MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY

SCHEME AND SYLLABI

FOR
M. Tech. DEGREE PROGRAMME
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
WITH SPECIALIZATION IN
POWER SYSTEMS
(2011 ADMISSION ONWARDS)

1

SCHEME AND SYLLABI FOR M. Tech. DEGREE
PROGRAMME IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WITH
SPECIALIZATION IN POWER SYSTEMS

SEMESTER - I
Sl.
No.
Course No. Subject
Hrs / Week Evaluation Scheme (Marks)
Credi
ts (C)
L T P
Sessional
ESE Total
TA CT
Sub
Total
1 MEEPS101 Applied mathematics 3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
2 MEEPS102
Optimization of power system
operation
3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
3 MEEPS103
Computer applications in power
systems
3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
4 MEEPS104 Analysis of power electronic systems 3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
5 MEEPS105 Elective - I 3 0 0 25 25 50 100 150 3
6 MEEPS106 Elective-II 3 0 0 25 25 50 100 150 3
7 MEEPS107 Power systemsimulation lab 0 0 3 25 25 50 100 150 2
8 MEEPS108 Seminar-I 0 0 2 50 - 50 0 50 1
Total 18 4 5 225 175 400 700 1100 25

Elective I (MEEPS 105) Elective II (MEEPS 106)
MEEPS 105.1 Dynamics of linear systems MEEPS 106.1 Analysis of ac machines
MEEPS 105.2 Distributed generation MEEPS 106.2 Nonlinear control theory
MEEPS 105.3 Power systemplanning MEEPS 106.3 Optimal control theory
MEEPS 105.4
Power systemmonitoring and
instrumentation
MEEPS 106.4 Power distribution systems
L Lecture, T Tutorial, P Practical

TA Teachers Assessment (Assignments, attendance, group discussion, Quiz, tutorials, seminars,
etc.)
CT Class Test (Minimumof two tests to be conducted by the Institute)

ESE End Semester Examination to be conducted by the University

Electives: New Electives may be added by the department according to the needs of emerging fields of
technology. The name of the elective and its syllabus should be submitted to the University
before the course is offered.
2

SEMESTER II

Sl.
No.
Course
No.
Subject
Hrs / Week Evaluation Scheme (Marks)
Credits
(C)
L T P
Sessional
ESE Total
TA CT
Sub
Total
1 MEEPS 201
Power systemcontrol and
security
3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
2 MEEPS 202 Power quality 3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
3 MEEPS 203
Power systemdynamics and
stability
3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
4 MEEPS 204
Flexible ac transmission
systems
3 1 0 25 25 50 100 150 4
5 MEEPS 205 Elective-III 3 0 0 25 25 50 100 150 3
6 MEEPS 206 Elective-IV 3 0 0 25 25 50 100 150 3
7 MEEPS 207 Power systemlaboratory 0 0 3 25 25 50 100 150 2
8 MEEPS 208 Seminar-II 0 0 2 50 - 50 0 50 1
Total 18 4 5 225 175 400 700 1100 25


Elective III (MEEPS 205) Elective IV (MEEPS 206)
MEEPS 205.1 Power systemvoltage stability MEEPS 206.1
Soft Computing techniques in power
systems
MEEPS 205.2 Electricity deregulation MEEPS 206.2 Ehv ac & dc transmission
MEEPS 205.3
Power system transients & insulation
coordination
MEEPS 206.3 Power systemreliability
MEEPS 205.4 Advanced relaying and protection MEEPS 206.4 Energy conservation and management

L Lecture, T Tutorial, P Practical

TA Teachers Assessment (Assignments, attendance, group discussion, Quiz, tutorials, seminars,
etc.)

CT Class Test (Minimumof two tests to be conducted by the Institute)

ESE End Semester Examination to be conducted by the University

Electives: New Electives may be added by the department according to the needs of emerging
fields of technology. The name of the elective and its syllabus should be submitted to the
university before the course is offered.
3

SEMESTER III

Sl.
No.
Course No. Subject
Hrs / Week Evaluation Scheme (Marks)
Credits
(C)
L T P
Sessional
ESE
**

(Oral)
Total
TA
*
C
T
Sub
Total
1 MEEPS 301 1.Industrial Training OR
2. Industrial Training and Mini
Project
0 0 20 50 0 50 100 150 10
2 MEEPS 302 Thesis Phase I 0 0 10 100*** 0 100 0 100 5
TOTAL
0 0 30 150 0 150 100 250 15

* TA based on a Technical Report submitted together with presentation at the end of the Industrial
Training and Mini Project
** Evaluation of the Industrial Training and Mini Project will be conducted at the end of the third
semester by a panel of examiners, with at least one external examiner, constituted by the University.
*** The marks will be awarded by a panel of examiners constituted by the concerned institute


SEMESTER - IV
Sl.
No.
Course No. Subject
Hrs /
Week
Evaluation Scheme (Marks)
Credits
(C)
L T P
Sessional
ESE
**

(Oral
&
Viva)
Total
TA
*
CT
Sub
Total
1 MEEPS 401
Masters Thesis
0 0 30 100 0 100 100 200 15
2 MEEPS 402 Masters Comprehensive Viva 100 100
Total 30 100 0 100 0 300 15
Grand Total of all Semesters 2750 80

* 50% of the marks to be awarded by the Project Guide and the remaining 50% to be awarded by a
panel of examiners, including the Project Guide, constituted by the Department
** Thesis evaluation and Viva-voce will be conducted at the end of the fourth semester by a panel of
examiners, with at least one external examiner, constituted by the University.
4


MEEPS 101 APPLIED MATHEMATICS L T P C
3 1 0 4
Module 1: Transforms
Fourier Transforms, cosine and sine transforms.Z transforms of a
n
, n
p
, cos nT, sin nT, a
n
cos nT,
a
n
sin nT, properties, convolution. Inverse transforms by partial fractions and residues,
application to solution of difference equations.

Module 2:Calculus of Variation & Integral Equations
Euler-Lagrange condition for extremum of integrals, isoperimetric problems, problems with
constraints.
Integral equations: Formation of Volterra and Fredholm integral equations, solution of integral
equations of second kind by transform method, method of successive approximations and
iterative methods.

Module 3: Estimation Theory and Time series Analysis
Introduction Parameter estimation properties of point estimators maximum-Likelihood
estimation Bayes estimation Mean square estimation. Markov process:-Discrete-Time
Markov Chains, Continous-Time Markov Chains. Reliability :-Concepts-Reliability by Markov
Analysis-reliability under preventive maintenance.
Time series:-Introduction-definition-utility of time series-Components of time series-Preliminary
adjustments-Analysis of time series-Measurement of trend-Shifting the trend origin-Conversion
of trend equations.

Module 4: Vector Algebra
Vector spaces and subspaces, definitions and simple problems on linear dependence, basis,
dimension, linear transformations, representation of linear transformation by matrices,
definitions and simple problems of inner product spaces and Hilbert spaces.
References:
1. Erwin Kreyzig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, J ohn Wiley & Sons, 1994.
2. Venkataraman M K, Higher Engineering Mathematics, (2
nd
and 3
rd
volumes), National
Publishing Co., Chennai, 2002.
5

3. Bali, Ashok Saxena and Narayana Iyengar, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Laxmi
Publications (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2002.
4. Naylor A W and George R. Sell, Linear Operator Theory, Holt Rinehart and Winston,
London, 1971 (Copy right).
5. Cantrew C D, Modern Mathematical Methods for Physicists and Engineers, Cambridge
University Press, 2002.
6. Athanasios Papoulis, Unnikrishnan Pillai S, Probability,random variables & Stochastic
Process,TMH,4
Th
Edition.
7. Alberto Leon-Garcia, Probability & Random Processes for Electrical Engineering,
Pearson Education Second Edition.
8. Hwei P HSU, Probability,Random Variables & Random Processes, Schaums Outlines
Series.
9. Elhance D N, Fundamentals of Statistics.











