Table of Contents

About the Author ...............................................................................................xi

Chapter 1.0 What Is Industrial Ethernet? ......................................................1
1.1 Introduction ..........................................................................1
1.2 A Very, Very Short History of Ethernet
and TCP/IP ...........................................................................3
Chapter 2.0 A Brief Tutorial on Digital Communication............................5
2.1 Digital Communication Terminology.................................6
2.2 Whats the Difference Between a Protocol
and a Network? .....................................................................8
2.3 Basic Topologies .................................................................10
2.4 Arbitration Mechanisms .....................................................14
2.5 LAN vs. WAN vs. VPN ......................................................15
Chapter 3.0 Ethernet Hardware Basics.........................................................17
3.1 Ethernet Terminology ........................................................17
3.2 Ethernet Hardware LEDs....................................................26
3.3 Physical/Embedded Components: MAC, PHY,
and Magnetics .....................................................................27
3.4 Auto-Negotiation ................................................................28
3.5 Network Collisions and Arbitration: An Analogy ............30
3.6 How the CSMA/CD Protocol Works ...............................31
3.7 The Basic Ethernet Design Rules....................................33
3.8 Would Somebody Please Explain This 7-Layer
Networking Model?...........................................................33
3.9 Connectors..........................................................................36
3.10 Pinouts.................................................................................37
Chapter 4.0 TCP/IP and Ethernet Protocol Basics .....................................43
4.1 Origin and Purpose.............................................................43
4.2 TCP/IP Packet Format ........................................................43
4.3 IP v.4 Basics.........................................................................44
4.4 The New Internet Protocol Version 6................................45
4.5 TCP/IP Organizational Structure.......................................45
4.6 IP Structure and Internet Layer Protocols..........................46
4.7 Why IP Addresses Are Necessary .......................................46
4.8 Network ID vs. Host ID .....................................................47
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ix

4.9 Legacy Address Classes .......................................................47

4.10 Today: Classless Subnet Masks ..........................................47
4.11 Assigning IP Addresses: Will Your Private LAN
be Connected to the Internet? ...........................................49
4.12 Reducing the Number of Addresses Routers
Must Advertise with Supermasks ....................................50
4.13 Ports .....................................................................................51
4.14 Sockets.................................................................................51
4.15 TCP, IP, UDP, and the Family of Related Protocols ........52
Chapter 5.0 Basic Ethernet Building Blocks ................................................63
5.1 Devices ................................................................................63
Chapter 6.0 Network Health, Monitoring, & System Maintenance .........75
6.1 What is it that makes a network run well?.........................75
6.2 Popular PC-Based Ethernet Utilities, Software,
and Tools.............................................................................80
Chapter 7.0 Installation, Troubleshooting, and Maintenance Tips..........85
7.1 Ethernet Grounding Rules..................................................85
7.2 When You Install Cable.....................................................89
7.3 How to Ensure Good Fiber-Optic Connections ...............90
Chapter 8.0 Ethernet Industrial Protocols, Fieldbuses, and
Legacy Networks .......................................................................93
8.1 Encapsulating Industrial Protocols in TCP/IP...................94
Chapter 9.0 Basic Precautions for Network Security................................105
Appendix Power on Ethernet....................................................................107
Index .................................................................................................................109

TABLE OF CONTENTS