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Homogeneous Differential Equations: Prepared By-Rootvesh S Mehta Sapan Shah

This document defines and provides examples of homogeneous differential equations. It begins by defining a homogeneous function as a function where f(tx,ty) = t^n f(x,y) for some exponent n. It then defines a homogeneous differential equation as one where the functions M(x,y) and N(x,y) are homogeneous of the same degree. The document provides an example of showing a differential equation is homogeneous and outlines a method to solve homogeneous differential equations by substitution to put them into separable variable form.

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63 views8 pages

Homogeneous Differential Equations: Prepared By-Rootvesh S Mehta Sapan Shah

This document defines and provides examples of homogeneous differential equations. It begins by defining a homogeneous function as a function where f(tx,ty) = t^n f(x,y) for some exponent n. It then defines a homogeneous differential equation as one where the functions M(x,y) and N(x,y) are homogeneous of the same degree. The document provides an example of showing a differential equation is homogeneous and outlines a method to solve homogeneous differential equations by substitution to put them into separable variable form.

Uploaded by

rootveshmehta
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homogeneous Differential

Equations
Prepared By-
Rootvesh S Mehta
Sapan Shah
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
Definition-Homogeneous Function
A function f(x,y) is said to be homogeneous
function if f(tx,ty) = t
n
f(x,y) for every t,
where t is in R
Example f(x,y) = x
2
+y
2
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
Homogenous Differential Equation
An Equation of the form
Homogenous Differential equation if M(x,y)
and N(x,y) are homogenous functions of same
degree.
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
( , )
( , )
dy M x y
dx N x y
=
Example:1. Show that differential equation
is homogenous differential equation.
( )dx y x xydy
2 2
+ =
Solution:
xy
y x
dx
dy
2 2
+
=
( )
xy
y x
y x f
2 2
,
+
=
( )
xy t
y t x t
ty tx f
2
2 2 2 2
,
+
=
( )
( )
2 2 2
2 2
2
,
t x y
x y
f x y
t xy xy
+
+
= = =
Differential equation is homogeneous
Differential equation is homogeneous
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
METHOD for solving Homogenous differential equations
dx
du
x u
dx
dy
ux y
+ =
=
xdu udx dy + =
Substitute
Substitute
OR
vy x =
ydv vdy dx + =
dy
dv
y v
dy
dx
+ =
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
Using substitution the homogeneous differential equation
is reduce to separable variable form.
Example:2 Solve the homogenous differential equation
xy
y x
dx
dy
2 2
+
=
Solution:
Rewriting in the form :
( ) ( ) 0 , , = + dy y x N dx y x M
.
( ) 0
2 2
= + xydy dx y x
ux y =
xdu udx dy + =
substitute
and
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
( ) ( ) 0
2 2 2 2
= + + xdu udx ux dx u x x
0
3 2 2 2 2 2
= + du ux dx x u dx u x dx x
0
3 2
= du ux dx x
du ux dx x
3 2
=
udu
x
dx x
=
3
2
udu
x
dx
=
is variable separable form
} }
= udx
x
dx
c
u
x + =
2
ln
2
c
x
y
x +
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
2
2
2
1
ln
is general solution.
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General
Thank You
25/5/2010,Maths-3,General

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