BRITISH STANDARD

BS EN
447:2007
Grout for prestressing
tendons Basic
requirements
The European Standard EN 447:2007 has the status of a
British Standard
ICS 91.100.10; 91.100.30
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BS EN 447:2007
This British Standard was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee
on 30 November 2007
BSI 2007
ISBN 978 0 580 55814 6
National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 447:2007. It supersedes
BS EN 447:1997 which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/2,
Structural use of concrete.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Comments
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPENNE
EUROPISCHE NORM
EN 447
October 2007
ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 447:1996
English Version
Grout for prestressing tendons - Basic requirements
Coulis pour cble de prcontrainte - Prescriptions pour les
coulis courants
Einpressmrtel fr Spannglieder - Allgemeine
Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMI T EUROPEN DE NORMALI SATI ON
EUROPI SCHES KOMI TEE FR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref. No. EN 447:2007: E
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EN 447:2007 (E)
2
Contents Page
Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................4
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................6
2 Normative references............................................................................................................................6
3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................6
4 Materials .................................................................................................................................................6
4.1 Cement ....................................................................................................................................................6
4.2 Water .......................................................................................................................................................7
4.3 Admixtures .............................................................................................................................................7
4.4 Additions ................................................................................................................................................7
5 Batching and mixing of grout...............................................................................................................7
6 Properties of grout.................................................................................................................................8
6.1 General....................................................................................................................................................8
6.2 Sieve test ................................................................................................................................................8
6.3 Fluidity ....................................................................................................................................................8
6.4 Bleeding..................................................................................................................................................9
6.5 Volume change ......................................................................................................................................9
6.6 Strength ..................................................................................................................................................9
6.7 Setting time ............................................................................................................................................9
6.8 Density....................................................................................................................................................9
7 Evaluation of conformity.....................................................................................................................10
7.1 Production control...............................................................................................................................10
7.2 Initial type testing ................................................................................................................................10
7.3 Audit testing.........................................................................................................................................11
Bibliography......................................................................................................................................................13

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EN 447:2007 (E)
3
Foreword
This document (EN 447:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 Concrete and
related products, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2008.
This document supersedes EN 447:1996.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
4
Introduction
In post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction, the grouting of tendons is an important operation. The
intention of this European Standard is to provide basic requirements for the approval of cement grouts,
compliance with which will satisfy the requirements in prEN 13670.
The main function of grouting is to:
Provide protection to the prestressing steel against corrosion;
Provide a bond between the prestressing steel and the ducts where required for the design of the
structure;
Allow transfer of compressive stresses in the structure in a direction transverse to internal tendons;
Fill all voids where water may accumulate and cause frost damage.
The testing regimes anticipated by this European Standard include three levels:
(1) Initial type and audit testing in accordance with this European standard;
(2) Suitability testing for confirmation of the selected grout for a specific project in accordance with EN 446;
(3) Inspection during grouting works on a specific project in accordance with EN 446.
The test methods for each of the regimes are given in EN 445.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
5



System of CEN and EOTA documents as basis for design, execution and materials selection for protective
measures of prestressing systems (only main modules).
EN 1992
Eurocode 2:Design of concrete structures
prEN 13670
Execution of concrete structures
ETAG 013
Post-tensioning kits for prestressing
of structures
EN 446
Grout for prestressing tendons
Grouting procedures
EN 447
Grout for prestressing tendons
Basic requirements
EN 445
Grout for prestressing tendons
Test methods
CEN Workshop Agreement
CWA 14646
Requirements for the installation of post-tensioning kits
for prestressing of structures and qualification of
specialist company and its personnel.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
6

