0% found this document useful (0 votes)
50 views29 pages

Oow 2012 BeginningPerformanceTuning ArupNanda

This document provides guidance on beginning performance tuning by systematically measuring issues, identifying waits and resource consumption, and using Oracle tools. It recommends starting with wait and resource accounting to understand what a session is waiting on or consuming. Common waits and how to interpret wait times are described. The key Oracle views for investigating sessions, events, waits and system statistics are also outlined.

Uploaded by

tssr2001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
50 views29 pages

Oow 2012 BeginningPerformanceTuning ArupNanda

This document provides guidance on beginning performance tuning by systematically measuring issues, identifying waits and resource consumption, and using Oracle tools. It recommends starting with wait and resource accounting to understand what a session is waiting on or consuming. Common waits and how to interpret wait times are described. The key Oracle views for investigating sessions, events, waits and system statistics are also outlined.

Uploaded by

tssr2001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

Beginning Performance Tuning

Arup Nanda

Agenda
! What this is about?
! You noticed some degradation of performance ! What should you do next? ! Where to start ! What tool to use ! How to understand the root issue

! Tools
! Nothing to buy ! SQL*Plus and internal Oracle supplied utilities
! May be extra-cost

2!

Why Most Troubleshooting Fails


! Not systematic or methodical ! Not looking at the right places ! Confusing Symptoms with Causes

3!

Principle #1

Measure your challenge

4!

Three approaches
! Time Accounting
! What happened ! e.g. a block was retrieved, 16 blocks were retrieved, no rows were returned, etc. ! how much time was spent on each

! Wait Accounting
! What is the session waiting on ! e.g. wait for a block to be available. ! How much time it has waited already, or waited in the past

! Resource Accounting
! What types of resources were consumed ! e.g. latches, logical I/Os, redo blocks, etc.

5!

Whats a Wait?
! A process in Oracle can only be in three states
! Doing something Useful (consuming CPU) !.. U ! Idle, waiting for some work to be assigned !.. I ! Waiting for something, e.g. !.. W
! a block from disk ! a lock ! a latch (could be waiting on CPU)

! Response time = U + I + W ! We must accurately measure each component time before we decide what and how to tune

6!

Wait Interface
! The information is available in V$SESSION
! Was in V$SESSION_WAIT in pre-10g select sid, EVENT, state, wait_time, seconds_in_wait from v$session

! event shows the event being waited on


! However, its not really only for waits ! Its also for activities such as CPU

7!

Wait Times

! SECONDS_IN_WAIT shows the waits right now ! WAIT_TIME shows the last wait time ! STATE shows what is the session doing now
! WAITING the session is waiting on that event right now
! The amount of time it has been waiting so far is shown under SECONDS_IN_WAIT ! The column WAIT_TIME is not relevant

! WAITED KNOWN TIME the session waited for some time on that event, but not just now
! The amount of time it had waited is shown under WAIT_TIME

! WAITED SHORT TIME the session waited for some time on that event, but it was too short to be recorded
! WAIT_TIME shows -1

8!

select sid, state, event, state, wait_time, seconds_in_wait from v$session where event not in ( 'SQL*Net message from client', 'SQL*Net message to client', 'rdbms ipc message' ) where state = 'WAITING'

9!

Wait Time Accounting


value of STATE

WAITING

WAITED KNOWN TIME

WAITED SHORT TIME

check SECONDS_IN_WAIT

check WAIT_TIME

WAIT_TIME is -1

10!

Common Waits
! db file sequential read
! Session waiting for an I/O to be complete

! enq: TX - row lock contention


! Session wants a lock held by a different session

! log file sync


! Session waiting for log buffer to be flushed to redo log file

! latch free
! Session is waiting for some latch

! SQL*Net message from client


! Session waiting for work to be given

11!

Locking Waits
! Find out which session is locking this record select blocking_session, blocking_instance, seconds_in_wait from v$session where sid = <sid> ! Find out who is holding the lock

12!

V$SESSION Columns
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! SID the SID SERIAL# - Serial# of the session MACHINE the client that created the session TERMINAL terminal of the client PROGRAM the client program, e.g. TOAD.EXE STATUS Active/Inactive SQL_ID the SQL_ID PREV_SQL_ID the previous SQL

13!

Getting the SQL


! You can get the SQL from V$SQL select sql_text, sql_fulltext from v$sql where sql_id = <sqlid> and child_number = <child#> ! Full Text select SQL_TEXT from v$sqltext where sql_id = <sqlid> order by piece

14!

High CPU
! From OS top or similar commands find out the process ID ! Find out the session for that process select sid, s.username, status, machine, state, seconds_in_wait, sql_id from v$session s, v$process p where p.spid = &spid and s.paddr = p.addr;

15!

Stats of a Session
! How much CPU the session has consumed ! How much of the came from the session ! View: V$SESSTAT

16!

