‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺷﻨﮑﻮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬

‫ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ‬

‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺁﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﯽ‪ ،١‬ﻣﻬﺪﯼ ﺭﺍﻏﺒﯽ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮑﺪﺓ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻴﮏ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪E-mail: [email protected]‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ‪۰۲۱ – ۷۳۹۱۲۹۲۲ :‬‬

‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺷﻨﮑﻮ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﻭﺟﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ‐ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﺸﻲ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻗﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﻢ ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﯼ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺳﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﻮﻣﺎﺭﮎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﯼ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﯽ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﯽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﻳﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺷﻨﮑﻮ ‐ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ‐ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﯼ‐ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ‬
‫‪r:‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬ ‫‪A:‬‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫‪ra :‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪b:‬‬ ‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫‪rb :‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪C1 − C10 :‬‬ ‫ﺛﻮﺍﺑﺖ ﺗﻴﺮﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ ‪ ١‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‬
‫‪r0 :‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺭ ﺧﻨﺜﺎﻱ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪E:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﺴﻴﺘﻪ‬
‫‪r1 :‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪Fv :‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫‪u:‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪Fu :‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫‪v:‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪g:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ) ‪(9.8 m / s 2‬‬
‫‪Gi :‬‬ ‫ﺛﻮﺍﺑﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪G:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ‬
‫‪γ:‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪h:‬‬ ‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫‪ρ:‬‬ ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫‪µ:‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭘﻮﺍﺳﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪I:‬‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ‪ r‬ﻣﻲﮔﺬﺭﺩ‬
‫‪ψ:‬‬ ‫ﮐﺮﻧﺶ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪k:‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﺮﺵ‬
‫‪ω:‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪M:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺧﻤﺸﻲ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫‪θ:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺍﯼ‬
‫‪ ‐۱‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫‪ ‐۲‬ﮐﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨــﺎﯼ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﺼــﺎﺕ ﮐــﺎﺭﺗﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠــﯽ ﺑــﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻧـﮓ ﺷـﻴﺎﻧﮓ ﻭﻭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﮑـﺎﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻳـﺎ ﺩﻳﻨـﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩﻫـﺎﻱ ﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ‬
‫]‪ ، [4‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﯽ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷـﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻـﻔﺤﻪﺍﯼ ﺗﻴـﺮ ﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻨﮕﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻨﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﻭ ﭘﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺁﻫﻦ‬
‫ﮐﻼﺳﻴﮏ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺍﻭﻳﻠﺮ‐ ﺑﺮﻧﻮﻟﯽ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘـﻪﺍﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺮﺟـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﭘﺮﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺟﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ ﺑـﺎﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺛـﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﯼ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺴـﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻋـﺪﺩﯼ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳﯽ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﯽ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻓﻘﻂ ﺑـﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﮔـﺬﺍﺭﯼ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣـﺪﻝ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺑـﺎﺭﻣﺘﺤﺮﮎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﮐﻤﺘـﺮ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﺘﻴـﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﮑـﺎﺭﺵ ]‪ ، [5‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﮔﻲ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻡ ﻭﺳﻔﺘﯽ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﻭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻟﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﺎﺑﺠـﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﯼ ﺷـﻌﺎﻋﯽ ﻭ ﻣﻤﺎﺳـﯽ ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﮑﻲ ﺍﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻟﺒﻨﺪﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺗـﺮﻱ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪ [5‬ﺗﻮﺍﺑـﻊ ﺟﺎﺑﺠـﺎﻳﻲ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺷﮑﻞ ﺗﻮﺍﺑـﻊ ﺗـﻮﺍﻧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺘﺼـﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺤﻨـﯽ ﺍﻟﺨـﻂ ‪ s‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳﯽ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﯽ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘـﺮﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﺷـﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺫﮐـﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺫﮐﺮﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻـﻔﺤﻪﺍﯼ ﺗﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ]‪ [3‬ﻭ]‪ [2‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳـﻔﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺩﻳـﻮﻳﺲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﮑـﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ ]‪ ،[1‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ ﺳـﻔﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺟـﺮﻡ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ ﺳـﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪﯼ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﺍﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺷـﻨﮑﻮ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﺗﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ‐ ﺟﺎﺑـﻪﺟـﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻌـﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻧـﺮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﺸﻲ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ]‪ [1‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ]‪ [6‬ﻭ]‪ [7‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﮐﺎﺭﺗﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﮐﻤـﮏ ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ؛ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺍﺟــﻊ ]‪ [1‬ﻭ]‪ [2‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴــﻬﺎﻱ ﺳــﻔﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺟــﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻲ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﺘﻴﮑـﻪ ﺷـﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻧﺤﻨـﺎﻱ ﺗﻤـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ‐ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﮐﻤـﮏ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺟﻨﺒﺸﻲ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳـﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﮑـﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴـﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﻠـﻲﮐـﺎﺭﺗﺰﻳﻦ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼـﺎﺕ ﻋﻤـﻮﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻟﺒﮏ ﻭ ﻧﻠﺘﻮﻥ ]‪ ،[2‬ﺑﺎ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪ ‐١‬ﺑﻪﺟﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﺼـﺎﺕ ﮐـﺎﺭﺗﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺳـﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺟــﻊ ]‪ ، [1‬ﺩﺭﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤـﮏ ﺭﻭﺍﺑـﻂ ﻧﻴـﺮﻭ‐ ﺟﺎﺑـﻪﺟـﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻗﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ ﺣﺮﮐـﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩﺍﻱ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻧﺤﻨﺎﻱ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄـﻊ ﺑـﺎ ﺣﺮﮐـﺖ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬـﺎ ﻣﻴﺘـﻮﺍﻥ ﻣـﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﮐﻮﭘﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺿـﻤﻦ ﻣـﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳـﻔﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﮐﻞ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻗﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻠـﻲ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﻢ ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ]‪ [1‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‐٢‬ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻻﻧﻴﻨﺎﺗﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﮑﺎﺭﺵ ]‪ ،[3‬ﻣـﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳـﻔﺘﯽ ﺗﻴـﺮ ﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﯼ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺷــﻨﮑﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟــﺖ ﺳــﻪ ﺑﻌــﺪﯼ ﺑــﻪ ﮐﻤــﮏ ﺗﺌــﻮﺭﯼ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪ [2‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺳــﺘﻴﮕﻠﻴﺎﻧﻮ ﺑﺪﺳــﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺍﺛــﺮﺍﺕ ﮐﻮﭘﻠﻴﻨــﮓ ﺑــﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﺷﯽ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻣــﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳــﻔﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟــﻪ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨــﺪ ﻣﺮﺟــﻊ ]‪[1‬‬
‫ﻗﻮﺕ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ]‪ [1‬ﻭ]‪ [2‬ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻟﺒﻨﺪﻱ ﺳﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺳﻪ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺩﻳﻔﺮﺍﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻳﮏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪dFv‬‬ ‫‪dFu‬‬ ‫‪dM‬‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ ١‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺑﺮﺵ ‪،ψ‬‬
‫‪= − Fu‬‬ ‫‪= Fv‬‬ ‫)‪۵‬ﻭ‪۶‬ﻭ‪= r0 Fv (۷‬‬
‫‪dθ‬‬ ‫‪dθ‬‬ ‫‪dθ‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ )‪ (٣‬ﺗﺎ)‪ (٧‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧـﻼﻑ ﺟﻬـﺖ ﺣﺮﮐـﺖ ﻋﻘﺮﺑـﺔ ﺳـﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔﺑﺮﺵ ‪ ψ‬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺿﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (٣‬ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪F‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺯﮎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ψ= v‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪kGA‬‬
‫‪EI‬‬
‫‪C1 = 2 , C 2 = 0‬‬
‫‪r1‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺯﮎ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺧﻨﺜﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻱ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ )‪ (٤‬ﺗﺎ‬
‫)‪ r0 = r1 (٧‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﻞ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ )‪ (٣‬ﺗﺎ )‪ (٧‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﻭﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫} ‪{u} = [ H ]{Gi‬‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫‪⎧u⎫ ⎡ 1‬‬ ‫‪− θ cθ − sθ‬‬ ‫‪θ cθ‬‬ ‫‪θ sθ‬‬ ‫⎫ ‪⎤⎧G1‬‬
‫⎢ ⎪ ⎪‬ ‫⎪ ⎪⎥‬
‫‪⎨v⎬ = ⎢ 0‬‬ ‫⎬ ‪1 sθ cθ (θ sθ + C 4 cθ ) (C4 sθ − θ cθ )⎥⎨ M‬‬
‫‪⎪γ ⎪ ⎢−1/ r θ / r 0‬‬ ‫‪C5 sθ / r0‬‬ ‫⎭⎪ ‪− C5 cθ / r0 ⎥⎦⎪⎩G6‬‬
‫⎣ ⎭ ⎩‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ‪ s‬ﻣﺨﻔﻒ ﺳـﻴﻨﻮﺱ ﻭ ‪ c‬ﻣﺨﻔـﻒ ﮐﺴـﻴﻨﻮﺱ‬

