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    Student Lecture 45 Harder Fourier Series

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    This document discusses Fourier series approximations of periodic functions. It provides examples of finding the Fourier series for specific periodic functions. In particular, it shows: 1) How to find the Fourier series of a piecewise defined periodic function f(x) with period 2L by determining the Fourier coefficients using integrals of f(x). 2) The Fourier series for a half-wave rectified cosine voltage, which clips the negative portion of the cosine wave. 3) That Fourier series can also be developed from a complex viewpoint using complex Fourier coefficients.

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    Student Lecture 45 Harder Fourier Series

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    This document discusses Fourier series approximations of periodic functions. It provides examples of finding the Fourier series for specific periodic functions. In particular, it shows: 1) How to find the Fourier series of a piecewise defined periodic function f(x) with period 2L by determining the Fourier coefficients using integrals of f(x). 2) The Fourier series for a half-wave rectified cosine voltage, which clips the negative portion of the cosine wave. 3) That Fourier series can also be developed from a complex viewpoint using complex Fourier coefficients.

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    This document discusses Fourier series approximations of periodic functions. It provides examples of finding the Fourier series for specific periodic functions. In particular, it shows: 1) How to find the Fourier series of a piecewise defined periodic function f(x) with period 2L by determining the Fourier coefficients using integrals of f(x). 2) The Fourier series for a half-wave rectified cosine voltage, which clips the negative portion of the cosine wave. 3) That Fourier series can also be developed from a complex viewpoint using complex Fourier coefficients.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    10 views4 pages

    Student Lecture 45 Harder Fourier Series

    Uploaded by

    uploadingperson
    This document discusses Fourier series approximations of periodic functions. It provides examples of finding the Fourier series for specific periodic functions. In particular, it shows: 1) How to find the Fourier series of a piecewise defined periodic function f(x) with period 2L by determining the Fourier coefficients using integrals of f(x). 2) The Fourier series for a half-wave rectified cosine voltage, which clips the negative portion of the cosine wave. 3) That Fourier series can also be developed from a complex viewpoint using complex Fourier coefficients.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    LECTURE 45

    SOME HARDER PROBLEMS


    Suppose that a function f has period T = 2L. Then f may be approximated by the Fourier
    series
    f(x) = a
    0
    +

    n=1
    (a
    n
    cos
    nx
    L
    + b
    n
    sin
    nx
    L
    )
    where the Fourier coecients a
    0
    , a
    n
    and b
    n
    are given by
    a
    0
    =
    1
    2L
    L

    L
    f(x) dx
    a
    n
    =
    1
    L
    L

    L
    f(x) cos
    nx
    L
    dx (n = 1, 2, 3, . . . )
    b
    n
    =
    1
    L
    L

    L
    f(x) sin
    nx
    L
    dx (n = 1, 2, 3, . . . )

    .
    Example 1 Suppose that f(x) =

    x + 4, 1 x < 1;
    f(x + 2), otherwise.
    Without integration show that a
    n
    =0 and hence the Fourier series of f takes the form
    f(x) = a
    0
    +

    n=1
    b
    n
    sin
    nx
    L
    .
    Find a
    0
    by inspection and b
    n
    using Example 2 from the last lecture. To what value does
    the Fourier series converge at x = 1?
    1
    f(x) = 4 +

    n=1
    2
    n
    (1)
    n+1
    sin nx Converges to 4 at x = 1
    Example 2 A periodic voltage cos t is passed through a half-wave rectier which clips
    the negative portion of the wave. Find the Fourier series of the resulting periodic function.
    The integrals here will cause us all sorts of problems. Let us rst prove two results
    which will be of use:
    a) sin( +

    2
    ) = cos
    b) cos(A) cos(B) =
    1
    2
    (cos(A + B) + cos(AB))
    Proof:
    2
    y
    x
    0.8
    0.6
    15
    0.4
    0.2
    10
    0
    -0.2
    5 0 -5 -10 -15
    3
    f(x) =
    1

    +
    1
    2
    cos x +

    n=2
    2 cos(
    n
    2
    )
    (1 n
    2
    )
    cos nx
    0
    -0.5
    -1
    x
    10 5 0 -5 -10
    y
    2
    1.5
    1
    0.5
    We close with the note that when Fourier series are developed from a complex view-
    point we have
    f(x) =

    n=
    c
    n
    e
    inx
    with
    c
    n
    =
    1
    2

    f(x)e
    inx
    dx.
    This is then the complex form of the Fourier series for f(x). The c
    n
    are the complex
    Fourier coecients. Students are referred to the printed notes for a proof of the above
    results. We tend to focus on the real case in MATH 2019.
    The following links are to some interesting applets on Fourier series:
    www.falstad.com/fourier/
    www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie/fourier/fourier.html
    4

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