Unit Level-5 Unit Code-K/601/0941 Research Project

AN APPLIED RESEARCH PROJECT PROPOSAL ON HOW

THE ENTREPRENEURIALISM IMPACT ON QUALITY OF
U.K HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE INDUSTRY

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Unit Level-5 Unit Code-K/601/0941 Research Project

Assignment

ON
AN APPLIED RESEARCH PROJECT PROPOSAL ON HOW
THE ENTREPRENEURIALISM IMPACT ON QUALITY OF
U.K HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE INDUSTRY

Submitted to:

(“athe”-The Management Awarding

Organization)

Submitted By:

(..............................................)

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Unit Level-5 Unit Code-K/601/0941 Research Project

TASK-1- Introduction and background of the Research

Refers to (Business Dictionary, 2013), research is ““systematic investigative process
employed to increase or revise current knowledge by discovering new facts and it is classified
into two general categories, such as basic research and applied research, the basic research
is inquiry aimed at increasing scientific knowledge and applied research is an effort aimed at
using basic research for solving problems or developing new processes, products, or
techniques””

The research is a process of detailed and systematic investigative study of a subject and
extracting new meaning or increase or revise current knowledge or by gathering and
analyzing body of information and extracting new meaning or developing unique solutions
for problems or specific topic.

According to (Oates, 2009) “ Research is the creation of new knowledge, using an

appropriate process, to the satisfaction of the users of the research”.

Therefore the concept of research consists of creating knowledge by day to day thinking and
recognizing the problem by gathering data or evidence for addressing the problem, besides
that it analyse, interpret and collect more data to generate a conclusion. Moreover, the
characteristics of good research consist of the enough relevant and appropriate data sources
and it accurately recorded and appropriately analysed without any out of sight assumptions
with a rational conclusion and appropriate presentation.

The revolutionary changes take place in all industry sectors, the U.K health and social care
sector also passing through changes, such as entrants by entrepreneurs in health and social
care to compensate the gap of quality measures, such as leadership and accountability of
organizations, safe and effective care, accessible, flexible and responsive services, promoting,
protecting and improving health and social well being, besides that effective communication
and information. (Dept. of Health, Social Services and Public Safety, 2006) The achievement
of strategic goals, even if it is in private or public sector required to be healthy organizations
(Apendice-1), such as, refers to (OLA Group, 2013), they evaluates that organizations to
create healthy servant minded organizations enabling them to reach their potential, such as
the organization should display authenticity, value people, develop people, build community,
provide leadership and share leadership.

According to Peter Ducker- quoted by Dees, J. G. (1998) “"not every new small business is
entrepreneurial or represents entrepreneurship."”. Entrepreneurship is the new innovative
execution of ideas. Another quote by Peter Ducker mentions that ““Innovation is the specific
instrument of entrepreneurship, the act that endows resources with a new capacity to create
wealth””.

The entrepreneur is a single person owns and manage the enterprise with specified qualities
such as risk taking , innovativeness, independent, besides that to do things better and
dissatisfied with custom activities and having determination and patience, more over having a
sense of leadership and competitiveness ability to take responsibility and move towards the
future and renovate a situation into an opportunity, ( Krueger, 2002)

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Therefore the U.K private sector has a major role in U.K health and social care sector and if
dig the subject deep will disclose the factors that, what factors motivating the population to
access the private sector health and social care providers, moreover is there the
entrepreneurialism contributes overall quality for the health and social care.

This proposed Applied Research on how the entrepreneurialism impact on quality of U.K
health and social care industry will be carried out for M/s. Asia Pacific Family medicine, an
open access journal and it's aiming to provide a forum for dissemination of high quality
research and enhance the standards of family medicines by focusing on best practices. This
open access journal is a member organization and managed by M/S. World Organization of
Family Doctors (WONCA). It is a not-for-profit organization and founded in 1972 and at
present 126 member organizations in 102 countries and membership about 300,000 family
doctors.
Source: - http://www.globalfamilydoctor.com/AboutWonca/brief.aspxAccessed on
25/06/2013

1.1 Aim of the Research

The reason and aim of doing this applied research in to investigate how the
entrepreneurialism impact on quality of U.K health and social care industry. The topic has not
only a thick scope to adjoin knowledge in the specified area but the topic is also critical to
make out how the entrepreneurialism works with the quality of U.K health and social care
industry, moreover what are the factors driving population to access the private sector health
and social care services. In addition, can the private sector provide more quality than public
sector NHS and attract population, further more to find out the remedies for the raised
research objective and questions.