‫ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫} ‪{ f } = [d ]{Gi‬‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫⎫ ‪⎧Fu ⎫ ⎡0 0 0 0 C7 cosθ C7 sinθ ⎤⎧G1‬‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‪ :١‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﺋﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫⎢ ⎪ ⎪‬ ‫⎪ ⎪⎥‬
‫⎬ ‪⎨Fv ⎬ = ⎢0 0 0 0 − C7 sinθ C7 cosθ ⎥⎨ M‬‬
‫⎪ ‪⎪M ⎪ ⎢0 C 0 0 C cosθ C sinθ ⎥⎪G‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻳﺎ ‪ γ‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫⎣ ⎭ ⎩‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎭ ‪⎦⎩ 6‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــــﻂ ﺑــــﺎﻻ } ‪ {Gi } = {G1 L G6‬ﺛﻮﺍﺑــــﺖ‬ ‫‪1 ⎛ dv‬‬ ‫⎞‬
‫‪T‬‬
‫=‪γ‬‬ ‫⎜‬ ‫‪− u ⎟ +ψ‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻫﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﺋﻂ ﻣـﺮﺯﻱ‬ ‫‪r0 ⎝ dθ‬‬ ‫⎠‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﻌﻴـﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺸـﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ ﺗﻤـﺎﻣﻲ ﺛﻮﺍﺑـﺖ‬ ‫‪A‬‬
‫= ‪ r0‬ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫‪∫r (b / r )dr‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻳﺎ ‪ Ci‬ﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺫﮐﺮ ﻧﺸـﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺿـﻤﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫‪rb‬‬

‫ﺏ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬

‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺧﻤﺶ ﻣﺤﺾ ﻫﻴﭻ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺸﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﺋﻴﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ)‪ (٨‬ﻭ )‪ (٩‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺶ‐ﮐﺮﻧﺶ ﺑـﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣــﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺪﺳــﺖﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣــﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳــﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤــﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫‪⎛ d 2 v du‬‬ ‫‪dF‬‬ ‫⎞‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺮﺯﻱ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴـﺮ‬ ‫‪M = C1 ⎜⎜ 2 −‬‬ ‫‪+ C2 v‬‬ ‫⎟⎟‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫‪⎝ dθ‬‬ ‫‪dθ‬‬ ‫‪dθ‬‬ ‫⎠‬
‫ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﺷﮑﻞ‪ ٢‬ﺑﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﻪ )‪ (٨‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺗﻨﺶ‐ﮐﺮﻧﺶ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫} ‪{δ } = [ B]{Gi‬‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬
‫‪EA ⎛ du‬‬ ‫⎞‬
‫= ‪Fu‬‬ ‫⎜‬ ‫⎟‪+ v‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪r0 ⎝ dθ‬‬ ‫⎠‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫‪⎧− Fu1 ⎫ ⎡0 0‬‬ ‫⎫ ‪0 0 − C7 cosθ1 − C7 sinθ1 ⎤⎧G1‬‬ ‫‪⎧u1 ⎫ ⎡ 1‬‬ ‫‪−θ1‬‬ ‫‪cθ1 − sθ1‬‬ ‫‪θ1cθ1‬‬ ‫‪θ1sθ1‬‬ ‫⎫ ‪⎤⎧G1‬‬
‫⎢ ⎪ ‪⎪v‬‬ ‫⎪ ⎪‬
‫‪⎪ F ⎪ ⎢0 0‬‬ ‫⎪ ‪sθ1 cθ1 (θ1sθ1 + C4cθ1) (C4sθ1 −θ1cθ1) ⎥⎥⎪G2‬‬
‫⎪⎪ ‪0 0 − C7 sinθ1 C7 cosθ1 ⎥⎥⎪⎪G2‬‬ ‫⎢ ⎪ ⎪‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫⎢ ⎪ ‪⎪ v1‬‬ ‫‪⎪⎪γ1 ⎪⎪ ⎢ −1/ r0 θ1 / r0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪C5sθ1 / r0‬‬ ‫⎪⎪ ‪− C5cθ1 / r0 ⎥⎪⎪G3‬‬
‫‪⎪− M1 ⎪ ⎢0 − C1‬‬ ‫⎪⎪ ‪0 0 − C6 cosθ1 − C6 sinθ1 ⎥⎪⎪G3‬‬ ‫‪⎨ ⎬=⎢ 1‬‬ ‫‪−θ2‬‬ ‫‪cθ2 − sθ2‬‬ ‫‪θ2cθ2‬‬ ‫‪θ2sθ2‬‬ ‫⎬ ‪⎥⎨G‬‬
‫⎢=⎬ ‪⎨ F‬‬ ‫⎬ ⎨⎥‬ ‫⎢ ⎪ ‪⎪u2‬‬ ‫⎪ ‪⎥⎪ 4‬‬
‫‪⎪ u 2 ⎪ ⎢0 0‬‬ ‫‪0 0 C7 cosθ2‬‬ ‫⎪ ‪C7 sinθ2 ⎥⎪G4‬‬ ‫‪⎪v2 ⎪ ⎢ 0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫⎪ ‪sθ2 cθ2 (θ2sθ2 + C4cθ2 ) (C4sθ2 −θ2cθ2 )⎥⎪G5‬‬
‫⎢ ⎪ ⎪‬ ‫⎪ ⎪‬
‫‪⎪− Fv2 ⎪ ⎢0 0‬‬ ‫⎣ ⎪⎭ ‪⎩⎪γ 2‬‬‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪θ‬‬ ‫‪C5sθ2 / r0‬‬ ‫⎪⎭ ‪− C5cθ2 / r0 ⎥⎦⎩⎪G6‬‬
‫⎪ ‪0 0 C7 sinθ2 − C7 cosθ2 ⎥⎪G5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2 / r0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫⎪‬ ‫⎢ ⎪‬ ‫⎪ ⎪⎥‬
‫‪⎩ M2 ⎭ ⎣⎢0 C1‬‬ ‫‪0 0 C6 cosθ2‬‬ ‫⎭⎪ ‪C6 sinθ2 ⎦⎥⎪⎩G6‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (۱۰‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﺛﻮﺍﺑﺖ } ‪ {Gi‬ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ ﮐـﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ )‪ (۸‬ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐـﻪ } ‪ {Gi‬ﺍﺯﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟـﻪ )‪ (١٠‬ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟـﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (١٤‬ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫} ‪{u} = [ H ][ B]−1{δ } = [ N ]{δ‬‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫)‪{F } = [ D]{Gi } = [ D][ B]−1{δ } = [ K ]{δ } (15‬‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺷﮑﻞ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪[ N ] = [ H ][ B]−1‬‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫‪−1‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ] ‪ [ K ] = [ D][ B‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺿﻤﻨﻲ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ]‪ [8‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺷـﺘﻦ ﺻـﺮﻳﺢ ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ ﺍﺟﺘﻨـﺎﺏ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﻴﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺟﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﺸﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ ‪ ω‬ﺩﺭﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺵ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬

‫)‪∫ br{v + [u + (r − r)γ ] } drdθ (16‬‬

‫‪θ2‬‬ ‫‪rb‬‬
‫∫ ‪T = 0.5ρω2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪θ1‬‬ ‫‪ra‬‬

‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻲ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ‪r‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪T = 0.5ρω2{Gi }T‬‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ :٢‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﺋﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫‪θ2‬‬ ‫] ‪⎛C8[R R ] + C8[R R‬‬
‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬
‫⎞‬ ‫)‪(17‬‬
‫‪∫θ ⎜⎜+ C ([R R ] +[R R ]) + C [R R ]⎟⎟{G }dθ‬‬
‫‪1 1‬‬ ‫‪2 2‬‬
‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪i‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪3 1‬‬ ‫‪1 3‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪3 3‬‬ ‫⎠‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺳﻔﺘﯽ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫)‪(١٨‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﺋﻴﻬﺎﯼ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫‪{R1} = {1 −θ cosθ − sinθ θ cosθ θ sinθ}T‬‬ ‫‪ ٢‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ ٢‬ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‬
‫‪{R2}={0 1 sθ cθ (θ sθ +C4cθ) (C4sθ −θ cθ)}T‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﺋﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ‬
‫‪{R3} = {−1/ r0 θ / r0 0 0 C5 sθ / r0 − C5cθ / r0 }T‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﻩﺍﯼ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻓﻮﻕ ‪ s‬ﻣﺨﻔﻒ ﺳـﻴﻨﻮﺱ ﻭ ‪ c‬ﻣﺨﻔـﻒ ﮐﺴـﻴﻨﻮﺱ‬ ‫)‪{F} = {− Fu1 Fv1 − M1 Fu 2 − Fv2 M 2 } (13‬‬
‫‪T‬‬