6


MEEPS 102 OPTIMIZATION OF POWER SYSTEM
OPERATION
L T P C
3 1 0 4

Module 1: Optimization problems
Statements -Classification -One Dimensional Minimization methods-Fibonacci and Golden
section methods-Quadratic interpolation method-Unconstrained optimization Uni variant
method-Powells method-Decent methods-Steepest decent method-Conjugate gradient method-
Fletcher-reeves method.

Module 2: Constrained optimization problem
Kuhn-Tucker conditions-Gradient methods-Lagrangian method-penalty function methods
Dynamic programming-Discrete case only Quadratic Programming- Solution using C.P.
algorithm Integer programming.
Computation techniques: Genetic Algorithms- representation of design variables- Objective
function and constraints-Genetic operators

Module 3: Power Generation Units
Characteristics - Thermal Units, Hydroelectric Units Review of Economic Dispatch of
Thermal Units The Lambda-iteration Method First order Gradient Method Base Point and
Participation Factors.
Generation with limited energy supply - Take or pay fuel supply contract - Composite generation
production cost function - Solution by gradient search techniques - Hard limits and slack
variables - Development of loss formula and B coefficients - Application of genetic algorithm to
Economic dispatch

Module 4: Hydrothermal co-ordination
Long range and short range hydro scheduling - Hydroelectric Plant models - Scheduling
problems: types of Scheduling problems - Scheduling energy Short term Hydrothermal
Scheduling problem Short term hydro scheduling: A Gradient approach - Pumped storage
hydro plants - Pumped storage hydro scheduling using - iteration.
Unit Commitment: Constraints in unit Commitment - Spinning reserve, thermal unit constraints,
hydro constraints, must run and fuel constraints.
7


References:
1. Singiresu S Rao, J ohn, Engineering Optimization Theory and Practices, 3rd Edition,
Wiley and Sons, 1998.
2. Wood A J and Wollenberg B F, Power Generation, Operation and Control, J ohn Wiley,
1984.
3. Vadhera S S, Power System Analysis and Stability, Khanna Publishers, 1981.
4. Kirchmayer, Economic Operation and Control of Power System, Wiley, 1958.
5. Kothari D P & Dhillon J S, Power System Optimization, Prentice Hall India LTD,
2004.
6. Reklaitis G V, Ravindran A & Rajsdell K M, Engineering Optimization, Methods and
Applications, J ohn Wiley & Sons.
7. Michalewiez Z, Genetic Algorithms +Data Structures=Evolution Programs, Springer
Verlag, Berlin, 1994.
8. Goldberg D E, Genetic Algorithm in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning,
International Students Edition (ISE), I
st
Reprint, Addision Wesley Longman, 1999.













8


MEEPS 103 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN POWER
SYSTEMS
L T P C
3 1 0 4

Module 1: Elementary linear graph theory
Incidence and Network matrices- Development of network matrices from Graph theoretic
approach- Building algorithm for Bus impedance matrix- Modification of Z
Bus
matrix due to
changes in primitive network.

Module 2: Load Flow Studies
Overview of Gauss- Seidel and Newton - Raphson Methods- Decoupled Newton Load Flow-
Fast Decoupled Load Flow-AC/DC load flow- Three phase Load Flow Sparsity techniques
Triangular factorization Optimal ordering Optimal load flow in power Systems.

Module 3: Power system components and their representation
Representation of Synchronous machine, transmission system, three phase power network.
Incorporation of FACTS devices in Load Flow: Static Tap Changing, Phase Shifting (PS), Static
Var Compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator(TCSC) and Unified power
Flow Controller.

Module 4: Short circuit studies
Types of faults-Short circuit study of a large power system-Algorithm for calculating system
conditions after fault-Three phase short circuit, three phase to ground, double line to ground, line
to line and single line to ground fault-Short circuit calculations using Z bus Short circuit
calculations for balanced and unbalanced three phase network using Z-bus.


References:
1. Singh L P, Advanced Power Systems Analysis and Dynamics, New Age Intl.
Publishers, 1983.
2. Stagg and EL Abiad , Computer Methods in Power system Analysis, McGraw Hill,
1968.
3. Kusic G L, Computer Aided Power System Analysis, Prentice Hall, 1986.
4. Hadi Saadat, Power System Analysis, McGraw Hill-1999.
9

5. Arriliga J and Watson N R, Computer Modeling of Electrical Power Systems,
Wiley, 2001.
6. Nagrath J J and Kothari D P, Modern Power system Analysis, Tata McGraw Hill,
1980.





























10


MEEPS 104

ANALYSIS OF POWER ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
L T P C
3 1 0 4


Module 1: Thyristor Convertors
Single phase fully controlled bridge converters- Operation with R, RL, RLE loads- Continuous
and Discontinuous conduction- Input Current- Harmonic analysis of input current- Displacement
factor- Power factor- Effect of source inductance- Three phase convertors- three pulse
convertors- Output voltage waveform- Effect of source inductance- Voltage lost due to source
inductance- Output voltage waveform with and without source inductance.

Module 2: Thyristor Convertors and Choppers
Three phase fully controlled bridge convertor- Effect of source inductance Output voltage
waveform- Input current- Harmonic analysis of input current- Displacement factor- Power
factor- Dual Convertors- Circulating current and Non circulating current mode- Output voltage
waveform and voltage across the reactor using 3 pulse convertors- Chopper- Type A and Type B
Chopper- Analysis of Type A Chopper- Limit of Continuous conduction.

Module 3: AC voltage controllers and Cyclo-converters
Single Phase and Three Phase AC Voltage Controllers- Principle of operation- analysis with R
and RL loads- Thyristor Controlled Inductors, Circulating and Non circulating type cyclo
converters- Analysis with R and RL loads.

Module 4: Inverters
Single phase half bridge and full bridge inverters- Three phase Bridge inverters feeding star
connected resistance load- Output voltage waveform of phase and line voltages- Harmonic
Analysis of output voltage- Methods of voltage control sinusoidal pulse width modulation-
Harmonic elimination- Current source inverters- Single phase and three phase.

References:
1. J oseph Vithayathil, Principles of Power Electronics, Mc-Graw Hill, 1994.
2. William Shepherd, Li Zhang, Power Converter Circuits, Marcell Dekker, 2004.
3. Ned Mohan,Undeland, Robbins, Power Electronics,3rd edition, J ohn Wiley,2003.
11

4. Philip T Krein, Elements of Power Electronics, Oxford, 1998.
5. Issa Batarseh, Power Electronics Circuits, J ohn Wiley, 2004.
6. Cyril W Lander, Power Electronics, Third Edition, Mc-Graw Hill, 1993.
7. Rashid M H, Power Electronics, 3rd Edition,Pearson,2003.
8. Daniel W Hart, Introduction to Power Electronics, Prentice Hall, 1997.




























12

MEEPS 105-1 DYNAMICS OF LINEAR SYSTEMS L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: State space Descriptions and basic concepts
State space representations of Transfer Function Systems - Canonical realizations- Parallel and
cascade realization- Properties of state transition matrix-Transformation of system models-
Solution of time invariant state equations- Vector matrix analysis- Controllability and
observability.
Module 2: Lyapunov Stability Analysis
The concepts of stability- Absolute stability and BIBO stability- Significance of Eigen values of
state matrix- Equilibrium states- Lyapunov stability theorems-Lyapunovs first method- Stability
analysis using second method- Lyapunov function and its properties- Stability analysis of linear
time invariant systems- Examples.

Module 3: Linear state variable feedback systems
Analysis of stabilization by output feedback- Modal controllability- Formulae for feedback gain-
Significance of controllable canonic form-Ackermans formula- Mayne-Murdoch formula- State
feedback and zeros of the transfer function-non controllable realizations and stabilizability-
Controllable and uncontrollable modes-regulator problems-non zero set points and tracking .

