Top Gain - Maths f4

CHAPTER
1
1.
STANDARD FORM
(a)
(b)
(c)
900
0.005
20
850
0.0047
20
855
0.00473
20.4
(f) 0.00047 = 4.7 104

(g) 0.00000544 = 5.44 106
5. (a) 7.2 103 = 7 200
(b) 9.33 102 = 933
(c) 8.81 105 = 881 000
(d) 8.46 103 = 0.00846
2. (a) 41.38 13.7 + 0.368

= 27.68 + 0.368
= 28.048
= 28.0 [3 significant figures]
(e) 5.8 104 = 0.00058

(f) 6.63 102 = 0.0663
(g) 8 105 = 0.00008
(b) 86 18.46 0.3

= 86 5.538
= 80.462
= 80 [1 significant figure]
6. (a) 8.6 104 + 5 105

= 0.86 105 + 5 105
= (0.86 + 5) 105
= 5.86 105
(c) 17.54 4.4

1.6
= 10.9625 4.4
= 6.5625
4
4
(b) 6.4 10 = 6.4 103
0.004
4 10
6.4
104 (3)

=
4

= 1.6 101
7. (a) Mass of an oxygen molecule
= 2 2.7 1023
= 5.4 1023 g
3. (a) Total distance

= 18 1 60 60
2
= 32 400 m
= 32.4 km
= 32 km [2 significant figures]
(b) Distance
= 1.068 105 60
= 1 780 km
= 1.78 103 km
(b) Total surface area

= 2(8 2.4 + 4.5 2.4 + 8 4.5)
= 132
= 130 cm2 [2 significant figures]
(c)

(c) Volume
= 3.142 32 8
= 226.224
= 226 cm3 [3 significant figures]
Perimeter
= 2(1.6 103 + 3.8 102)
= 2(1.6 103 + 0.38 103)
= 2[(1.6 + 0.38) 103]
= 2(1.98 103)
= 3.96 103 cm
4. (a) 808 000 = = 8.08 105

(b) 24 600 = 2.46 104
(c) 690 = 6.9 102
(d) 0.00976 = 9.76 103
(e) 0.6609 = 6.609 101
Part 1
1. 50 846 = 50 800
4 < 5
Answer: C
1
Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.
12. 7.09 105 = 709 000

Answer: C
+1
2. 0.06464 = 0.065
6 > 5
Answer: D
13. 0.00073 5 106

= 7.3 104 5 106
= 7.3 104 0.05 104
= (7.3 0.05) 104
= 7.25 104
Answer: C

Part 2
1. 3.6 104 9.4 105
= 3.6 104 0.94 104
= (3.6 0.94) 104
= 2.66 104
3. 960 000 = 9.6 105

m 10n = 9.6 105

m = 9.6, n = 5
Answer: B
4. 548.1
= 5.481 102

Answer: A
10 = 9.243 101 + 4 (2)
5. 92.43 2
10

= 9.243 107
4
2. (7.3 105)2

Answer: D
6. 0.0012 (2.4 105)
= (1.2 103) (2.4 105)
1.2
=
103 5
2.4
= 0.5 108
= 5 101 108
= 5 109
Answer: A
4. Actual length = 7.8 25 000

= 195 000

= 1.95 105 cm
13
5.
Volume = 1 200
3.142 52 x = 1 200

x = 3.142 52
8. 93 10.47 0.6 = 93 17.45

+1

= 75.55

= 76 [2 significant figures]
Answer: B
6. Perimeter = 2(3.5 105 + 8.3 104)

= 2(3.5 105 + 0.83 105)

= 2[(3.5 + 0.83) 105]

= 2(4.33 105)

= 8.66 105 m
7. (a) 919 800 = 920 000
[2 significant figures]
(b) 919 800 = 920 000
[3 significant figures]
9. 0.000846 = 8.46 104

Answer: A
10. 420 60 = 25 200

= 2.52 104
Answer: D
8. AB =
=
=
=

11. 721 500 = 722 000
Answer: B
+1
7.3 105 7.3 105

7.3 7.3 105 + (5)
53.29 1010
5.329 109
4
3. 77 6004 = 7.76 10
4
8 10
8 10

= 7.76 104 (4)
8

= 0.97 108

= 9.7 107
7. 3.6 10 + 7.2 10
= 3.6 1014 + 0.72 1014
= (3.6 + 0.72)1014
= 4.32 1014
Answer: D
14
=
=
=
=
ABBBBBB
122 92
ABB
63
7.93725
7.94 cm [3 significant figures]
CHAPTER
2
1. (a) No
(c) Yes
(e) Yes
(g) Yes
QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS AND

EQUATIONS
(b) Yes
(d) No
(f) No
(e) 4 36z2 = 4(1 9z2)

= 4[12 (3z)2]

= 4(1 3z)(1 + 3z)
6. (a) x2 + 9x + 14 = (x + 2)(x + 7)
(b) q2 q 20 = (q + 4)(q 5)
(c) y2 + 3y 18 = (y 3)(y + 6)
(d) z2 8z + 15 = (z 3)(z 5)
2. (a) m + 3m(2 m) = m + 6m 3m2

= 7m 3m2
(b) (5x 1)2 = (5x 1)(5x 1)

= 25x2 5x 5x + 1

= 25x2 10x + 1
(e) 8 + 2m m2 = (2 + m)(4 m)
7. (a) 2y2 + 7y + 6 = (2y + 3)(y + 2)
(b) 3h2 14h + 8 = (3h 2)(h 4)
(c) 6x2 + x 2 = (2x 1)(3x + 2)
(d) 4p2 + 12p + 9 = (2p + 3)(2p + 3)

= (2p + 3)2
2
(e) 8n + 16n 10 = 2(4n2 + 8n 5)

= 2(2n 1)(2n + 5)
1 (4 + 2y)(3 + y)
1 43
3. (a) Area =
2
2

= (2 + y)(3 + y) 6

= 6 + 2y + 3y + y2 6

= (5y + y2) cm2
(b) Distance = (5k + 3)(k 2)

= 5k2 10k + 3k 6

= (5k2 7k 6) km
8. (a) Yes
(c) Yes
(c) Total amount spent

= (3p 2)(2p 3)
= 6p2 9p 4p + 6
= RM(6p2 13p + 6)
(b) No
2 3t = 5
t

2 3t2 = 5t
3t2 5t + 2 = 0
3t2 + 5t 2 = 0
(b)
4h2 = h(2h 7) + 4

4h2 = 2h2 7h + 4
2
2
4h 2h + 7h 4 = 0
2h2 + 7h 4 = 0
(c)
2x2 + 3(x 1)2 = 0
2
2x + 3(x2 2x + 1) = 0
2x2 + 3x2 6x + 3 = 0

5x2 6x + 3 = 0
(d) (k + 5)(k 5) = 5 k
k2 25 5 + k = 0
k2 + k 30 = 0
p+2
(e)
5 p = p 1

(5 p)(p 1) = p + 2
5p 5 p2 + 1 p 2 = 0

p2 + 5p 7 = 0

p2 5p + 7 = 0
9. (a)
4. (a) 6y2 21 = 3(2y2 7)

(b) 21 28p2 = 7(3 4p2)
(c) 6m + 3m2 = 3m(2 + m)
(d) 4t2 12t = 4t(t + 3)
(e) 15q2 5q = 5q(3q 1)
5. (a) w2 25 = w2 52

= (w 5)(w + 5)
(b) 100 h2 = 102 h2

= (10 h)(10 + h)
(c) 4k2 81 = (2k)2 92

= (2k 9)(2k + 9)
(d) 12x2 27 = 3(4x2 9)

= 3[(2x)2 32]

= 3(2x 3)(2x + 3)
10. (a)
13. (a) x2 2x 15 = 0
(x 5)(x + 3) = 0
x 5 = 0 or x + 3 = 0
x = 5
x = 3
Area = 39 cm2
1 (2x 1)(x 1) = 39

2
2x2 2x x + 1 = 78
2x2 3x 77 = 0
(b) Total distance travelled =

4x + x(3x 5) =

4x + 3x2 5x =

3x2 x 70 =
(c)
Product = 45
y(y 4) = 45

y2 4y 45 = 0
70 m
70
70
0
(b) x2 + 8x + 12 = 0
(x + 2)(x + 6) = 0

x + 2 = 0 or x + 6 = 0
x = 2
x = 6
(c) 2x2 + 3x 9 = 0
(2x 3)(x + 3) = 0
2x 3 = 0 or x + 3 = 0
2x = 3
x = 3
3
x =
2
11. (a) LHS = x2 + 2x 3

= (3)2 + 2(3) 3

=963

=0

= RHS

x = 3 is a root of the equation.
(d)
3x2 x = 4(x + 3)

3x2 x = 4x + 12
2
3x 5x 12 = 0
(3x + 4)(x 3) = 0
3x + 4 = 0 or
x3=0
3x = 4 x = 3
4
x =
3
(b) LHS = 2x(x + 5)

= 2(2)(2 + 5)

= 2(2)(7)

= 28
RHS = 3x + 15

= 3(2) + 15

= 21
LHS RHS

x = 2 is not a root of the equation.
x2 + 2 = 3
x

x2 + 2 = 3x

x2 3x + 2 = 0
(x 1)(x 2) = 0

x 1 = 0 or x 2 = 0
x = 1
x = 2
(e)
(c) LHS = 2x2 12

= 2(1.5)2 12

= 4.5 12

= 7.5
RHS = 5(x)

= 5(1.5)