‫ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪.‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﺔ ﺍﻧـﺮﮊﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﺸـﻲ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ )‪ (٩‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ‪١‬ﻭ‪ ٢‬ﺍﺯﺷﮑﻞ ‪ ۲‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺯﮎ ﮐﺎﻓﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ )‪ (١٧‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻋﻤـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (١٣‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪. C9 = C10 = 0, r0 = r1 :‬‬ ‫} ‪{F } = [ D]{Gi‬‬ ‫)‪(14‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﻪ )‪ (١٠‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﻪ )‪ {Gi } (۱۷‬ﺣـﺬﻑ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻣﺤــﺪﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﺯﺷــﮑﻞ ﻣــﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﯽ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻣــﯽ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫} ‪T = 0.5ρω 2 {δ }T [ B]−T [ H ][ B]−1{δ‬‬ ‫)‪(١٩‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺿﻤﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﺻـﻴﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﻣـﺪ ﻣـﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﯼ ﺟــﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺳـﻔﺘﯽ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻌــﺎﺩﻻﺕ‬ ‫)‪(٢٠‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﯽ ﻭﺍﺟﻔﺖ ﻣﻴﺸـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻤـﻮ ﹰﻻ ﺻـﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺷـﮑﻞ‬ ‫‪⎧⎪C8{R1}{R1}T +C8{R2}{R2}T +‬‬
‫‪θ2‬‬ ‫⎪⎫‬
‫⎨ ∫ = ]‪[H‬‬ ‫⎬‪T‬‬
‫‪dθ‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣـﯽﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺍﺛـﺮﺍﺕ ﻧـﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ‬ ‫‪θ1‬‬
‫⎭⎪ }‪⎪⎩C9 ({R3}{R1} +{R1}{R3} ) +C10{R3}{R3‬‬
‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻣـﯽ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺟﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ‪ ρ [ B]−T [ H ][ B]−1‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐـﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﭘـﺲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﻤـﻊ ﻣـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘـﺪﺍ ﻣﺨﺘﺼـﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑـﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (٢١‬ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼـﺎﺕ ﻣـﺪﻱ ) ‪ g (t‬ﺗﺒـﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻝ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﮑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻧﮕـﻪ‬ ‫ﻳــﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸــﮑﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺳــﭙﺲ ﺑــﺎ ﺳــﻮﺍﺭﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫~‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ )ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻣﺪﻱ ‪ ( [Φ]n×m‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃـﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻤـﺎﻝ ﺷـﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣـﺮﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴـﻬﺎ ﻭ‬
‫~‬
‫}) ‪{u (t )} = [Φ ]n×m {g (t‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٢‬‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣـﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌـﻲ ﺗﻴـﺮ ﺧﻤﻴـﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﮐﻤـﮏ ﻳﮑـﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻱ ﮐﻪ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ‪m‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﺪﺩﻱ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻳﺎ ‪n‬‬
‫~‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻣﺪﻱ ]‪ [Φ‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ‪ n‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﯼ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ‬
‫~‬ ‫~‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪[ K ] n [ Φ ] n = [ M ] n [Φ ] n [ Ω 2 ] n‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٣‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ‪ [Ω 2 ]n‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻗﻄﺮﯼ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﻳـﻪ ﻫـﺎﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ‬ ‫)‪(٢١‬‬
‫)‪[M ]u&&(t) + [C]u&(t) + [K]u(t) = F(t) = {F0 } f (t‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ωi2 i = 1,K, n‬ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮﺍﺯﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟـﻪ )‪ (٢٢‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﮐـــﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻥ ] ‪ [K ] ، [M‬ﻭ ] ‪ [C‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـــﻬﺎﻱﺟـــﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺳـــﻔﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (٢١‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻴﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ u& (t ) ، u (t ) .‬ﻭ ) ‪ u&&(t‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟـﺎﻳﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳـﺮﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺷـﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑـﻲ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ) ‪ F (t‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺑﺎﺭﺍﻋﻤــﺎﻝ‬
‫)‪{g&&(t)}+[Cg ]m{g& (t)}+[Ω2 ]m{g(t)}={α} f (t) (٢٤‬‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯﺩﻭﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ {F0 } :‬ﮐـﻪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫~‬ ‫~‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ) ‪ f (t‬ﮐﻪ ﻗﺴـﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺑﺴـﺘﻪ‬
‫‪[ I ]m = [Φ]T m×n [M ]n [Φ]n×m‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺑـﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔـﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻤﮑـﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫~‬ ‫~‬
‫‪[C g ]m = [Φ ]T m×n [C ]n [Φ ]n×m‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑـﺎﻥ ﻫﻤـﺮﺍﻩ ﺑـﺎ ﻗﺴـﻤﺖ‬
‫~‬
‫} ‪{α } = [Φ ]T m×n {F0‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫~‬ ‫~‬
‫‪[Ω 2 ]m = [Φ ]T m×n [ K ]n [Φ ]n×m‬‬ ‫)‪ ٢١‬ﺍﻟﻒ(‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ‪ [Ω 2 ]m‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻗﻄﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﻳـﻪ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﻱ‬ ‫‪{F(t)}= {F0}1 f1 (t) +{F0}2 f 2 (t) +{F0}3 f3 (t) +K‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ ω i = 1,K, m‬ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭﻟﻲ‬
