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Two Pass Assembler Code

This document describes a two-pass assembler program written in C. It includes functions for the first and second passes of the assembler. The first pass reads an input file, identifies labels and opcodes, and writes an intermediate file. The second pass reads the intermediate file, looks up opcodes and operands, and writes the corresponding object code to an output file. Key data structures include an opcode table, symbol table, and buffers for holding each line of code during parsing.

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Ashish Katlam
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871 views4 pages

Two Pass Assembler Code

This document describes a two-pass assembler program written in C. It includes functions for the first and second passes of the assembler. The first pass reads an input file, identifies labels and opcodes, and writes an intermediate file. The second pass reads the intermediate file, looks up opcodes and operands, and writes the corresponding object code to an output file. Key data structures include an opcode table, symbol table, and buffers for holding each line of code during parsing.

Uploaded by

Ashish Katlam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C program of Two Pass assembler

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void chk_label();
void chk_opcode();
void READ_LINE();
struct optab
{
char code[10],objcode[10];
}myoptab[3]={
{"LDA","00"},
{"JMP","01"},
{"STA","02"}
};

struct symtab{
char symbol[10];
int addr;
}mysymtab[10];

int startaddr,locctr,symcount=0,length;
char line[20],label[8],opcode[8],operand[8],programname[10];
/*ASSEMBLER PASS 1 */
void PASS1()
{
FILE *input,*inter;
input=fopen("input.txt","r");
inter=fopen("inter.txt","w");
printf("LOCATION LABEL\tOPERAND\tOPCODE\n");
printf("_____________________________________");
fgets(line,20,input);

READ_LINE();

if(!strcmp(opcode,"START"))
{
startaddr=atoi(operand);
locctr=startaddr;
strcpy(programname,label);
fprintf(inter,"%s",line);
fgets(line,20,input);
}
else
{
programname[0]='\0';
startaddr=0;
locctr=0;
}
printf("\n %d\t %s\t%s\t %s",locctr,label,opcode,operand);

while(strcmp(line,"END")!=0)
{
READ_LINE();
printf("\n %d\t %s \t%s\t %s",locctr,label,opcode,operand);
if(label[0]!='\0')chk_label();
chk_opcode();
fprintf(inter,"%s %s %s\n",label,opcode,operand);
fgets(line,20,input);
}

printf("\n %d\t\t%s",locctr,line);
fprintf(inter,"%s",line);

fclose(inter);
fclose(input);
}
/*Assesmbler pass 2 */
void PASS2()
{
FILE *inter,*output;
char record[30],part[8],value[5];/*Part array was defined as part[6] previou
sly*/
int currtxtlen=0,foundopcode,foundoperand,chk,operandaddr,recaddr=0;
inter=fopen("inter.txt","r");
output=fopen("output.txt","w");
fgets(line,20,inter);

READ_LINE();
if(!strcmp(opcode,"START")) fgets(line,20,inter);
printf("\n\nCorresponding Object code is..\n");
printf("\nH^ %s ^ %d ^ %d ",programname,startaddr,length);
fprintf(output,"\nH^ %s ^ %d ^ %d ",programname,startaddr,length);
recaddr=startaddr; record[0]='\0';
while(strcmp(line,"END")!=0)
{
operandaddr=foundoperand=foundopcode=0;
value[0]=part[0]= '\0';
READ_LINE();
for(chk=0;chk<3;chk++)
{
if(!strcmp(opcode,myoptab[chk].code))
{
foundopcode=1;
strcpy(part,myoptab[chk].objcode);
if(operand[0]!='\0')
{
for(chk=0;chk<symcount;chk++)

if(!strcmp(mysymtab[chk].symbol,operand))
{
itoa(mysymtab[chk].addr,value,10);
strcat(part,value);
foundoperand=1;
}
if(!foundoperand)strcat(part,"err");
}
}
}
if(!foundopcode)
{
if(strcmp(opcode,"BYTE")==0 || strcmp(opcode,"WORD")||strcmp(opcode,"R
ESB"))
{
strcat(part,operand);
}
}
if((currtxtlen+strlen(part))<=8)
/*This step was having buffer overflow issue since part[6]
was defined previously which i corrected to part[8].
Because of this first two bytes of stack are getting lost*/
{
strcat(record,"^");
strcat(record,part);
currtxtlen+=strlen(part);
}
else
{
printf("\nT^ %d ^%d %s",recaddr,currtxtlen,record);
fprintf(output,"\nT^ %d ^%d %s",recaddr,currtxtlen,record);
recaddr+=currtxtlen;
currtxtlen=strlen(part);
strcpy(record,part);
}
fgets(line,20,inter);
}
printf("\nT^ %d ^%d %s",recaddr,currtxtlen,record);
fprintf(output,"\nT^ %d ^%d %s",recaddr,currtxtlen,record);
printf("\nE^ %d\n",startaddr);
fprintf(output,"\nE^ %d\n",startaddr);
fclose(inter);
fclose(output);
}

void READ_LINE()
{
char buff[8],word1[8],word2[8],word3[8];
int i,j=0,count=0;
label[0]=opcode[0]=operand[0]=word1[0]=word2[0]=word3[0]='\0';
for(i=0;line[i]!='\0';i++)
{
if(line[i]!=' ')
buff[j++]=line[i];
else
{
buff[j]='\0';
strcpy(word3,word2);
strcpy(word2,word1);
strcpy(word1,buff);
j=0;
count++;
}
}
buff[j-1]='\0';
strcpy(word3,word2);
strcpy(word2,word1);
strcpy(word1,buff);
switch(count)
{
case 0:strcpy(opcode,word1);
break;
case 1:{strcpy(opcode,word2);strcpy(operand,word1);}
break;
case 2:{strcpy(label,word3);strcpy(opcode,word2);strcpy(operand,word1);}
break;
}
}

void chk_label()
{
int k,dupsym=0;
for(k=0;k<symcount;k++)
if(!strcmp(label,mysymtab[k].symbol))
{
mysymtab[k].addr=-1;
dupsym=1;
break;
}
if(!dupsym)
{
strcpy(mysymtab[symcount].symbol,label);
mysymtab[symcount++].addr=locctr;
}
}

void chk_opcode()
{
int k=0,found=0;
for(k=0;k<3;k++)
if(!strcmp(opcode,myoptab[k].code))
{
locctr+=3;
found=1;
break;
}
if(!found)
{
if(!strcmp( opcode,"WORD")) locctr+=3;
else if (!strcmp(opcode,"RESW"))locctr+=(3*atoi(operand));
else if(!strcmp(opcode,"RESB"))locctr+=atoi(operand);
}
}

int main()
{
PASS1();
length=locctr-startaddr;
PASS2();
getch();
}

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