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Linear Momentum: ENG1081 Physics For Engineering

This document discusses linear momentum and its conservation. It defines momentum and impulse, and how they apply to both single particles and systems of particles. It describes how momentum is conserved in closed and isolated systems where there is no net external force. It also defines three types of collisions - elastic, inelastic, and completely inelastic - and how momentum is treated in each type.

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Shaun Stanley
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30 views10 pages

Linear Momentum: ENG1081 Physics For Engineering

This document discusses linear momentum and its conservation. It defines momentum and impulse, and how they apply to both single particles and systems of particles. It describes how momentum is conserved in closed and isolated systems where there is no net external force. It also defines three types of collisions - elastic, inelastic, and completely inelastic - and how momentum is treated in each type.

Uploaded by

Shaun Stanley
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Momentum

ENG1081 Physics for Engineering

Momentum, P
Momentum =

From

= m

=
2

Momentum for a System of Particles


For a system of particles,

= Similarly, we can expand momentum for one particle to a system of particles


=

Impulse, J
Impulse is defined as the Change in Momentum = =

From

=
4

Conservation of Momentum
If no net external Force acts on a system, the total Linear Momentum of the system is Conserved Momentum at time ti = Momentum at time tf
1. Closed system 2. Isolated system

If Fnet = 0

Collision Types
Elastic Collision
Momentum is Conserved Kinetic Energy is Conserved

Inelastic Collision
Momentum is Conserved

Completely Inelastic Collision


Momentum is Conserved Colliding bodies move as one after collision
6

Inelastic Collision
Some Kinetic Energy is lost as heat + sound

Conservation of momentum

1 1 + 2 2 = 1 1 + 2 2

Completely Inelastic Collision


+
Conservation of Momentum 1 1 = 1 + 2
Travelling together
8

Stationary

Elastic Collision
Recall: Both Momentum and Kinetic Energy are Conserved in Elastic Collisions Stationary Target 1 1 = 1 1 + 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 = 1 1 + 2 2 2 2 2
Momentum Kinetic Energy
9

Elastic Collision, stationary target


1
2

1 2 = 1 1 + 2
21 = 1 1 + 2
What if both the Projectile and the Target are Both Moving initially?
10

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