= 7.5
LHS = RHS
x = 1.5 is a root of the equation.
20
x + 3 =
x+2

(x + 3)(x + 2) = 20

x2 + 2x + 3x + 6 20 = 0

x2 + 5x 14 = 0

(x 2)(x + 7) = 0

x 2 = 0 or x + 7 = 0
x = 2
x = 7
(f)
12. (a) (x 4)(x + 3) = 0

x 4 = 0 or x + 3 = 0
x = 4
x = 3
(b) (2x + 3)(x 5) = 0
2x + 3 = 0 or x 5 = 0

2x = 3
x = 5
3
x =
2
(c) x(4x 5) = 0
x = 0 or 4x 5 = 0
5

x =
4
(g)
(x + 2)(2x + 1) = 5
2x2 + x + 4x + 2 5 = 0

2x2 + 5x 3 = 0
(2x 1)(x + 3) = 0
2x 1 = 0 or x + 3 = 0
2x = 1
x = 3
1
x =
2
4. y2 11y + 18
= (y 2)(y 9)
14. (a)
PR2 = PQ2 + QR2

102 = (x + 2)2 + (2x)2

100 = x2 + 4x + 4 + 4x2

100 = 5x2 + 4x + 4
2
5x + 4x 96 = 0
(5x + 24)(x 4) = 0
5x + 24 = 0 or
x 4 = 0

5x = 24
x = 4
24 (Rejected)

x =
5
\ x = 4
2y
9y
+18
11y
Answer: A
(b) Let the breadth of the pool = x m

Area = 700

x(x + 15) = 700
x2 + 15x 700 = 0
(x 20)(x + 35) = 0

x 20 = 0 or x + 35 = 0
x = 20
x = 35 (Rejected)
5. 3k2 13k + 12
= (3k 4)(k 3)
3k
4k
9k
Answer: B
3k
+12
13k
6. 4m2 + m 5
= (4m + 5)(m 1)
4m
+5 +5m
1 4m
Answer: B
4m
2
3x = x 36
3

9x = x2 36
x2 9x 36 = 0
(x + 3)(x 12) = 0
x + 3 = 0 or x 12 =
x = 3
x =
Answer: C
8.
p2 7p = 18
2
p 7p 18 = 0
(p + 2)(p 9) = 0
p + 2 = 0 or p 9 =
p = 2
p =
Answer: D
+m
7.

\ Breadth = 20 m
Length = 20 + 15

= 35 m
(c) Area of the shaded region = 24

(x + 5 2)(x 2) = 24

(x + 3)(x 2) = 24
x2 2x + 3x 6 24 = 0

x2 + x 30 = 0

(x 5)(x + 6) = 0
x 5 = 0 or x + 6 = 0
x = 5
x = 6 (Rejected)

\x=5
0
12
0
9
9.
(3n 2)2 = n2

(3n 2)(3n 2) = n2
2
9n 6n 6n + 4 n2 = 0

8n2 12n + 4 = 0

4(2n2 3n + 1) = 0

4(2n 1)(n 1) = 0
2n 1 = 0 or n 1 = 0
2n = 1
n = 1

n = 1
2
Answer: B
2
Part 1
1. (2x 1)2 = (2x 1)(2x 1)

= 4x2 2x 2x + 1

= 4x2 4x + 1
Answer: D
2. 3q2 12q = 3q(q 4)
Answer: A
10. Area = x2 + 8x + 16

= (x + 4)2
Length of side = (x + 4)

Perimeter = 4(x + 4)

= 4x + 16
Answer: D
3. 50 2p2 = 2(25 p2)

= 2(52 p2)

= 2(5 p)(5 + p)
Answer: C
11. Area = (3x + 4)(3x 4)

= 9x2 12x + 12x 16

= 9x2 16
Answer: A
5y 8
2y = y 6

2y2 12y = 5y 8
2y2 12y 5y + 8 = 0
2y2 17y + 8 = 0
(2y 1)(y 8) = 0
2y 1 = 0 or y 8 = 0
2y = 1
y = 8
1

y =
2
6.
12. 72 2t2 = 2(36 t2)

= 2(62 t2)

= 2(6 + t)(6 t)
Answer: C
7. x2 2(x 3) = 9 4x
x2 2x + 6 9 + 4x = 0

x2 + 2x 3 = 0
(x + 3)(x 1) = 0
x + 3 = 0 or x 1 = 0
x = 3 x = 1
Part 2
1. 5x(x 3) = 6 2x
5x2 15x 6 + 2x = 0
5x2 13x 6 = 0
(5x + 2)(x 3) = 0
5x + 2 = 0
or x 3 = 0
2
x = 3
x =
5
8. w2 w = 0
4
4w2 w = 0
w(4w 1) = 0
w = 0 or 4w 1 =

4w =
w =
2.
x(2x 3) = 9

2x2 3x 9 = 0
(2x + 3)(x 3) = 0
2x + 3 = 0 or x 3 = 0
2x = 3
x = 3
3
x =
2
k(k 3) = 3 + k
2

2(3 + k) = k(k 3)

6 + 2k = k2 3k
2
k 2k 3k 6 = 0

k2 5k 6 = 0
(k + 1)(k 6) = 0
k + 1 = 0 or k 6 = 0

k = 1
k = 6
9.
3.
9m(m + 3) = 27m + 25
2
9m + 27m 27m 25 = 0
9m2 25 = 0
(3m 5)(3m + 5) = 0
3m 5 = 0 or 3m + 5 = 0
3m = 5
3m = 5
5
5

m =
m =
3
3
4. (x + 1)(2x + 1) 15 = 0
2x2 + x + 2x + 1 15 = 0
2x2 + 3x 14 = 0
(2x + 7)(x 2) = 0
2x + 7 = 0 or x 2 = 0
2x = 7
x = 2
7

x =
2
10.
6x2 + 3 = 11x
2
6x 11x + 3 = 0
(3x 1)(2x 3) = 0
3x 1 = 0 or 2x 3 =
3x = 1
2x =
1

x =
x =
3
8 7e
5. e
=
e
e2 = 8 7e

e2 + 7e 8 = 0
(e 1)(e + 8) = 0
e 1 = 0 or e + 8 = 0

e = 1 e = 8
0
1
1
0
3
3
CHAPTER
SETS
1. (a) A set of even numbers which are less

than 20.
(b) A set of perfect squares which are less
than 36.
(c) A set of months which begin with the
letter J.
9. (a)
(b)
4
8 12
10
14
(b) Q
3. (a) (i) 15 B
(ii) 24 B
(b) (i) hexagon C
(ii) circle C
P
2. (a) {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18}

(b) {a, e, i, o, u}
(c) {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12}
4. (a)
10. (a) { }, {8}, {9}, {8, 9}

(b) C = {1, 2, 3, 6}
{ }, {1}, {2}, {3}, {6},
{1, 2}, {1, 3}, {1, 6},
{2, 3}, {2, 6}, {3, 6},
{1, 2, 3}, {1, 2, 6},
{1, 3, 6}, {2, 3, 6},
{1, 2, 3, 6}
yellow
green
red
11. (a)
5. (a) B = {4, 8, 12, 16}

n(B) = 4
(b) C = {23, 29, 31, 37}
n(C) = 4
P
7
(b)
6. (a) P = f
(b) Q = {36}
Q f
17
15
19
11
13
12. (a) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

J = {1, 4, 9}
J = {2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10}
7. (a) P = {A, E}
Q = {O, U, E}

\PQ
(b) = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}

L = {6, 9, 12}

L = {4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14}
(b) E = {1, 2, 4, 8}

E=F
8. (a) C , P
D P
13. (a) (i) = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}

n() = 8
(ii) Q = {5, 7, 11}

Q = {6, 8, 9, 10, 12}
(iii) n(Q) = 5
(b) E P
F , P
(b) (i) = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9}

n() = 6
(ii) P = {7, 9}

P = {3, 4, 5, 6}
(iii) Q = {5, 6}

Q = {3, 4, 7, 9}
18. (a) (i) (K N) N

(ii) (M N) K
(b) (i) (Q R) R
(ii) (P Q) R
19. (a) (i) A B = {8, 9}
(ii) (A B) = {4, 5, 6, 7}
14. (a) (i) P = {a, e, i, o, u}

P > Q = {o, u, e}
(ii) P > Q > R = {o, u}
(b) (i) A = {27, 30, 33}

B = {29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34}

A B = {30, 33}
(ii) (A B) = {25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31,

32, 34}
(b) (i) A = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,

14, 15}
B = {5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15}

A > B = {5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15}
(ii) C = {5, 7, 11, 13}
A > B > C = {5, 7, 11, 13}
(c) (i) J > K = {B, O, A}
(ii) J > K > L = {O, A}
20. (a) (i) 3 + 5 = 8

(ii) 5
(b) (i)
H
C
9
15. (a) M > N = {p, r}

M
c
o
p
r
(ii) 9 + 6 + 6 + 3 = 24
(iii) 9
4 2
12 8
5
3
B
4
6
8 12
10
7
11

22. (a)
17. (a) B > C = {7, 8}

(b) P > Q > R = {m}
E F G = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9}
E
(b)
(b) E = {1, 2, 3, 6}

F = {3, 6, 9}

G = {5}
24

16. (a)
21. (a) A = {4, 6, 8, 10, 12}

B = {3, 6, 9, 12}
A B = {3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12}
C

(b) A = {1, 2, 4, 8}

B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}

C = {2, 3, 5, 7}

A > B > C = {2}
B
G
5
(b)
(i)
A < B < C = {60, 61, 63, 66, 67,

69, 70, 71, 72, 73,

74, 75, 76, 77, 78,

79, 80}

n(A < B < C) = 17
(ii) B > C = {61, 62, 64, 65, 67, 68}
(c) (i) n(P < Q < R) = 4 + 6 + 7 + 3

= 20
(ii) n(Q > R) = 6 + 5

= 11
23. (a) (i) Q (P Q)

(ii) R (Q R)
(b) (i) P (P R)
(ii) R (P Q)
24. (a) (A B) = {v, w}
Part 1
1. A = {p, q, r}
Subsets of set A are
{p}, {q}, {r}, {p, q}, {p, r}, {q, r}, {p, q, r}, { }
Answer: D
(b) (i) A = {8, 12, 16}

B = {7, 11, 13}
(A B) = {9, 10, 14, 15}
(ii) C = {9, 16}
(B C) = {8, 10, 12, 14, 15}
2. J = {4, 6, 8, 10, 12}