Module 4: Asymptotic observers and compensators
Asymptotic observers for state measurement- Open loop observer-closed loop observer-
Formulae for observer gain-calculation of transfer function- Implementation of the observer-
Full order and reduced order observers- Separation principle- Combined observer-controller-
criteria for choosing observer poles
References:
1. Thomas Kailath, Linear System, Prentice Hall, Inc, Eaglewood Cliffs, NJ , 1980.
2. Benjamin C Kuo, Control Systems, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.
3. Gopal M, Control Systems-Principles and Design, Tata McGraw Hill.
4. Richard C Dorf & Robert H Bishop, Modern Control Systems, Addison Wesley,
8
th
edition, 1998.
13

5. Gene K Franklin& J David Powell, Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems,
Addison Wesley, 3
rd
Edition.
6. Friedland B, Control System Design: An Introduction to State Space Methods,
McGraw Hill, N Y 1986.
7. Chidambaram M R and Ganapathy S, An Introduction to the Control of Dynamic
Systems, Sehgal Educational Publishers, 1979.
8. Umez Eronini,System Dynamics & Control, Cengage (Thomson) Publishers.
9. Macia, Modelling and Control of Dynamic Systems, Cengage (Thomson) Publishers.

























14

MEEPS 105-2 DISTRIBUTED GENERATION L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Energy conversion
Introduction -Principle of Renewable energy systems-Technical and social implications. Solar
energy: Overview of solar energy conversion methods -Solar radiation components-collector-
measurements-Estimation- Solar water heating-Calculation-Types-analysis-economics-
Applications;-Solar thermal power generation.
Module 2: Direct energy conversion (DEC)
DEC devices -Photo voltaic system-Solar cells- Cell efficiency- Limitations-PV modules-Battery
backup-System design-Lighting and water pumping applications;

Module 3: Fuel cells and Wind Energy
Fuel cells: Types- Losses in fuel cell- Applications; MHD generators- Application of MHD
generation.
Wind energy: Characteristics-Power extraction- Types of wind machines -Dynamics matching-
Performance of wind generators -Wind mills -Applications- Economics of wind power

Module 4: Biofuels
Classification-Biomass conversion process-Applications; Ocean thermal energy conversion
systems; Tidal and Wave power-Applications; Micro and Mini hydel power. Hybrid Energy
Systems- Implementation- Case study

References:
1. Twidell J N& Weir A D, Renewable Energy Sources, University press, Cambridge.
2. Sukhatme, S.P., Solar Energy -Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage, Tata
McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
3. Kreith F and Kreider J F, Principles of Solar Engineering, Mc-Graw-Hill Book Co.
4. Soo S L, Direct Energy Conversion, Prentice Hall Publication.
5. J ames Larminie, Andrew Dicks, Fuel Cell Systems, J ohn Weily & Sons Ltd.
6. Manwell J F, Mcgowan J G, Rogers A L, Wind Energy Explained, J ohn Weily & Sons
Ltd.
15

7. Chapman and Womack E J , MHD Power Generation Engineering Aspects, Hall
Publication.
8. Rai G D, Non Conventional Energy Sources, Khanna Publications, New Delhi.






























16

MEEPS 105-3 POWER SYSTEM PLANNING L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Introduction to load forecasting
Electric Energy demand Energy growth in India-Energy sources-Power crisis-Future energy
demand-Load forecasting-Classification and characteristic of loads-Approaches to load
forecasting-Methodology-Energy, peak demand forecasting-Weather sensitive and non-weather
sensitive forecast.

Module 2: Generation system reliability analysis
Generation system reliability analysis-Probabilistic generating unit models-Probabilistic load
models-Reliability - Analysis of isolated systems-Interconnected systems-Generation systems
cost analysis Corporate models-Production analysis-Production costing-Energy transactions-
Off peak loading Environmental cost.

Module 3: Transmission system reliability analysis
Transmission system reliability analysis-Deterministic contingency analysis-Probabilistic
transmission system reliability analysis-Capacity state classification Reliability calculation for
single areas-Multi area reliability analysis.

Module 4: Automated transmission system expansion planning
Automated transmission system expansion planning-Automated transmission system planning
concepts-Automated network design-DC method-Automated transmission planning using
iteration graphics

References:
1. Sullivan R .L, Power System Planning, McGrawHill, Newyork, 1977 .
2. Turen Gonen, Electric Power distribution System Engineering, McGrawHill, Newyork,
1986.


17

MEEPS 105-4 POWER SYSTEM MONITORING AND
INSTRUMENTATION
L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Introduction to SCADA
SCADA: Signal processing and conditioning- Transducers- Metering technology An
introduction to supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems.
Introduction to SCADA: Data acquisition systems- Evolution of SCADA- Communication
technologies- Monitoring and supervisory functions- SCADA applications in Utility
Automation- Industries.

Module 2: SCADA System Components
SCADA System Components: Schemes- Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)-Intelligent Electronic
Devices (IED)-Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Communication Network- SCADA
Server- SCADA/HMI Systems.

Module 3: SCADA Architecture
Various SCADA architectures-Advantages and disadvantages of each system - single unified
standard architecture -IEC 61850
SCADA Communication: Various industrial communication technologies -Wired and wireless
methods and fiber optics- Open standard communication protocols

Module 4: Reliable operations basic functional requirements
Reliable operations basic functional requirements: Networking applied to power systems
Online load flow and security analysis State estimation techniques- Automatic load frequency
control- Modern trends in power system monitoring and control.

References:
1. Stwart A Boyer, SCADA: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, ISA Society,
2nd Edition, 1999.
2. Gordan Clarke, Deon Reynders, Practical Modern SCADA Protocols: DNP3, 60870.5
and Related Systems, Newnes Publications, Oxford, UK, 2004.
3. Dr. Khedkar M K, Dr. Dhole G M , A Textbook of Electric power Distribution
Automation.
18

MEEPS 106-1 ANALYSIS OF AC MACHINES L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Introduction
Modelling of machines in terms of electrical and mechanical parameters-Electromagnetic
coupling fields -Volt-ampere and force/torque Displacement equations-Energy and co-energy-
Principle of virtual work.

Module 2: Transformation theory
Stationary, moving and pseudo stationary coils- Primitive machines of iron-Conventional
machines as transformed versions of the primitive machines-Transformation theory as applied to
rotating electrical machines with a symmetrical winding on either stator or rotor -Active and
passive transformation-Power invariancy.

Module 3: Modelling cylindrical rotor and salient pole synchronous machines Dynamic
circuit formulation of different equations of performance - dqo transformation-Steady state and
transient performance equations-Application to various kinds of faults, steady state, transient and
sub-transient reactance and associated time constant-Stability of synchronous machines-Region
of operation chart for non salient pole and salient pole machines

Module 4: Modelling the m-n phase cylindrical rotor induction machine Transformation to
axes fixed to stator-Fixed to rotor or moving at synchronous speed -Symmetrical components
transformation and applications to unbalanced operation of 3 phase and 2 phase induction
machine.
References:
1. Gibbs W.J , Tensors in Electrical Machine Theory,Chapmaan and Hall, 1952.
2. David, White C & Herbert H Hoodsen, Lecture Mechanical Energy Conversion,
J ohn Wiley and Sons Inc, 1959.
3. Laithwaito, E.R, Induction Machines for Special Purposes, Gerge Neunes Ltd, 1966.
4. Charles V Jones, The Unified Theory of Electrical Machines, Butterworths, 1967.
5. Say M G, Introduction to the Unified Theory Electromagnetic Machines, Pitman,1971 .
6. Bernard Atkins and Ronald G Harley, The General Theory of Alternating Current
Machines, Chapman and Hall, 1978.
19

MEEPS 106-2 NONLINEAR CONTROL THEORY L T P C
3 0 0 3
Module 1: Introduction and classical techniques
Characteristics of nonlinear systems - classification of equilibrium points - limit cycles - analysis
of systems with piecewise constant inputs using phase plane analysis. Perturbation techniques-
Periodic orbits - Stability of periodic solutions - singular perturbation model - Slow and fast
manifolds.