‫‪i‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (٢٤‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ‪ m‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﮐﻮﭘﻞ ﻧﺸـﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﯼ ﻋﺪﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞﮐﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﻄـﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﮑـﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘـﺪﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺷـﻬﺎﯼ‬
‫ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ] ‪ [C g‬ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳـﮏ‬ ‫ﺣــﻞ ﻋــﺪﺩﯼ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴــﺮﯼ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻗﻄﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻪﻫﺎﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻗﻄﺮ‪2ζ iωi i =1,K, m‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻮﻣﺎﺭﮎ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪[9] .‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﯼ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺪ ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮐـﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ‪ ،‬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺣﺠـﻢ ﻣﻌـﺎﺩﻻﺕ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﺪﻱ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (٢٤‬ﺑـﻪ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑـﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑـﺮ ﻣﺴـﺎﻟﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﺼـﻴﺺ ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫~‬
‫} ‪ {Fi } ، {Fe‬و } ‪ {Fd‬ﺑـــﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴـــﺐ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻫـــﺎﯼ ﻧﻴـــﺮﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﺑﻪﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﻳﺎ ‪ [Φ]n×m‬ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﮐﺸﺴﺎﻧﻲ‪،‬ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳـﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﻳـﻲ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳــﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫~‬
‫}) ‪{u (t )} = [Φ ]n×m {g (t‬‬ ‫)‪(۲۵‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻱ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫~‬ ‫~‬
‫}) ‪{u&&(t )} = [Φ ]n×m {g&&(t )} {u& (t )} = [Φ ]n×m {g& (t‬‬
‫~‬
‫}) ‪{Fi } = [ M ][Φ ]{g&&(t‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٨‬‬ ‫ﭼﻮﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫~‬
‫}) ‪{Fd } = [C ][Φ ]{g& (t‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺣﻞ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫~‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻓﻮﻕ ]‪ [Φ‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻣﺪﯼ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ )‪ (٢٧‬ﺗﺎ )‪ (٢٩‬ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻳﻠﻴﺎﻡ ]‪ [10‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ ﻭ‬
‫‪−1‬‬
‫‪{uM . A. (t )} = [K ] {F0 } f (t ) −‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺳــﻴﻠﺔ ]‪ Bisplinghoff [11‬ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺮﺩﻳــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟــﻊ‬
‫~‬ ‫~‬ ‫)‪(٣٠‬‬
‫}) ‪[K ]−1[M ][Φ]{g&&(t )}− [K ]−1[C][Φ]{g& (t‬‬ ‫]‪ [12‬ﺗﺎ ]‪ [14‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ]‪ [15‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣـﺪ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺣﻞ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﺪﺩﯼ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻟﺒﻨﺪﯼ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪[14‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﺪﺩﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭﻓﺮﻣﻮﻟﺒﻨﺪﯼ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺮﺟـﻊ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ‪ Inplane‬ﺣﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻟﺰﻭﻣﯽ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﯼ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﯽ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﮑﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻖ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﺍﻳﻨﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :١‬ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪[5‬‬ ‫ﻳﮏ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺳﻲ ﺭﺍ‬
‫‪ (R) = 76.2 cm‬ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻧﺤﻨﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ = 0.0327 cm‬ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫‪ = 2.56cm‬ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻱ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﺎﻥ = ‪ α‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻱ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫~‬
‫}) ‪{u& M . A. (t )} = [Φ ]n×m {g& (t‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٦‬‬
‫‪ ρ = 2764kg / m 3‬ﺟﺮﻡ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ‬ ‫~‬
‫}) ‪{u&&M . A. (t )} = [Φ ]n×m {g&&(t‬‬
‫‪ µ = 0.3‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭘﻮﺍﺳﻮﻥ‪ k = 0.8 ،‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﺮﺵ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺲ ‪ M .A.‬ﻣﺨﻔﻒ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ E = 6.89 ×1010 N / m 2‬ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﺴﻴﺘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ‬
‫ﭘﻨﺞ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺗﻴـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺷـﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﮑﻴـﻪﮔـﺎﻫﻲ ﺳـﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ )‪ (٢١‬ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫)ﺟﺎﺑــﻪﺟــﺎﻳﻲ ﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻲ ‪ ( v Left = v Right = 0‬ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻱ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (٢١‬ﺑﺎﺯﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ ١‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫)‪ ٢٧‬ﺍﻟﻒ(‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ]‪ [4],[5‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫}) ‪[ K ]{u(t )} = {F0 } f (t ) − [M ]{u&&(t )} − [C]{u&(t‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ ١‬ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪٢٠‬‬ ‫ﮐﻪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻬﺎﯼ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﻪ‬
‫} ‪{Fe } = {F0 } f (t ) − {Fi } − {Fd‬‬ ‫)‪٢٧‬ﺏ(‬
‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻬـﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺟـﻊ]‪ [5‬ﻫﻤﺨـﻮﺍﻧﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻗـﺖ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﮐـﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ ﻣـﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻋﺪﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﯼ ﺑﺮﺻﺤﺖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﯼ ﺳﺨﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ‬

