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Calcium Homeostasis: Bone Blood Ca++ Kidney

Calcium homeostasis involves the balance of calcium intake from the diet, absorption in the small intestine, storage in bone, excretion in urine and feces, and regulation by hormones. Calcium is stored in bones, with about 1000g present. It can be released from bones (resorption) or deposited back into bones. The kidneys and hormones calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D help regulate blood calcium levels by increasing or decreasing calcium absorption, resorption from bone, and excretion. When blood calcium levels drop, PTH and vitamin D are released to increase levels by stimulating bone resorption and absorption from the gut. Calcitonin decreases calcium levels by inhibiting bone

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371 views12 pages

Calcium Homeostasis: Bone Blood Ca++ Kidney

Calcium homeostasis involves the balance of calcium intake from the diet, absorption in the small intestine, storage in bone, excretion in urine and feces, and regulation by hormones. Calcium is stored in bones, with about 1000g present. It can be released from bones (resorption) or deposited back into bones. The kidneys and hormones calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D help regulate blood calcium levels by increasing or decreasing calcium absorption, resorption from bone, and excretion. When blood calcium levels drop, PTH and vitamin D are released to increase levels by stimulating bone resorption and absorption from the gut. Calcitonin decreases calcium levels by inhibiting bone

Uploaded by

OmSilence2651
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calcium homeostasis

kidney bone
calcium deposition

Blood Ca++

calcium resorption 1000 g Ca++ stored in bone

Ca++ absorbed into blood Calcium in the diet

Ca++ lost in urine

calcium lost in feces

small intestine

Calcium homeostasis
storage bone
calcium deposition

kidney Blood Ca++

calcium resorption 1000 g Ca++ stored in bone

intake
Calcium in the diet

Ca++ absorbed into blood

excretion

Ca++ lost in urine

calcium lost in feces

small intestine

Calcium cycling in bone tissue


Bone formation
Osteoblasts
Synthesize a collagen matrix that holds Calcium Phospate in crystallized form Once surrounded by bone, become osteocyte

Bone resorption
Osteoclasts
Change local pH, causing Ca++ and phosphate to dissolve from crystals into extracellular fluids

Calcium homeostasis
kidney bone
calcium deposition

Blood Ca++

calcium resorption

Ca++ absorbed into blood Calcium in the diet

Ca++ lost in urine

calcium lost in feces

small intestine

Hormonal Regulators
Calcitonin (CT) Parathormone (PTH) 1,25 Vitamin D3

Calcitonin (CT)
Secreted from the C cells in the thyroid Lowers Ca++ in blood Promotes deposition of Ca++ into bone (inhibits osteoclasts) Control of secretion from c-cells:

CT

Hormonal Regulators
Calcitonin (CT)
Lowers Ca++ in the blood Inhibits osteoclasts

Parathormone (PTH) 1,25 Vitamin D3

Parathormone (PTH)
Increases Ca++ in blood Increases Ca++ resorption from the bone
Stimulates osteoclasts Increases number of osteoclasts

Increases Ca++ resorption from nephron Control of secretion: Necessary for fine control of Ca++ plasma levels

Hormonal Regulators
Calcitonin (CT)
Lowers Ca++ in the blood Inhibits osteoclasts

Parathormone (PTH)
Increases Ca++ in the blood Stimulates osteoclasts

1,25 Vitamin D3

1,25 Vitamin D3
Increases Ca++ uptake from the gut
Increase transcription and translation of Ca++ transport proteins in gut epithelium

Minor roll: also stimulates osteoclasts


Increase Ca++ resorption from the bone
Cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol

UV

Vitamin D3

25 Vitamin D3 1,25 Vitamin D3

Low plasma Ca++ increase kidney enzymes

Hormonal Regulators
Calcitonin (CT)
Lowers Ca++ in the blood Inhibits osteoclasts

Parathormone (PTH)
Increases Ca++ in the blood Stimulates osteoclasts

1,25 Vitamin D3
Increases Ca++ in the blood Increase Ca++ uptake from the gut Stimulates osteoclasts

Calcium homeostasis
kidney bone
1,25 Vit. D3 (+) Parathormone (+) Calcitonin (-)
resorption deposition

Blood Ca++
PTH
Ca++

1,25 Vit D3
Ca++

Ca++

Ca++

small intestine

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