Module 2: Stability of Nonlinear Systems
Lyapunov stability - local stability - local linearization and stability in the small- Direct method
of Lyapunov - generation of Lyapunov function for linear and nonlinear systems - variable
gradient method - Centre manifold theorem - region of attraction - Invariance theorems - Input
output stability - L stability - L stability of state models - L2 stability.

Module 3: Harmonic Linearisation and Describing Function Method
Harmonic linearization - filter hypothesis - Sine Input describing function of standard
nonlinearities (Saturation, Dead Zone, ON/OFF Non linearity, Back lash, Hysteresis) - study of
limit cycles.
Feedback Control and Feedback Stabilisation- Analysis of feedback systems- Circle Criterion -
Popov Criterion Concepts of Inverse control-Feedback linearization

Module 4: Model predictive control
Simultaneous Feedback control- Design via linearization- stabilization - regulation via integral
control- gain scheduling - Exact Feedback Linearization - Input state linearization - input output
linearization - state feedback control - stabilization - tracking - integral control.

References:
1. Hassan K Khalil, Nonlinear Systems, Prentice - Hall International (UK), 1996.
2. J J E Slotine & W.LI, Applied Nonlinear Control, Prentice Hall, Englewood Clifs,
New J ersey 1991.
3. Alberto Isidori, Nonlinear Control Systems, Springer Verlag, 1995.
20


MEEPS 106.3 OPTIMAL CONTROL THEORY L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Optimality problems in control Theory
Mathematical models-Selection of performance measures-Constraints-Classification of problem
constraints-Problem Formulation-Examples.

Module 2: Dynamic Programming
Optimal control Law-Principle of Optimality-Application to decision making-Routing Problem
Hamilton J acobi Bellman equations-Discrete and Continuous Linear Regulator Problems.

Module 3: Calculus of Variations
Basic concepts Variation of a Functional-Extremals-Fundamental theorem in calculus of
Variation-Euler equation-Piecewise smooth extremals constrained extrema-Hamiltonian-
necessary condition for optimal control.

Module 4: Pontryagins Minimum Principle
Minimum Time Problems- Minimum Fuel Problems- minimum Energy Problems-Singular
Intervals
References:
1. Donald E. Kirk, Optimal Control Theory: An introduction, Prentice Hall, 1970.
2. Andrew P. Sage, Optimum Systems Control, Prentice Hall, 1977.
3. Athans M & Falb P L, Optimal control-An Introduction to the Theory and its
Applications, McGraw Hill Inc,New York,1966.
4. Hsu & Meyer, Modern Control: Principles and Applications, McGraw Hill, 1968.
5. Brian D. O Anderson, J ohn B Moore, Optimal Control-Linear Quadratic Methods,
Prentice hall, New Delhi,1991.
21


MEEPS 106-4 POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module1: Basic Consideration and Distribution system Layout
Utility load classification Distribution system layout-Classification
Overhead and Under Ground lines: Choice of system Optimum design considerations Design
and construction of overhead lines Underground System Determination of cable rating
Causes of failure Systems fault location
System Over voltages: Causes lightning Protective Devices Travelling waves Protection
schemes.

Module 2: Distribution system planning and Automation
Distribution system planning: Factors affecting power system planning planning process and
block diagram. Load forecasting Classification Trends or regression analysis.
Distribution Automation: Control functions Communication system Consumer Information
Service Geographical Information Systems. SCADA block diagram functions.
Energy Management: Supply Side Management Demand Side Management Technologies
Implementation. Dispersed Generation.

Module 3: Power System reliability
System reliability: Basic reliability concept Cost verses system Reliability Reliability
planning procedure Mathematical concept series and parallel combination Sustained
interruption indices
Power capacitors: Reactive power Effects of series and shunt capacitors Power factor
correction. Distribution transformers Connections of three phase transformers Causes of
failure inspection and maintenance

Module 4: Deregulation of the Electricity Supply Industry
Metering of energy: Types of meters Periodical testing of meters Instantaneous load
measurements using watt-hour meters Rate Structure Automatic meter reading Theft of
electricity Tariffs: classification of tariff.
Grounding: Grounding system earth and safety nature of an earth electrode system design
of earthing electrodes System earthing earth testing.
22

Deregulation of the Electricity Supply Industry: Introduction Typical structure of a vertically
integrated electric utility & deregulated electricity system Different entities in deregulated
Electricity Markets Benefits from a competitive electricity Market.

References:
1. Turan Gonen, Electrical Power Distribution Engineering,Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing
company Ltd, 1986.
2. Pabla A S, Electrical Power Distribution Systems, 5
th
Edition, TMH, 2004.
3. Dr. Khedkar M K, Dr. Dhole G M, A Textbook of Electric Power Distribution
Automation, University Science Press, Delhi, Laxmi Publications, 2010.
4. Luces M. Faulkenberry, Walter Coffer, Electrical Power Distribution and Transmission,
Pearson education, 1996, ISBN978-81-317-0709-8.
5. Colin Bayliss, Transmission and Distribution Engineering, Butterworth Heinemann, 1996.
6. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H. J Bollen, J aap E. Daalder, Operation of Restructured Power
Systems, Kluwer academic publishers, USA,First Edition, 2001.


23


MEEPS 107 POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB L T P C
0 0 3 2
List of Experiments
1. Formation of Bus Admittance Matrix and Bus Impedance Matrix using MATLAB
2. Formation of J acobian for a system not exceeding 4 buses(no PV Buses) in polar
co-ordinates using MATLAB
3. Sequence Components of Power System Network with Single Line to Ground Fault
using MATLAB SIMULINK
4. Modeling of Single Machine Power System using SIMULINK
5. Short circuit studies of power system using ETAP/PSCAD
6. Load flow analysis using Gauss Seidel Method, Newton Raphson Method,
Fast De-coupled for both PQ and PV Buses using ETAP/PSCAD
7. DC Load flow analysis using MATLAB.
8. Simulation & Analysis of magnetic circuits using SIMULINK.
9. Simulation and measurements of Three Phase circuits using SIMULINK.
10. Modelling of Automatic Generation Control for a two area network using SIMULINK.
11. To determine 1) Swing curve 2) Critical clearing time for a single machine connected
to infinite bus through a pair of identical transmission lines, three phase fault on one
of the lines for variation of inertia constant/line parameters/fault locations/clearing
time/pre fault electrical output using MATLAB/C-program
12. Modeling and Simulation of Non Conventional Energy Systems using MATLAB
Optional Experiments
1. Analysis of Static Var Compensators.
2. Analysis of STATCOM.
3. Load forecasting using ETAP
4. Power Quality studies using PSCAD
5. Substation layout using AutoCAD Electrical
6. Transient Stability Analysis and formation of Swing Curves using
MATLAB/SIMULINK
7. Modeling of Surge Arresters using PSCAD
8. Modeling of FACTS devices using SIMULINK
9. Transformer Tests using SIMULINK /ETAP
10. Fault Analysis of a synchronous Generator using PSCAD
24

11. Execute optimal power flow problem using ETAP/PSCAD.
12. Analysis of voltage stability of a SLIB (Single Load Infinite Bus) system while
delivering maximum power using MATLAB.
13. Continuation Power Flow(CPF) analysis using MATLAB
In addition to the above, the Department can offer a few newly developed experiments
























25



MEEPS 108 SEMINAR I L T P C
0 0 2 1
Each student shall present a seminar on any topic of interest related to the core / elective courses
offered in the first semester of the M. Tech. Programme. He / she shall select the topic based on
the references from international journals of repute, preferably IEEE journals. They should get
the paper approved by the Programme Co-ordinator / Faculty member in charge of the seminar
and shall present it in the class. Every student shall participate in the seminar. The students
should undertake a detailed study on the topic and submit a report at the end of the semester.
Marks will be awarded based on the topic, presentation, participation in the seminar and the
report submitted.






















