TABLE A-10CONVERSION FACTORS USEFUL IN PHASE BEHAVIOR (from Ref.

3)
To Convert From

To

Multiply By

Inverse

Area
acre (acre)

square meter (m2)*

square foot (ft2)

4.046 856
4.356 000**

E + 03
E + 04

2.471 054
2.295 684

E 04
E 05

darcy (darcy)

square meter (m2)*

square centimeter (cm2)
square micrometer (mm2)
millidarcy (md)
cm2-cp@sec*1@atm*1

9.869 23
9.869 23
9.869 23
1.000 000**
1.000 000**

E 13
E 09
E 01
E + 03
E + 00

1.013 25
1.013 25
1.013 25
1.000 000**
1.000 000**

E + 12
E + 08
E + 00
E 03
E + 00

square foot (ft2)

square meter (m2)*

square centimeter (cm2)
square inch (in.2)

9.290 304**
9.290 304**
1.440 000**

E 02
E + 02
E + 02

1.076 391
1.076 391
6.944 444

E + 01
E 03
E 03

hectare (ha)

square meter (m2)*

acre

1.000 000**
2.471 054

E + 04
E + 00

1.000 000**
4.046 856

E 04
E 01

square mile (sq mile)

square meter (m2)*

acre

2.589 988
6.400 000**

E + 06
E + 02

3.861 022
1.562 500**

E 07
E 03

gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)

kilogram/cubic meter (kg/m3)*

pound-mass/cubic foot (lbm/ft3)
pound-mass/gallon (lbm/gal)
pound-mass/barrel (lbm/bbl)

1.000 000**
6.242 797
8.345 405
3.505 070

E + 03
E + 01
E + 00
E + 02

1.000 000**
1.601 846
1.198 264
2.853 010

E 03
E 02
E 01
E 03

pound-mass per cubic foot (lbm/ft3)

kilogram/cubic meter (kg/m3)*

pound-mass/gallon (lbm/gal)
pound-mass/barrel (lbm/bbl)

1.601 846
1.336 805
5.614 583

E + 01
E 01
E + 00

6.242 797
7.480 520
1.781 076

E 02
E + 00
E 01

pound-mass per gallon (lbm/gal)

kilogram/cubic meter (kg/m3)*

pound-mass/barrel (lbm/bbl)

1.198 264
4.200 000

E + 02
E + 01

8.345 406
2.380 952

E 03
E 02

dyne (dyne)

newton (N)*
pound-force (lbf)

1.000 000**
2.248 089

E 05
E 06

1.000 000**
4.448 222

E + 05
E + 05

kilogram-force (kgf)

newton (N)*
pound-force (lbf)

9.806 650**
2.204 622

E + 00
E + 00

1.019 716
4.535 924

E 01
E 01

pound-force (lbf)

newton (N)*

4.448 222

E + 00

2.248 089

E 01

angstrom ()

meter (m)*

1.000 000**

E 10

1.000 000**

E + 10

centimeter (cm)

meter (m)*

1.000 000**

E 02

1.000 000**

E + 02

foot (ft)

meter (m)*
centimeter (cm)

3.048 000**
3.048 000**

E 01
E + 01

3.280 840
3.280 840

E + 00
E 02

inch (in.)

meter (m)*
centimeter (cm)

2.540 000**
2.540 000**

E 02
E + 00

3.937 008
3.937 008

E + 01
E 01

micron (mm)

meter (m)*

1.000 000**

E 06

1.000 000**

E + 06

mile (U.S. statute)

meter (m)*
foot

1.609 344**
5.280 000**

E + 03
E + 03

6.213 712
1.893 939

E 04
E 04

Density

Force

Length

*SI conversions. All quantities are current to SI standards as of 1974.

**Conversion factor is exact and all following digits are zero. All other factors have been rounded.
The notation E + 03 is used in place of 103, and so on.

PROPERTY TABLES AND UNITS

TABLE A-10 (continued)CONVERSION FACTORS USEFUL IN PHASE BEHAVIOR (from Ref. 3)

To Convert From

To

Multiply By

Inverse

Mass
gram-mass

kilogram (kg)*

1.000 000**

E 03

1.000 000**

E + 03

ounce-mass (avoirdupois)

kilogram (kg)*
gram (g)

2.834 952
2.834 952

E 02
E + 01

3.527 397
3.527 397

E + 01
E 02

pound-mass

kilogram (kg)*
ounce-mass

4.535 923 7** E 01

1.600 000**
E + 01

2.204 623
6.250 000**

E + 00
E 02

slug

kilogram (kg)*
pound-mass (lbm)