1 Scope
This European Standard covers the materials that may be used in the manufacture of cement grouts and the
required properties and composition of the grout. It is applicable to grouting of tendons in all types of
structures including bridges and buildings.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness
EN 197-1, Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements
EN 206-1:2000, Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity
EN 445, Grout for prestressing tendons Test methods
EN 446, Grout for prestressing tendons Grouting procedures
EN 934-2, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 2: Concrete admixtures - Definitions,
requirements, conformity, marking and labelling
EN 934-4, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 4: Admixtures for grout for prestressing tendons
Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling
EN 1008, Mixing water for concrete Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water,
including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete
EN 13263 (all parts), Silica fume for concrete
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
grout
homogeneous mixture of cement and water, it may contain admixtures and additions
3.2
tendon
assembly of prestressing steel and sheath with anchorages and all necessary auxiliary components to permit
grouting, either placed internally or externally to the concrete structure
4 Materials
4.1 Cement
Cement shall comply with EN 197-1 type CEM I (portland cement) or any other type of cement permitted for
grouting of tendons in the place of use of the grout. The cement type shall be declared.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
7
4.2 Water
Water shall comply with EN 1008.
4.3 Admixtures
Admixtures shall comply with EN 934-4 or EN 934-2. It shall be permissible to use admixtures singly or in
combination. Admixtures shall only be used according to the admixture manufacturers instructions.
4.4 Additions
Grout complying with this standard may contain silica fume. The silica fume shall comply with EN 13263.
If permitted in the place of use grout may contain other additions intended for the use in concrete in
accordance with section 5 of EN 206-1:2000. The type and amount of additions shall be declared.
5 Batching and mixing of grout
Materials may be batched and mixed on site to fabricate grout. Alternatively, the dry materials may be batched
in a factory for ready-mixed grout and mixed with the liquid materials on site to fabricate grout.
All materials shall be batched by mass except the mixing water and liquid admixtures which may be batched
by mass or volume. The accuracy of batching shall be
2 % for cement, dry admixtures and additions,
1 % for water and liquid admixtures,
of the quantities specified.
Water contained in liquid admixtures shall be included in the calculation of w/c ratio.
All pozzolanic materials used as separate ingredients shall be included in the calculation of w/c ratio in
accordance with the procedures in EN 206-1.
Mixing shall be carried out mechanically with suitable equipment to obtain a homogeneous and stable grout
with the plastic properties given in Clause 6.
For any grout fabricated in accordance with this European standard the following information shall be declared
by the grout manufacturer:
mix proportions of materials:
w/c ratio and its acceptable tolerance;
sequence of introducing the materials, type of mixer and mixing time;
range of temperature for which the grout complies with this European standard.
NOTE 1 Grouts complying with this standard will normally have a w/c ratio below 0,4.
NOTE 2 EN 446 requires suitability testing to be carried out using the same type of mixing equipment as to be used for
the actual project operations. Hence, it is preferable to also use the same type of equipment for all testing as far as
possible.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
8
6 Properties of grout
6.1 General
The grout shall not contain more than:
Chloride (Cl
-
) 0,10 % by weight of cement;
Sulfate (SO
3

2-
) 4,5 % by weight of cement;
Sulfide-ions (S
2-
) 0,01 % by weight of cement.
These values are the summation of the chloride, sulfates, sulfites and sulfurs occurring in the constituent
materials. Deliberate addition of chloride or sulfate is not permitted.
Grout shall comply with the requirements given in 6.2 to 6.8 for:
sieve test;
fluidity;
bleeding;
volume change;
strength;
setting time;
fluid density.
Testing shall be in accordance with EN 445.
Other test methods may be used if the correlation or safe relationship between the results of these test
methods and the reference methods of EN 445 have been established.
The performance requirements of 6.2 to 6.8 shall be satisfied for the range of conditions of temperature as
declared by the grout manufacturer.
For pre-bagged grout, the range of temperature shall be stated on the package or accompanying records.
6.2 Sieve test
Grout shall be tested according to EN 445 and no lump shall remain in the sieve.
6.3 Fluidity
The fluidity of the grout during the injection period shall be measured by either one of the methods given in
EN 445 and the grout shall have the values given in Table 1.
Fluidity should not change by more than 20 % from immediately after mixing to 30 min after mixing or any later
time specified by the grout manufacturer.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
9
Table 1 Fluidity test requirements
Test method
given in EN 445
Immediately after
mixing
30 min after mixing
1)
or at the time
specified by the grout
manufacturer
Cone
Grout spread
Time (in s)
a = average spread (in
mm)
t0 25 s
a0 140 mm
1,2 t0 t30 0,8 t0 and t30 25 s
1,2 a0 a30 0,8 a0 and a30 140 mm
1)
Mixing time shall be measured from the time when all materials are in the mixer.