‫‪( v Left‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ :١‬ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ) ‪ ( rad / sec‬ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﮑﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ )ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ‪= v Right = 0‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ]‪[4‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ ‪Inplane‬‬
‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫]‪[5‬‬ ‫‪ ٢٠‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٤٠‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٦‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٢‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٦‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ ٢٠‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.565‬‬ ‫‪0.564‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬ ‫‪0.349‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1.571‬‬ ‫‪1.952‬‬ ‫‪1.952‬‬ ‫‪1.572‬‬ ‫‪1.572‬‬ ‫‪1.572‬‬ ‫‪1.572‬‬ ‫‪1.571‬‬ ‫‪1.571‬‬ ‫‪1.571‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3.612‬‬ ‫‪4.228‬‬ ‫‪4.226‬‬ ‫‪3.725‬‬ ‫‪3.615‬‬ ‫‪3.613‬‬ ‫‪3.723‬‬ ‫‪3.614‬‬ ‫‪3.611‬‬ ‫‪3.611‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6.470‬‬ ‫‪7.230‬‬ ‫‪7.230‬‬ ‫‪8.212‬‬ ‫‪6.474‬‬ ‫‪6.474‬‬ ‫‪8.207‬‬ ‫‪6.471‬‬ ‫‪6.470‬‬ ‫‪6.468‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10.144‬‬ ‫‪11.161‬‬ ‫‪11.156‬‬ ‫‪14.307‬‬ ‫‪10.274‬‬ ‫‪10.162‬‬ ‫‪14.299‬‬ ‫‪10.268‬‬ ‫‪10.157‬‬ ‫‪10.141‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﮑﻞ ‪ ۵‬ﺩﺭ ﻣـﺪﺕ ‪ ۲‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴـﻪ‪۱۲,۷۵ ،‬‬
‫ﺷﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺷﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﯼ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸـﻮﺩ‪.‬ﻳﻌﻨـﯽ ﻓﺮﮐـﺎﻧﺲ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ ﺗﻴـﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩﺍﯼ ﺑـﺎ ﺷـﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣـﺮﺯﯼ‬
‫ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺳﺮﻣﻔﺼﻞ )‪ (u = v = 0‬ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﺒﻪ‬
‫‪2π‬‬ ‫‪6.28‬‬
‫=‪ω‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 40.1rad / sec‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪0.1569‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ]‪ [7‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(٣‬‬
‫‪ (R) = 20 m‬ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﻧﺤﻨﺎ‪،‬‬
‫‪ a = 0.8 m‬ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﯽ ﺗﻴﺮ‪،‬‬
‫‪ b = 1.5 m‬ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﯼ ﺗﻴﺮ‪،‬‬
‫‪ 120‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ= ‪ α‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﯼ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫‪ E =12 × 1010 N / m 2‬ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﻳﺎﻧﮓ‪،‬‬
‫‪ ν = 0.3‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭘﻮﺍﺳﻮﻥ‪،‬‬
‫‪ ρ = 7200 kg / m 3‬ﺟﺮﻡ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ :٣‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ k = 0.8‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﺮﺵ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟــــﻪ ﻣﻤــــﺎﻥ ﺷــــﺒﻪ ﺿــــﺮﺑﻪ ﺑــــﻪ ﺻــــﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳــــﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ M (θ , t ) = 108 f (θ ) t e −4t N .m. :‬ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ :٢‬ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ) ‪ ( rad / sec‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﮑﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺩﻭﺳﺮﻣﻔﺼﻞ )‪(u = v = 0‬‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷـﮑﻞ ‪ ٤‬ﺭﺳـﻢ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴــﻬﺎﯼ ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﯽ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺗﻴــﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟــﺪﻭﻝ ‪ ٢‬ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﯼ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﯽ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ‪ ٣‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺘﻔـﺎﻭﺕ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺣـﻞ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ ‪Inplane‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ‐١ :‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﻮﻣـﺎﺭﮎ ‪ ‐٢‬ﺭﻭﺵ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪16.3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪40.9‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ‪ ‐٣‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷـﺘﺎﺏ ﻣـﺪ‪.‬ﺩﺭﻫـﺮ ﺳـﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﮔـﺎﻡ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪78.8‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ∆t = 0.001sec‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺑـﺮﺍﯼ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪122.7‬‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ‪ ٢٤‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻣﺴﺎﻭﯼ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪181.3‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪﺍﯼ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻩﻫﺎﯼ ‪ ٢‬ﺗﺎ ‪١٤‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﮑﻞ‪ ٣‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑـﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﮔـﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻣـﺪﻫﺎﯼ‬
‫ﺍﺯﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺟـﺪﻭﻝ ‪ ۲‬ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸـﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﮏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺩﺭﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺮﮐـــﺎﻧﺲ ﺑـــﻪ ﻓﺮﮐـــﺎﻧﺲ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﻴـــﺮ ﺧﻤﻴـــﺪﻩ ﮐـــﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑـــﺮ‬
‫‪ ٥‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
 ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪ –١٣٨۴‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬

