Partial Differential Equations Formula Sheet

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The formula sheet discusses different types of partial differential equations and their solutions, as well as properties of the Laplace transform.

The formula sheet discusses problems related to wave propagation in strings, thin metal bars, and rectangular membranes, as well as Laplace transforms.

The solution involves representing the function as a sum of sine and cosine terms with coefficients determined by the initial conditions, where the wave numbers are quantized according to the boundary conditions.

FORMULA SHEET

a) The solution of the following problem : 2 2 u 2 u = c x2 t2 u(0, t) = u(L, t) = 0, t u(x, 0) = f (x) ut (x, 0) = g (x), x [0, L] for a string of length L is u(x, t) =
n1 Bn cos(n t) + Bn sin(n t) sin

nx , L

with n = Bn =

cn , L

2 L nx f (x) sin dx , n = 1, 2, . . . and L 0 L L 2 nx Bn = dx, n = 1, 2, . . . g (x) sin cn 0 L b) The solution of the following problem : u 2u = c2 2 t x u (0 , t ) = u(L, t) = 0 u(x, 0) = f (x) for a thin metal bar of length L is nx n 2 t u(x, t) = Bn sin e , L n1 with cn L 2 L nx Bn = f (x) sin dx, n = 1, 2, . . . L 0 L n = c) The solution of the following equation : following rectangle R
1

2u 2u + = 0 in the x2 y 2

FORMULA SHEET

such that u(x, y ) = f (x) on the upper side and 0 on the other sides of R , is :

u(x, y ) =
n1

Bn sin

nx ny sinh , a a

nb 0 a d) The solution of the following problem a sinh

with Bn =

f (x) sin

nx dx, n=1,2,. . . a

2 2 2u u 2 u = c + 2 x2 y 2 t u = 0 on the boundary u(x, y, 0) = f (x, y ) u (x, y, 0) = g (x, y ) t

considered in the following rectangular membrane :

FORMULA SHEET

is u(x, y, t) =
m1 n1

Bmn cos(mn t)+Bmn sin(mn t) sin

mx ny sin , a b

with Bmn 4 = ab
b 0 0 b 0 a

f (x, y ) sin

= Bmn

4 abmn m2 a2

mx ny sin dxdy a b a mx ny g (x, y ) sin sin dxdy a b 0

and mn = c

n2 , m = 1, 2, . . . and n = 1, 2, . . . b2

Laplace transform 1 a) L{1} = s b) L{tn } = c) L{eat } = n! sn+1 , n = 1, 2, 3, . . . 1 sa s2

k + k2 s e) L{cos(kt)} = 2 s + k2 f ) L{f (t a)U (t a)} = eas F (s), where F (s) = L{f (t)}. g ) If f , f ,. . .,f (n1) are continuous on [0, ) and if f (n) (t) is piecewise continuous on [0, ), then d) L{sin(kt)} = L{f (n) (t)} = sn F (s) sn1 f (0) sn2 f (0) . . . f (n1) (0), where F (s) = L{f (t)}.

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