K = {6, 9, 12}

L = {4, 8, 12, 16}

J K = {6, 12}
(J K) L = {4, 6, 8, 12, 16}
Answer: C
25. (a) (i) n(Q R) = 5

(ii) n(P Q) = 4 + 6 + 3 + 1 + 3

= 17
26. (a)
Q
R
(b)
3. = {e, f, g, m, n}

Q = {m, n}

Q = {e, f, g}
Answer: C
4.
27. (a) B > C < A

(b) K > L J
(c) (A < C) > B
(d) (P Q) R
(e) P > (Q < R)
28. (a) (i)

(ii)

Q
P
Answer: C
5. n() = n(J) + n(K) n(J K)

= 64 + 53 21

= 96
Answer: B
Q = {2, 5, 8, 10}
Q > R = {8, 10}
P < Q = {2, 5, 7, 8, 10}
n(P < Q) = 5
6. 2 + 2x = 24

2x = 24 2
= 22
22

x =
2
= 11
(b) A = {61, 67, 71, 73, 79}

B = {60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78}
C = {60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69}
4. (a) K = {10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24}

L = {9, 16, 25}
(b) K L = {9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22,

24, 25}

M = {15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,

23, 24, 25}

K L M = {16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25}
(c) M = {9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}

L M = {9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 25}

n(L M) = 8
5. (a) { }
(b) Q > R9
(b) P
6. (a)
P
Number of students who play two games

only
= x + 6 + 2x

= 11 + 6 + 22
= 39
Answer: A
7. T = {3, 5}
Subsets of T are { }, {3}, {5}, {3, 5}
Answer: D
8. n() = 18

n(R) = 4 + 7

= 11

n(R) = 18 11

=7
Answer: B
9. = X Y
= {3, 4, 5, 7, 9}

n() = 5
Answer: A
7. (a)
(b)
E
F
10. Number of students = 38 (18 + 10 5)

= 38 23

= 15
Answer: B
Part 2
1. (a)
8. (a)
F
G
(b)
2. (a)
(b)
3. (a) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

P R = {1, 2, 3, 6}
(P R) = {4, 5, 7}
(b) Q R = {1}

P = {2, 3}

Q R P = {1, 2, 3}
(b)
9. (a)
(b)
10. (a) J L = {2, 3, 5}

(b) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
J = {6, 7, 8}

J K = {2, 4, 6, 7, 8}

n( J K) = 5
4
CHAPTER
MATHEMATICAL REASONING
1. (a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Yes
(b) 10 is less than 15.

15 is less than 20.
(c) Point (0, 2) lies on the y-axis.
Point (2, 0) lies on the x-axis.
2. (a) True
(b) True
(c) False
11. (a) 23 = 8 and 3

8 = 2.
(b) Sam likes to play piano and computer
games.
(c) 3 is greater than 3 and 1.
3. (a) (2)3 , (1)3

(b) 3 1 = 1
4
2
4
(c) , {1, 2}
12. (a) A square has equal sides.

An equilateral triangle has equal sides.
(b) (a2)3 = a6
(a2)3 = a5
(c) An acute angle is less than 90.
An obtuse angle is less than 90.
4. (a) All parallel lines do not intersect.

(b) All proper fractions are less than 1.
5. (a) Some angles in a triangle are less than
90.
(b) Some shoes are made of leather.
(c) Some mathematics questions are easy.

6. (a) False
(b) True
(c) True
(d) False
13. (a) {a, b} is a subset of {a, b} or {a, b, c}.

(b) 3 > 5 or (3)2 < (5)2.
(c) 328 = 3.28 102 or 328 = 3.28 102.
14. (a) True
(b) False
(c) False
15. (a) True
(b) False
7. (a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Yes
(d) Yes
16. (a) Antecedent: x = 2

Consequent: x + 2 = 4
(b) Antecedent: A polygon has three sides.

Consequent: The polygon is a triangle.
(c) Antecedent: y is an even number.

Consequent: y can be divided by 2.
8. (a) Some factors of 12 are the factors of 6.

(b) All prime numbers can only be divided
by 1 and itself.
(c) Some buildings are tall.
17. (a) Implication 1: If 2m > 10, then m > 5.

Implication 2: If m > 5, then 2m > 10.
(b) Implication 1: If the circumference of a
circle is 8 cm, then its
radius is 4 cm.

Implication 2: If the radius of a
circle is 4 cm, then its
circumference is 8 cm.
9. (a) Not all perfect squares are even

numbers.
(b) {2, 4} is not a subset of {2, 4, 6, 8}.
(c) 8 is not a factor of 16.
10. (a) 15 is a multiple of 5.
20 is a multiple of 5.
p = 4, then p = 64.
18. (a) (i) If 3
p = 4 if and only if p = 64.
(ii) 3
(b) (i) If x is an odd number, then x + 1
is an even number.
(ii) x is an odd number if and only if
x + 1 is an even number.
25. (a) 15 2n, n = 0, 1, 2,

n , n = 1, 2, 3,
(b)
n+1
26. (a) 3n, n = 1, 2, 3,
25
(b) x =
23
32
=
8
= 4
19. (a) Converse: If a b . 0, then a . b.

The converse is true.
(b) Converse: If x2 . 0, then x . 0.
The converse is false.
(c) Converse: If a = b, then a 3 = b 3.
4
Part 1
1. 2 > 1 is a false statement.
Answer: D
20. (a) Premise 1: If x = 10, then x + 5 = 15.

Premise 2: x = 10.
Conclusion: x + 5 = 15.
(b) Premise 1: If a polygon has five sides,
then it is a pentagon.

Premise 2: The polygon is not a
pentagon.
Conclusion: The polygon does not
have five sides.
2. All factors of 6 are factors of 24.

Answer: A
3. p : 5% = 0.05 (True)

q : 47 = 4.7 10 (True)

p and q(True)
Answer: D
21. (a) 4 is more than 1.

3
(b) A > B = A
4. If x > 8, then x > 5 (True)

Answer: A
5. Conclusion: x3 < 0
Answer: C
22. (a) If ABCD is a rhombus, then the

diagonals of ABCD bisect at 90.
(b) If AB is parallel to CD, then AB does
not intersect with CD.
(c) The mean of the three numbers is not
5.
6. Premise 2 : x 6
Answer: B
7. 90 < 120 < 180
Answer: C
23. (a) Induction

(b) Deduction
(c) Induction
8. (32)3 = 35 or 0.47 = 4.7 101

FalseorTrue=True
Answer: A
1 (13 + 25)(10)
24. (a) Area =
2

= 190 cm2
x =
3
(b)
y
5
18
3
=
y
5
y = 30
9. 2 = 1 + 12
5 = 1 + 22
10 = 1 + 32
17 = 1 + 42

1 + n2, n = 1, 2, 3,
Answer: C
3 = 35 2
(c)
32
= 33
5
10. If m < 0, then m > 0.

Answer: B
11. { } is an empty set is true.

Answer: C
(b) Implication 1: If x3 , 0, then x , 0.
12. If x is a proper fraction, then x < y.

y
Answer: C
(c) 360
= 45
6. (a) (i) 6 is a factor of 15 and 6 is an

even number.
(ii) False
Part 2
1. (a) Yes
(b) Implication 1: If two lines are parallel,
then they do not
intersect each other.
Implication 2: If two lines do not
intersect each other,
then they are parallel.
(b) n(A) 3
(c) Implication 1: If P Q = Q, then

Q P.
Implication 2: If Q P, then

P Q = Q.
7. (a) (i) No
(ii) Yes
(b) Implication 1: If x is a factor of y,
then y can be divided
completely by x.

Implication 2: If y can be divided
completely by x, then x
is a factor of y.
(c) All multiples of 6 are multiples of 3.
(c) 3n 2, n = 1, 2, 3,
2. (a) True
(b) Implication 1: If (2x 5)(x 1) = 0,

then 2x2 7x + 5 = 0.
Implication 2: If 2x2 7x + 5 = 0,

then (2x 5)(x 1) = 0.
(c) Function y is a quadratic equation.
3. (a) (i) False
(ii) True
(b) Implication 1: If m3 = 64, then

m = 4.
1 of 30 is
8. (a) 20% of RM100 is RM20 or
3
15.
(b) If x2 2x = 0, then x = 2. False
(c) PQ and ST have the same gradient.
Implication 2: If m = 4, then

m3 = 64.
9. (a) All
(b) 6 is not a factor of 20.
(c) 2(3)n n, n = 1, 2, 3,
(d) Implication 1: If A < B = B, then

A , B.
Implication 2: If A , B, then

A < B = B.
(c) 3x 2 13
4. (a) False
(b) Some
(c) Implication 1: If N is an even number,
then N is a multiple of
2.

Implication 2: If x , 0, then x3 , 0.
10. (a) (i) Some

(ii) All
Implication 2: If N is a multiple of
2, then N is an even
number.
(b) If a > 8, then a > 10. False

(c) A > B = A
5. (a) False
CHAPTER
THE STRAIGHT LINE
1. (a) 3 units, 2 units

(b) 3 units, 0 unit
(c) 0 unit, 4 units
2 =
2. (a)
4
0
(c) =
5
3.
7. (a) 1 (1) = 1
3 1
2
Negative
Inclined downwards to the right
(b) 3 2 = 1
30
3
Positive
Inclined upwards to the right
1 (b)
3
2
2
0
4 =2
(a)
2
1
(b)
3
2 =2
2 =
1
6
3
6 =2
3 =
1
9
3
1
(c) 1 (3) = 2
2 3
5
Negative
Inclined downwards to the right
8. (a) 2, 2
4. (a) G(2, 0)
H(4, 3)
Gradient =

30
4 (2)
1
=
2
(b) E(5, 2)
F(3, 1)
Gradient = 1 2
3 (5)
3

=
8
5. (a) 3 0 = 3
3 (1)
4
2
8
6
=
=3
(b)
57
2
(c) 12 (5) = 7 = 1
8 (1)
7
3
(4)
7
=
(d)
26
4
(b) 2, 4
9. (a)
2 = 1
4
2
(b)
4 = 4
3
3
(c)
3 = 3
1
10. (a) 2
7
(b) 6
2
(d) 12 = 2
6
(c) (8 3) = 24
9 =
3 ,2
6. (a) (i)
6
2
6 =
3 ,3
(ii)
8
4
3 =
1 ,4
(iii)
9
3
(b) greater, steeper
11. (a)
8
5
(b)
3
2
(c)
3
2
4 3
2
12. (a) (i) Gradient = 1

3

= 1
3
(ii) (3, 0)
=3
8
3
(b) (i) 3
(ii) Gradient = 3
6
1

=
2
17. (a) The equation is y = 1.