1.2 The Objectives of the Research

These research objectives in place from the recognized problems and it to fulfil the aims and
raised research questions about how the entrepreneurialism impact on quality of U.K health
and social care industry. The data or evidence collection is significant and analyze and
interpret of data generate a conclusion to the raised problem area and it will contribute new
knowledge in the picky area of topic.

The research objectives set for the research topic are:-

1. To examine the entrepreneurialism in health and social care industry in U.K
2. To critically examine the quality of health and social industry in U.K
3. To carry out an investigation whether private entrepreneurs can provide more quality
4. To suggest new strategies to entrepreneurs to improve quality in health and social care
industry in U.K
5. To list the merits and demerits of suggested new strategies to improve quality in
health and social care industry in U.K

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1.3 The Scope of the Research

The proposed applied research will be carried out within the period of two months, besides
that the collection of data from the reliable sources that relevant and focusing to the U.K
health and social care industry. The proposed research not covering the publication from the
other languages, besides that the scarcity of financial and time resources limits the scope.

1.4 The Significance of the Research.

The importance of the research is that, the outcome of the research is useful to the end users
of the health and social care sector for their practical decision making process such as:-

1. It will provide answers to raised questions and superiors improved knowledge to the
users by new or improved evidence, methodology, concepts or theories.
2. It will supportive to improve the health and social care system in U.K
3. It will help new entrepreneurs in the decision making process and may attract new
businesses.
4. It will help to develop a new model or techniques in quality strategies for the users.
5. It will helpful in solving the problems , improve situations

Moreover the research outcome has commercial value in knowledge based market, besides
that the proposed research will carry out under ethic codes and also academically worthy. The
research is important to the researcher for improving the experience and knowledge, besides
that the financial benefit obtained from the research project.

1.5 The Limitations of the Research

The limitations of the proposed applied research are as follows:-
1. It is focused only U.K region only
2. It is carried out within three months
3. It is not covering the literature in other languages
4. It is focused on health and social care only
5. It is using published historical data only
6. It is only focusing the entrepreneurialism possibilities
7. It is not analysing the philosophical, political. Psychological and ethical factors

Task-2 Literature Review

Refers to (Hart, 1998) Literature review is, “the selection of available documents (both
published and unpublished) on the topic which contain information, ideas, data and
written evidence from a particular standpoint to fulfil certain aims or express certain views
on the nature of the topic and how it is to be investigated and the effective evaluation of
those documents in relation to the research being proposed”

The patients in U.K depend not only free National Health Services (NHS) but also private
sector which paid from the pocket or private insurance scheme and the population of private
uses are 10 – 22 % of the population. (Bishop, 2011)

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The below Fig-1 shows the comparative statistical study of spending of both private and
public health care spending based on the prices in 2011 using the Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) deflator from HM Treasury.

Fig-1
U.K Spending on Public and Private Health Care in 1997-2011

£
i £
n i
n
b b
il il
li li
o o
The figures in n n
billions £ s s

P
r
P i
u v
b a
li t
Year c e
6 1
0 4
. .
5 7
1997 2 9
6 1
3 5
. .
2 4
1998 7 7
1999 6 1
8 6
. .