26


MEEPS 201 POWER SYSTEM CONTROL AND SECURITY L T P C
3 1 0 4

Module 1: Active Power and Frequency control
Active Power and Frequency control:-Fundamentals of speed governing-Control of Generating
unit power output-composite regulating characteristic of Power system-Responds rates of
turbine-Governing systems-Fundamentals of Automatic Generation control (AGC) -
implementation of AGC

Module 2: Reactive Power &Voltage control
Reactive Power &Voltage control:-Production and absorption of Reactive power-Methods of
voltage Control-Shunt reactors-Shunt capacitors-series capacitors-synchronous condensers -
Static Var systems-Principles of transmission system compensation Modelling of reactive
compensating devices-Application of tap-changing transformers to transmission systems-
distribution system voltage regulation.

Module 3: Power system security
Power system security: Basic concepts-factors affecting power system security-system
monitoring-security assessment-security enhancement-Power System State Estimation -
Maximum likelihood Weighted-least squares estimation detection and identification of bad
measurements estimation of quantities not being measured network observability pseudo
measurements.

Module 4: Security assessment
Security assessment: Contingency analysis network sensitivity factors contingency selection
performance indices.
Real time control of power system: Real time control of power system under normal, alert,
emergency and restorative modes of operation-Introduction to system monitoring-Basic SCADA
system architecture-Preventive, emergency and restorative control procedures including
principles of Load Shedding and application of under frequency Relays.


27

References:
1. Wood A J , Wollenberg B F, Power Generation Operation and Control, J ohn Wiley and
Sons, 1996.
2. Kundur P, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw Hill, Inc., 1995.
3. Elgerd O, Electrical Energy System Theory and Introduction , Tata McGraw Hill
publishing Co. Ltd., 1992.
4. J ohn D Grainger & William D Stevenson, Power System Analysis, Tata McGraw Hill,
2003.
5. Weedy B M, Cory B J , Electric Power System, John Wiley & Sons.
6. Electric Power System Operation and Management in Restructured Environment, Short
Term Course Material, IIT-Kanpur, J uly 21-25, 2003.
7. Pabla A S, Electric Power Distribution, Tata McGraw Hill, Fifth Edition.
8. Clyde F. Coombs, Printed Circuits Handbook, McGraw Hill, 2007.
9. Richard K. Ulrich &William D. Brown, Advanced Electronic Packaging, 2
nd
Ed.,
Wiley, 2006.
10. Henry W. Ott, Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems, 2
nd
Ed., Wiley,
1998.
11. Henry W Ott, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, Wiley, 2009.
12. Prasad Kodali V., Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility: Principles,
Measurements, Technologies and Computer Models, 2
nd
Ed., Wiley, 2001.
28


MEEPS 202 POWER QUALITY L T P C
3 1 0 4
Module 1: Introduction
Introduction-power quality-voltage quality-overview of power quality phenomena-classification
of power quality issues-power quality measures and standards-THD-TIF-DIN-C-message
weights-flicker factor-transient phenomena-occurrence of power quality problems-power
acceptability curves-IEEE guides, standards and recommended practices.

Module 2: Harmonics
Harmonics-individual and total harmonic distortion-RMS value of a harmonic waveform-triplex
harmonics-important harmonic introducing devices-SMPS-Three phase power converters-arcing
devices-saturable devices-harmonic distortion of fluorescent lamps-effect of power system
harmonics on power system equipment and loads.
Modeling of networks and components under non-sinusoidal conditions-transmission and
distribution systems-shunt capacitors-transformers-electric machines-ground systems-loads that
cause power quality problems-power quality problems created by drives and its impact on drives

Module 3: Power factor improvement
Power factor improvement- Passive Compensation. Passive Filtering. Harmonic Resonance .
Impedance Scan Analysis- Active Power Factor Corrected Single Phase Front End, Control
Methods for Single Phase APFC, Three Phase APFC and Control Techniques, PFC Based on
Bilateral Single Phase and Three Phase Converter.static var compensators-SVC and STATCOM

Module 4: Active Harmonic Filtering
Active Harmonic Filtering-Shunt Injection Filter for single phase , three-phase three-wire and
three-phase four-wire systems . d-q domain control of three phase shunt active filters
uninterruptible power supplies-constant voltage transformers- series active power filtering
techniques for harmonic cancellation and isolation . Dynamic Voltage Restorers for sag, swell
and flicker problems.
Grounding and wiring-introduction-NEC grounding requirements-reasons for grounding-typical
grounding and wiring problems-solutions to grounding and wiring problems.

29

References:
1. Heydt G T, Electric Power Quality .
2. Math H. Bollen, Understanding Power Quality Problems.
3. Arrillaga J , Power System Quality Assessment, J ohn wiley, 2000.
4. Arrillaga J , Smith B C, Watson N R & Wood A R, Power System Harmonic Analysis
, Wiley, 1997.
5. Ashok S, Selected Topics in Power Quality and Custom Power, Course book for
STTP, 2004,
6. Surya Santoso, Wayne Beaty H, Roger C. Dugan, Mark F. McGranaghan, Electrical
Power System Quality , MC Graw Hill, 2002.
30


MEEPS 203 POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND STABILITY L T P C
3 1 0 4

Module 1: Power System Stability and Synchronous machine modeling
Power System Stability: Concept of Power system stability-Types of stability. Synchronous
machine modeling: Synchronous Machine - Mathematical Description of a Synchronous
Machine - Basic equations of a synchronous machine - dq0 Transformation- per unit
representation- equivalent circuits for direct and quadrature axes. Equations of motion - Swing
Equation, H-constant calculation - Representation in system studies.
Module 2: Modeling of other components
Excitation System Modeling - Excitation System Requirements Functional block diagram-
Static Excitation System: hardware block diagram and IEEE (1992) Type ST1A and Type ST2A
models.
Turbine modeling: Functional block diagram of Power Generation and Control Schematic of a
hydroelectric plant Classical transfer function of a hydraulic turbine special characteristic of
hydraulic turbine electrical analogue of hydraulic turbine. Load modeling concepts

Module 3: Small Signal Analysis
Fundamental Concepts of Stability of Dynamic Systems: State-space representation- stability of
dynamic system - Linearisation, Eigen properties of the state matrix eigenvalue and stability -
Small Signal Stability of Single Machine Infinite Bus(SMIB) System: Generator represented by
the classical model
Effect of field flux variation on system stability-Effects of Excitation System - Block diagram
representation with exciter and AVR- Effect of AVR on synchronizing and damping torque
components

Module 4: Power System Stabilizer.
Power System Stabilizer (PSS): State matrix including PSS-Small Signal Stability of Multi
Machine Systems. Special Techniques for analysis of very large systems- Analysis of Essentially
Spontaneous Oscillations in Power Systems (AESOPS) algorithms-Modified Arnoldi Method
(MAM).
31

Small Signal Stability Enhancement: Using Power System Stabilisers-Supplementary control of
Static VAR Compensators


References:
1. Kundur P, Power System Stability and Control, TMH.
2. Anderson and Fouad, Power System Control and Stability, Galgotia Publications,
Compensation 1981.
3. Ramanujam R, Power System Dynamics- Analysis & Simulation, PHI learning Private
Limited.
4. Padiyar K R, Power System Dynamics, 2
nd
Edition, B.S. Publishers, 2003.
5. Sauer P W & Pai M A, Power System Dynamics and Stability, Pearson, 2003.
6. Olle I Elgerd, Electric Energy Systems Theory an Introduction, 2
nd
Edition, McGraw-Hill,
1983.
7. Kimbark E W, Power System Stability, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1994, Wiley & IEEE Press,
1995.
8. Yao-Nan-Yu, Electric Power Systems Dynamics, Academic Press, 1983.