(b) The equation is y = 3.
(c) The equation is y = 1.5.
(c) (i) x-intercept = 4 4

3
= 3
(ii)
m = 3, n = 0
18. (a) The equation is x = 2.

(b) The equation is x = 3.
(c) The equation is x = 1.
19. (a) y = 1 x + c
2
At A(0, 1),
1 (0) + c
1 =
2
c = 1

13. (a) y = x 2
x
1 x 1.
\ The equation is y =
2
(b) y = 4x + c
1 , 5 ,
At A1
2 2
1 +c
5 = 41
22
c = 7

The equation is y = 4x + 7.
y
2
y=x2
2
4
20. (a) Gradient, m = 5 3

21
= 2
\ y = 2x + c
At P(2, 5), 5 = 2(2) + c

c = 1

The equation is y = 2x + 1.
(b) y = 4x
x
y
12
y = 4x
(b) Gradient, m = 3 (4)

26
1
=
4
\ y = 1 x + c
4
At P(6, 4), 4 = 1 (6) + c
4

c = 5
2

The equation is y = 1 x 5 .
4
2
4
1
14. (a)
1 (2) + 1 = 0
2
LHS = RHS
Yes
(b)
1 (8) + 2 = 4
4
LHS RHS
No
15. (a) y = 3x 2
(b) y = 3 x + 7
4
16. (a)
y = 2x + 4
2y = x 10
(b) y
= 1x 5
2
1
2
(c) Gradient, m = 7 8
3 (3)
= 5
2
\ y = 5 x + c
2
At P(3, 8), 8 = 5 (3) + c

2
1

c =
2

The equation is y = 5 x + 1 .
2
2
(b)
x
y=x+3 3
y = x
2 2
2
3
y=x+3
4
2
P(3, 0)
4
2
y = x
2
3
(c)
(b) The equation is x = 3.

(c) Gradient of AB = 6 (1)
4 (10)

= 1
2
1
\ y = x + c
2
At B(4, 6), 6 = 1 (4) + c
2

c = 4
22. (a)
21. (a) Gradient of AB = 0 4

2 (8)

= 2
5
2
\ y = x + c
5
At B(2, 0), 0 = 2 (2) + c
5
4

c =
5

The equation is y = 2 x + 4 .
5
5
y = x
1 +1
2
y = x
1 3
3
2
y
4
2
The equation is y = 1 x + 4.
2
P(4, 1)
1 +1
y = x
2
0
2
1 3
y = x
2
y = 3x 0
y = 2x + 10
23. (a)
y + 2x = 3 1

y 5x = 4 2

1 2, 7x = 7

x = 1
Substitute x = 1 into 1.
y + 2(1) = 3

y = 1

The point of intersection is (1, 1).
y
y = 3x
8
6
P(2, 6)
4
y = 2x + 10
2
0
(b)
3y + x =
2y x =

1 + 2, 5y =

y =
7 1
3 2
10
2
26. (a) 4y 8x = 10

y = 2x + 5
2

Gradient of LP = 2

y = 2x + c
At P(2, 5), 5 = 2(2) + c

c = 1

The equation of Lp is y = 2x + 1.
Substitute
y = 2 into 1.
3(2) + x = 7

x = 1

(c)
4y + 5x = 22
3, 12y + 15x = 66 1

5y + 3x = 21
5, 25y + 15x = 105 2

2 1, 13y = 39

y = 3
Substitute y = 3 into 1.
12(3) + 15x = 66

15x = 30

x = 2

(b) 2 3x + y = 0

y = 3x 2
Gradient of LP = 3

y = 3x + c
At P1 1 , 5 2, 5 = 31 1 2 + c
3 2
2
3
3

c =
2
The equation of Lp is y = 3x + 3 .
2
(c) 2x + 2y = 0

y = x

Gradient of LP = 1

y = x + c
At P(2, 3), 3 = (2) + c

c = 5
The equation of LP is y = x 5.
24. (a) (i) Gradient of PQ = 4

2

= 2
(ii) Gradient of RS = 2
1

= 2
30
1 (2)

=3
(ii) Gradient of RS = 6 (3)
41

=3
(b) (i) Gradient of PQ =
27. (a) (i) Gradient of PQ = 8 (1)

4 (2)
3

=
2

Let coordinates of T be (0, y).
6 y = 3
Then
60
2

6 y = 9

y = 3

The coordinates of T are (0, 3).
25. (a) 2y 4x = 6

4y = 7 + 8x
y
= 2x + 3 y = 2x + 7
4
Gradient, m1 = 2 Gradient, m2 = 2
Since m1 = m2 = 2, the lines are
parallel.
(b) 5x = 2y + 8
3y = 4x 1
y = 5 x 4 y = 4 x 1
2
3
3
2
3
Since m1 m2, the lines are not
parallel.
(ii) Gradient of PU = 6 (1)

6 (2)

= 7
8

y = 7 x + c
8
At P(2, 1), 1 = 7 (2) + c
8

c = 3
4

The equation of PU is

y = 7x + 3.
8
4
(c) 3 2x + y = 0
3y = 6x 8

y
= 2x 3 y = 2x 8
3

Since m1 = m2 = 2, the lines are
parallel.
(b) (i)
3x y = 4 1
x 2y = 7
3, 3x 6y = 21 2

1 2, 5y = 25

y = 5
Substitute y = 5 into 1.
3x 5 = 4

x = 3

The point of intersection is

P(3, 5).

(ii) Gradient of AP = 1
2

y = 1 x + c
2
c = 4

The equation of the line
passing through point B and
parallel to AP is y = 1 x 4.
2
5
Part 1
1. x-intercept = 4
y-intercept = 2
4

y-intercept = 4 2

=8
Answer: A
2. Given y = 2x + c and (0, 6)

y = 2x + 6
When y = 0,
2x + 6 = 0

2x = 6

x = 6
2
= 3

(3, 0)
Answer: B
(c) (i) y = 3 2x
When y = 5, 5 = 3 2x

x = 1
The coordinates of A are (1, 5).
(ii) y = 3 2x
Let x-intercept = a.

At (a, 0), 0 = 3 2a

a = 3
2
3. 5x + 3y = 7

3y = 5x + 7
y = 5 x + 7
3
3

Gradient = 5
3
Answer: D

4. 4x 3y = 24

The equation of line PQ is

x = 3.
2
(iii) 3y 2x = 6
2x+2
y =
3

Gradient of line passing through
A = 2
3

y = 2 x + c
3
At A(1, 5), 5 = 2 (1) + c
3

c = 17
3
The equation of the line
passing through point A and
parallel to the line 3y 2x = 6
2 x +
17 .
is y =
3
3
When y = 0,

4x = 24

x = 6
Answer: A
5. Gradient of PQ = 2 6
3 (1)

= 8
4

Answer: A
= 2
6. 4x 5y + 20 = 0
When y = 0,
4x + 20 = 0

4x = 20

x = 20
4
= 5
Answer: B
5
Part 2
1 x + 10
1. (a) y =
2

1
m =
2
2y = kx + 9
kx +
9
y =
2
2
k =
1

2
2
k = 1
7. Given P(3, 2)

x=3
Answer: B
8. OS = 5
OT
2
10
= 5
OT
2

OT = 2 10
5
= 4

Gradient = 4
10

= 2
5
(b) 2y = kx + 9
2y = x + 9
0 = x + 9

x = 9

x-intercept = 9

Equation of ST is

y = 2 x 4
5

5y = 2x 20

5y = kx 20

k=2
Answer: C
2. (a) mPQ = mOM

= 4 0
20

=2
y = mx + c
3 = 2(5) + c
c = 3 10

= 13
y = 2x 13
9.
y-intercept = 2
10
5
2
10
y-intercept =
5
= 4
Answer: B
(b) 0 = 2x 13
2x = 13

x = 13
2

x-intercept = 13
2
3. (a) x = 3
10. Gradient = y-intercept

x-intercept
2
6

=
3
x-intercept

x-intercept = 6 3
2

18

=
2

=9
(b) y = 1 x + 7
3

m = 1
3

y = mx + c
4 = 1 (3) + c
3

c = 4 1
= 5
Answer: C
11. 3x + 5y + 2 = 0
(c) When y = 0,
1 x 5 = 0

3
1 x = 5
3
x = 5 3

= 15
When x = 0,

5y + 2 = 0

5y = 2

y = 2
5
Answer: B
y = 1x 5
3
4. (a) mAD = mBC

= 5 1
11 3
1
=
2

y = mx + c
1 (4) + c

6 =
2

c = 6 2
= 4
1x + 4

y=
2
(b) y-intercept = 4
5. (a) y =
k =
=
y =
7. (a) y 5 = 3x
y = 3x + 5

m = 3

y = mx + c
6 = 3(1) + c

c = 6 3
= 3

y = 3x + 3
(b) 0 = 3x + 3
3x = 3

x = 3
3
= 1

x-intercept = 1
3x 2
3(2) 2
4
4
8. (a) mPQ = mRS

30
0 (4)
= 3
4
y 8 = 3 (x 2)
4
y 8 = 3 x 3
4
2
3
y = x + 13
4
2

(b) 0 = 3x 2
3x = 2
2

x =
3
2, 0

Q1
3 2

m = 4
2
3
= 6

y = 6x + 4
0 = 3 x + 13
4
2
13
3
x =
2
4
(b)
6. (a) y = 2x + 12

y-intercept = 12
(b) y = 8
(c) m = 2

y = mx + c
8 = 2(5) + c

c = 8 10
= 2

y = 2x 2
x =
13
2
26
3
CHAPTER
STATISTICS III
1. (a) 61 70, 71 80, 81 90

(b) 26 30, 31 35, 36 40
2.
(a)
(b)
(c)
101
44
2.5
115
48
2.9
100 + 101
2
= 100.5
43 + 44
2
= 43.5
2.4 + 2.5
2
= 2.45
115 + 116
2
= 115.5
48 + 49
2
= 48.5
2.9 + 3.0
2
= 2.95
115.5 100.5 48.5 43.5