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0 3
4 5
7 1
0 8
. .
9 7
2000 5 2
7 2
6 0
. .
0 0
2001 5 7
8 2
1 1
. .
6 1
2002 8 5
8 2
7 2
. .
0 4
2003 0 6
9 2
3 1
. .
6 9
2004 3 0
9 2
8 3
. .
9 2
2005 6 9
1
0 2
4 3
. .
0 8
2006 0 9
1
0 2
7 6
. .
1 5
2007 7 4
1
1 2
2 6
. .
9 4
2008 8 2
2009 1 2

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2
2 5
. .
3 7
4 8
1
2 2
1 3
. .
4 9
2010 5 2
1
1 2
9 4
. .
9 8
2011 4 5

Source: http://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/data-and-charts/uk-spending-public-and-private-
health-care (Accessed on 25/06/2013)

The Office for National Statistics has today stepped in to correct UK economy growth
figures which were issued in 2008 which now seem to indicate a downturn in the second
quarter of 2008. The new figures show there was a marginal downturn in the second
quarter therefore the UK recession officially started three months earlier than originally
thought. This is something of an embarrassment for the UK government as the Chancellor
Alistair Darling had suggested back in the first half of 2008 that any UK recession would
be short lived.
Source: http://www.financialadvice.co.uk/news/12/ukeconomy/9795/when-did-the-uk-recession-
officially-start-to-kick-in.html(Accessed on 25/06/2013)

According to the U.K office for National Statistics, the U.K recession started in the second
quarter of 2008. The recession reflects in the private spending on 2008 onwards and the
available data up to 2011shows downturn. Therefore the income of people is a major factor
in choosing the private sector health services. The 2008 and 2009 government funding for the
public sector increased by prime minister Gordon Brown . Since May 2010, the new prime
minister David Cameron quoted cut the funds to the public sector.

Refers to Michelle Harrison, in his survey conducted on July 2012 with a sample population
of 1249 adults on what words best describe the NHS/Private health care in your opinion
reveals that 38% of the selected population feel the expansion of private provision is a
positive and 35% said that it would have a negative impact. Besides that if the cost is not a
matter, there are 42% opted for private health care and 40% for the NHS. The 62% of the

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selected population cannot afford the cost and 47% believed that they can get all the care
from NHS and 15% agreed to not go for private care.
Fig.2
Adults→→
Sample Population →→→ → →→→ 1249

Factors/criteria↓ Private NHS

Essential 6% 74.94 55% 686.95
Accessible 14% 174.86 46% 574.54
Slow 2% 24.98 33% 412.17
Value for money 5% 62.45 31% 387.19
Caring 14% 174.86 31% 387.19
Limited 14% 174.86 23% 287.27
Expert 22% 274.78 23% 287.27
Wasteful 9% 112.41 20% 249.8
Efficient 23% 287.27 19% 237.31
Update 20% 249.8 17% 212.33
Clean 17% 212.33 13% 162.37
Unclean 1% 12.49 12% 149.88
Quick 34% 424.66 6% 74.94
Laxury 50% 624.5 2% 24.98

Fig.3

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Source:http://www.kantar.com/public-opinion/policy/140712-attitudes-to-public-and-private-health/
(Accessed on 25/06/2012)

The Fig-2 shows that 50% of the sample population of 1249 adults believe that, the private is
a lluxury The 14% of them can access private health care and 6% believe it is essential. The
34% believe the private sector is quick. The Fig-3 shows a graphical representation.

2.1 A review on relevant Theories of Literature

According to Zachary Fen ell (2010) “Global communication also called

intercultural communication, refers to communication between cultures for
international business, effective global communication proves to be an
important aspect of business communication”

The attainment of organised strategic goals depends some extend to the

global communication as well as it is not only communicating between different
cultures but also it is the function of communication within the company

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involved with stakeholders, corporate advertising, communication between

employees, government relations and also relations with media and public.

The traditional theories of communication classified into formal, informal and unofficial. The
formal communication is the flow of information from the top level to the bottom about the
organization's goals, policies, procedures as well as directions through the chain of command.
The informal communication not only fills the gaps or omissions of formal communication
but also supplements outside the hierarchical structure.( Source:-
http://www.bizmove.com/skills/m8m.htm)

The unofficial communication is taking place within the organization as

interpersonal and it consists of Grapevine, Rumors and Gossips. Grapevine is
the positive counterpart of rumor and it originated from the interaction between
humans in the organization as well as it spread to unpredictable areas and rumor
is the information flowing without certainty between the people of the
organisation and it is in the view of public communication with private
hypothisis about that how works the world and it is attempts to work sense out
of uncertain situations . (Kestor. K.O, 2008).