32

MEEPS 204 FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS L T P C
3 1 0 4

Module 1: Introduction to FACTS
Reactive power control in electrical power transmission lines uncompensated line
Shunt compensation and Series compensation: Voltage Stability Improvement of Transient
stability, Power Oscillation damping
Introduction to FACTS - Basic Types of FACTS controller- Brief description and definitions of
FACTS controllers Benefits from FACTS technology.

Module 2: Static Var generators
Variable impedance type Static Var generators Switching Converter type Var generators. Static
Var Compensator (SVC) and Static Compensator (STATCOM): Principle of operation,
configuration and control The Regulation Slope- Transient Stability enhancement and Power
Oscillation damping. Comparison between STATCOM and SVC

Module 3: Series Compensation
Variable Impedance Type series compensators: Thyristor Switched Series Capacitor (TSSC),
Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) - Sub synchronous characteristics- Basic NGH
SSR Damper
Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC): Principle of operation, configuration and
control.

Module 4: Power Flow Controllers
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC): Principle of operation, Conventional Transmission
control capabilities, Comparison of UPFC to Controlled Series Compensators- Control structure.
Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) Basic operating Principles and Characteristics
Generalized and multifunctional FACTS controllers.

References:
1. Miller T J E, Reactive Power Control in Power Systems J ohn Wiley, 1982.
2. Hingorani N G and Gyugyi L, Understanding FACTS IEEE Press, 2000.
3. Song Y H and J ohns A T Flexible ac Transmission Systems (FACTS) IEEE Press,
1999.
33

4. Mohan Mathur R and Rajiv K. Varma, Thyristor based FACTS Controllers for
Electrical Transmission Systems, Wiley Interscience, IEEE Press 2002.
5. Padiyar K.R. Facts Controllers In Power Transmission and Distribution, New Age
International Publishers, J une 2007.


























34


MEEPS 205-1 POWER SYSTEM VOLTAGE STABILITY L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Voltage stability
Voltage stability: Definition-Power system stability classification-Physical phenomenon of
Voltage collapse-Description-Time scales-Reactive power-system changes and Voltage collapse-
maintaining variable voltage levels.

Module 2: Transmission System Aspects
Transmission System Aspects: Single load infinite bus system-Maximum deliverable power-
Lossless transmission-Maximum power-Power voltage relationships-Generator reactive power
requirement-Instability mechanism.
Effect of compensation:-Line series compensation-Shunt compensation-Static VAR
compensator-VQ curves-Effect of adjustable transformer ratio.

Module 3: Generation aspects
Generation aspects: Synchronous machine theory-Physical description-Mathematical
description-dq0 transformation-Motion dynamics.
Frequency and voltage controllers-Frequency control-Automatic voltage regulators-Limiting
devices affecting voltage stability- Over excitation limiters-Description-field current- Armature
current limiters-Capability curves.

Module 4: Load aspects
Load aspects: Voltage dependence of loads- Load characteristics-Exponential load-Polynomial
load. Saddle node bifurcation- Simple power system example (Static and Dynamic).
Static voltage stability methods-Continuation power flow methods-P-V analysis-Modal analysis-
Simple power system example.
References:
1. Van Cutsen T and Vournas C, Voltage Stability of Electric Power Systems, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 1998.
2. Taylor C W, Power System Voltage Stability, McGraw Hill,Inc.,1994.
3. Kundur P, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw Hill, Inc.,1995.

35


Journals:
1. IEEE working Group on Voltage Stability, Voltage Stability Assessment: Concepts,
Practices and Tools,2002.
2. Ajjarapu V, Christy C, The Continuation Power Flow : A Tool for Steady State Voltage
Stability Analysis, IEEE trans. on Power systems7(1), pp 416-423, 1992.



























36

MEEPS 205-2 ELECTRICITY DEREGULATION L T P C
3 0 0 3
Module 1: Introduction to Deregulation
Deregulation: Introduction Different entities in deregulated electric markets- Background to
deregulation and the current situation around the world Benefits from a competitive electricity
market After effects of deregulation Review of economic load dispatch problem (ELD)
Recent development in ELD.

Module 2: Optimal power flow and Unit commitment
Optimal power flow (OPF) Basic OPF model - examples Characteristic features of OPF.
Unit commitment (UC) - basic model, Additional issues - Formation of power pools- The energy
brokerage system.

Module 3: Independent system operator
Independent system operator (ISO)- Role of the ISO- Structure of UK and Nordic electricity
sector deregulation- Operational planning activities of ISO-ISO in pool and bilateral markets-
Operational planning activities of a Genco- Genco in pool and bilateral markets-Market
participation issues UC in deregulated environment Competitive bidding.

Module 4: Power wheeling
Power wheeling: Transmission open access - Cost components in transmission Pricing of
power transactions -Embedded cost based transmission pricing- Incremental cost based
transmission pricing-
Security management in deregulated environment: Scheduling of spinning reserves-Interruptible
load options for security management- Congestion management in deregulation, economic
instruments for handling congestion.


References:
1. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H J Bollen, J aap E Daader, Operation of Restructured
Power Systems, Kluwer academic publishers, USA, first Edition, 2001.
2. Marjia Ilic, Francisco Galiana and Lester Fink, Power systems restructuring engineering
and economics, Kluwer academic publishers, 1998.
3. Zaccour G, Deregulation of Electric Utilities, Kluwar Academic Publisher, 1998
37

4. Wood A J and Woolenberg B F, Power Generation, Operation and Control, J ohn Wiley
and Sons, 1996.



























38


MEEPS 205-3 POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS &
INSULATION COORDINATION
L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Introduction of system transients
Introduction: Classification of system transients-The circuit closing transients-The recovery
transient initiated by the removal of a short circuit-Double frequency transients, Damping-
Resistance switching-Load switching.

Module 2: Transients in three phase circuits
Abnormal switching transients-Current suppression- Capacitance switching-Other restriking
Phenomena- Transients in three phase circuits-Symmetrical component method for solving three
phase switching transients-Transients in DC circuits-HVDC Circuit breaker.

Module 3: Traveling waves
Traveling waves : Transmission line transients-Wave equation-Reflection and refraction of
traveling waves-Line terminations-Lattice Diagram. Traveling waves in distributed parameter
multi-conductor lines, parameters as a function of frequency. Lightning phenomena- Interaction
between lightning and power system -Influence of tower footing resistance and earth resistance.

Module 4: Insulation Coordination
Insulation Coordination: Objective and history Insulation level for power apparatus overvoltage
limiting devices- Dielectric properties- Breakdown of gaseous insulation-Tracking and erosion
of insulation- High current arcs.


References:
1. Allan Greenwood, Electrical Transients in Power Systems, Wiley Interscience, New York.
2. Vanikov,Power System Transients .
3. Indulkar C S and Kothari D P, Power System Transients .
4. Flurscheim C.H, Power Circuit Breaker Theory and Design .
5. Kreuger F H, Discharge Detection in High Voltage Equipment, Temple press Ltd.
London, 1964.
39

6. Butterworth London, Insulation Coordination in High Voltage Electrical Power
Systems.
7. Dieter Kind, An introduction to HV Experimental Techniques, Wlisey Eastern.
8. Arriliga J and Watson N R, Computer Modeling of Electrical Power Systems, Wiley,
2001.




























