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The document provides an example of determining the gain and phase margins of a unity feedback system from its open-loop transfer function G(s). The transfer function is given as G(s) = 1/s^2(1+s)(1+2s). The magnitude and phase of G(jω) are calculated at various frequencies and plotted on a polar graph. From the polar plot, the gain margin is determined to be 1.0 and the phase margin is determined to be -90 degrees.

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Rajaganapathi Rajappan
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40 views3 pages

Material 2

The document provides an example of determining the gain and phase margins of a unity feedback system from its open-loop transfer function G(s). The transfer function is given as G(s) = 1/s^2(1+s)(1+2s). The magnitude and phase of G(jω) are calculated at various frequencies and plotted on a polar graph. From the polar plot, the gain margin is determined to be 1.0 and the phase margin is determined to be -90 degrees.

Uploaded by

Rajaganapathi Rajappan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXAMPLE 3.7 The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G(s) = 1/s(1+s)(1+2s) .

Sketch the polar plot and determine the gain margin and phase margin. Solution : Given that, G(s) = 1/s(1+s)(1+2s) Put s= j G(j) = The corner frequencies are rad/sec and

c2=1rad/sec. The magnitude and phase angle of G(j) are calculated for the corner frequencies and for frequencies and tabulated in table 1.Using polar to rectangular conversion ,the polar coordinates listed in table 1 are converted to rectangular coordinates and tabulated in table 2.The polar plot using polar coordinates is sketched on a polar graph sheet as shown in figure. The polar plot using rectangular coordinates is sketched on an ordinary graph sheet shown in fig. G(j) = = |

= - 90 |= =

G j

- 90 -

TABLE 1 : Magnitude and phase of G j at various frequencies 0.35 rad/sec | | 2.2 G j -144 deg 0.4 1.8 -150 0.45 1.5 -156 0.5 1.2 -162 0.6 0.9 -171 0.7 1.0

0.7 0.3 -198 179.5

1 RESULT Gain margin, kg = 1.4286 Phase margin, = +12

Example 3.8 The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G(s)=1/s2(1+s)(1+2s).Sketch the polar plot and determine the gain margin and phase margin. SOLUTION Given that, G(s)=1/s2(1+s)(1+2s) Put s j, G j The corner frequencies are = 0.5 rad/sec

and 1 The magnitude nd phase angle of G j are calculated for the corner frequencies and frequencies are tabulated in table-1.Using the polar to rectangular conversion, the polar coordinates listed in table-1 are converted to rectangular coordinates and tabulated in table2.The polar plot using polar coordinates is sketched on a polar graph sheet as shown in fig 3.8.1.The polar plot using

rectangular coordinates is sketched on an ordinary graph sheet as shown in fig 3.8.2. G j = G j | |= =


1 =

= -180 TABLE:1 Magnitude and phase plot of G(j frequencies 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 at various 0.75 1.0

0.65 0.7

rad/sec | | 3.3 2.5 1.9 1.5 1.2 0.97 1 0.8 0.3 G j -246 -251 -256 -261 -265 -269 -273 -288 deg TABLE : Real and imaginary parts of G j 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 1.0 rad/sec ) -1.34 -0.81 -0.46 -0.23 -0.1 3.01 2.36 1.84 1.48 1.2 RESULT Gain margin, kg = 0 Phase margin, =-90

-0.02 0.04 0.09 1.0 0.8 0.29

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