= 15
=5
5. (a) Class interval

0.5 1.0
1.1 1.6
1.7 2.2
2.3 2.8
2.9 3.4
3.5 4.0
(b)
2.95 2.45
= 0.5
3. (a) Highest value = 99

Lowest value = 52
Size of class interval = 99 52
5

= 9.4 10
The class intervals are 52 61,
62 71, 72 81, 82 91 and 92 101.
(b) Highest value = 80
Lowest value = 12
Size of class interval = 80 12
7

= 9.7 10
The class intervals are 12 21,
22 31, 32 41, 42 51, 52 61,
62 71 and 72 81.
Wages (RM)
400 499
500 599
600 699
700 799
800 899
900 999
Tally
||||||
||
||||
||||||
||||||||
||
Frequency
7
2
5
7
9
2
Tally
|||
||||
||||
||||
||
||
Frequency
3
5
4
4
2
2
6. (a) Modal class = 30 34

(b) Modal class = 3.7 4.5
7. (a)
Midpoint
(b)
0.75
35.5
1.35
45.5
1.95
55.5
2.55
65.5
3.3
3.8
4.3
7
3
2
Midpoint
Frequency
23.1
11.4
8.6
4.8
5.3
Total
5
4
21
24.0
21.2
88.3
8. (a) Midpoint Frequency
4. (a) Size of class interval = 10

Number of class interval
= 98 25
10

8
\ Suitable.
(b) Size of class interval = 20
Number of class interval
= 98 25
20

4
\ Not suitable.
Midpoint
Mean = 88.3
21
= 4.20
(b) Midpoint Frequency

2
49
12
36
17
153
22
132
27
27
30
405
Total
(c) The smaller the size of class interval,

the more accurate the value of the
mean to the actual mean.
Midpoint
Frequency
10. (a)

Mean = 405
30
= 13.5
2.95
2.95
3.45
3.45
3.95
3.95
4.45
10
40
13
78
18
108
23
46
28
84
33
33
24
392
8
6
4
2
0
1.95
2.45
2.95 3.45
Height (m)
3.95
25 + 29
(c) = 27 minutes
2
6+9+7
(d)
100% = 44%
50
(ii) Midpoint Frequency
4.45
11. (a) 6 + 9 + 7 + 12 + 6 + 10 = 50 students

(b) 25 29 minutes

Mean = 392
24

= 16.33
12.
Midpoint
Frequency
Frequency
5.5
33
50
15.5
12
186
40
25.5
127.5
30
35.5
35.5
24
382
20
10
Mean = 382
24

= 15.92
2.45
12
(b)
Midpoint
Midpoint Frequency
(i)
Frequency
Total
Upper
boundary
2.45
Frequency
9. (a) Mean = 394

24
= 16.42
Total
Lower
boundary
1.95
9.5
19.5 29.5 39.5 49.5 59.5

Length (cm)
Midpoint
25.5
35.5
45.5
55.5
65.5
75.5
13. (a)
16. (a)
Cumulative frequency
0
20
35
42
47
50
Frequency
52
17. (a)
12
Mass
Upper
Cumulative
Frequency
(kg)
boundary frequency
10
8
6
4
2
0
15.5
25.5
35.5
45.5 55.5 65.5

Temperature (C)
75.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
15
6.5
22
7.5
29
8.5
31
85.5
14. (a) 3.10 kg

(b) 2.93 2.97 kg and 3.03 3.07 kg
(c) 8 + 14 + 8 + 20 + 10
= 60 water-melons
(d) Mean
2.95 8 + 3.00 14 + 3.05 8 +
3.10 20 + 3.15 10
=
60
183.5
=
60
= 3.058 kg
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
15. (a)
0
2.5
3.5
18. (a) Range =

=
(b) Range =

=
10
18
27
39
4.5
5.5
6.5
Mass (kg)
7.5
8.5
7.2 1.2
6.0
11.4 2.1
9.3
19. (a) Range = 1 90 + 99 2 1 50 + 59 2

2
2

= 94.5 54.5

= 40.0
44
46
20. (a)
21. (a)
120
40
100
35
30
80
25
60
20
40
15
10
20
5
0
0.5
5.5
10.5
15.5
20.5
Pocket money
25.5
(i) Median = RM10

(ii) First quartile = RM6
(iii) Third quartile = RM16
(iv) Interquartile range = 16 6

= RM10
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Thickness
3.0
3.5
4.0
(i) 40 books
(ii) 23 books
(iii) 40 13 100%
40

= 67.5%
(b)
(b)
800
700
150
600
125
500
100
400
75
300
50
200
25
100
0
0
2.4
2.8
3.2
3.6
4.0
Time (seconds)
4.4
4.8
10.5
20.5
30.5
40.5
50.5
Time (seconds)
60.5
(i) 37.5 seconds

(ii) 51.5 26.5 = 25 seconds
(iii) 150 140 100%
150

= 6.67%
(i) Median = 3.6 seconds

(ii) First quartile = 3.28 seconds
(iii) Third quartile = 4.0 seconds
(iv) Interquartile range

= 4.0 3.28

= 0.72 second
0.5
70.5
Part 2
1. (a) Mean
22(2) + 27(3) + 32(6) + 37(11) +
42(9) + 47(6) + 52(3)
=
40
= 38.5 minutes
6
Part 1
1. 16 has the highest frequency.

Mode = 16
Answer: C
Upper
boundary
19.5
24.5
29.5
34.5
39.5
44.5
49.5
54.5
(b)
2. Mean
2.45(7) + 3.45(9) + 4.45(3) + 5.45(6)
=
25
= 3.77
Answer: C
3. 150 7 10 = 80
80 4 = 20
Answer: C
4. 2 15 = 10
3

Angle of sector representing Thursday
10
360
=
35 + 15 + 10 + 10 + 20
= 40
Answer: B
Cumulative
frequency
0
2
5
11
22
31
37
40
(c)

40
35
30
5. Midpoint of the modal class = 649.5

Size of the class interval = 100
Modal class = 600 699
Answer: B
25
20
15
6. Mean
449.5(5) + 549.5(8) +
649.5(9) + 749.5(8)
=
30
10
5
0
19.5 24.5
= 616.17
Answer: B
29.5
34.537 39.5 44.5 49.5
54.5
Time (minutes)
(d) 15 trainees
7. Modal class = 25 28
Midpoint of the modal class
= 25 + 28
2
2. (a)
= 26.5
Answer: A
14.5(8) + 18.5(9) + 22.5(7) +
26.5(15) + 30.5(11)
8. Mean =
8 + 9 + 7 + 15 + 11

= 23.46
Answer: C
Class
interval
Frequency Midpoint
12 16
14
17 21
19
22 26
24
27 31
29
32 36
34
37 41
39
(b) Modal class is 27 31.
Frequency
3(14) + 4(19) + 7(24) +

9(29) + 5(34) + 2(39)
(c) Mean =
30
= 26.5 calculators
(d)
4. (a)
Frequency Midpoint
0
59
10 14
10
12
10
15 19
12
17
20 24
22
25 29
27
2(0) + 7(4) + 12(10) +

17(12) + 22(9) + 27(5)
(b) Mean =
40

= RM17.13
(c) Frequency
41.5
36.5
31.5
26.5
21.5
11.5
16.5

12
Number of calculators
(e) 5 + 2 = 7 days
3. (a)
Donation
(RM)
04
Marks
30
40
50
60
70
80
10
Midpoint
Frequency
34.5
44.5
54.5
64.5
74.5
84.5
3
4
8
11
10
4
39
49
59
69
79
89
4
2
0
12
27
17
22
Donation (RM)
32
(d) Modal class is RM15 19.
(b) (i) Modal class is 60 69 marks.

(ii) Mean
34.5(3) + 44.5(4) + 54.5(8) +
64.5(11)
+ 74.5(10) + 84.5(4)
=
40
= 62.75 marks
(c) Frequency
5. (a) Class interval

Frequency Midpoint
(mark)
12
10
8
51 55
53
56 60
58
61 65
63
66 70
68
71 75
73
76 80
78
81 85
83
(b) Modal class is 61 65.
(c) Mean
53(2) + 58(5) + 63(8) + 68(3) +
73(3) + 78(2) + 83(1)
=
24
2
0
29.5
39.5 49.5 59.5 69.5 79.5

Marks
89.5
= 65.08
(d)
(d) Number of teams

=5+5+4
= 14 teams
Frequency
8
7
7. (a) Mass (kg) Frequency
46 50
48
51 55
53
56 60
58
61 65
63
66 70
68
71 75
73
76 80
78
50.5 55.5 60.5 65.5 70.5 75.5 80.5 85.5

Marks
(e) 3 + 2 + 1 = 6 students
Points
45 49
6. (a)
Midpoint
(b) Size of the class interval

= 50.5 45.5
= 5 kg
Midpoint Frequency
47
5
50 54
52
55 59
57
60 64
62
65 69
67
70 74
72
75 79
77
48(3) + 53(4) + 58(7) + 63(4)

+ 68(3) + 73(4) + 78(5)
(c) Mean =
30

= 63.33 kg
(d)
Frequency
7
6
47(5) + 52(7) + 57(8) + 62(6)

+ 67(5) + 72(5) + 77(4)
(b) Mean =
40

= 60.75
(c)
5
4
3
Frequency
2
8
6
5
53
58
63
Mass (kg)
68
73
78
(e) Modal class is 56 60 kg.
8. (a) (i) Modal class is 160 164 cm.

