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History of Architecture Reviewer

The document provides definitions for various architectural terms from ancient cultures like the Aegean and Greek civilizations. It defines structures like the citadel, megaron, acropolis, agora, orders of architecture, and components of classical architecture such as the column base, shaft, capital, architrave, frieze, and pediment. The definitions cover terms related to temples, walls, masonry techniques, decorative motifs, and other buildings from early Mediterranean cultures.

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Josh Cawaling
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3K views6 pages

History of Architecture Reviewer

The document provides definitions for various architectural terms from ancient cultures like the Aegean and Greek civilizations. It defines structures like the citadel, megaron, acropolis, agora, orders of architecture, and components of classical architecture such as the column base, shaft, capital, architrave, frieze, and pediment. The definitions cover terms related to temples, walls, masonry techniques, decorative motifs, and other buildings from early Mediterranean cultures.

Uploaded by

Josh Cawaling
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History of Architecture -- Cloned from: History of Architecture

meige

Front Back

SeaFaring people ho have learned Aegean Cultures


to expolit natural resources

Smooth stone masonry laid so that Ashlar Masonry


joints are visable

Bronze Age
Time imported and bronze created

A Fortress in a commanding Citadel


position in or near a city

Walls made o very large stones, Cyclopean masonry


only minimally shaped

Several related mural painting


types, done on plaster on walls or Frescoes
ceilings (Jumping Bulls)
An elaborate maze, made to trap a
Labyrinth
minotaur(half man half bull)

Lustral-Basin A pool used or ritual purification

Rectangular room having a central


Megaron hearth and four columns supporting
a roof ith an atrium opening

A plant used as a model for


Acaanthus leaf decoration on Corinthian and
composite capitals

"High city" In greek states the


acropolis as the location of the
Acropolis
most important temples and
religious shrines

In greek cities the term applied to


Agora the area of markets and city
government

Archaic Very old or old fashioned

A pier carved in the form of a


Caryatid standing woman and used in place
of a column

An egg shaped ornament


Egg and Dart alternating with a dart shaped one

The slight outward curve of a


Entasis column, which then tapers toward
the top of the shaft

An artistic meander pattern of


Fret or Greek Key
decorative border

Proportion where A:B is same as


Golden section
B:A+B

Waning of old greek religion, larger


Hellenes
sized cities

Period of Greek history between


Hellenistic death of Alexander the Great and
the annexation of the romans

The trabeated systems of


architecture develped by the
Greeks and extended by the
Romans. The Greek orders, Doric,
Orders of Architecture Ionic, and Corinthian - Differ
slightly from the Roman orders.
The Romans develped the Tuscan
and Composite order

Polis Ancient Greek City state

The decorative use of colored


Polychromy stone, seen primarily in medieval
architecture

A piece of land cut off and


assigned as an official domain,
especially to kings and chiefs, or a
Temenos
piece of land marked off from
common uses and dedicated to a
god, a sanctuary or holy grave

Is a structure resered for relgious


Temple
or spiritual activites

A dome over a circular plan


Tholos building or more generally the
building itself

In greek architecture a linear


building with one or more rows of
Stoa
columns, stoas could be used for
shops, meetings, exhibitions

The shrine room in the center of a


Cella or Noas
temple

The lowest part of a column or pier


often broader than the sections
Base
avobe to spread the load to the
foundation

The vertical element above the


Shaft base and below the capital in an
architectural order
In classical architecture the
Capital termination of a column, generally
given a decorative carving

In classical architecture the bottom


Architrave
portion o an entablature

The horizontal element above the


Frieze architrave and belo the cornice in
an entablature

Vertical grooves incessed in the


Flutes or Fluting
shaft of a classical column

An element of the doric frieze set


Metope alternately with triglyphs. Panels
contain low relief carvings

The gable end of a temple framed


Pediment
with cornices

Peristyle A colonnaded court or garden

The base, usually having steps on


Stylobate
which a colonnaded temple sits

A channeled block set between


Triglyph
metopes in a doric frieze

A decorative spiral found in Ionic,


Volute
Corinthian and composite capitals
The uppermost element of an
entablature, which projects beyond
Cornice the plane of the exterior wall: more
generally , the overhanging molding
atop any building

An area with raked seating


Amphitheater arranged around a circular or oval
floor

Ther termination of the nave of a


Apse basilica or the choir in a basilican
church

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