /Esin(
2
, I
2
0
2
sin(
2
Angle between *+ 1 */ may be very small so it can be neglected and */ is considered nearly
eual to *+ i.e.
E
2
, *+ , *A - A. - .+
E
2
, *+ , "
2
- I
2
$
2
cos(
2
- I
2
0
2
sin(
2
.....................2
Voltage Regulation of transformer at lagging power factor,
Voltage Regulation of Transformer for Leading Power Factor
3et4s derive the e#pression of voltage regulation with leading current, say leading &ower 'actor
of the load is cos(
2
, that means angle between secondary current and voltage is (
2
)ere, from the above diagram,
*+ , *A - A. 5 .+
)ere, *A , "
2
)ere, A. , AEcos(
2
, I
2
$
2
cos(
2
and, .+ , /Esin(
2
, I
2
0
2
sin(
2
Angle between *+ 1 */ may be very small so it can be neglected and */ is considered nearly
eual to *+ i.e.
E
2
, *+ , *A - A. 5 .+
E
2
, *+ , "
2
- I
2
$
2
cos(
2
5 I
2
0
2
sin(
2
.....................2
Voltage Regulation of transformer at leading power factor,

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