reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 1 SAT Math Study Guide 2.2 Begin with the Math Diagnostic Test.

Use the test to direct you to the videos that target your weaknesses in content and/or application. This study guide is for use with the SAT Math Bootcamp video series & the introduction videos of the SAT Math Tactics series. You can find these videos in the Math section of reasonprep.com. SAT Math Bootcamp Covers the CONTENT tested on the SAT. Check the lines after you watch the video.
___ #1 Properties of Integers ___ #2 Number Lines ___ #3 Squares and Square Roots ___ #4 Fractions ___ #5 Reciprocals ___ #6 Decimals ___ #7 Factors ___ #8 Remainders ___ #9 Multiples ___ #10 Prime Numbers ___ #11 Ratios and Proportions ___ #12 Percents; Fractions & Decimals Revisited ___ #13 Sequences ___ #14 Sets ___ #15 Counting Problems ___ #16 Algebra Basics ___ #17 Factoring Expressions ___ #18 Exponents and Exponent Rules ___ #19 Exponent and Radical Equations ___ #20 Solving SAT Equations ___ #21 Absolute Value ___ #22 Translating Word Problems into Eqns. ___ #23 Inequalities ___ #24 Systems of Equations ___ #25 Solving Quadratic Equations ___ #26 Rational Equations ___ #27 Direct & Inverse Variation ___ #28 Functions ___ #29 Special or Symbolic Functions ___ #30 Transformations ___ #31 Geometry Basics ___ #32 Angles ___ #33 Triangle Basics ___ #34 Special Triangles ___ #35 Congruence and Similarity ___ #36 Triangle Inequality ___ #37 Quadrilaterals ___ #38 Area and Perimeter ___ #39 Polygons ___ #40 Circles

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 2
___ #41 Solids ___ #42 Lines & Slopes ___ #43 Miscellaneous Formulas ___ #44 Geometric Transformations ___ #45 Charts & Graphs ___ #46 Mean, Median, Mode ___ #47 Probability ___ #48 Geometric Probability

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 3 #1 - Properties of Integers (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Arithmetic videos) Integer: any positive or negative whole number, including 0. NOT a decimal or fraction.

Consecutive Integers: Integers follow each other in order four consecutive integers five consecutive even integers four largest consecutive negative odd integers

Odd & Even Integers even odd -

even + even = even + odd = odd + odd = even x even = even x odd = odd x odd =

Additive Identity: Multiplicative Identity: Zero Property of Multiplication: NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 4 #2 - Number Lines (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Number Line videos)

Estimating unlabeled points

Operations with points x-y= |x| - |y|=

Finding the "jumps"

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 5 #3 - Squares and Square Roots (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Radicals videos)

x = x2 = y = y2 = x = x =

Inverse Operations

Squaring Fractions

Cubing Fractions and Beyond

Memorize the rules and/or reproduce them on demand.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 6 #4 - Fractions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Fractions videos) An elementary school topic....remember the properties...know how to work them by hand...don't just rely on calculator...

Adding & Subtracting Fractions

Simplifying Fractions

Mixed Numbers & Improper Fractions

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 7 Multiplying & Dividing Fractions

Nested Fractions

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #5 - Reciprocals

Negative Reciprocal

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 8 #6 - Decimals

Rounding

Adding & Subtracting Decimals

Multiplying & Dividing Decimals

Repeating Decimals & Grid-Ins

Scientific Notation

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 9 #7 - Factors (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Factors videos) Factor: number that divides into another number without remainder (a.k.a. equally)

Prime Factorization

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #8 - Remainders (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Remainder videos) What's left over after you've divided as much as you can?

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 10 #9 - Multiples (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Arithmetic videos) Multiples of a number n are numbers that n is a factor of or just multiply your number n x 1, x 2, x 3, ...

Least Common Multiple (Denominator)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #10 - Prime Numbers (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Arithmetic videos) Prime number: number that is divisible by one and itself ONLY

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 11 #11 - Ratios and Proportions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Ratio, Proportions videos) Ratio: relative size of two quantities (their relationship)

Ratios vary by common multiples up and down, yielding... Proportions:

100 tea bags contain 8 oz. of tea. How much do 3 bags of tea weigh?

Ratio Box In science class, there are two boys for every five girls. If there are 35 total students in the class, how many are boys?

Rates & Speed: NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 12 #12 - Percents, Fractions, Decimals (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Percents, Fractions videos) Percent: out of 100 Percent 25% Fraction 9/200 .45 Percent to Fraction Decimal

Percent to Decimal

Fraction to Percent

Fraction to Decimal

Decimal to Percent

Decimal to Fraction

Translating Words to Equations With Percents What is 25% of 50?