The global communication and the channels of communication in international

business has holds a vital role in team work and management, further
negotiations and meeting deadlines. The open mindedness and curiosity
required for the success of smooth communication further to the patience and
self awareness in an intercultural communication.

Internal communication channels and networks helps to attain the tasks at right
time and patterns of networks such as chain, wheel, star, all channel network
and circle can adopt and internal communication distribution methods through
electronic, print, face to face and work space. The electronic methods includes
computer based internet, e-mail, website, blogs, voice mail, and telephone,
television, video, newsletters and SMS. Print based methods included all the
paper based form from top to bottom. Face to face includes team meetings,
briefing, conferences, site visits and consultation forums. Work space method is
notice boards, LCD screens.

The efficiency and effectiveness of communication channel depends the

circumstances and nature and culture of the organisation as well as the rapid
changes in technology and information system, the electronic based
communication systems are more effective. The advantages and disadvantages
of communication systems are based on cost and effectiveness. The available
system can use for communication or new system can introduce based on the

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audience where they are located and how they are accessing the information
and what extend it is effective.

The channels of communication has advantages and disadvantages, properly

communicated information are effective and produce dynamic result.

Advantages of proper technological communication are-

1. It is very fast, useful and easy to get unpublished information.

2. It is two way and relevant as well as real and flexible.

3. It is easy and pleasant to use.

The Disadvantages of modern communication channels are-

1. It is open to everyone and time taken to access the information.

2. It is sometimes misunderstand because of lack of details and incomplete

information.

3. There is chance to misbelieve and can happen mistakes as well as misspells

leads to major mistakes.

The lines of authority and flow of communication existing In any form of

organisation or in any classification or structure and type of organisation and it
effective through the hierarchical organisational structure, as well as the
hierarchical system has different levels of management and each employee has
assigned position in the bureaucracy of hierarchy and decision making power
exists in the top level of the hierarchy, so it is vital to improve the flow of
communication through different channels for the attainment of organisational
goals.

Chapter-3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.0 Research Methodology
According to (Chris Hart 2003) Methodology is “system of methods and rules
to facilitate the collection and analysis of data. It provides the starting point for
choosing an approach made up of theories, ideas, concepts, and definitions of
the topic, therefore the basic of a critical activity consisting of making choices
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about the nature and character of the social world (assumptions), this should not
be confused with, techniques of research, the application of methodology”.

The methodology is not only the systematic study of methods that can be
applied to the discipline but also the analysis of the principles of methods and
rules employed by that discipline. It is the methods or procedures; moreover it is
the philosophical assumptions that related to a particular study.

The concept of Scientific Research disclosed that the step of attempt to erase
some common misconceptions and the steps involved begins with general
questions and narrowing to focus to the specific aspect and concluding and
generalize to real world.
Source :-( http://www.experiment-resources.com/research-methodology.html)

3.1 The Research Approach, Strategy and Philosophy

The proposed research focused to improve the channels of communication with
employees in a multinational organisation of M/S. Asea Brown Boveri and the
approach will be deductive with a strategy of imperical and the philosophy will
be positivism.

3.2 Research Design

This proposed research designed to investigate the facts behind the research
question by studying the subject, searching carefully and by methodical process.
The systematic and logical approach will helps to review the existing literature
and background according to the significance of the research. The hypothesis
and re-examination of theories resolve the controversial issues and by the
improved practice , the outcome can use practically.

3.2.1 The Types And Sources Of Data

The proposed applied research will use primary qualitative and quantitative data
and secondary qualitative data .

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3.2.2 The Data Collection Tools

The secondary data will collect from published literature and the primary
data will collect from the participants through questionnaires, interviews and
emails.

3.2.3 Sampling Techniques

The proposed research will use cluster sampling and each cluster has
representation to the whole population as well as a random sampling
technique will use for which cluster to be considered for the research.

3.2.4 The Techniques Of Data Analysis

The proposed research will use qualitative methods and grounded theory for
data analysis.

