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    Unit 2 Revision 2

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    st3v3ns33k
    This document provides examples and exercises for finding the value of k given probability statements about the normal distribution. It first reviews the concepts of standardizing a normal distribution and using normal distribution tables. It then works through two examples, finding the value of k when P(X > k) or P(X < k) are given. Finally, it provides three exercises asking to find the value of k based on probability statements about normally distributed random variables.

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    Unit 2 Revision 2

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    st3v3ns33k
    14 views3 pages
    This document provides examples and exercises for finding the value of k given probability statements about the normal distribution. It first reviews the concepts of standardizing a normal distribution and using normal distribution tables. It then works through two examples, finding the value of k when P(X > k) or P(X < k) are given. Finally, it provides three exercises asking to find the value of k based on probability statements about normally distributed random variables.

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    This document provides examples and exercises for finding the value of k given probability statements about the normal distribution. It first reviews the concepts of standardizing a normal distribution and using normal distribution tables. It then works through two examples, finding the value of k when P(X > k) or P(X < k) are given. Finally, it provides three exercises asking to find the value of k based on probability statements about normally distributed random variables.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    14 views3 pages

    Unit 2 Revision 2

    Uploaded by

    st3v3ns33k
    This document provides examples and exercises for finding the value of k given probability statements about the normal distribution. It first reviews the concepts of standardizing a normal distribution and using normal distribution tables. It then works through two examples, finding the value of k when P(X > k) or P(X < k) are given. Finally, it provides three exercises asking to find the value of k based on probability statements about normally distributed random variables.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Unit 2 Revision 2

    Continuation from Revision 4, but now, we’re doing the REVERSE


    process.

    Example 1:
    Find the value of k given that P(X < k) = 0.1986 and X ~ N (32,8) .

    Solution & Explanation:


    The concepts that we’ve discussed in Revision 4 earlier are to be
    utilised.

    1. Area under the curve = 1 (That’s probability = 1, the sum of


    probabilities)

    Area = 0.5 Area = 0.5

    0
    Values on this line are the z-values called critical values

    2. The Standardized Normal Distribution Table gives only HALF the


    area, that is the
    area to the right of the middle line where mean = 0.

    x−µ
    3. The formula for standardization is P ( X < x) = P ( Z < ).
    σ

    Referring to the question, we have

    k −µ k − 32
    P( X < k ) = P( Z < ) = P( Z < ) = 0.1986
    σ 8

    0.1986 is the area under the curve and it is less than 0.5, so this area
    is the area indicated in the graph below:
    Area = 0.3014

    Area = 0.1986

    z-value = – 0.85 z-value = 0.85

    But, the Table does not allow us to find the z-value for this area.
    Referring to the Table for area of 0.3014 ( the nearest value is 0.3023),
    and the z-value is 0.85;
    1
    So, the corresponding z-value for the light blue area is – 0.85.

    k − 32
    Thus, = −0.85 ⇒ k − 32= − 2.4⇒ k= 29.6
    8

    Example 2
    If X ~ N (41,9) , find the value of k given that
    (i) P ( X > k ) = 0.732
    (ii) P ( X < k ) = 0.386
    Solution:
    (i) First standardised the expression,…
     k − 41 
    P( X > k ) = P  Z >  = 0.732
     3 

    Area = 0.232 (Yellow)

    Area = 0.732
    Area = 0.5 (Blue)

    Since the area is 0.732, the z-value falls in the negative region. To find
    the z-value, the Table gives “0.62”, since z-value is negative, we have
    k − 41
    = −0.62
    3

    ⇒ k = −1.86 + 41 = 39.14

     k − 41 
    (ii) P( X < k ) = P  Z <  = 0.386
     3 
    Area = 0.114

    Area = 0.386 Area = 0.386

    The area lies in the negative region of z-value.


    The Table gives z-value as 0.29 (using Area = 0.114); thus we
    have

    k − 41
    = −0.29
    3

    ⇒ k=− 0.87
    + =41 40.13

    2
    Now, try these exercises: IF you’ve difficulties to imagine, always
    make a sketch to assist you.
    Exercises

    1. If X ~ N (80,16) , find the value of k given that


    (i) P ( X > k ) = 0.643
    (ii) P ( X < k ) = 0.286

    2. If X ~ N (38,9) , find the value of k given that


    (i) P ( X > k ) = 0.828
    (ii) P ( X < k ) = 0.42
    (iii) P ( X < k ) = 0.285

    Answers below……………..

    1. (i) 78.52 (ii) 77.72

    2. (i) 35.15 (ii) 37.4 (iii) 36.29

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