Circulatory System Guided Note-Taking
Functions of the Circulatory System
Large organisms cannot rely on ______________________. Humans and other vertebrates have __________________
circulatory systems. Circulating fluid called ____________________ is pumped through a system of ____________________.
The human circulatory system consists of the _______________, a series of _________________ ______________, and the
__________________ that flows through them.
The Heart
The heart is enclosed in a protective sac of tissue called the __________________________. The thick layer of muscle tissue
in the heart is called the ____________________________. The powerful contractions of this muscle pump blood through
the ____________________ _____________________. A _______________ divides the right side of the heart from the left side of the
heart. This wall prevents _______________ of oxygen-_____________ and oxygen-________________ blood. The upper
chamber that receives the blood is the ______________ and the lower chamber that pumps blood out of the heart is
called the ________________. The heart has ______ chambers, ________ atria and _______ ventricles.
The ______________ side of the heart pumps blood from the heart to the ______________. This is called
_______________________ ______________________. In the lungs, _________________ is absorbed into the blood. The oxygen-rich
blood flows into the ______________ side of the heart and is pumped to the rest of the _________________. This is called
_________________ ______________________. Blood that returns to the right side of the heart is ______________________________.
At this point the blood is ready for another trip to the __________________.
Blood enters the heart through the _______________ atrium from the _________________ vena cave and the _______________
vena cava. The blood then passes through the tricuspid valve on the way to the right _________________. Blood is
pumped from the right _________________ out the pulmonary __________________ to the lungs, where it becomes oxygen__________________. The oxygen-______________ blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary ____________________ where it
enters the heart in the ___________ atrium. The oxygen-rich blood passes through the mitral valve into the ___________
____________________, where it is then pumped out of the heart via the ___________________ to the body.
Blood Vessels
As blood flows through the circulatory system it moves through 3 types of blood vessels: ___________________,
_____________________ & ______________________. Large vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called
__________________. Except for the ______________________ __________________, all _________________ carry oxygen-rich blood.
The smallest of the blood vessels are the __________________. These connect arteries and veins and are where
_______________ and ________________ is brought to tissues. ___________________ return blood to the heart. Large __________
contain _______________ that keep blood flowing to the heart.
Blood Pressure
Like any pump, the heart produces ____________________. The force of blood on the arteries wall is known as
_________________ ____________________. A _____________________________________ is a device to measure blood pressure.
Disorders of the Circulatory System
Many disorders of the circulatory system stem from _____________________, which is fatty deposits called
_____________________ that builds up on the walls of ____________________. High blood pressure forces the heart to work
______________ which damages or weakens it over time. Blockage of an artery can cause a ____________ ________________.
Blood clots that prevent blood flow to the brain is called a __________________.