NOTE Fluidity measurements immediately after mixing are denominated t0 (cone method) and a0 (grout spread
method), fluidity measurements made 30 minutes after mixing, i.e. 30 minutes after the first measurements, are
denominated t30 and a30. Grout shall be kept constantly in motion until sampling for measurement of t30 and a30.
6.4 Bleeding
The bleeding of the grout shall be sufficiently low to prevent excessive segregation and sedimentation of the
grout materials.
When tested by the wick induced method given in EN 445 for the average of three results the bleeding shall
not exceed 0,3 % of the initial volume of the grout after 3 h kept at rest.
When tested by the inclined tube test method given in EN 445 the bleeding shall not exceed 0,3 % of the initial
volume of the grout after 3 h kept at rest.
6.5 Volume change
The volume change assessed may be either an increase or decrease. When tested in accordance with the
method given in EN 445 the volume change of the grout at rest for 24 h shall be within the range of - 1 % and
+ 5 %.
6.6 Strength
The compressive strength of grout assessed according to EN 445 shall be not less than 30 N/mm
2
at 28 days
or 27 N/mm
2
at 7 days if it is proposed to estimate the likely 28 day strength at 7 days.
6.7 Setting time
Setting time of grout shall be measured according to EN 196-3 and shall comply with the following:
Initial set of the grout; 3 h.
Final set of the grout; 24 h.
6.8 Density
Fluid density shall be measured in accordance with the method given in EN 445 and shall be declared.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
10
7 Evaluation of conformity
7.1 Production control
The grout manufacturer shall exercise internal control of the grout fabrication. The requirements shall be
documented. This requirement applies to grout dry-batched in a factory and to grout batched on site. Type
and frequency of checks shall be considered as a function of the production process.
Incoming materials shall be checked for compliance with the specification. CE marked materials shall be
assumed satisfactory and need, except in case of justified doubt, no further checking.
Products, which are considered as not conforming, shall be immediately marked and separated from such
products, which comply.
7.2 Initial type testing
Initial type testing shall be performed for any grout well before any use on a project under the following
conditions:
for each new grout mix design;
when there is a change in the materials used for the grout which is likely to have a significant effect on the
performance of the grout;
if the grout is intended to be used in a temperature range for which no prior initial testing has been
performed.
The properties, test methods and the minimum number of tests for the initial type testing are specified in
Table 2.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
11

Table 2 Extent of initial type testing
Property Test Method
1)
Minimum number of tests
Homogeneity Sieve test 1 test
Cone method

Fluidity
Grout Spread

1 test immediately after mixing
2 tests 30 min after mixing

Wick Induced
2)
3 tests Bleeding
Inclined Tube 1 test (two tubes)
Volume
Change
Wick Induced
2)
3 tests
Compressive
strength
Broken halves of
prisms
1 test (two halves)
Setting time EN 196-3 1 test
Density Weight to volume 1 test immediately after mixing
1)
Testing shall be in accordance with EN 445. Other test methods may be used if the
correlation or safe relationship between the results of these test methods and the
reference methods of EN 445 have been established.

2)
Tests for bleeding and volume change are performed on the same sample.


Fluidity, wick-induced bleeding, setting time and density shall be tested for the minimum and
maximum temperature of the declared temperature range, and for the reference temperature of
(20 3) C. However, if the minimum and maximum are within 15 C or less and centred
approximately around 20 C, then testing at the reference temperature of (20 3) C shall be
considered sufficient. Other tests are carried out only at the reference temperature.
7.3 Audit testing
During ongoing fabrication of a particular grout, audit testing shall be performed in regular intervals to
confirm the validity of the results of the initial type testing. Audit testing of grout at the reference
temperature of (20 3) C shall be considered acceptable.
Results of suitability testing of the same grout on projects in accordance with EN 446 may be
considered as part of the audit testing.
The properties, test methods and the minimum test frequencies for the audit testing are specified in
Table 3.
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EN 447:2007 (E)
12



Table 3 Extent of audit testing
Property Test Method
1)
Minimum test frequency
Number of tests per year
3)

Homogeneity Sieve test 4 tests
Cone method

Fluidity
Grout Spread

4 tests immediately after mixing
8 tests 30 min after mixing

Wick Induced
2)
6 tests Bleeding
Inclined Tube 1 test (two tubes)
Volume
Change
Wick Induced
2)
6 tests
Compressive
strength
Broken halves of
prisms
3 tests (two halves)
Setting time EN 196-3 1 test
Density Weight to volume 4 tests immediately after mixing
1)
Testing shall be in accordance with EN 445. Other test methods may be used if the
correlation or safe relationship between the results of these test methods and the
reference methods of EN 445 have been established.
2)
Tests for bleeding and volume change are performed on the same sample.
3)
Tests shall be done at reasonably regular intervals during the year.



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EN 447:2007 (E)
13
Bibliography
[1] prEN 13670, Execution of concrete structures

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BS EN
447:2007
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London
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