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Complex Analysis For Kerala University B Tech Semester 4

This document discusses various topics in complex analysis including: 1. Representation of complex numbers, complex functions, limits, continuity, differentiability. 2. Cauchy-Riemann equations, analytic functions, harmonic functions, and finding harmonic conjugates. 3. Cauchy's theorem, integral formulae, Taylor series, Laurent series, singularities, residues. 4. The residue theorem and its application to evaluating improper integrals.

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Anoop Vilakkuvettom T
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246 views39 pages

Complex Analysis For Kerala University B Tech Semester 4

This document discusses various topics in complex analysis including: 1. Representation of complex numbers, complex functions, limits, continuity, differentiability. 2. Cauchy-Riemann equations, analytic functions, harmonic functions, and finding harmonic conjugates. 3. Cauchy's theorem, integral formulae, Taylor series, Laurent series, singularities, residues. 4. The residue theorem and its application to evaluating improper integrals.

Uploaded by

Anoop Vilakkuvettom T
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPLEX

ANALYSIS
S4 CE & EEE B TECH KERALA UNIVERSITY
PREPARED BY ANOOP T ASST PROFESSOR DEPT OF MATHEMATICS HEERA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

Complex Number

= +
= ()

Where = () and + = and = 2 2

Representation

= + = = +i = ( + )

Complex function

= +
2


Eg: = + , , etc.

Limit of a complex function

()
We write,

lim () =

Limit Using

> 0 > 0 < <

Continuity of a complex function

() ()
We write,

lim () = ()

ContinuityUsing

> 0 > 0 < () <

Differentiable complex function is differentiable at z if + () lim = 0 exists

C-R Equations
If

= + Then = =

Analytic Function

= =

Analytic Function
(Sufficient Condition)
, , , , ,

Note
C-R

Equations are not SUFFICIENT for differentiability If C-R Equations are not satisfied the function is not differentiable A function may be differentiable at a point but not analytic there Eg: = at = .

Note
Entire

function:- analytic in the entire complex plane Singularity:- the point at which the function fails to be analytic

Harmonic Function
(, )

+ =

Harmonic Conjugate
If

are and

= + is
Then is called the

How to find Harmonic Conjugate

Using

Equations Milne-Thompson Method

Milne-Thompson Method

If f = , + , , then

f = , + , or f = , + , + = and = in the above 2 2 = OR = , + (, ) , (, )

Results

()

Results
If

is analytic then () is also analytic An analytic function is independent of = + is analytic, then = and = are families of curves cutting orthogonally

Cauchys Theorem
If

is analytic at all points within and on a simple closed curve then () = 0

Note:
if

() is analytic on a region bounded by two simple closed curves 1 2 () =


1 2

()

Converse of Cauchys Theorem


Converse For

of the theorem is not in general true =

Eg:
=

But

is not analytic at =

Cauchys Integral Formulae


Let

f be analytic on a simply connected domain D, Suppose that . Let C is a simple closed curve in D that encloses z

Cauchys Integral Formulae


Let

f be analytic on a simply connected domain D, Suppose that . Let C is a simple closed curve in D that encloses z

()

! =

Taylors Series & Laurents Series

Taylors Series

let be analytic inside a circle C with center at and radius . Then at each point z in C 2 3 = + () + + 2! 3! +

Note:
The

largest circle = for which the Taylors series converges is called the circle

convergence
and

of

radius of convergence

its radius is called the

Laurents Series
Let 1

and 2 be two concentric circles with center at and radii 1 2 with 2 < 1 . If is analytic in the ring shaped region can be represented by


=0 Analytic Part


=1 Principal Part

Maclaurins Series
In

Taylors series put = 0


2 3 = 0 + (0) + 0 + 0 + 2! 3!

Singularities
Removable

Singularity

Pole

Essential

Residue
1 Coefficient of in the Laurents expansion

Residue at a simple pole

Res () = lim
=

Residue at a pole of order m

1 Res () = lim 1 [ = 1 !

Residue
If

= is a simple pole and =

() 0 and = 0, then

()

where

Res () = = ()

Residue theorem
Let be an analytic function within and on a closed curve C, except at a finite number of singular points , , . , interior to C, Then,

() =
=

()
=

Improper integrals
Type
2

1.

(, ) OR
0
Consider = 1, 1 1 = + 2 1 1 = 2

(, )

Improper integrals
Type

2.

() are polynomials with deg of g(x) exceeds deg of f(x) by atleast 2 and there is no zeroes of g(z) lie on the real axis Consider consisting of the real line from R to R and the upper semi circle |z|=1.

-R

|z|=1

Improper integrals
Type

3.

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