(ii) Mean
147(4) + 152(11) + 157(24) +
162(26) + 167(18) + 172(9) +
177(5) + 182(3)
=
100

= 162.25 cm
3
2
1
0
48
42
47
52
57
62
67
Points
72
77
82
(b) Upper boundary

(cm)
9. (a)
Cumulative
frequency
Number
of tins
Frequency
Midpoint
144.5
10 14
12
149.5
15 19
17
154.5
15
20 24
22
159.5
39
25 29
10
27
164.5
65
30 34
32
169.5
83
35 39
37
174.5
92
179.5
97
184.5
100
12(4) + 17(4) + 22(6) +

27(10) + 32(3) + 37(3)
(b) Mean =
30

= 24.2 tins
(c)
(c)
Frequency
100
10
90
80
6
4
70
60
50
40
20
10
0
144.5 149.5 154.5 159.5 164.5 169.5 174.5 179.5 184.5
Height (cm)
14.5 19.5 24.5 29.5 34.5 39.5

Number of tins
(d) Modal class is 25 29 tins.
30
(d)
9.5
75
100 = 75
100
From the ogive, h = 167
CHAPTER
PROBABILITY I
1. (a) (i) Possible

(ii) Possible
(iii) Impossible
(ii) n(less than 2 siblings) = 17 + 50

= 67

P(less than 2 siblings)

n(less than 2 siblings)

=

n(S)
67

=
200
2. (a) 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,
20
(b) S, A, M, P, L, E
(c) 1, 2, 3, 6, 9
(b) n(S) = 25 + 30 + 12 + 33
= 100
(i) n(black) = 30

P(black) = 30
100

= 3
10
(ii) n(green) = 33

33

P(green) =

100
(iii) n(red or blue) = 25 + 12

= 37

37

P(red or blue) =

100
3. (a) S = {A, B, C, D, E}
(b) S = {male, female}
4. (a) A = {2, 4, 6, 8}
(b) B = {25}
(c) C = {2, 3, 5, 7}
5. (a) Possible
(b) Impossible
20
6. (a) (i) Ratio =
50
2

=
5
50
20
(ii) Ratio =
50
3
=
5
8. (a)
500
(b) (i) Ratio =
800
5
=
8
(b)
7
200 =140
10
(c)
3
360 = 135
8
5
9. (a) (i) P(yellow) =
5+4+3

5

=
12

(ii) Expected number of times
5
=
600
12

= 250
300
800
3
=
8
2
250 = 100
5
(ii) Ratio =
7. (a) n(S) = 200

(i) n(2 siblings) = 90

n(2 siblings)

Probability =
n(S)
90

=
200
9

=
20
10. (a) The most likely colour to be chosen is

blue because the probability of getting
150
1
a blue marble is
=
which is the
300
2
highest.
1
(b)
orange
x + 30
=
=
marble 300 + x
13(x + 30) =
13x + 390 =
9x =
x =
5. Let the number of oranges = x

2

P(orange) =
5
x
2
=

5+7+x
5
4
13
4(300 + x)
1 200 + 4x
810
90
5x = 24 + 2x
3x = 24
24

x =
3
= 8
5
P(apple) =
5+7+8
5

=
20
1

=
4
Answer: B
(c) n(S) = 300 y + 30 = 330 y

n(green) = 70
70
1
P(green) =
=
330 y
4

280 = 330 y
y = 50
7
Part 1
1. Number of boys = 60
Total number of pupils = 100 + 20

= 120
60

P(boy) =
120
1

=
2
Answer: D
2. Number of red apples =

1
150
6
8
15
20
25
4
5
3
56
7
= 24
8. Number of black toy =

24 + x
1
=
56 + x
2

48 + 2x = 56 + x

2x x = 56 48

x = 8
Answer: B
Answer: B
9. P(blue) =
4. Factors of 32 = {2, 4, 8}
3

Probability =
9
1

=
3
Answer: A
= 6
Answer: D
3. Number of girls = 90 35 15

= 40
40

P(girl) =
90 15
40
75
7. Number of days that Lim is late to school

1
=
192
32

Number of green apples = 150 25

= 125
Answer: D
17 + 3
4 + 17 + 1 + 3
Answer: D
= 25
6. P(black) =
40
25 + 40 + 35 + 20
40

120
1
3
Answer: D
10. Expected number of times

1
450
=
6
= 75
Answer: B
30 + 25
45 + 30 + 25 + 30
55
=
130
11
=
26
(b) P(XL) =
11. Number of students

4
=
360
15
= 96
Answer: B
(b) Number of customers = 80 16 14

= 50
Part 2
1. Number of male teacher = 40 25 + x

= 15 + x
4
15
+
x

=
9
40 + x
9(15 + x) = 4(40 + x)
135 + 9x = 160 + 4x
9x 4x = 160 135
5x = 25
25

x =
5
= 5
5. (a) Number of customers = 0.6 150

= 90
(b) Number of customers = 0.1 150

= 15
x
1
=
x + 60
4

4x = x + 60
4x x = 60

3x = 60
60

x =
3
= 20
6. (a)
36
48 + 36 + 32
36
=
116
9
=
29
2. (a) P(apple) =

(b) P(pear) =

3. (a) P(XXL) =
60
20 + 60 + 15
60
=
95
12
=
19
(b) P(banana) =

32
116 10 2
32
=
104
1
80
5
= 16
4. (a) Number of customers =
50
150
1

=
3
(ii) Number of times obtaining a blue
marble

= 150 (50 + 60)

= 40
40

Probability = 150
4

= 15
1 n = 24
(b)
3
n = 24 3
= 72
7. (a) (i) Probability =
4
13
1
6
x
=

50 + 45 + x + 25 + x

6x =

6x 2x =

4x =
1
6
120 + 2x
120
120
120

x =
4
= 30
3
CHAPTER
CIRCLES III
1. (a) No, it intersects the circle at two

points.
(b) No, it does not touch the circle.
(c) Yes, it touches the circle at one point.
2. (a)
8. (a) x = 90
y = 70
(b) x = 55
y = 180 55 38 40
= 47
(c) x = 90 32
= 58
y = 32
(d) x = 100 2
= 50
y = 70 40
= 30
(e) x = 62
y = 90 62
= 28
Tangent
O
3. (a)
B
O
9. (a) x =
=
y =
=
(b) x =
=

y =
=
4. (a) (i) TBO

(ii) 6 cm
(iii) 30
(iv) y = 2(180 90 30)
= 120
(b) (i) TOA
(ii) 90
(iii) 40
(iv) 4 cm
(c) x =
=

y =
=
10. (a)
XY
6

XY = 4.2 cm
(ii) OY = 4.22 + 62
= 7.32 cm
5. (a) (i) tan 35 =
6. (a) LBA
(c) LBA
7. (a) x
y
(c) x
y
(e) x
y
=
=
=
=
=
=
(b) LBA
74 34
40
180 40 40 34 35
31
90 25
65
25 + (110 65)
70
180 88
2
46
180 63 46
71
4 common tangents
(b)
REF
(b) x = RWU
RFE
y = RUW
QRF
(d) x = MRQ or y
RFE y = RLM or x
QRS
PRT
3 common tangents
(c)
(ii)
11. (a) (i) HG

(ii) VT
(iii) VY
(b) (i) KL
(ii) KN
(iii) KNO
(b) COD = 180 140

= 40

40
(8)2
360
= 22.34 cm2
Area of sector COD =
180 84
12. (a) (i) EXO =
2

= 48
(ii) EG = 4 + 6
= 10 cm
140
(6.5)2
360

= 51.62 cm2

OA = 192 6.52 = 17.85 cm
(c) Area of sector APB =
QS
13. (a) (i) tan QRS =
RQ

Area of the shaded region
= 116.03 22.34 51.62
= 42.07 cm2
14
tan 65
= 6.53 cm
RQ =
(ii)
cos 65 =
OP
OS
Part 1
1. Reflex AOB = 2 105

= 210
Obtuse AOB = 360 210

= 150

x = 360 (90 + 90 + 150)
= 30
Answer: C
2

OS =
cos 65
= 4.73 cm
2
=
6.53

RS =
RO =
=

4.73
RS
15.44 cm
15.44 4.73
10.71 cm
2. PQM = PMN = 74

LQM = 180 74

= 106
PM
(b) (i) sin 20 =
13
PM = 4.45 cm
180 106
2

= 37

x = QML

= 37
Answer: A

QML =
MT = 4.45 + 3
= 7.45 cm
M
13 cm
P
T
20
1
17.85 6.5
2
= 116.03 cm2
Area of OAPB = 2
QS
tan 65 =
RQ
6.5
19
APO = 70
APB = 140
14. (a) cos APO =
1 common tangent
TU
13
TU = 12.22 cm
cos 20 =
N
3 cm
U
3. QUS = 180 110

= 70

TUQ = 360 (230 + 70)

= 60

x = 60
Answer: A
9. AYC = 46
180 46
YAC =
2
= 67

x = 67
Answer: B
4. TOQ = 2 30

= 60

OTP = 180 40

= 140

OQP = 90

x = 360 (60 + 140 + 90)

= 70
Answer: A
10. QOR = 180 (90 + 24)

= 66
66
OSQ =
2
= 33

x = 90 33

= 57
Answer: B
5. QOS = 2 62

= 124
180 124
QSO =
2
= 28

x = 50 + 28

= 78
Answer: D
11. QPS = 180 120

= 60

x = QPS

= 60
Answer: B
12. QTS = 56
180 56
x =
2
= 62
Answer: C
6. QOS = 2 36

= 72

OQR = 90

OSR = 360 (72 + 90 + 42)

= 156

x = 180 156

= 24
Answer: A
Part 2
1. (a) x = PRS
110
=
2
= 55
180 110
2
= 35
7. QTS = 40
180 40
TSQ =
2
= 70
(b) In OPS, OSP =
PQT = 70

x = 180 (68 + 70)

= 42
Answer: A

y = 180 (105 + 32)

= 43
8.

