Scribd
Upload
44 views

Why Vibration Testing Needed?

Vibration testing is used to determine vibration parameters of a structure like natural frequencies, modal damping, and mode shapes. It is used for model verification, reliability testing, and machine condition monitoring. Modal testing involves exciting a structure using shakers or impulsive hammers and measuring the response with sensors. Signal analysis techniques like Fourier transforms, correlation, and power spectral density are used to determine the frequency response functions from the input and output signals. This reveals the structure's resonance frequencies and modal properties. An example modal test is given of determining the natural frequencies of an alloy wheel.

Uploaded by

MamdouhAlhanafy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views

Why Vibration Testing Needed?

Vibration testing is used to determine vibration parameters of a structure like natural frequencies, modal damping, and mode shapes. It is used for model verification, reliability testing, and machine condition monitoring. Modal testing involves exciting a structure using shakers or impulsive hammers and measuring the response with sensors. Signal analysis techniques like Fourier transforms, correlation, and power spectral density are used to determine the frequency response functions from the input and output signals. This reveals the structure's resonance frequencies and modal properties. An example modal test is given of determining the natural frequencies of an alloy wheel.

Uploaded by

MamdouhAlhanafy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Vibration Testing

2103-602: Measurement and Instrumentations


Year: 2007
Why vibration testing needed?
Modal testing to determine vibration parameters
such as natural frequencies, modal damping
and mode shapes
Verification of analytical model
Product reliability test, e.g., shock and vibration
Machine condition monitoring
Modal testing diagram
Source of excitation
Dynamic signal analyzer: display both
time and frequency responses and real time
calculation of Fourier transform.
Structure
Vibration sensor
Sensor senses and converts the motion into electrical signal.
Actuator
provides impulsive force
to the tested structure
provide harmonic, swept-sine,
or random excitation to the tested
structure
Impulse hammer
Vibration shaker
Need excitation with wide bandwidth of frequency
covering all interested modes and operating frequencies.
Built-in
force sensor
Signal Analysis
Basic concept:
- Fourier transform
- Correlation
- Power Spectral Density (PSD)
- FRF determined from input- and output-PSD
- Digital processing
Fourier series of periodic signals
Coefficients of Fourier series indicate the density of signal
at various discrete harmonic frequencies.
Fourier Transform
For any non-periodic signal,
Fourier transform indicates density
of the signal at various continuous
frequencies.
Real impulse signal
Coefficients of continuous series of harmonics
Correlation
Auto-correlation
Cross-correlation
Correlation indicates how fast the signal is changing
compared to itself (auto) or other signal (cross).
Power Spectral Density (PSD)
Auto-PSD:
Cross-PSD:
PSD is Fourier transform of the correlation.
PSD indicates the energy density of signal at
various frequencies and hence has a unit of power.
When subject to the uniform input at
various frequencies, what does the PSD of
vibration response, tell us about?
PSD or vibration energy at resonance
frequencies will be maximum.
FRF determined from PSD
Digital Signal Processing
Modal testing
Modal data extraction
Natural frequencies: frequencies at peaks
Modal damping: half-power method for 1-DOF
lightly damped system
Half power method can be applied to M-DOF lightly damped system whose
resonance frequencies are far apart.
Mode Shapes
Example
Modal Testing of Alloy Wheel
Test Result
FRF of Model 669L1 measured close to the hole
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Frequency (Hz)
M
a
g
n
i
t
u
d
e

(
g
/
l
b
f
)
466
901
1088
722

You might also like