3.2.5 The Presentation Of Data

When reporting the research , the outcome will be the intellectual property of
the researcher and it will be maintained by the client for the agreed period of
time without publishing as well as the plagiarism should be avoided and proper
referencing should be included and further if any assistance from others should
be mentioned and should avoid misrepresentation.

3.3 The Ethical Implications of the Research

The Research principles associated with professional associations, obviously
the incorporation with the professional bodies and the requirements of ethical
research and the oversight of ethical issues and a variety of research to be
submitted for clearance to the professional bodies, as a result of the informed
consent, the participants can know about the research and purpose as well as
the sponsor and how long their participation take place and is it voluntary or not
also knows the right of participants to withdraw their participation at any time
(Alan Bryman, 2003).

The proposed research will be carried out with the responsibility of an ethical
researcher such as without any unnecessary interaction, behave with integrity,
following the appropriate code of conduct and without plagiarism as well as to
be with an eye of an ethical researcher, further more maintain the right of
participants such as right to not participate, right to withdraw, right to get
informed consent, right to anonymity and also will maintain the confidentiality
and accessibility of data.

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The research and the ethics principles interrelated to the client, supplier and the
participants, when conducting the research, appropriate evidence collection will
be followed as well as the integrity and honesty should be maintained. When
processing the data such as using human subjects and sampling ,data accuracy
and protection should be maintained and the process should be according to the
principles of research ethics.

3.4 Schedule for the Proposed Research

3.5 The Reflection on Personal Development

The research will helps the researcher to collect more information about the subject
and can view the subject matter in a different view point as well as develop new
knowledge .

Bibliography

Books
Hart, C. ((1998) 2008(Re-Print)). Doing A LiteratureReview. London, United Kingdom: Sage
Publication Ltd.

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Reports
Zachary Fen ell (2010), Effective Communication Methods in Global Companies,
eHow.com.

Journal Articles

Kestor. K.o, A. M. (2008). INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL AS

DETERMINANTS. LASU Journal of Humanities. ,Vol. 5, 35 to 46.
http://artslasu.org/human/vol5/kester.pdf

Web Pages
http://www.ehow.com/way_5787251_effective-communication-methods-global-
companies.html#ixzz18BnltGuz (Accessed on 25/06/2013)

M/Swansea Brown Bovary

http://www.abb.com/ (Accessed on 25/06/2013)

Small Business Management, Communicating within the organisation,

http://www.bizmove.com/skills/m8m.htm (Accessed on25/06/2013)

Intercultural Business Communication

http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/intercultural-business-communication/tool.php
(Accessed on 125/06/2013)

EXPERIMENT-RESOURCES.COM
Research Methodology
http://www.experiment-resources.com/research-methodology.html . (Accesses on
25/06/2013)

Zachary Fennel (2010), Effective Communication Methods in Global Companies, eHow.com.

http://www.ehow.com/way_5787251_effective-communication-methods-global-
companies.html#ixzz18BnltGuz (Accessed on 25/06/2013)

http://www.abb.com/ (Accessed on 10/12/2010)

Small Business Management, Communicating within the organisation,

http://www.bizmove.com/skills/m8m.htm (Accessed on 25/06/2013)

Intercultural Business Communication

http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/intercultural-business-communication/tool.php
(Accessed on 125/06/2013)

Kestor. K.o, A. M. (2008). INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL AS DETERMINANTS. LASU

Journal of Humanities. ,Vol. 5, 35 to 46.

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http://artslasu.org/human/vol5/kester.pdf

EXPERIMENT-RESOURCES.COM, Research Methodology

http://www.experiment-resources.com/research-methodology.html . (Accessed on
25/06/2013)

http://www.globalfamilydoctor.com/AboutWonca/brief.aspxAccessed on 25/06/2013
Source. http://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/data-and-charts/uk-spending-public-and-private-
health-care (Accessed on 25/06/2013)

Source:http://www.kantar.com/public-opinion/policy/140712-attitudes-to-public-and-private-health/
(Accessed on 25/06/2012)

Appendice-1

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