Understanding Statistics
! V$SESSTAT shows the information except the name, which is shown in V$STATNAME ! V$MYSTAT shows the stats for the current session only 18:31:01 SQL> desc v$sesstat
Name Null? Type ----------------- -------- ---------SID NUMBER STATISTIC# NUMBER VALUE NUMBER SQL> desc v$statname Name Null? Type ----------------- -------- ---------STATISTIC# NUMBER NAME VARCHAR2(64) CLASS NUMBER STAT_ID NUMBER

17!

Use of Session Stats


! Find out how much CPU was consumed already select name, value from v$sesstat s, v$statname n where s.statistic# = n.statistic# and upper(name) like '%CPU%' and sid = <SID>; ! Some stats: session logical reads CPU used by this session parse time cpu

18!

System Statistics
! Similar to events, there is also another view for system level stats - V$SYSSTAT
SQL> desc v$sysstat Name Null? Type ----------------- -------- -----------STATISTIC# NUMBER NAME VARCHAR2(64) CLASS NUMBER VALUE NUMBER STAT_ID NUMBER

Statstic Value !

! Note there is a NAME column ! This is a cumulative value

Rate of Change is different

Time ! 19!

! What waits the session has encountered so far? ! View V$SESSION_EVENT


SQL> desc v$session_event Name Null? Type ----------------- -------- -----------SID NUMBER ! Session ID EVENT VARCHAR2(64) ! The wait event, e.g. library cache lock TOTAL_WAITS NUMBER ! total number of times this session has waited TOTAL_TIMEOUTS NUMBER ! total no. of times timeouts occurred for this TIME_WAITED NUMBER ! the total time (in 100th of sec) waited AVERAGE_WAIT NUMBER ! the average wait per wait MAX_WAIT NUMBER ! the maximum for that event TIME_WAITED_MICRO NUMBER ! same as time_waited; but in micro seconds EVENT_ID NUMBER ! the event ID of the event WAIT_CLASS_ID NUMBER ! the class of the waits WAIT_CLASS# NUMBER WAIT_CLASS VARCHAR2(64)

Session Events

V$EVENT_NAME has the event details joined on EVENT# column

20!

Session Event
! Query
select event, total_waits, total_timeouts, 10*time_waited, 10*average_wait, 10*max_wait from v$session_event where sid = <SID>

Result

EVENT TOTAL_WAITS TOTAL_TIMEOUTS 10*TIME_WAITED 10*AVERAGE_WAIT 10*MAX_WAIT ------------------------------ ----------- -------------- -------------- --------------- ----------db file sequential read 5 0 30 5.9 10 gc cr grant 2-way 2 0 0 1.3 0 row cache lock 1 0 0 1.3 0 library cache pin 5 0 10 1.2 0 library cache lock 23 0 20 .8 0 SQL*Net message to client 46 0 0 0 0 SQL*Net more data to client 3 0 0 0 0 SQL*Net message from client 45 0 325100 7224.3 83050

10 was multiplied to convert the times to milliseconds

21!

System Event
! The V$SYSTEM_EVENT view shows the same waits for the entire instance
select event, total_waits, total_timeouts, 10*time_waited, 10*average_wait from v$system_event where event like 'gc%
EVENT TOTAL_WAITS TOTAL_TIMEOUTS 10*TIME_WAITED 10*AVERAGE_WAIT ---------------------------------------- ----------- -------------- -------------- --------------gcs remote message 3744149220 3391378512 1.2595E+10 3.4 gc buffer busy 2832149 14048 23739030 8.4 gc cr multi block request 62607541 120749 32769490 .5 gc current multi block request 2434606 57 775560 .3 gc cr block 2-way 128246261 19168 77706850 .6 gc cr block 3-way 126605477 22339 124231140 1 !.

22!

Last 10 Waits
! View V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY ! Shows last 10 waits for active sessions

23!

Active Session History


! Captures the state of all active sessions in memory ! Visible through V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY ! Part of diagnostic and tuning pack. extra cost ! Held for 30 minutes ! Then stored in AWR DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HIST

24!

Tracing
! DBMS_MONITOR begin dbms_monitor.session_trace_enable( session_id => &sid, serial_num => &serial, waits => TRUE, binds => TRUE ); end;

25!

Analyze Tracefile
! TKPROF is the tool $ tkprof u/p <inputfile> <outputfile>
<Outputfile> is a text file

26!

Summary
! Find out what is the immediate symptom CPU, I/O running high or a specific session is slow ! Find out who is consuming the most of the resource ! If a specific session is slow, find out what it is waiting on ! Get more information on the session
! what all the session has been waiting on, what resources it has consumed so far, etc

! Trace to get a timeline of events.

27!

Thank You!
Blog: arup.blogspot.com Twitter: @arupnanda

SAVE THE DATE! COLLABORATE 13 April 7-11, 2013 Colorado Convention Center Denver, Colorado ! http://collaborate13.ioug.org

You might also like