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Chuong Trinh

The document describes algorithms for drawing circles and lines in graphics. It includes: 1) The Midpoint circle algorithm for drawing circles using integer coordinates and increments. 2) Bresenham's line algorithm for drawing lines in a raster display. It presents optimized versions for lines with slopes between 0-1, 1 and above, -1 to 0, and below -1. 3) A circle drawing algorithm attributed to Michener that optimizes the Midpoint circle algorithm.

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31 views

Chuong Trinh

The document describes algorithms for drawing circles and lines in graphics. It includes: 1) The Midpoint circle algorithm for drawing circles using integer coordinates and increments. 2) Bresenham's line algorithm for drawing lines in a raster display. It presents optimized versions for lines with slopes between 0-1, 1 and above, -1 to 0, and below -1. 3) A circle drawing algorithm attributed to Michener that optimizes the Midpoint circle algorithm.

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<thuat toan midpoint ve duong tron>

#include<conio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void Mcircle(int xo,int yo,int R)
{ int x,y,p,c;
setviewport(xo,yo,xo+R,yo+R,0);
p=1-R;
x=0;y=R;c=getcolor();
while(x<=y)
{ putpixel(x,y,c);putpixel(-x,y,c);
putpixel(x,-y,c);putpixel(-x,-y,c);
putpixel(y,x,c);putpixel(y,-x,c);
putpixel(-y,x,c);putpixel(-y,-x,c);
if(p<0) p+=2*x+3;
else {p+=2*(x-y)+5;y--;}
x++;
}
}
void main()
{
int gd=0,gm,R,x,y;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"F:\\learn\\TC\\BGI");
printf("nhap x=");scanf("%d",&x);
printf("nhap y=");scanf("%d",&y);
printf("nhap R=");scanf("%d",&R);
setcolor(3);
Mcircle(x,y,R);
getch();
closegraph();
}

//ve duong thang thuat toan Bresenham


#include <conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void Bresline(int xa,int ya,int xb,int yb,int c){
int dx,dy,edy,e,esi,x,y;
dx=xb-xa;
dy=yb-ya;
edy=dy+dy;//2*delta(y)
e=edy-dx;//e1
esi=e-dx;//2*delta(y)-2*delta(x)
x=xa;
y=ya;
while(x<=xb){
putpixel(x,y,c);
if(e<0) e+=edy;
else { e+=esi;
y++;
}
x++;
}
}
void main(){
int gd=0,gm=0,xa,ya,xb,yb,c;
printf("Nhap toa do diem A: \n");
printf("Xa= ");scanf("%d",&xa);
printf("\nYa= ");scanf("%d",&ya);
printf("\nNhap toa do diem B: \n");
printf("Xa= ");scanf("%d",&xb);
printf("\nYa= ");scanf("%d",&yb);
printf("\n Nhap mau: ");scanf("%d",&c);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"F:\\learn\\tc\\bgi");
Bresline(xa,ya,xb,yb,c);
line(xa+5,ya,xb+5,yb);
getch();
closegraph();
}

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void hoanvi(int *,int *,int *,int
void Bresenham1(int,int ,int ,int
void Bresenham2(int,int ,int ,int
void Bresenham3(int,int ,int ,int
void Bresenham4(int,int ,int ,int
void Bresenham5(int,int ,int ,int
void main() {

*);
);
);
);
);
);