‫‪ ۴‬ﻣﺪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺧﻄﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 40.9 rad / sec‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﻨـﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﮏ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﮐﺖ ﻣﺪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ ﻣـﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ ۵‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫـﺎﯼ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷـﺘﺎﺏ ﻣـﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠـﺎﻳﻲ ﻣـﺪ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ ١‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ ﻣـﺪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻧﮕـﻪ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺍﻳـﻢ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺵ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻬــﺎﻱ ﺩﻗﻴﻘــﻲ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﮐــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌــﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴــﻲ ﮐــﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﺪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺤﺮﻳـﮏ ﻧﺸـﺪﻩ ﺟـﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪ [5‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺪﻫـﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪ [4‬ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴـﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺷـﺒﻪ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﻳـﺎ ﺗـﺮﻡ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺳـﻤﺖ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٤٠‬ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺎﺯ ﻫـﻢ ﺟـﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ )‪ (۳۰‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻱ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺍﺟـﻊ]‪[4‬‬
‫ﻭ]‪ [5‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﮐـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫‪1.E+07‬‬
‫‪9.E+06‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮﻋﺪﺩﻱ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴـﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪8.E+06‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴـﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺟـﻊ]‪ [4‬ﮐﻤﺘـﺮ‬ ‫‪7.E+06‬‬