40


MEEPS 205-4 ADVANCED RELAYING AND PROTECTION L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Protective Relaying
Definitions - Functions and functional characteristics- Sensitivity, Selectivity, Speed and
Reliability - Codes and Standards and basic relay terminology - Classification Analog, Digital
and Numerical - Schemes and design - Factors affecting performance Zones and degree of
protection - Faults - Types and effects Operating principles and relay construction
Electromagnetic Thermal, Static and Microprocessor based relays Quality of relays
Instrument Transformers for protection Current and Voltage transformers Ratio and Phase
angle errors Transient errors in CT

Module 2: Basic relay units
Basic relay units: Sequence networks - Fault sensing - Data processing units- FFT and Wavelet
based algorithms
Comparators: Amplitude and Phase Comparators - Duality Vector product and Coincidence
type phase comparators - Zero Crossing/Level Defectors - Relay Schematics and Analysis -
Over Current Relay microprocessor implementation - Instantaneous/Inverse Time Current
setting and Time setting - IDMT Characteristics - Directional Relays - Differential Relays-
Restraining Characteristics - Distance Relays - Types and Characteristics

Module 3: Protection of Power System Equipments
Protection of Power System Equipments : Generator and Transformer Units Interturn faults
and protection Application of transformer protection - Transmission Systems, Busbars and
Motors - Pilotwire and Carrier Current Schemes - System grounding Ground faults and
protection- Load shedding and frequency relaying - Out of step relaying - Reclosing and
synchronizing

Module4: Advanced Relaying and Protection Schemes
Numerical Relays: Characteristics - Functional Diagrams - Architecture and algorithms -
Microprocessor & DSP based relays - Sampling Aliasing and filter principles
Integrated and multifunction protection Schemes : SCADA based protection systems-
41

Components and functions FTA details Testing of Relays Implementation of Self
diagnostic functions HV and environment testing.

References:
1. Mason C R, The art and science of protective relaying, J ohn Wiley &sons.
2. Warrington A R, Protective Relays, Vol .1&2, Chapman and Hall.
3. Madhav Rao T S, Power System Protection Static Relays with Microprocessor
Applications, Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
4. Power System Protection Vol. I, II , III&IV, THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERS, Electricity Association Services Ltd., 1995.
5. Helmut ungrad , Wilibald Winkler, Andrzej Wiszniewski, Protection Techniques in
Electrical Energy Systems, Marcel Dekker, Inc.
6. Badri Ram , Vishwakarma D N, Power System Protection and Switch Gear, Tata
McGraw Hill.
7. Blackburn, Lewis J , Protective Relaying, Principles and Applications, Marcel Dekker,
Inc., 1986.
8. Anderson, P.M, Power System Protection, McGraw-Hill, 1999.
9. Singh L.P, Digital Protection, Protective Relaying from Electromechanical to
Microprocessor, J ohn Wiley & Sons, 1994.
10. Wright. A. and Christopoulos.C, Electrical Power System Protection, Chapman &
Hall, 1993.
11. Walter A. Elmore, Blackburn J L, Protective Relaying Theory and Applications, ABB
T&D Co. Marcel Dekker, Inc.
12. Arun G. Phadke, J ames S. Thorp, Computer Relaying for Power Systems, Marcel
Dekker, Inc.
13. Paithankar Y G, Bhide S R, Fundamentals of Power System Protection, PHI Learning
Private Limited.
14. Handbook of Switchgears, Bharath Heavy Electricals.
15. DR. Khedkar M K, DR. Dhole G M, A Textbook of Electric Power Distribution
Automation, University Science Press, Delhi, Laxmi Publications, 2010.


42


MEEPS 206-1 SOFTCOMPUTING TECHNIQUES IN POWER
SYSTEMS
L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Theory of Fuzzy sets
Classical sets, Fuzzy setsProperties of fuzzy sets, Operations on fuzzy sets-Classical relations
and Fuzzy relations-Tolerance and Equivalence Relations-Fuzzy Tolerance and Equivalence
Relations- Operations on fuzzy relations-The Extension principle-Membership Function:
Features of membership functions-various forms Fuzzification - Membership value
assignments-Intuition, Inference, Rank ordering.

Module 2: Fuzzy logic and Fuzzy Inference system
Lambda-cuts for fuzzy sets- Lambda-cuts for fuzzy relations-Defuzzification methods- Classical
predicate logic-Fuzzy logic-Approximate reasoning-Fuzzy Tautologies-Contradictions-
Equivalence and logical proofs-Implication operation- Composition operation.

Module 3: Artificial Neural Networks
Biological Neural Networks-Architecture of neural network- Activation Functions-McCulloch-
Pitts neuron model
Learning Process- Error correction learning-Memory based learning- Hebbian learning-
Competitive learning- Boltzman- Supervised and Unsupervised learning

Module 4: Genetic Algorithm
Back propagation net-Standard back propagation-Architecture, algorithm Derivation of
learning rules-Number of hidden layers-Learning factors.
Genetic Algorithm: Basic Concepts- Biological background- Creation of Off springs- Working
principle- Encoding- Fitness function- reproduction- Cross over- Mutation Application of
Genetic algorithm to Economic Load Dispatch.




43

References:
1. Driankov D, Hellendoorn H, Reinfrank M,An Introduction to Fuzzy Control, Narosa
Publishing Company, New Delhi,1996.
2. Lawrene Fausett,Fundementals of Neural Networks, Prentice Hall,1994.
3. J ames Kennedy, Russell, Eberhar T C ,YuhuI Shi,Swarm Intelligence, Morgan, March
2001.
4. TimothY J RosE, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, Mc Graw-Hill,New
York,1996.
5. Simon Haykin,Neural Networks, Mc Millan College Publishing Co., New York,1994.
6. ZuradA J M,Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems, J aico publishing
house,Delhi,1994.
7. Bonabeau E, Dorigo M, TheraulaZ G, Swarm Inteligence:From Natural to Artificial
Systems, Oxford University Press, New York,1999.




















44

MEEPS 206-2 EHV AC & DC TRANSMISSION L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Analysis of long line theory
Long line theory- long distance transmission problems-corona power loss- Charge Voltage
Diagram with corona-Attenuation of travelling waves due to corona- Audible noise: Generation
and characteristics-Limits for audible noise- AN measurement and Meters-Relation between
single phase and three phase AN levels- day Night Equivalent Noise level. Radio Interference
RIV and excitation functions: Generation and properties of corona pulses-Limits for radio
interference fields- The CIGRE Formula- Rules for addition of RI levels of three phases-S/CS
Line-Rules for addition of RI Levels for a D/C Line

Module 2: Over voltages
Sequential impedances of AC systems -EHVAC transmission over voltages- Short Circuit
Current and The Circuit Breaker- Recovery voltage and Circuit breaker-Over voltages caused by
interruption of Low induction current-Interruption of Capacitive currents-Ferro resonance.
Over voltages- Calculation of switching surges-single phase equivalents. Reduction of
switching surges on EHV systems - High voltage testing of AC equipments: Measurement of
High Voltages- Voltage dividers-High speed oscilloscope-Peak voltmeter and sphere gap-
Digital Recorder-Measurement of Partial Discharge.-Layout of EHV Laboratory

Module 3: Introduction to HVDC system
Comparison of EHV AC & DC transmission -HVDC system configuration and components -
conversion and inversion- Analysis of three phase bridge converter and Performance equations -
abnormal operations of converter.

Module 4: Control of HVDC system
Control of HVDC system- Principle of DC link control- current and Extinction angle control
power and reactive power control- alternative inverter control modes. Harmonics and AC/DC
filters- Influence of AC system strength on AC/DC system interaction. Responses to DC and AC
system faults

45


References:
1. Begemudre R.D, EHVAC Transmission Engineering, Willy Eastern Ltd.
2. Kundur P, Power System Stability and Control, Mc Graw Hill Publication.
3. Arrillaga J , HVDC Transmission, Peter Peregrinus Pub.
4. Rao S, EHV AC & HVDC Transmission Systems, Khanna Publishers.
5. Padiyar K.R., HVDC Power Transmission Systems, Willy Eastern Ltd.


























