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Tutorial 7

This document provides an overview of chromatography techniques including thin layer chromatography (TLC). It discusses the principles of chromatography, examples of stationary and mobile phases, how spots are visualized on TLC plates, and how Rf values are calculated and used. Industrial applications of chromatography are mentioned. The document also includes sample TLC problems, questions about polarity and separation, and asks to identify more materials that can be used as stationary phases in TLC.

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Asyraf Refdin
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193 views

Tutorial 7

This document provides an overview of chromatography techniques including thin layer chromatography (TLC). It discusses the principles of chromatography, examples of stationary and mobile phases, how spots are visualized on TLC plates, and how Rf values are calculated and used. Industrial applications of chromatography are mentioned. The document also includes sample TLC problems, questions about polarity and separation, and asks to identify more materials that can be used as stationary phases in TLC.

Uploaded by

Asyraf Refdin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHM 256: Basic Analytical Chemistry Tutorial 7: Basic Chromatography 1. 2. What is the principle of chromatography?

Suggest two packing materials that can be used as stationary phase in column chromatography and planar chromatography. 3. 4. Explained how colourless spot on a TLC plate been visualised and identified. Briefly show how the Rf value is determined in a TLC plate and explain the use of the Rf value. 5. Give 3 techniques to visualise spots to locate separated components in TLC chromatogram. 6. 7. Give three examples of industrial application of chromatography. Below are the Rf values of amino acids in a solvent A Amino acids Rf glycine 0.70 alanine 0.56 serine 0.30

Sketch the TLC result of a mixture containing glycine, alanine and serine (base line to solvent front length equal to 5.2 cm). Label the spots of each standard and components present in the mixture. Comment on the separation power of solvent A. 8. 9. One of the chromatographic methods is TLC. Briefly explain the term TLC. State true or false for the following Statements regarding chromatography. i) In chromatography, the mobile phase is the moving phase. ii) In adsorption method of chromatography, the Separation of solutes depends on the difference in the solubility of the stationary phase and the solutes. iii) In partition chromatography, the mobile phase distributes itself between the solution and the stationary phase. iv) In paper chromatography, the stationary phase is the paper itself and the solvent is the mobile phase. In one paper chromatography the spots A and B are 5.4 cm and 3.8 cm respectively from the starting point. The solvent front is 8.2 cm from the starting point. i) ii) Calculate the Rf for spots A and B. What is the distance of spots A and B if the solvent front is 9.6 cm from the starting point?

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If normal phase silica gel is used in TLC as the stationary phase it can be considered polar. i) Given two compounds which differ in polarity, which of the two compounds will have a higher Rf value: the more polar or the less polar compound? Justify your answer What will happen to the Rf value in TLC if more polar solvent is used as the mobile phase? Which solvent is less polar: ethyl acetate or heptane? Name two more materials that can be employed as stationary phase in TLC.

ii) iii) iv)

Wan Elina Faradilla Wan Khalid UiTM Negeri Sembilan

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