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 13 Translation rules: What, a number (variable) is, is equal to % of = decimal form multiply

32 is what percent of 96?

Real SAT Grid-in: If a + 2b is equal to 125% of 4b, what is a/b?

If 20% of m is 40, what is 15% of m?

For more example problems from real SATs, see SAT Math Tactics. NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 14 #13 - Sequences (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Sequences videos) Find the Rule & Extrapolate

Given the Rule, then Extrapolate The first term of a sequence is 5. Each term after the first is three times the previous term. What is the 4th term of this sequence?

Plenty of examples in SAT Math Tactics, including those questions that seem "impossible," e.g. ask for the 122nd term. NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #14 - Sets (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Sets videos) Set: a collection of things; made up of members or elements

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 15 Venn Diagrams

See SAT Math Tactics for example problems. NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #15 - Counting Problems (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Counting Problems videos) How many ways can we arrange things in orders or groups? Ex. You have five shirts and four pairs of jeans. How many different outfits can you make?

Ex. Twelve ice skaters are competing in the final match. How many different ways could you award gold, silver, and bronze medals to skaters in this group if you only have one of each medal?

Ex. There are ten dancers in your group. You need to arrange them into pairs for the competition. How many different pairs of dancers could you create?

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 16 #16 - Algebra Basics (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos) Adding/Subtracting v. Multiplying Dividing

Solving for x Two rules: 1) Get x by itself 2) Whatever you do to one side, you must do to the other (can't target individual terms)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 17 #17 - Factoring Expressions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos) 1) Difference of two perfect squares

2) Finding common factors

3) FOIL

(x + y)2

(x - y)2

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 18 #18 - Exponents & Exponent Rules (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Exponents videos) Definitions

Exponent Rules 1)

2)

3)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 19 #19 - Exponent and Radical Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Exponents, Radicals videos)

Check out SAT Math Tactics: Exponents for actual problems. NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #20 - Solving SAT Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos) The SAT knows you will approach algebra problems like you were taught in high school algebra, so sometimes you'll need to think outside the box.

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 20 Solving for a variable in terms of another: If 4x+2y = z, what is x in terms of y and z?

The best way to learn: real practice problems. See SAT Math Tactics: Algebra. NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #21 - Absolute Value (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Absolute Value videos) Definition:

Example:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 21 #22 - Translating Word Problems (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

3 times the quantity (4x+6)

A number y decreased by 60

Five less than k

x less than y

20 divided by y, quotient

20 divided into a number n

is, is equal to, was, equals, has

more than, sum, greater than [five more than x]

less than, difference, fewer than [the difference of a and b]

of, product

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 22 #23 - Inequalities (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Inequalities videos) Definitions:

Examples:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #24 - Systems of Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 23 #25 - Solving Quadratic Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Parabolas videos) No quadratic formula needed...just find the roots

Axis of Symmetry:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #26 - Rational Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos) Polynomial in numerator and denominator...

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 24 #27 - Direct and Inverse Variation (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Direct and Inverse Variation videos) Directly proportional...varies directly

A is directly proportional to B. If A = 10 when B = 2, then what does A equal when B is 6?

Inversely proportional...varies inversely

When x = 12, y = 10. If x varies inversely with y, what does y equal when x is 30?

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 25 #28 - Functions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Functions videos) Input --> Output

SAT: Know when to look for input vs. output

Graphing Functions

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 26 #29 - Symbolic Functions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Symbolic Functions videos) Input vs. Output Let a$b = (a+b)/(a-b). What does 3$5 equal?

If a$3 = 3, what does a equal?

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #30 - Transformations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Transformations videos) Function Notation

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 27

Negatives

Absolute Value

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 28 #31 - Geometry Basics

#32 - Angles (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Angles videos)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 29 #33 - Triangle Basics (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Triangles videos)

#34 - Special Triangles (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Triangles videos) Pythagorean Triples

45-45-90

30-60-90

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 30 #35 - Congruence & Similarity (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Similar Triangles videos) Corresponding Sides & Angles: Two congruent triangles will have equivalent pairs of sides and angles. (Fancy: Corresponding sides and angles occupy the same relative position.)