46

MEEPS 206-3 POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Concept of reliability
Non-repairable components- Hazard models- Components with preventive maintenance-Ideal
repair and preventive maintenance- Repairable components- Normal repair and preventive
maintenance.

Module 2: System reliability
System reliability: Monotonic structures-Reliability of series-parallel structures, the r out of n
configuration- the decomposition methods- Minimal tie and cut method- State space method of
system representation- System of two independent components-Two components with dependent
failures- Combining states- Non-exponential repair times failure effects analysis- State
enumeration method- Application to non-repairable systems.

Module 3: Other methods of system reliability
Other methods of system reliability: Fault free analysis- Monte Carlo simulation- Planning for
reliability- Outage definitions- Construction of reliability models.
Generating capacity reserve evaluation- Generation model, Probability of capacity deficiency,
Frequency and duration method, Comparison of the reliability indices, Generation expansion
planning, Uncertainties in generating unit failure rates and in load forecasts. Operating reserve
evaluation-State space representation of generating units, Rapid start and hot-reserve units,
Security function approach.

Module 4: Bulk power system reliability
Interconnected systems: Two connected systems with independent loads-Two connected system
with correlated loads-More than two systems interconnected.
Bulk power system reliability: Load flow analysis-DC load flow- Effect of variable system load-
Weather effects on transmission lines- Two-weather Markov model-Common model failures-
Evaluation of large system-Monte Carlo simulation.
47

References:
1. EndrenyI J , Reliability modeling in electric power systems, J ohn Wiley & Sons.
2. Singh C. and Billiton R.,System reliability modeling and evaluation, Hutchinston
London, 1977.

























48



MEEPS 206-4 ENERGY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3

Module 1: Energy conservation management
Energy conservation management: The relevance of energy management profession-General
principles of energy management and energy management planning-Application of Paretos
model for energy management-Obtaining management support-Establishing energy data base
Conducting energy audit-identifying, evaluating and implementing feasible energy conservation
opportunities-Energy audit report; -monitoring, evaluating and following up energy saving
measures/ projects.

Module 2: Energy management
Energy management: Energy management of process energy- Principles-Opportunities-Case
studies-Management of electrical load and lighting - Management opportunities with electric
drives-Lighting, heating and electrolytic systems-Electrical load analysis-Peak demand control-
Computer-aided energy management-Cogeneration-Forms of cogeneration-Feasibility study for
cogeneration.

Module 3: Energy efficiency
Energy efficiency: Energy efficiency analysis-Thermodynamics-energy-coefficient of
performance-Energy effectiveness-Management of heating, ventilating and air-conditioning
(HVAC) Principles-Opportunities-Case studies.
Energy efficiency of turbines: Compressors and pumps (brief treatment only)-Specific energy
consumption-Parameters affecting specific energy consumption-Flexi targeting technique.

Module 4: Energy economics
Energy economics: Financial evaluation of energy projects-Cash flow model-Time value of
money-Evaluation of proposals - Payback method, Average rate of return method, Internal rate
of return method, Present value method, Profitability index, Life cycle costing approach,
Investment decision and uncertainty; Consideration of income taxes, Depreciation and inflation
in investment analysis.

49



References:
1. Charles M Gottschalk, Industrial energy conservation, J ohn Wiley & Sons, 1996.
2. Craig B Smit, Energy management principles, Pergamon Press.
3. IEEE Recommended Practice for Energy Management in Industrial and Commercial
Facilities, IEEE std 739 1995 (Bronze book).
4. Rajan G G, Optimizing energy efficiencies in industry,Tata McGraw Hill, Pub. Co.,
2001.
5. Paul O Callaghan, Energy management,McGraw Hill Book Co.
6. Wayne C Turner, Energy management Hand Book,The Fairmount Press, Inc, 1997.
7. Rao S & Parulekar B B, Energy Technology,Khanna Publishers, 1999.





















50


MEEPS 207 POWER SYSTEM LABORATORY L T P C
0 0 3 2

List of Experiments
1. Measurement of output voltage of cascade transformer using,
i. Voltage divider method
ii. Sphere gap method
2. Generation of impulse voltage waveform
3. String efficiency of string of suspension insulators.
4. Power frequency testing of lightning arresters, insulators, fuses, AB Switches etc.
5. Measurement of dielectric strength of solid and liquid insulating materials.
6. Determine the characteristic, pick-up time etc of electromagnetic relay & static relay.
7. Measurement of transient & sub transient reactance of synchronous machines
8. Determine the following for a long transmission line.
a) Voltage regulation of the transmission line
b) Ferranti effect demonstration
c) Voltage and Current profile of EHVAC Transmission line under no load
condition
d) ABCD parameter evaluation
9. Plot the IDMT/IMT characteristics of Over current relay, Earth fault relay ,Over voltage
relay and Under voltage relay
10. Plot the functional performance characteristics of the relay
11. Plot the performance characteristics for distance relay for the feeder protection.

In addition to the above, the Department can offer a few newly developed experiments







51

MEEPS 208 SEMINAR II L T P C
0 0 2 1
Each student shall present a seminar on any topic of interest related to the core / elective courses
offered in the second semester of the M. Tech. Programme. He / she shall select the topic based
on the references from international journals of repute, preferably IEEE journals. They should
get the paper approved by the Programme Co-ordinator / Faculty member in charge of the
seminar and shall present it in the class. Every student shall participate in the seminar. The
students should undertake a detailed study on the topic and submit a report at the end of the
semester. Marks will be awarded based on the topic, presentation, participation in the seminar
and the report submitted.
52


MEEPS 301 INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AND MINIPROJECT L T P C
0 0 20 10
The student shall undergo (1) Industrial training of 3 month duration OR (2) Industrial training
of one month duration and a Mini Project of two month duration.. Industrial training should be
carried out in an industry / company approved by the institution and under the guidance of a staff
member in the concerned field. At the end of the training he / she has to submit a report on the
work being carried out. He/she should also submit mini project report.


MEEPS 302 MASTERS THESIS PHASE - I L T P C
0 0 10 5
The thesis (Phase - I) shall consist of research work done by the candidate or a comprehensive
and critical review of any recent development in the subject or a detailed report of project work
consisting of experimentation / numerical work, design and or development work that the
candidate has executed.
In Phase - I of the thesis, it is expected that the student should decide a topic of thesis, which is
useful in the field or practical life. It is expected that students should refer national &
international journals and proceedings of national & international seminars. Emphasis should be
given to the introduction to the topic, literature survey, and scope of the proposed work along
with some preliminary work / experimentation carried out on the thesis topic. Student should
submit two copies of the Phase - I thesis report covering the content discussed above and
highlighting the features of work to be carried out in Phase II of the thesis. Student should
follow standard practice of thesis writing. The candidate will deliver a talk on the topic and the
assessment will be made on the basis of the work and talks there on by a panel of internal
examiners one of which will be the internal guide. These examiners should give suggestions in
writing to the student to be incorporated in the Phase II of the thesis.
53


MEEPS 401 MASTERS THESIS L T P C
0 0 30 15
In the fourth semester, the student has to continue the thesis work and after successfully
finishing the work, he / she have to submit a detailed thesis report. The work carried out should
lead to a publication in a National / International Conference. They should have submitted the
paper before M. Tech. evaluation and specific weightage should be given to accepted papers in
reputed conferences.



MEEPS 402 MASTERS COMPREHENSIVE VIVA

A comprehensive viva-voce examination will be conducted at the end of the fourth semester by
an internal examiner and external examiners appointed by the university to assess the candidates
overall knowledge in the respective field of specialization.