PQR = 180 (40 + 35)

= 105
2. (a) OQT = OTQ

= 180 146

= 34

x = 90 34
= 56
(b) y = TUA
= UTA
= OTQ
= 34
A 12 cm B
5 cm
5 cm
5 cm
12 cm
P
OP = 52 + 122
= 13 cm
Answer: B
3
6. (a) x = 180 (35 + 90)

= 55
(b) y = 34
(c) z = 90 63
= 27
3. (a) x = QSR
= 18
120
(b) PQS =
2

= 60

y = 180 (58 + 60 + 18)
= 44
7. (a) ATB = 180 110

= 70
(c) z = 90 58
= 32

AOB = 180 70
= 110
4. (a) x = BEF
= 54
x = 110
2
= 55

180 54
(b) In BGC, z =
2

= 63
(b) TBA = x

= 55

y = z
= 63

y = 90 (20 + 55)
= 15
(c) z = 63
(c) z = TBA
= 55
5. (a) x = PQT
180 50
=
2
= 65
(b) SUP = RUQ

= 80
In SPU, SPU = 180 (65 + 80)

= 35

RPQ = 42

y = 35 + 42

= 77
CHAPTER
9
1. (a)
TRIGONOMETRY II
y
145
0
Quadrant II
(b)
y
328
Quadrant IV
(c)
y
75
0
4. (a)
150
0.50
0.85
0.59
(b)
200
0.35
0.95
0.37
(c)
225
0.70
0.70
1.00
(d)
250
0.95
0.35
2.71
(e)
290
0.95
0.35
2.71
(f)
330
0.50
0.85
0.59
5. (a)
III
Negative
Negative
Positive
(b)
IV
Negative
Positive
Negative
(c)
III
Negative
Negative
Positive
(d)
II
Positive
Negative
Negative
2
3
6. (a)
x
(b)

Quadrant I
7. (a)
Undefined
2. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(b)
Q
0.7
0.7
R
0.8
0.6
S
0.6
0.8
T
0.8
0.6
(c)
Undefined
(d)
0.7 = 1 0.6 = 3
0.7
0.8
4

8. (a)
0.8 = 4 0.6 = 3
0.6
3 0.8
4
3. (a) (i)
0.80
0.60
0.75
(ii)
0.60
0.80
1.33
(iii)
0.20
0.98
4.90
(b) (i)
q1
0.20
0.98
0.20
(ii)
q2
0.60
0.80
0.75
(iii)
q3
0.80
0.60
1.33
(iv)
q4
0.98
0.20
4.90
y
228
48 0
Corresponding acute angle

= 228 180
= 48
(b)
y
323
0
37
Corresponding acute angle

= 360 323
= 37
9. (a)
(c)
162
18
sin 162 = sin (180 162)

= sin 18
y
(b)
191
333
27
sin 191 = sin (191 180)

= sin 11
(c)
y
218
242
sin 218 = sin (218 180)

= sin 38
(d)
y
284
0
76
208
143
x
tan 208
= tan (208 180)
= tan 28
(b)
y
294
0
153
66
tan 294
= tan (360 294)
= tan 66
(c)
y
271
0 89
304
0
cos 153
= cos (180 153)
= cos 27
(b)
y
28
y
27
cos 242
= cos (242 180)
= cos 62
11. (a)
sin 143 = sin (180 143)

= sin 37
10. (a)
62
sin 284 = sin (360 284)

= sin 76
(e)
y
37
cos 333
= cos (360 333)
= cos 27
(e)
y
38 0
cos 162
= cos (180 162)
= cos 18
(d)
y
11
162
18
56
cos 304
= cos(360 304)
= cos 56
tan 271
= tan (360 271)
= tan 89
(d)
(c)
164.2
15.8
tan 164.2
= tan (180 164.2)
= tan 15.8
(e)
y
35130
0
x
830
tan 35130'
= tan (360 35130')
= tan 830'
(d) sin 251

= 0.9455
cos 235
= 0.5736
tan 183
= 0.05241
18. (a) tan q =

q =
=
(b) tan q =
q =
=
(c) tan q =
q =
=
14. (a) tan 23834'

= tan (23834' 180)
= tan 5834'
= 1.636
(b) tan 34210'
= tan (360 34210')
= tan 1750'
= 0.3217
(b) sin 238

= 0.8480
tan 341
= 0.3443
17. (a) cos q = 0.9312

q = 2123', 360 2123'
= 2123', 33837'
(b) cos q = 0.3481
q = 180 6938', 180 + 6938'
= 11022', 24938'
(c) cos q = 0.4702
q = 6157', 360 6157'
= 6157', 2983'
13. (a) cos 198

= cos (198 180)
= cos 18
= 0.9511
(b) cos 31620'
= cos (360 31620')
= cos 4340'
= 0.7234
sin 154
= 0.4384
cos 143
= 0.7986
16. (a) sin q = 0.5134

q = 3053', 180 3053'
= 3053', 1497'
(b) sin q = 0.7321
q = 180 + 474', 360 474'
= 2274', 31256'
(c) sin q = 0.5788
q = 180 + 3522', 360 3522'
= 21522', 32438'
12. (a) sin 302

= sin (360 302)
= sin 58
= 0.8480
(b) sin 14330'
= sin (180 14330')
= sin 3630'
= 0.5948
15. (a)
sin 312
= 0.7431
3.468
7355', 180 + 7355'
7355', 25355'
0.869
180 4059', 360 4059'
1391', 3191'
1.85
180 6136', 360 6136'
11824', 29824'
19. (a) (i) cos x = 7

10
14

= 7
SR
10

SR = 20 cm
SQ = 40 cm
cos 213
= 0.8387
tan 137
= 0.9325
cos 314
= 0.6947
tan 252
= 3.078
(ii) cos y = PQ
SQ
= 30
40
= 3
4
20. (a) cos 60 tan 45

= 1 1
2
= 1
2
(c) cos 0 + 5 tan 315 2 sin 0

= 1 + 5[tan (360 315)] 2(0)
= 1 + 5(tan 45)
= 1 + 5(1)
= 4
(b) sin 90 + cos 180 tan 225

= 1 + (1) tan (225 180)
= 0 tan 45
= 1
21. (a)
45
90
135
180
225
270
315
360
cos x
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
1.0
y = cos x
0.5
45
90
135
180
225
270
315
360
0.5
1.0
(b)
30
60
90
tan x
0.6
1.7
120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

1.7
0.6
0.6
1.7
1.7
0.6
y = tan x
30
60
90
120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
22. (a) y
(b) y
(c) y
(d) y
(e) y
=
=
=
=
=
3. tan EHG = 5
12
EG = 5

6
12

EG = 5 6
12

sin x
cos x
tan x
sin x
cos x
23. (a) (i) (90, 0)

(ii) (180, 0)
(iii) (270, 1)
= 2.5 cm
Answer: A
4. sin x = 5
13
5 = 5
TU
13
9
Part 1
1. sin x + cos y
= 0.87 + 0.82
= 1.69
Answer: D

TU = 13 cm
US = 132 52

= 12 cm

UR = 12 2

= 24 cm

UQ = 302 242
= 18 cm
2. cos KLJ = 12
13
KL

= 12
26 13

KL = 12 26
13
= 24 cm

JK = 262 242

= 10 cm
Answer: A

tan y = tan UQR
= 24
18

= 4
3
Answer: D
5
Part 2
1. (a) tan = 0.832
= 180 3946, 360 3946
= 14014, 32014'
5. m = 45, n = 180

m + n = 45 + 180

= 225
Answer: C
6.
180
270
360
y = sin x
(b) sin = 0.5132

= 3053, 180 3053
= 3053, 1497

Answer: C
1
0
180
1
270
2. (a) AC = BC = 10 cm
EC = 10 4
= 6 cm
x
360

ED = 62 + 82
= 10 cm
7. cos x = 4 and 180 x 360.

5

x is in quadrant IV (positive)

tan x = 3
4
Answer: A
8. PTS =
cos y =

=

=
PRS
cos PRS
cos PRQ
4
5
Answer: A
(b) sin x = EC
ED
= 6
10
= 3
5
3. (a) cos p = 0

p = 90
3
4
(b) Let M(x, 0)

cos x = 0

x = 270

M(270, 0)
9. cos y = 15
17
cos UQP = 15
17
15 = 15

UQ 17

UQ = 17 cm

US = 17 9

= 8 cm
In TUS,

TU = 102 82
= 6 cm

tan x = tan TSU

= 6
8

= 3
4
Answer: D
4. (a) sin = y-coordinate of point B

= 0.8
(b) cos = x-coordinate of point A

= 0.6
5. tan = 1.823

= 6115, 180 + 6115
= 6115, 24115
6. sin 150 = 0.5
7. tan = 4
7
12

= 4
BC
7
BC = 12 7
4
= 21
10. OM = 52 + 122
= 13 units
sin = 5
13
DC = 1 21
2
= 10.5 cm
Answer: B
q = cos 180
q = 1
CHAPTER
ANGLES OF ELEVATION AND

DEPRESSION
10
1. (a) (i) AO
(ii) OAB
(iii) OAC
(b)
P
Q
25
R
10 m
2. (a)
T
1.8 m
(b)

The length of the shorter pole
= 10 2.80
= 7.20 m
5237
63
B A 10 m
15 m
(c) (i) tan 47 = TO

3.5
TO = 3.75 m
(c)
3. (a)

tan 25 = PR
6
PR = 2.80 m
62
1.6 m
6m
(ii) tan OAP = 3.75 2

1
OAP = 6156'
25
30
1m
10
13
25 cm
Part 1
1.
4. (a)
48 m
A
32
50
R
2.5 m
tan 50 = 48
BC

BC = 40.28 m
38
8m
8m
Q
2.5 m
P
BR = tan 38

8
tan 32 = 48
AC
AC = 76.82 m

Distance between the two boats
= 76.82 40.28
= 36.54 m

BR = 8 tan 38
= 6.25 m

h = 6.25 + 2.5

= 8.75
Answer: C
2.
7. ML = KL = 12 m
tan MJL = 12
8 + 12
= 12
20
E
G
27
50 m
50 m
EJ = tan 27

50
Answer: D
EJ = 50 tan 27
= 25.48 m

GH = 120 25.48

= 94.52

= 94.5 m
Answer: D
8. tan GKH = 7
12
GKH = 3015
Answer: A
9. In PSQ,
SQ = tan 40

8.5
SQ = 8.5 tan 40

= 7.132 m
3. In TQR,
TQ = tan 72

10
TQ = 10 tan 72
= 30.777 m
In PRQ,
tan RPQ = 7.132 2
8.5
14.264
=
8.5
In SPR,
30.777 = tan 34
PQ + 10
PQ + 10 = 30.777
tan 34
RPQ = 5913
Answer: C

PQ = 45.629 10
= 35.629 m
Answer: B
4.

