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1) Equivalent Circuit: Synchronous Motor

1) The synchronous motor can be represented by an equivalent circuit with an armature resistance (Ra), armature reactance (Xa), and excitation voltage (Ea). 2) The synchronous motor maintains a constant speed regardless of load, with zero speed regulation. Its speed is determined by the frequency of the power source. 3) The torque-speed characteristics of a synchronous motor show constant torque from no-load to full-load operation at the synchronous speed.

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194 views5 pages

1) Equivalent Circuit: Synchronous Motor

1) The synchronous motor can be represented by an equivalent circuit with an armature resistance (Ra), armature reactance (Xa), and excitation voltage (Ea). 2) The synchronous motor maintains a constant speed regardless of load, with zero speed regulation. Its speed is determined by the frequency of the power source. 3) The torque-speed characteristics of a synchronous motor show constant torque from no-load to full-load operation at the synchronous speed.

Uploaded by

NeedSolutionManuals
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Synchronous Motor

1) Equivalent Circuit
Figure 6-1 Equivalent circuit of synchronous motor
f
f
f
R
V
I =
) (
) (
s a a a
s a a a
jX R I V E
jX R I E
+ =
+ + =

V
) cos(
a a in
I V I V P =

3
neglected R with
3
a

sin
s
a
in
X
E V
P =
a a cu
R I P

3 =
cu in cnv
P P P =
.
) cos(
. a a a a cnv
I E I E P =3
s ind cnv
T P =
.
!f R
a
is neglected"
) (
s a a
jX I V E =


3

sin
.
s
a
in conv
X
E V
P P = =
#herefore"

3

sin
.
s s
a
ind
X
E V
T =
and

3
s s
a
X
E V
T

=
. max
core mech conv out
P P P P =
$3
s load out
T P =
#he relation %etween the armature induced voltage and the field current is the o&en-
circuit characteristics of the synchronous machine'
) (hasor )iagram
a' *agging &ower factor
Figure 6- (hasor diagram for lagging &ower factor
#he motor is under e+cited and acting as an induction motor'
%' ,nity &ower factor
Figure 6-3 (hasor diagram for unity &ower factor
#he motor is critically e+cited and acting as a resistive load'
c' *eading &ower factor
#he motor is over e+cited and acting as a ca&acitive load'
Figure 6-- (hasor diagram for leading &ower factor
3) #orque-s&eed Characteristics
#he s&eed of the synchronous motor is constant from no-load to full-load and equals
the synchronous s&eed of the machine' #he s&eed regulation of this motor is .ero'
$-
Figure 6-/ #orque-s&eed characteristics
% 0 100 =

= x
n
n n
SR
FL
FL NL
-) 1rmature Current vs' Field Current characteristics 2V-Curve)
#his characteristic is constructed under constant &ower conditions' #o determine the
relation %etween armature current and field current" we neglect the armature
resistance'
Figure 6-6 Equivalent circuit of synchronous motor with Ra neglected'
neglected R with
3
a

sin
s
a
in
X
E V
P =
For constant &ower (
in
with constant V and Xs" E
a
sin is constant' #herefore" E
a
will
move along a hori.ontal line" 2E
a
locus')
1lso"

cos
a in
I V P 3 =
For constant &ower (
in
with constant V , !
a
cos is constant' #herefore" !
a
will move
along a vertical line" 2!
a
locus')
$/
) (
) (
s a a
s a a
jX I V E
Or
jX I E
=
+ =

V
3e can determine the relation %etween the armature current 2!a) and the field current 2!f)
using the o&en-circuit characteristics 24CC) and the &hasor diagram'
Figure 6-5 4&en circuit characteristics'
Figure 6-6 (hasor diagram'
$6
Figure 6-$ V-curve'
$5

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