Similar Triangles:

#36 - Triangle Inequality (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Triangles, Miscellaneous videos)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 31 #37 - Quadrilaterals (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Area, Perimeter videos) Angles in quadrilateral add to 360 Parallelogram: opposite sides are parallel and congruent; opposite angles are equal

Rectangle:

Square:

#38 - Area and Perimeter (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Area, Perimeter videos) Perimeter: Sum of all sides

Area: Formulas at front of each math section

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 32 #39 - Polygons (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Polygons videos) Shapes with more than four sides: 5 - pentagon 6 - hexagon 8 - octagon Regular polygon: equal sides and angles

Sum of Angles:

Measure of one angle in n-sided regular polygon:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 33 #40 - Circles (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Circles videos)

radius

diameter

circumference

area

arc

sector

central angle

tangent

NOTES & QUESTIONS

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 34 #41 - Solid Geometry (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Solid Geometry videos) Cube:

Rectangular solid/rectangular prism:

Cylinder:

Other Solids:

Surface area: sum of areas of faces

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 35 #42 - Lines and Slopes (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Lines videos)

Slope:

"Rise over run"

Slope-intercept formula

Parallel lines: slopes of lines are equal Perpendicular lines: slopes of lines are negative reciprocals

NOTES & QUESTIONS

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 36 #43 - Miscellaneous Formulas Midpoint formula:

Distance formula:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #44 - Geometric Transformations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Spatial Reasoning, Transformations videos) Translation:

Dilation:

Rotation:

Reflection:

Symmetry:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 37 #45 - Charts & Graphs (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Charts & Graphs videos) Pie chart/circle graph:

See Math Tactics! Line graph:

Bar Graph:

Pictograph:

Table:

Scatterplots:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 38 #46 - Mean, Median, Mode (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Mean, Median, Mode videos) Median: middle number of ordered list

Mode: number that appears the most

Average/Arithmetic mean:

See Math Tactics for arithmetic mean tricks, especially "finding the total" NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #47 - Probability (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Probability videos) Chance that some event will occur.

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 39 #48 - Geometric Probability (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Miscellaneous videos)

Estimate:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 40 SAT Math Tactics Covers the APPLICATION of SAT content to real SAT problems Videos #1-7 are located on reasonprep.com for free. The rest of the videos, listed in this table of contents, are in the Members Area. Learn more about the Members Area at reasonprep.com/enroll/
___ #1 Introduction ___ #2 Math Section Basics ___ #3 Pacing and Guessing ___ #4 Math Myths ___ #5 Core Strategy ___ #6 General Strategies ___ #7 How to Get an 800 ___ ALGEBRA ___ Solve the Equation ___ Substitutions ___ Test the Answers ___ Translate Words into Equation ___ Translate the Real into Equation ___ Multiple Equations ___ Stack Em ___ Plug In ___ Shortcuts ___ Cross Multiply ___ Use the Rules ___ Distributive Property ___ Finding Constants ___ Equal Parts ___ FUNCTIONS ___ Input v. Output ___ Tables ___ Graphs ___ Plug In Values ___ Exponentials ___ Translation & Constants ___ Nested Functions ___ ARITHMETIC ___ Basic Operations ___ Prime Numbers ___ Evens & Odds ___ Ordering ___ Must or Could Be True ___ New Definitions ___ Digits ___ Multiples ___ ANGLES ___ The Angle Game ___ Parallel Lines ___ Triangles ___ Plugging In ___ LINES ___ Finding the Equatino ___ Slope ___ Rise Over Run ___ Parallel & Perpendicular ___ Best Fit Line ___ TRIANGLES ___ Sides ___ Using the Pythagorean Theorem ___ Special Triangles ___ Equilateral & Isosceles ___ Overlapping Shapes ___ CHARTS & GRAPHS ___ Read Carefully! ___ Fill in the Blanks ___ Must Be True ___ Combined With Other Topics

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 41

___ CIRCLES ___ Get the Radius ___ Circle Logics ___ Circumference ___ Overlapping Shapes ___ Central Angles ___ Area ___ SEQUENCES ___ Find the Rule ___ Using Expressions ___ Extrapolate ___ EXPONENTS ___ Know the Rules ___ Fractional and Negative Exponents ___ Exponent Equations ___ MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE ___ Find the Total ___ Plug In Values ___ Test the Answers ___ Understand the Median ___ AREA ___ Use the Equation ___ Divide Figures Into Shapes ___ Use Triangles ___ Shaded Area ___ Properties of Squares ___ PERCENTS ___ Translate Into Equation ___ Circle Graphs ___ INEQUALITIES ___ Test Different Values ___ Create Inequalities

___ LOGIC ___ Brainteaser Problems ___ Must/Could Be True ___ FRACTIONS ___ Know Fraction Properties ___ Basic Operations ___ Translate Into Equation ___ COUNTING PROBLEMS ___ Use the Lines Method ___ Do Restrictions First ___ Brute Force ___ Eliminate Extra Pairs ___ Be Systematic ___ SOLID GEOMETRY ___ Volume ___ Cubes Find Edges ___ Enclosed Shapes ___ Use Triangles ___ Sketch the Problem ___ Surface Area ___ Cylinders ___ Other Solids ___ PARABOLAS ___ Understanding Roots ___ Symmetry ___ PERIMETER ___ SETS ___ Union and Intersection ___ Venn Diagrams ___ SYMBOLIC FUNCTIONS