MJL = 3058
10. In UPO,
PO = tan 52

4
PO = 4 tan 52
= 5.12 m
3.2 = tan 15
y
y = 3.2
tan 15
In POS,
tan PSO = 5.12
3
= 11.94
Answer: C
PSO = 5938
Answer: A
11.
5. tan KML = 15
25
KML = 3058
Answer: A
48
15 m
M
10 m
6. KM is the horizontal line from point K.

LKM

Answer: B
15 m
KP = tan 48

15
KP = 15 tan 48
= 16.66 m
(b) 8.5 = tan 34

JO
8.5

JO =
tan 34
= 12.60 m

KL = 16.66 + 10

= 26.66 m
Answer: D
12. tan 35 = TU
18
TU = 18 tan 35
= 12.6 m

JK = 12.60 + 2.76
= 15.36 m
4. (a) 18 = tan 42
PO
18

PO =
tan 42
= 19.99 m
Answer: B
Part 2
1. (a)
HE + 25
= tan 4225
45
1
PO
3
1
=
19.99
3
= 6.66 m
(b) QO =

HE = 45 tan 4225 25
= 16.11 m
(b) OF = 45 30
= 15 m
18
6.66
TQO = 6941
tan TQO =
tan EFO = 25
15

= 592
5. (a) CD = tan 25
16

CD = 16 tan 25
= 7.46 m
2. (a) BD = 8 2
= 6 cm
tan BAD = 6
9

BAD = 3341
A
2m
9m
9m

SC = 7.46 + 10
= 17.46 m
D
2m
25
16 m
10 m
(b) BE = 8 5
= 3 cm
10 m
16 m
tan BCE = 3
7

BCE = 2312
1
10
2
=5m

CE = 17.46 5
= 12.46 m
7m
5m
Q
(b) BU =
B
E
tan = 12.46
9
= 5410
5m
7m
3. (a) 8.5 = tan 72

OK
8.5
OK =
tan 72
= 2.76 m
B
5m
U
9m
9m
E
5m
S
6. (a) tan 30 = 10 3
x+5
tan 30 = 7
x+5
x + 5 = 7 tan 30

x = 12.12 5
= 7.12 m
(b) tan 30 = y
x
y
7.12
y = 7.12 tan 30
= 4.11 m

BQ = 3 + 4.11
= 7.11 m
Q
ym
P
3m
3m
x
CHAPTER
LINES AND PLANES IN 3-DIMENSIONS
11
1. (a) Yes
(b) Yes
(c) No
2. (a) Vertical plane

(b) Inclined plane
(c) Horizontal plane
AS, BP, CQ, DR,

PD
AP, BP, CP, DP,

PQ
(b)
PD, PB, DB
PD, PB, DB, PQ
(c)
AB, AD, CD, CB,

QP, RD, SP
AB, BC, CD, DA,

PA, PC, AC
(b) CVO
20 cm
P 17 cm R

(ii) TR = 202 + 152
= 25 cm
tan QTR = 8
25
QTR = 1745'
T
6. (a) DC
(b) PR
(c) AC
(d) BQ
(e) DP
25 cm
R
8 cm
Q
7. (a)
B
D
(b) (i) AC = 102 62

= 8 cm
9
tan VCA =
8
VCA = 4822
6
9
BVA = 3341
(ii) tan BVA =

(b)
BG
B
9 cm
A 8 cm C
V
9 cm
11. (a) VB
(b) AC
(c) VB (d)
VO
(e) BD
B 6 cm A
9. (a) VPO
(c) DVO
5. (a) (i) PS
(ii) QS
(b) (i) PS, QR, BC and AD

(ii) none
(b) GAI
(d) IHG
10. (a) (i) PR = 82 + 152

= 17 cm
tan WPR = 20
17
WPR = 4938'
3. (a) (i) PQRS, TUVW

(ii)
(iii) PQUT, QRVU, RSWV, SPTW
4. (a)
8. (a) HBG
(c) HCG
(e) AIB
FH
1
12. (a)
D
B
(b)
W
V
U
S
P
2. UT is the line of intersection between the

two planes.

QU and UP are perpendicular to UT.

PUQ

Answer: B
3. The angle between the planes BFC and
AFD is GFH.

Answer:A
4. PU is the normal to the base UVWT.

UW is the orthogonal projection.

PWU

Answer: A
13. (a) RLM

(b) KSN
(c) QUL or RTM
(d) PSQ or KNL
5. OM = 132 52
= 12 cm
V
14. (a) WYZ

(b) WVZ or XUY or LMN
(c) MLN
6 cm
VO
4
VO = 13.08 cm
V
6. YX is a normal to the plane QRMP.

XQ is the orthogonal projection.

YQX

Answer: D
73
Q 4 cm O
13.08
8.5
VRO = 5659
7. TU is the line of intersection between the

two planes.

PN and NS are perpendicular to TU.

PNS

Answer: B
(ii) tan VRO =
13.08 cm
O
8.5 cm
8. TR is the line of intersection between the

two planes.

SR and RQ are perpendicular to line TR.

QRS

Answer: A
11
9. EF is the line of intersection between the

two planes.

VF and FU are perpendicular to line EF.

VFU

Answer: D
Part 1
1. RQ is the line of intersection between the
two planes.

AM and MN are perpendicular to RQ.

AMN

Answer: A
tan VMO = 6
12
VMO = 2634
Answer: D
15. (a) (i) tan 73 =
Part 2
1. Let the midpoint of CB = P
8
tan =
4

= 6326
4 cm
5
6
FGL = 3948
(b) tan FGL =
2. AC =
72 + 72
= 9.899 cm

NZ =
52 + 122
= 13 cm
8
tan UNZ =
13
UNZ = 3136
6
9.899
VAC = 3113
10 cm
15 cm
6 cm
8. (a) MBA
D
10 cm
tan MBA =
10
15
= 4811
15 cm
4. BD =
82 + 152
= 17 cm
12
17
UBD = 3513
5
17
PQK = 1623
5 cm
10. (a) TQ =
62 + 32
= 6.708 cm
4.5
tan RTQ =
6.708
RTQ = 3351
U
12 cm
B
10 cm
tan PQK =
10 cm
1
10
2
= 5 cm
In QNK,
QK =
82 + 152
= 17 cm
9. KP =
tan UBD =
5
10
MBA = 2634
1
10
2
= 5 cm
(b) MA =
(b) cos =
6
10
AED = 3058
8 cm
N
(b) tan AED =
7. (a) AED
6 cm
tan VAC =
3. (a)
1
10
2
= 5 cm
(b) NW =
5 cm
L
8 cm
6. (a) UNZ
6 cm
4.5
6
RPQ = 3652
(b) tan RPQ =
5. (a) FGL

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CHAPTER

(f) 0.00047 = 4.7 104

2. (a) 41.38 13.7 + 0.368

(e) 5.8 104 = 0.00058

(b) 86 18.46 0.3

6. (a) 8.6 104 + 5 105

(c) 17.54 4.4

3. (a) Total distance

(b) Total surface area

4. (a) 808 000 = = 8.08 105

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

12. 7.09 105 = 709 000

13. 0.00073 5 106

3. 960 000 = 9.6 105

4. Actual length = 7.8 25 000

8. 93 10.47 0.6 = 93 17.45

6. Perimeter = 2(3.5 105 + 8.3 104)

9. 0.000846 = 8.46 104

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

7.3 105 7.3 105

QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS AND

(e) 4 36z2 = 4(1 9z2)

2. (a) m + 3m(2 m) = m + 6m 3m2

(c) Total amount spent

4. (a) 6y2 21 = 3(2y2 7)

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

11. (a) LHS = x2 + 2x 3

(b) LHS = 2x(x + 5)

(c) LHS = 2x2 12

12. (a) (x 4)(x + 3) = 0

(b) Let the breadth of the pool = x m

3. 50 2p2 = 2(25 p2)

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

11. Area = (3x + 4)(3x 4)

12. 72 2t2 = 2(36 t2)

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

1. (a) A set of even numbers which are less

2. (a) {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18}

10. (a) { }, {8}, {9}, {8, 9}

5. (a) B = {4, 8, 12, 16}

12. (a) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

(b) = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}

13. (a) (i) = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

(b) (i) = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9}

18. (a) (i) (K N) N

14. (a) (i) P = {a, e, i, o, u}

(b) (i) A = {27, 30, 33}

(b) (i) A = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,

20. (a) (i) 3 + 5 = 8

15. (a) M > N = {p, r}

17. (a) B > C = {7, 8}

21. (a) A = {4, 6, 8, 10, 12}

(c) (i) n(P < Q < R) = 4 + 6 + 7 + 3

23. (a) (i) Q (P Q)

24. (a) (A B) = {v, w}

(b) (i) A = {8, 12, 16}

2. J = {4, 6, 8, 10, 12}

25. (a) (i) n(Q R) = 5