1.459 390
3.217 405

E + 01
E + 01

6.852 178
3.108 095

E 02
E 02

ton (U.S. short)

kilogram (kg)*
pound-mass (lbm)

9.071 847
2.000 000**

E + 02
E + 03

1.102 311
5.000 000**

E 03
E 04

ton (U.S. long)

kilogram (kg)*
pound-mass (lbm)

1.016 047
2.240 000**

E + 03
E + 03

9.842 064
4.464 286

E 04
E 04

ton (metric)

kilogram (kg)*

1.000 000**

E + 03

1.000 000**

E 03

tonne

kilogram (kg)*

1.000 000**

E + 03

1.000 000**

E 03

atmosphere (atm)
(Normal is 760 mm Hg)

pascal (Pa)*
mm Hg (0C)
feet water (4C)
pound-force/square inch (psi)
bar

1.013 25
7.600 000**
3.389 95
1.469 60
1.013 25

E + 05
E + 02
E + 01
E + 01
E + 00

9.869 23
1.315 789
2.949 90
6.804 60
9.869 23

E 06
E 03
E 02
E 02
E 01

bar (bar)

pascal (Pa)*
pound-force/square inch (psi)

1.000 000**
1.450 377

E + 05
E + 01

1.000 000**
6.894 757

E 05
E 02

centimeter of Hg (32F)

pascal (Pa)*
pound-force/square inch (psi)

1.333 22
1.933 67

E + 03
E 01

7.500 64
5.171 51

E 04
E + 00

dyne/square centimeter (dyne/cm2)

pascal (Pa)*
pound force/square inch (psi)

1.000 000**
1.450 377

E 01
E 05

1.000 000**
6.894 757

E + 01
E + 04

feet of water (39.2F)

pascal (Pa)*
pound force/square inch (psi)

2.988 98
4.335 15

E + 03
E 01

3.345 62
2.306 73

E 04
E + 00

kilogram-force/square centimeter

pascal (Pa)*
bar
pound force/square inch (psi)

9.806 650**
9.806 650**
1.422 334

E + 04
E 01
E + 01

1.019 716
1.019 716
7.030 695

E 05
E + 00
E 02

pound-force/inch2 (psi)

pascal (Pa)*

6.894 757

E + 03

1.450 377

E 04

day (d)

second (s)*
minute (min)
hour (h)

8.640 000**
1.440 000**
2.400 000**

E + 04
E + 03
E + 01

1.157 407
6.944 444
4.166 667

E 05
E 04
E 02

hour (h)

second (s)*
minute (min)

3.600 000**
6.000 000**

E + 03
E + 01

2.777 778
1.666 667

E 04
E 02

minute (min)

second (s)*

6.000 000**

E + 01

1.666 667

E 02

Pressure

Time

*SI conversions. All quantities are current to SI standards as of 1974.

**Conversion factor is exact and all following digits are zero. All other factors have been rounded.
The notation E + 03 is used in place of 103, and so on.

PHASE BEHAVIOR

TABLE A-10 (continued)CONVERSION FACTORS USEFUL IN PHASE BEHAVIOR (from Ref. 3)

To Convert From

To

Multiply By

Inverse

Viscosity
centipoise (cp)

pascal-second (Pa@s)*
dyne-second/square centimeter
(dyne-s/cm2)
pound-mass/foot-second (lbm/ft-sec)
pound-force-second/square foot
(lbf-sec/ft2)
pound-mass/foot-hour (lbm/ft-hr)

1.000 000**
1.000 000**
6.719 689
2.088 543
2.419 088

centistoke (cSt)

square meter/second (m2/s)*

centipoise/gram-cubic centimeter
(cp/g-cm3)

1.000 000** E 06
1.000 000** E + 00

1.000 000** E + 06
1.000 000** E + 00

poise

pascal-second (Pa@s)*

1.000 000** E 01

1.000 000** E + 01

pound-mass/foot-second (lbm/ft-sec)

pascal-second (Pa@s)*

1.488 164

E + 00

6.719 689

E 01

pound-mass/foot-hour (lbm/ft-hr)

pascal-second (Pa@s)*

4.133 789

E 04

2.419 088

E + 03

pascal-second (Pa@s)*

4.788 026

E + 01

2.088 543

E 02

acre-foot (acre-ft)

cubic meter (m3)*

cubic foot (ft3)
barrel (bbl)

1.233 482
E + 03
4.356 000** E + 04
7.758 368
E + 03

8.107 131
2.295 684
1.288 931

E 04
E 05
E 04

barrel (bbl)

cubic meter (m3)*

cubic foot (ft3)
gallon (gal)