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 42
___ NUMBER LINE ___ Interpolate Values ___ Absolute Value ___ Getting the Tick Marks ___ With Exponents ___ ABSOLUTE VALUE ___ Inequalities ___ Coordinate Geometry ___ Equations & Ranges ___ PROBABILITY ___ COORDINATE GEOMETRY ___ Strategies ___ Midpoints ___ SPATIAL REASONING ___ Strategies ___ Move Around Shapes ___ RATIO ___ Strategies ___ Geometric Ratios ___ LINE SEGMENTS ___ Strategies ___ Logics ___ PROPORTIONS ___ TRANSFORMATIONS ___ Strategies ___ Geometric Transformations ___ RADICALS ___ POLYGONS ___ REMAINDER ___ DIRECT & INDIRECT VARIATION ___ FACTORS ___ SIMILAR TRIANGLES ___ SCIENTIFIC NOTATION ___ MISCELLANEOUS ___ Geometric Probability ___ Percent Change ___ Triangle Inequality ___ Tangents

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 43 #1 - Introduction, SAT Math Tactics In this video: What does SAT Math Tactics cover? How to use the videos How to practice SAT Math Bootcamp: ________________________________ SAT Math Tactics: __________________________________

SAT Math Tactics videos are: in order of importance dedicated to one topic, but can cover multiple topics intended to teach you problem solving FLEXIBILITY

How to Use the Videos 1. Download the SAT Math Study Guide & 4 Practice Tests 2. Watch the videos & take notes 3. Do practice problems before I do 4. Rewatch videos as necessary How to Practice (see my video on Youtube titled: "Don't Take Practice SATs" 1. Untimed questions 2. Untimed sections 3. Timed sections 4. Full tests When practicing, make sure you: check answers and make sure you go over ALL questions find different ways to solve questions you got right figure out what went wrong on incorrect questions struggle with problems that you got wrong or omitted ask me for further help when necessary

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 44 #2 - Math Section Basics, SAT Math Tactics

_______ Sections _______ Q ________ minutes _______ Q ________ minutes _______ Q ________ minutes

How the Math Section is Scored: Right ______ Omit ______ Wrong ______

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 45

Order of Difficulty:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 46 Section Instructions:

Other More or Less Important Math Formulas:

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 47 #3 - Pacing and Guessing, SAT Math Tactics Your most limited resource: ___________________________

How many questions should I do?

<600: _________________________________________________

>600: _________________________________________________

>700: _________________________________________________

Omitting vs. Guessing

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 48 #4 - SAT Math Myths, SAT Math Tactics

Myth #1: The SAT tests advanced math.

Myth #2: SAT solutions are complicated.

Myth #3: The SAT is like a high school math test.

Myth #4: If you know all the math content, you'll get an 800.

Myth #5: SAT math is just math.

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 49 #5 - Core Strategy, SAT Math Tactics

Approach SAT math problems as "puzzles" or "brainteasers."

2. Stop and write down/sketch out each piece of information.

3. Circle what the problem is asking for.

4. Solve the problem; seek the 30 Second Solution.

5. If you get stuck, reread the question.

6. Keep moving - mark questions and return later.

7. If time permits, review your answers.

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 50 #6 - General Strategies, SAT Math Tactics 1. Break questions into pieces - whole questions are indigestible! 2. Think with your pencil - write everything down & draw, draw, draw. 3. Don't do everything in your head. 4. Use all the information given. 5. Take advantage of multiple choice - test the answers. 6. "Figure not drawn to scale" and "it cannot be determined from the information given"... 7. Eliminate choices when you can and guess if necessary. 8. Use your calculator effectively. 9. Use brute force when necessary! 10. Don't get bogged down - keep moving. Mark problems for future review. 11. Is your answer reasonable? 12. Be systematic with I, II, III problems. 13. Pay attention to "must be true" and "could be true." 14. If the answer choices contain variables, plug in your own numbers. #7 - How to Get an 800, SAT Math Tactics 1. Master all content.

2. Practice - get in your repetitions, especially hard questions.

3. Flexibility - practice multiple ways of answering Qs

4. Check your work as you go - constantly review & revise

5. Most important: use time at the end of each section to check answers.

reasonprep.com -- [email protected] -- 51 Congrats on making it to the end of the study guide! There are hundreds more SAT Math Tactics videos and practice problems waiting for you in the Members Area of Reason Prep.

To find out more about the Members Area, go to reasonprep.com/enroll/