‫‪6.E+06‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺁﻧﺴـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺟـﻊ ]‪ [4‬ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫‪5.E+06‬‬
‫‪4.E+06‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻴﮑـﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪3.E+06‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳـﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺛـﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮ ﺷـﮑﻞ‬ ‫‪2.E+06‬‬

‫‪1.E+06‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﺳـﻔﺘﻲ ﮐﻠـﻲ ﺗﻴـﺮﮐﻢ‬ ‫‪0.E+00‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0.5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.5‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺁﻥ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴـﻪ‬
‫)‪time(Sec‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺁﺧﺮﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ ١‬ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸـﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ :٤‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺍﻟﻤــﺎﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻬــﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﺳــﺖ ﺁﻣــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪ [5‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺩﺍﺷـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺟـﻊ]‪ [5‬ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳـﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧــﻲ ﺗﻴــﺮ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻫﻤــﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮐـﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺮﺟﻊ]‪ [5‬ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩﺍﯼ ﺑﺎ ﺷـﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣـﺮﺯﯼ ﺩﻭﺳﺮﻣﻔﺼـﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺿـﺮﺑﻪ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠـﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺷــﻌﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﻘﻄــﻪ ﻣﻴــﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻴــﺮ ﺑــﻪ ﮐﻤــﮏ ﺳــﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﻮﻣـﺎﺭﮎ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷـﺘﺎﺏ ﻣـﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ ‪ :٥‬ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ‪٣‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺷـﮑﻞ‪ ٥‬ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻪ ﮐﻤـﮏ ﺭﻭﺵ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺁﻳﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺪ ﻭﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣـﺪ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺣﺎﺻـﻠﻪ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫‪[ M ] = ρ [ B]−T [ H ][ B]−1‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﮕﺮﺍﻟﮕﻴﺮﯼ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻨﻄﺒـﻖ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪.‬‬
‫] ‪[ K ] = [ D][ B‬‬ ‫‪−1‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺪ ﻭﺑﺎ ﻧﮕـﻪ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻦ‬
 ‫– ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬١٣٨۴ ‫ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‐ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬

coupled bending and torsional vibration. ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻴﺮﺧﻤﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬C10 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬C1 ‫ﺛﻮﺍﺑﺖ‬
Earthquake Eng. & Structural Dynamics, :‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
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[7]: Jong-Shyong Wu, Lieh-Kwang ⎛r −r ⎞ r EA
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ra
(b / r ) dr
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‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺯﮎ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ ﺍﺛـﺮﺍﺕ‬
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2
with particular reference to landing and (٣)
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