int gd=0,gm,xa,ya,xb,yb,xmax,ymax;
float m;
clrscr();
printf("\nnhap toa do A: ");
scanf("%d%d",&xa,&ya);
printf("\nnhap toa do B:");
scanf("%d%d",&xb,&yb);
if((xb-xa)!=0)
m=(yb-ya)/float(xb-xa);
printf("\nm= %f",m);
getch();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"D:\\TC\\BGI");
setcolor(4);
if(xa>xb) hoanvi(&xa,&ya,&xb,&yb);
if(m>0&&m<1)
Bresenham1(xa,ya,xb,yb);
if(m>1)
Bresenham2(xa,ya,xb,yb);
if(m>-1&&m<0)
Bresenham3(xa,ya,xb,yb);
if(m<-1)
Bresenham4(xa,ya,xb,yb);
if(xa==xb||ya==yb||m==1)
Bresenham5(xa,ya,xb,yb);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void hoanvi(int*xa,int *ya,int *xb,int *yb)
{
int tam;
tam=*xa;
*xa=*xb;
*xb=tam;
tam=*ya;
*ya=*yb;
*yb=tam;
}
// ********* 0<M<1****************
void Bresenham1(int xa,int ya,int xb,int yb)
{
int x,y,dx,dy,e,ekt,et,c;
dx = xb-xa;
dy=yb-ya;
ekt=dy+dy;
e=ekt-dx;
et=e-dx;
c=getcolor();
for(x=xa,y=ya;x<=xb;x++){
putpixel(x,y,c);
if(e<0)
e+=ekt;
else {
y++;
e+=et;
}
}
outtextxy(200,200,"truonghop1");
}

//***********M>1*******************
void Bresenham2(int xa,int ya,int xb,int yb)
{
int x,y,dx,dy,e,ekt,et,c;
dx = xb-xa;
dy=yb-ya;
ekt=dx+dx;
e=ekt-dy;
et=e-dy;
c=getcolor();
for(x=xa,y=ya;x<=xb;y++){
putpixel(x,y,c);
if(e<0)
e+=ekt;
else {
x++;
e+=et;
}
}
}

outtextxy(200,200,"truonghop2");

//************* -1<M<0 ************


void Bresenham3(int xa,int ya,int xb,int yb)
{
int x,y,dx,dy,e,ekt,et,c;
dx = xb-xa;
dy=yb-ya;
ekt=-(dy+dy);
e=ekt-dx;
et=e-dx;
c=getcolor();
for(x=xa,y=ya;x<=xb;x++){
putpixel(x,y,c);
if(e<0)
e+=ekt;
else {
y--;
e+=et;
}
}
outtextxy(200,200,"truonghop3");
}
// *********** M<-1 ******************
void Bresenham4(int xa,int ya,int xb,int yb)
{
int x,y,dx,dy,e,ekt,et,c;
dx = xb-xa;
dy=yb-ya;
ekt=dx+dx;
e=ekt+dy;
et=e+dy;
c=getcolor();
for(x=xa,y=ya;y>=xb;y--){
putpixel(x,y,c);
if(e<0)
e+=ekt;
else {
x++;
e+=et;
}
}
outtextxy(200,200,"truonghop4");
}
// *********** TH khac ****************
void Bresenham5(int xa,int ya,int xb,int yb)
{

int x,y,c;
c=getcolor();
if(xa==xb){
for(y=ya;y<=yb;y++)
putpixel(xa,y,c);
}
if(ya==yb){
for(x=xa;x<=xb;x++)
putpixel(x,ya,c);
}
if((xb-xa)/(yb-ya)==1) {
for(x=xa,y=ya;x<=xb;x++,y++)
putpixel(x,y,c);
}
outtextxy(200,200,"truonghop5");

Thut ton Michener k ng trn :


#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void marde(int a,int b,int r);
void main()
{
int r,c,gd=0,gm,a,b;
printf("\nnhap tao do tam : ");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf("\nnhap ban kinh r: ");
scanf("%d",&r);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"D:\\TC\\BGI");
marde(a,b,r);
circle(a,b,r);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void marde(int a,int b,int r)
{
int x,y,d,c;
d=3-2*r;
x=0;y=r;
c=getcolor();
while(x<=y) {
putpixel(x+a,y+b,c);
putpixel(-x+a,y+b,c);
putpixel(x+a,-y+b,c);
putpixel(-x+a,-y+b,c);
putpixel(y+b,x+a,c);
putpixel(y+b,-x+a,c);
putpixel(-y+b,x+a,c);
putpixel(-y+b,-x+a,c);
if(d<0) d+=4*x+6;
else {
d+=4*(x-y)+10;
y--;
}
x++;
}
}

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