1.589 873
E 01
5.614 583
E + 00
4.200 000** E + 01

6.289 811
1.781 076
2.380 952

E + 00
E 01
E 02

cubic foot (ft3)

cubic meter (m3)*

cubic inch (in.3)
gallon (gal)

2.831 685
1.728 000
7.480 520

E 02
E + 03
E + 00

3.531 466
5.787 037
1.336 805

E + 01
E 04
E 01

gallon (gal)

cubic meter (m3)*

cubic inch (in.3)

3.785 412
2.310 001

E 03
E + 02

2.641 720
4.329 003

E + 02
E 03

liter (L)

cubic meter (m3)*

1.000 000** E 03

1.000 000** E + 03

barrel/day (B/D)

cubic meter/second (m3/s)*

cubic meter/hour (m3/h)
cubic meter/day (m3/d)
cubic centimeter/second (cm3/s)
cubic foot/minute (ft3/min)
gallon/minute (gal/min)

1.840 131
6.624 472
1.589 873
1.840 131
3.899 016
2.916 667

E 06
E 03
E 01
E + 00
E 03
E 02

5.434 396
1.509 554
6.289 810
5.434 396
2.564 750
3.428 571

E + 05
E + 02
E + 00
E 01
E + 02
E + 01

cubic foot/minute (ft3/min)

cubic meter/second (m3/s)*

4.719 474

E 04

2.118 880

E + 03

cubic foot/second (ft3/sec)

cubic meter/second (m3/s)*

2.831 685

E 02

3.531 466

E + 01

(m3/s)*

6.309 020

E 05

1.585 032

E + 04

pound-force-second/square foot
(lbf-sec/ft2)

E 03
E 02
E 04
E 05
E + 00

1.000 000**
1.000 000**
1.488 164
4.788 026
4.133 789

E + 03
E + 02
E + 03
E + 04
E 01

Volume

Volumetric rate

gallon/minute (gal/min)

cubic meter/second

*SI conversions. All quantities are current to SI standards as of 1974.

**Conversion factor is exact and all following digits are zero. All other factors have been rounded.
The notation E + 03 is used in place of 103, and so on.

PROPERTY TABLES AND UNITS

TABLE A-11ADDITIONAL CONVERSION FACTORS USEFUL IN PHASE BEHAVIOR

To Convert From

To

Multiply By

Inverse

Amount of substance
mole (mol)

kilomole (kmol)

pound-mass mole (lbm mol)

2.204 623

E + 03

4.535 923

E 04

gram mole (gmol)

1.000 000*

E + 00

1.000 000*

E + 00

kilomole (kmol)

1.000 000*

E 03

1.000 000*

E + 03

mole (gmol)

1.000 000*

E + 03

1.000 000*

E 03

gram mole (gmol)

1.000 000*

E + 03

1.000 000*

E 03

pound-mass mole (lbm mol)

4.535 923

E 01

2.204 623

E + 00

square meter/second (m2/s)

1.000 000*

E 04

1.000 000*

E + 04

square millimeter/second (mm2/s)

1.000 000*

E + 02

1.000 000*

E 02

square foot/second (ft2/sec)

1.076 390

E 03

9.290 304

E + 02

square foot/hour (ft2/hr)

3.875 000

E + 00

2.580 640

E 01

dyne/centimeter (dyne/cm)

1.000 000*

E + 00

1.000 000*

E + 00

kiloJoule (kJ)

1.055 056

E + 00

9.478 160

E 01

calorie (cal)

2.521 640

E + 02

3.965 660

E 03

kilocalorie (kcal)

2.521 640

E 01

3.965 660

E + 00

erg

1.055 056

E + 10

9.478 160

E 11

Diffusivity
square centimeter/second (cm2/s)

Surface tension
milliNewton/meter (mN/m)
Energy
British thermal unit (Btu)

*Conversion factor is exact.

References
1. Nagy, Z. and Shirkovskiy, A.I.: Mathematical Simulation of Natural Gas
Condensation Processes Using the Peng-Robinson Equation of State,
paper SPE 10982 presented at the 1982 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, 2629 September.

10

2. Reid, R.C., Prausnitz, J.M., and Polling, B.E.: The Properties of Gases
and Liquids, fourth edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc., New York City
(1987).
3. Earlougher, R.C. Jr.: Advances in Well Test Analysis, SPE Monograph Series, SPE, Richardson, Texas (1977) 5.

PHASE BEHAVIOR